CN107144706B - Multi-ring liquid ring angle accelerometer - Google Patents
Multi-ring liquid ring angle accelerometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107144706B CN107144706B CN201710512252.6A CN201710512252A CN107144706B CN 107144706 B CN107144706 B CN 107144706B CN 201710512252 A CN201710512252 A CN 201710512252A CN 107144706 B CN107144706 B CN 107144706B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/02—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
- G01P15/08—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer, which adopts a spiral tube structure, increases the length of a flow channel, thereby enhancing a pressure difference signal at two ends of a solid phase converter, increasing a flowing potential obtained by conversion of the solid phase converter, being more convenient for measurement and processing, and realizing accurate measurement of angular acceleration; compared with an angular accelerometer based on solid inertial mass, the multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer provided by the invention has no large solid inertial mass, uses liquid as the mass, and has small volume and light weight; compared with an MEMS type angular accelerometer, the angular accelerometer provided by the invention has fewer internal mechanical parts and simpler structure; meanwhile, the invention adopts a sealed shell to package all devices, and the sealed shell is of a sealed cavity structure, so that the sealed shell can only sense the angular acceleration on the input shaft, can better isolate the linear acceleration or vibration input from the outside and has high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensors, and particularly relates to a novel multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer.
Background
The angular accelerometer is a multifunctional inertial instrument and is widely applied to the fields of vehicle stabilization, satellite positioning and the like. Angular accelerometers and MEMS angular accelerometers based on solid inertial mass are more widely used at present. However, the two types of angular accelerometers have respective obvious defects, the angular accelerometer based on the solid inertial mass is large in size and heavy in mass due to the fact that the structural design of a large solid inertial mass body and a torsional pendulum type is generally adopted, the MEMS type angular accelerometer with the small measurement bandwidth is developed based on the micro-electro-mechanical system technology, the manufacturing process is complex, the piezoresistive element is adopted, the temperature stability is poor, and the measurement accuracy is low. In order to improve the overall performance of the angular accelerometer, the angular accelerometer based on the inertial mass of the fluid is gradually becoming a research hotspot due to its high precision, high bandwidth and high reliability.
The working process of the angular accelerometer based on the inertial mass of the fluid occurs in a closed pipeline, the input angular acceleration is converted into pressure difference at two ends of a solid-phase converter, and the pressure difference is further converted into flowing potential through the solid-phase converter, so that the magnitude of the pressure difference is directly related to the processing effect of subsequent electric signals, and the larger the pressure difference is, the larger the flowing potential is.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer, which uses a spiral pipe to increase the length of a flow channel so as to increase pressure difference and realize accurate measurement of angular acceleration.
A multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer comprises a digital circuit 3, a spiral tube 5, a measuring chamber 14, a solid phase converter 7 and two electrodes 13;
two ends of the spiral pipe 5 are respectively connected with and communicated with two ends of the measuring chamber 14 to form a circulation loop of working liquid, wherein the spiral pipe 5 is of a spiral structure, and the inner diameter of the spiral pipe 5 is equal everywhere;
the solid phase converter 7 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the measuring chamber 14 and divides the inner cavity of the measuring chamber 14 into an upper part and a lower part; the solid phase converter 7 is used for converting the pressure difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter into flowing potential;
the two electrodes 13 are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter 7 and used for leading out flowing potential to the digital circuit 3 outside the measuring chamber 14;
the digital circuit 3 converts the flow potential drawn by the electrodes into a digital signal representative of the angular acceleration.
Further, the inner wall of the middle part of the measuring chamber 14 is provided with two annular bulges, and the solid phase converter 7 is horizontally arranged between the two annular bulges.
Furthermore, a groove 9 is formed in the inner wall of the middle of the measuring chamber 14, and the solid-phase converter 7 is horizontally arranged in the groove 9.
Furthermore, the angular accelerometer also comprises two communicating pipes which are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the measuring chamber 14, and the spiral pipe outlet 4 and the spiral pipe inlet 8 of the spiral pipe 5 are respectively communicated with the two communicating pipes;
the communicating pipe is made of glass, the calibers of two ends are larger and smaller, one end with the larger caliber is communicated with the measuring chamber 14, and the other end with the smaller caliber is communicated with the spiral pipe 5.
Further, the solid phase converter 7 is a thin disc structure with capillary pores formed by sintering an insulating material.
Further, the electrode is a platinum electrode having a purity of 99.9%, and the electrode shape conforms to the contour shape of the solid-phase converter 7.
