CN107139455A - A kind of FDM printing stress eliminating devices and its stress-removal Method of printing - Google Patents
A kind of FDM printing stress eliminating devices and its stress-removal Method of printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107139455A CN107139455A CN201710525940.6A CN201710525940A CN107139455A CN 107139455 A CN107139455 A CN 107139455A CN 201710525940 A CN201710525940 A CN 201710525940A CN 107139455 A CN107139455 A CN 107139455A
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- China
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- coolant
- fdm
- print platform
- stress
- printing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of FDM printing stress eliminating devices of FDM printing technique fields and its stress-removal Method of printing, wherein, FDM prints stress eliminating device, including FDM printheads and print platform, carrier fluid case is provided with below print platform, it is provided with temperature control heating part and the constant coolant of liquid level in carrier fluid case, FDM printheads, which successively melt print platform in print procedure on print platform and successively decline and drive the semi-finished product on print platform to be gradually immersed into coolant, to be heat-treated.The FDM printing stress eliminating devices of the present invention, printhead is on stamp pad successively in print procedure, print platform drives the semi-finished product that have printed gradually to submerge in coolant, makes the uniform crystallisation by cooling of cooling technique of the material of melting extrusion by setting in coolant, prevents product from producing internal stress.Therefore the device of the present invention solve inhomogeneous cooling after hot retrospective material molten extrusion it is even and the problem of produce internal stress, and the problems such as product warpage after printing, deformation can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be used to eliminate in the product of hot retrospective file printing the present invention relates to FDM printing technique fields
The method of cancellation element and the stress-removal printing of stress.
Background technology
FDM is melting extrusion deposition modeling, is one kind of 3D printing technique, and it has most important in 3D printing field
Status.The structure of three-dimensional stereo model is realized in the movement that FDM forming techniques rely primarily on printhead and print platform.Whole
During 3D printing, thermoplastic has vital status, is the composition material of whole printer model, FDM shaping skills
The material of art has a lot, such as ABS, PLA, nylon.
It is well known that thermoplastic after melt molding because autogenous shrinkage can produce larger stress, under stress,
Product can be separated with print platform face in print procedure, and this phenomenon is referred to as alice.Found in practice, one length of printing and width
Degree is in more than 500mm product, and alice phenomenon is very serious, or even influences being normally carried out for print procedure, while product exists
Tearing tendency is also very serious during later stage use.
Thermoplastic stress results from two stages, and the first stage, material was because of non-uniform temperature, temperature in melting process
Spend the reasons such as control accuracy is relatively low, exhaust is not smooth and produce higher stress, stress now relies primarily on extrusion machinery control.Second
Stage be thermoplastic crystallisation by cooling during, due to shrink and molecular rearrangement produce stress, if print procedure
In between layers the temperature difference it is larger, cooling rate is inconsistent and produces larger stress, and the stress now produced relies primarily on control
The measures such as material cooling rate, the reduction temperature difference are solved.
In the prior art, in Publication No. CN106363910A patent specification, a kind of 3D printing cooling is disclosed
Device and using the cooling device 3D printer, in the apparatus by increasing airduct, be blowed in print procedure from
And reach the purpose that printed product is quickly cooled down.This device eliminates part stress by the quick cooling of product, but can not
Product stress is thoroughly eliminated, product stress remains unchanged presences, problem of Cracking also still presence caused by stress during use.Can be with
For alleviating product and print platform face separation problem in small sized product print procedure, but to larger product without positive effect.
When air-cooled cooling velocity is very fast simultaneously, adhesive strength reduction between layers can be caused, properties of product are influenceed.
In Publication No. CN106513596A patent specification, a kind of stress of the mould for 3D printing is disclosed
Abatement apparatus, this device solve only the stress that thermoplastic is produced in melting process, and thermoplastic is tied in cooling
The stress produced during crystalline substance can not be eliminated.This problem governs FDM and printed to broader spatial development so that FDM is beaten
Print technology is currently limited to desktop level printing rank, it is impossible to realizes the printing of large scale product and uses, industrial utility value is big
Amplitude reduction.