Further, the spiral pipe 5 is made of glass, and the thread pitches of the spiral pipe 5 are equal.
Further, the digital circuit 3 comprises a signal filter, an analog amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter which are connected in sequence, wherein the signal filter is used for filtering power frequency noise in the output streaming potential of the solid phase converter 7, the analog amplifier is used for amplifying the streaming potential of the filtered noise to be within the rated input range of the analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter is used for converting the streaming potential in the form of an analog signal into the streaming potential in the form of a digital signal.
Further, the angular accelerometer further comprises a closed shell 2 and a base 10, wherein the digital circuit 3, the spiral tube 5, the communicating tube 6, the measuring chamber 14, the solid-phase converter 7 and the electrode 13 are all packaged in the closed shell 2, the closed shell 2 is installed on the base 10, and the bottom of the base 10 is provided with an installation groove 11 around the base in a circle.
Further, the top of the closed shell 2 is provided with a leading-out terminal 1, and the digital circuit 3 leads out the processed flowing potential from the leading-out terminal 1, so that a digital signal representing angular acceleration is obtained at the leading-out terminal 1.
Has the advantages that:
compared with a single-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer, the single-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer adopts a spiral tube structure, and the length of a flow channel is increased, so that pressure difference signals at two ends of a solid-phase converter are enhanced, flowing potential obtained by conversion of the solid-phase converter is increased, measurement and processing are facilitated, and accurate measurement of angular acceleration is realized;
compared with an angular accelerometer based on solid inertial mass, the multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer provided by the invention has no large solid inertial mass, uses liquid as the mass, and has small volume and light weight; compared with an MEMS type angular accelerometer, the angular accelerometer provided by the invention has fewer internal mechanical parts and simpler structure; meanwhile, the invention adopts a closed shell to package all devices, and the sealed shell is of a sealed cavity structure, so that the sealed shell can only sense the angular acceleration on the input shaft, can better isolate the linear acceleration or vibration input from the outside and has high reliability;
the shape of the electrode is consistent with that of the solid-phase converter, so that the contact area between the electrode and the solid-phase converter is maximized, and the effect of the electrode on collecting flowing potential signals of the solid-phase converter is stronger;
in conclusion, the multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer provided by the invention can realize direct measurement of angular acceleration under dynamic conditions, and provides technical support for accurately describing the motion form of an object, disclosing the motion rule of the object, verifying the motion principle of the object and the like, so as to meet the wide requirements for angular acceleration measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the measuring chamber of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the multi-loop liquid ring angular accelerometer signal processing of the present invention;
1-leading-out end, 2-closed shell, 3-digital circuit, 4-spiral tube outlet, 5-spiral tube, 6-communicating tube, 7-solid phase converter, 8-spiral tube inlet, 9-groove, 10-base, 11-mounting groove, 12-electrode leading hole, 13-electrode and 14-measuring chamber.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
This example provides a multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer that can achieve direct measurement of angular acceleration. The first step in the operation of an angular accelerometer is to convert an input angular acceleration signal into a pressure difference signal, and the principle of pressure difference generation can be expressed by the following formula:
ΔP＝ρrαΔLcos
wherein, Δ P is the pressure difference, ρ is the fluid density of the working fluid, r is the radius of the spiral tube, α is the angular acceleration, L is the length of the flow channel, and is the included angle between the vector direction of the angular acceleration and the tangential direction of the flow channel, and as can be seen from the expression, the magnitude of the pressure difference and the length of the flow channel form a positive correlation. Therefore, the spiral helix tube is used to increase the length of the flow channel and achieve the purpose of increasing the pressure difference, thereby obtaining larger flowing potential and being convenient for measurement and signal acquisition.
As shown in fig. 1-3, which are schematic diagrams of the internal structure of the multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer of the present invention, the multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer includes a digital circuit 3, a spiral tube 5, two communicating tubes 6, a measuring chamber 14, a solid phase converter 7, and two electrodes 13;
the two communicating pipes 6 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the measuring chamber 14 in a run-through manner, the spiral pipe outlet 4 and the spiral pipe inlet 8 of the spiral pipe 5 are respectively communicated with the two communicating pipes 6, and the two communicating pipes form a circulation loop of working liquid, namely the working liquid circulates in the spiral pipe 5, the communicating pipes 6 and the measuring chamber 14; wherein, the spiral pipe 5 is a spiral structure, the thread pitches are equal, the outer diameters are equal, and the diameter of the measuring chamber 14 is larger than that of the communicating pipe 6;
the shape of the solid phase converter 7 is matched with that of the measuring chamber 14, the solid phase converter 7 is horizontally arranged in the middle of the measuring chamber 14 and divides the inner cavity of the measuring chamber 14 into an upper part and a lower part, and the solid phase converter 7 is used for converting the pressure difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter into flowing potential;
the shape of the electrode 13 is consistent with that of the solid phase converter 7, and the electrode is respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter 7;
an electrode lead hole 12 is formed in the middle of the measuring chamber 14, and an electrode 13 penetrates out of the electrode lead hole 12 and is connected with the digital circuit 3; wherein the digital circuit 3 converts the flow potential drawn by the electrodes 13 into a digital signal representative of the angular acceleration.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, which is a cross-sectional view taken along a line a-a of the measuring chamber of fig. 1 of the present invention, the inner wall of the middle portion of the measuring chamber 14 has two annular protrusions, the solid-phase converter 7 is horizontally installed between the two annular protrusions, and the electrode lead holes 12 are respectively opened at the upper and lower sides of the annular protrusions.
Preferably, the inner wall of the middle part of the measuring chamber 14 is provided with a groove 9, the solid phase converter 7 is horizontally arranged in the groove 9, and the electrode lead holes 12 are respectively arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the groove 9.
The communicating pipe 6 is made of glass, the calibers of two ends are larger and smaller, one end with the larger caliber is communicated with the measuring chamber 14, and the other end with the smaller caliber is communicated with the spiral pipe 5.
The solid phase converter 7 is a thin disc structure with capillary pores, which is formed by sintering an insulating material. When the working liquid flows through the solid phase converter 7 under the action of pressure, the surface of the solid phase converter 7 is charged, ions with charges different from those on the solid surface in the working liquid in the solid phase converter 7 are attracted to the solid surface, the ions with the same charges are repelled to be far away from the solid surface, the surplus ions move directionally along with the fluid of the working liquid in the solid phase converter 7 to generate flowing current, and further generate flowing potential at two ends of the solid phase converter 7, and through the process, the pressure difference at two ends of the solid phase converter 7 can be converted into flowing potential signals; the ions on the surface of the solid phase converter 7 then electrochemically react with the electrodes 13, thereby outputting a streaming potential to the digital circuit 3 for processing via the electrodes 13.
The electrode 13 is a platinum electrode with a purity of 99.9%, and the electrode 13 is circular ring-shaped and is disposed near the upper and lower surfaces of the solid phase converter 7, leaving one end leading out from the electrode lead hole 12 of the measuring chamber 14.
The spiral pipe 5 is made of glass materials, the cross section area of the spiral pipe 5 is circular, and the diameter of the cross section is equal everywhere.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a flow chart of signal processing of the multi-loop liquid ring angular accelerometer of the present invention, the digital circuit 3 includes a signal filter, an analog amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter, which are connected in sequence; an unknown angular acceleration signal is input into the multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer, the working liquid generates pressure on the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter 7 under the action of the angular acceleration signal, the solid phase converter 7 converts a pressure difference signal of the upper surface and the lower surface into a flowing potential signal, the signal filter is used for filtering noise such as power frequency and the like in the flowing potential signal output by the solid phase converter 7, and the Butterworth filter is adopted; the analog amplifier amplifies the flowing potential signal of the filtered noise to a range within which the analog-to-digital converter can accept rated input, and an operational amplifier OP37 chip is adopted; the analog-to-digital converter converts the amplified flowing potential signal in the form of an analog signal into a flowing potential signal in the form of a digital signal, and the digital signal is output to a leading-out terminal 1 of the angular accelerometer by adopting a 24-bit ADS1246 chip, so that the digital signal representing the angular acceleration is obtained at the leading-out terminal 1.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of an external structure of the multi-ring liquid ring angle accelerometer of the present invention, the multi-ring liquid ring angle accelerometer further includes a sealed housing 2 and a base 10, wherein the digital circuit 3, the spiral tube 5, the communicating tube 6, the measuring chamber 14, the solid phase converter 7 and the electrode 13 are all packaged in the sealed housing 2, and the sealed housing 2 is installed on the base 10, wherein the bottom of the base 10 is provided with an installation groove 11 around the base for one circle;
the closed shell 2 is of a cylindrical structure.