The content of the invention
The present invention in the prior art be used for hot retrospective material FDM print procedures in extruded stock crystallisation by cooling it is uneven and
The problem of causing product internal stress prints stress eliminating device there is provided a kind of FDM, to control the cooling of product after FDM is printed
Journey, so as to eliminate product cooling crystallization internal stress.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of FDM prints stress eliminating device, including FDM printheads and can rise
It is provided with high provided with temperature control heating part and liquid level in carrier fluid case, the carrier fluid case below the print platform of drop, the print platform
The constant coolant of degree, the FDM printheads successively melt print platform in print procedure on print platform and successively declined simultaneously
Drive the semi-finished product on print platform to be gradually immersed into coolant to be heat-treated.
The FDM printing stress eliminating devices of the present invention, set filling in carrier fluid case, carrier fluid case certain below print platform
The coolant of liquid level, printhead is on stamp pad successively in print procedure, and print platform drives and printed semi-finished product
Gradually submerge in coolant, make the uniform crystallisation by cooling of cooling technique of the material of melting extrusion by setting in coolant, prevent
Product produces internal stress.Therefore to solve inhomogeneous cooling after hot retrospective material molten extrusion even and produce planted agent for the device of the present invention
The problem of power, and the problems such as product warpage after printing, deformation can be prevented.
To ensure in print procedure, liquid level keeps constant during product and print platform gradually submerge coolant,
The tank wall concordant with coolant is provided with level balance mouthful in the carrier fluid case, and the level balance mouthful is received through woven hose and liquid
Header is connected, and the woven hose oral area in the liquid collecting box is provided with liquid send-out pumps.The carrier fluid case of the liquid level constant of the present invention,
During print platform drive product submerges coolant, the coolant that product and print platform are discharged is from level balance mouthful through defeated
Liquid pipe is expelled to liquid collecting box, to keep liquid level in carrier fluid case constant.When a product has been printed, after cooling from load
Take out in liquid case, into subsequent cycle product printing when, by liquid send-out pumps again by liquid fill in carrier fluid case to liquid level
Balance port lower edge, can proceed the print procedure of next product.
For ease of controlling the temperature of coolant, the temperature control heating part includes the heating element heater submerged in coolant, used
In temperature measurer, the temperature controller and temperature detect switch (TDS) for controlling coolant temperature of measurement coolant temperature.
As the improvement of the present invention, the print platform starts the starting altitude of platform upper surface and coolant liquid during printing
The difference in height in face is 10~50mm.The starting altitude of print platform sets certain difference in height with cooling-liquid level, can make just
The preliminary cooling shaping of freshly extruded printing material, the reduction then as print platform height is submerged coolant and uniformly cooled down,
To ensure the size of printed product.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the coolant is one or more kinds of mixed in water, oils or esters
Compound.It can specifically be chosen according to printed material correspondence.
Further to realize that stress-removal is printed, the present invention also offer one kind carries out FDM using above-mentioned stress eliminating device and disappeared
The method of stress printing, specifically includes following process：
S1：Coolant will be injected in carrier fluid case, the liquid level of coolant is reached the lower edge of level balance mouthful, meanwhile, open
Temperature control heating part is opened, coolant is warming up to less than 30-50 DEG C of printed material melting extrusion temperature；
S2:The height of print platform is adjusted, the height for making print platform upper surface be higher by cooling-liquid level is 10~50mm；
S3:FDM printers are opened, the figure that FDM printheads are set by print routine extrudes material melts in print platform
On, one layer is often printed, print platform declines the thickness of a printable layer, is successively printed on print platform and successively declines process
In, the semi-finished product of print platform successively submerge successively carries out isothermal holding in coolant, until completing the printing of whole product simultaneously
The product of printing is all submerged in coolant；
S4：：After the product printed all submerges coolant, product continues to be incubated 5-50min in coolant, then will production
Product are integrally cooled to less than 40 DEG C taking-ups in coolant.
As the further improvement of the inventive method, the coolant is not all water, oils or ester according to printed material
One or more mixtures in class.
It is used as the further improvement of stress-removal Method of printing of the present invention, when the printed material is PLA class materials, cooling
Liquid is oils coolant；When the printed material is ABS class materials, coolant is the single product or mixed liquor of oils and/or esters,
When the printed material is PP, coolant is water.
To ensure the uniform cooling of product and stress-removal after printing, during the S4, coolant with 50-100 DEG C/it is small
When cooling rate be down to 40 DEG C, then during natural cooling room temperature take out product.
To prevent warpage of the product on print platform in cooling procedure, the surface roughness Ra of the print platform is 3
~25.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 prints the structural representation of stress eliminating device for the FDM of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 carrier fluid case；2 coolants；3 heating element heaters；4 woven hoses；5 print platforms；6 FDM printheads；7 temperature controls
Instrument；8 temperature measurers；9 temperature detect switch (TDS)s；10 liquid collecting boxs；11 liquid send-out pumps.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, printing stress eliminating device, including FDM printheads 6 and liftable print platform for the FDM of the present invention
5, the lower section of print platform 5, which is provided with carrier fluid case 1, carrier fluid case 1, is provided with temperature control heating part and the constant coolant 2 of liquid level,
FDM printheads 6 successively melt print platform 5 in print procedure on print platform 5 and successively decline and drive on print platform 5
Semi-finished product are gradually immersed into coolant and are heat-treated.
To ensure in print procedure, product and print platform 5 gradually submerge liquid level holding perseverance during coolant 2
Fixed, the tank wall concordant with coolant 2 is provided with level balance mouthful in carrier fluid case 1, and level balance mouthful is collected through woven hose 4 and liquid
Case 10 is connected, and the woven hose oral area in liquid collecting box 10 is provided with liquid send-out pumps 11.The carrier fluid case of the liquid level constant of the present invention
1, print platform 5 is driven during product submerges coolant 2, and the coolant that product and print platform 5 are discharged is from level balance
Mouth is expelled to liquid collecting box 10 through woven hose 4, to keep liquid level in carrier fluid case 1 constant.When a product has been printed, pass through
Taken out after cooling out of carrier fluid case 1, into subsequent cycle product printing when, by liquid send-out pumps 11 again by carrier fluid case 1
Liquid fill can proceed the print procedure of next product to level balance mouthful lower edge.
For ease of controlling the temperature of coolant, the temperature control heating part of the present embodiment includes the heating submerged in coolant 2
Element 3, for measuring the temperature measurer 8 of the temperature of coolant 2, temperature controller 7 and temperature detect switch (TDS) 8 for controlling coolant temperature.
To make the preliminary cooling shaping of material just extruded, print platform 5 starts of the upper surface of print platform 5 during printing
Begin height and cooling-liquid level difference in height be 10~50mm.In this structure, starting altitude and the coolant 2 of print platform 5
Liquid level sets certain difference in height, can make the preliminary cooling shaping of printing material just extruded, then as print platform height
Reduction submerge coolant and uniformly cooled down, to ensure the size of printed product.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, coolant can be selected in water, oils or esters according to the difference of printed material
One or more kinds of mixtures.
The FDM printing stress eliminating devices of the present invention, set filling one in carrier fluid case 1, carrier fluid case 1 below print platform
Determine the coolant 2 of liquid level, printhead 6 is on print platform 5 successively in print procedure, and print platform 5, which drives, have been printed
The semi-finished product gone out are gradually submerged in coolant 2, make the material of melting extrusion uniformly cold by the cooling technique of setting in coolant
But crystallize, prevent product from producing internal stress.Therefore the device of the present invention solves inhomogeneous cooling after hot retrospective material molten extrusion
It is even and the problem of produce internal stress, and the problems such as product warpage after printing, deformation can be prevented.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides the method that a kind of FDM printing stress eliminating devices of use above-described embodiment carry out stress-removal printing,
Specifically include following process：
S1：The coolant in liquid collecting box 10 is injected into level balance mouthful into carrier fluid case 1 by liquid send-out pumps 11
Lower edge, meanwhile, open temperature control heating part, pre- liquid cooled heat.In the present embodiment, the printed material of FDM printings is ABS, its
The temperature of applicable melt extruded is 180 DEG C~240 DEG C, after the material is extruded through FDM printheads, need to be cooled to 180 DEG C of progress
Preliminary setting, so coolant selects mineral oil in carrier fluid case, its initial preheating temperature is 150 DEG C.