The top of the closed shell 2 is provided with a leading-out terminal 1, and the digital circuit 3 leads out the processed flowing potential from the leading-out terminal 1, so that a digital signal representing angular acceleration is obtained at the leading-out terminal 1.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer is characterized by comprising a digital circuit (3), a spiral tube (5), a measuring chamber (14), a solid phase converter (7) and two electrodes (13);
two ends of the spiral pipe (5) are respectively connected with and communicated with two ends of the measuring chamber (14) to form a circulation loop of working liquid, wherein the spiral pipe (5) is of a spiral structure, and the inner diameter of the spiral pipe (5) is equal everywhere;
the solid phase converter (7) is horizontally arranged in the middle of the measuring chamber (14) and divides the inner cavity of the measuring chamber (14) into an upper part and a lower part; the solid phase converter (7) is used for converting the pressure difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter into flowing potential;
the two electrodes are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the solid phase converter (7) and used for leading out flowing potential to a digital circuit (3) outside the measuring chamber (14); the shape of the two electrodes is consistent with the outline shape of the solid phase converter (7);
the digital circuit (3) characterizes the streaming potential drawn by the electrodes as a digital signal of angular acceleration.
2. A multiple ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein the measuring chamber (14) has two annular protrusions on its central inner wall, and the solid phase converter (7) is horizontally mounted between the two annular protrusions.
3. A multiple ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein the measuring chamber (14) has a recess (9) in its central inner wall, and the solid phase converter (7) is horizontally mounted in the recess (9).
4. The multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, further comprising two communicating tubes, wherein the two communicating tubes are respectively installed at upper and lower ends of the measurement chamber (14), and the spiral tube outlet (4) and the spiral tube inlet (8) of the spiral tube (5) are respectively communicated with the two communicating tubes;
the communicating pipe is made of glass, the calibers of two ends are larger and smaller, the end with the large caliber is communicated with the measuring chamber (14), and the end with the small caliber is communicated with the spiral pipe (5).
5. A polycyclic liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein said solid phase transducer (7) is a thin disc structure with capillary pores sintered from an insulating material.
6. A multiple ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein the electrodes are platinum electrodes with a purity of 99.9% and the shape of the electrodes conforms to the contour of the solid phase transducer (7).
7. A multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein the helical tubes (5) are of glass material and the pitch of the helical tubes (5) is equal.
8. A multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein the digital circuit (3) comprises, connected in series, a signal filter for filtering power frequency noise in the output streaming potential of the solid phase converter (7), an analog amplifier for amplifying the noise filtered streaming potential to the nominal input range of the analog-to-digital converter for converting the streaming potential in analog form to streaming potential in digital form.
9. The multi-ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 1, further comprising a hermetic shell (2) and a base (10), wherein the digital circuit (3), the spiral tube (5), the communicating tube (6), the measuring chamber (14), the solid phase converter (7) and the electrodes are all encapsulated in the hermetic shell (2), and the hermetic shell (2) is mounted on the base (10), wherein the bottom of the base (10) is provided with a mounting groove (11) around the base.
10. A multiple ring liquid ring angular accelerometer according to claim 9, wherein the top of the closed housing (2) is provided with a terminal (1), and the digital circuit (3) draws the processed streaming potential from the terminal (1) to obtain a digital signal indicative of angular acceleration at the terminal (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710512252.6A CN107144706B (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | Multi-ring liquid ring angle accelerometer |
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| CN201710512252.6A CN107144706B (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | Multi-ring liquid ring angle accelerometer |
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| CN107144706B true CN107144706B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110568218B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-09-14 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Angular accelerometer sensitive assembly ring gluing positioning device and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3910123A (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1975-10-07 | Singer Co | Apparatus for the measurement of angular velocity |
| CN2534560Y (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-02-05 | 中国航天科工集团第三研究院第三十三研究所 | Molecular liquid ring type angular accelerometer |
| CN1985178B (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2010-09-08 | 麦特科技公司 | Convective accelerometer |
| CN106324281A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-01-11 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Molecular electronic angle accelerometer electromagnetism conversion unit |
-
2017
- 2017-06-28 CN CN201710512252.6A patent/CN107144706B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3910123A (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1975-10-07 | Singer Co | Apparatus for the measurement of angular velocity |
| CN2534560Y (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-02-05 | 中国航天科工集团第三研究院第三十三研究所 | Molecular liquid ring type angular accelerometer |
| CN1985178B (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2010-09-08 | 麦特科技公司 | Convective accelerometer |
| CN106324281A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-01-11 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Molecular electronic angle accelerometer electromagnetism conversion unit |
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