S2:There is certain preliminary fixing time to make just to extrude the material printed, print platform 5 need to be made initial high
Degree and the liquid level of coolant have certain difference in height, therefore, adjust the height of print platform 5, are higher by the upper surface of print platform 5
The height of cooling-liquid level is 10~50mm, in the present embodiment, the temperature difference of print temperature and cooling shaping for ABS materials
And the area of print speed and print area, the difference in height of adjustment print platform 5 and cooling-liquid level is 30mm, to make after printing
Material and the surface of print platform 5 have certain adhesive force, prevent warpage in cooling procedure, print platform need to have certain surface
Roughness, general Ra is 3~25；
S3:FDM printers are opened, the figure that FDM printheads 6 are set by print routine extrudes material melts in print platform 5
On, one layer is often printed, print platform 5 declines the thickness of a printable layer, is successively printed on print platform 5 and successively declines process
In, the semi-finished product of print platform 5 successively submerge in coolant 2 cooling for carrying out product discharge in isothermal holding, carrier fluid case 1 successively
Liquid is discharged into liquid collecting box 10 mouthful through woven hose 4 from level balance, until completing the printing of whole product and by the product of printing
All submerge in coolant 2, during this, the temperature controller of temperature control heating part need to be set as preservation and controlling program, so that cold
But liquid is maintained in the range of the initial preheating temperature set during S1；
S4：After the product printed all submerges coolant 2, product continues to be incubated 20min in coolant, then by product
Integrally be cooled in coolant in 50 DEG C of taking-ups, the present embodiment, the cooling technique used for：First by coolant with 80 DEG C/
Then the cooling velocity of hour makes coolant naturally cool to 25 DEG C, product is taken out out of carrier fluid case again to 40 DEG C.
In the stress-removal Method of printing of the present invention, printed material, the selection of coolant, the setting of initial preheating temperature are not
It is limited to the Choice of above-described embodiment, it is necessary to according to the difference of specific FDM printed products, select different printed materials, then root
Corresponding coolant and preheating insulation technique are chosen according to printed material.In example, when from PLA printed materials, coolant can be with
From vegetable oil, mineral oil, ethyl acetate, trifluoroacetic ethyl acetoacetate, acetic acid dibutyl ester etc..
Claims (10)
1. a kind of FDM prints stress eliminating device, including FDM printheads and liftable print platform, it is characterised in that described
It is provided with below print platform in carrier fluid case, the carrier fluid case and is provided with temperature control heating part and the constant coolant of liquid level, institute
State FDM printheads successively melted on print platform print platform in print procedure successively decline and drive on print platform half
Finished product is gradually immersed into coolant and is heat-treated.
2. FDM according to claim 1 prints stress eliminating device, it is characterised in that in the carrier fluid case and coolant
Concordant tank wall is connected provided with level balance mouthful, the level balance mouthful through woven hose with liquid collecting box, and the liquid is received
Woven hose oral area in header is provided with liquid send-out pumps.
3. FDM according to claim 1 prints stress eliminating device, it is characterised in that the temperature control heating part includes
The heating element heater submerged in coolant, for measuring the temperature measurer of coolant temperature, the temperature controller for controlling coolant temperature
And temperature detect switch (TDS).
4. FDM according to claim 1 prints stress eliminating device, it is characterised in that the print platform starts printing
When worktable upper surface starting altitude and cooling-liquid level difference in height be 10~50mm.
5. FDM according to claim 1 prints stress eliminating device, it is characterised in that the coolant be water, oils or
One or more kinds of mixtures in esters.
6. the method that the stress eliminating device described in a kind of any one of use Claims 1 to 5 carries out FDM stress-removal printings, its
It is characterised by, including following process：
S1：Coolant will be injected in carrier fluid case, the liquid level of coolant is reached the lower edge of level balance mouthful, meanwhile, open
Temperature control heating part is opened, coolant is warming up to less than 30-50 DEG C of printed material melting extrusion temperature；
S2:The height of print platform is adjusted, the height for making print platform upper surface be higher by cooling-liquid level is 10~50mm；
S3:FDM printers are opened, the figure that FDM printheads are set by print routine extrudes material melts in print platform
On, one layer is often printed, print platform declines the thickness of a printable layer, is successively printed on print platform and successively declines process
In, the semi-finished product of print platform successively submerge successively carries out isothermal holding in coolant, until completing the printing of whole product simultaneously
The product of printing is all submerged in coolant；
S4：After the product printed all submerges coolant, product continues to be incubated 5-50min in coolant, then will production
Product are integrally cooled to less than 40 DEG C taking-ups in coolant.
7. the method for FDM stress-removals printing according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the coolant is according to printing material
What is expected is not all one or more mixtures in water, oils or esters.
8. the method for FDM stress-removals printing according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the printed material is PLA class materials
During material, coolant is oils coolant；When the printed material is ABS class materials, coolant is single product of oils and/or esters
Or mixed liquor, when the printed material is PP, coolant is water.
9. the method for FDM stress-removals according to claim 8 printing, it is characterised in that during the S4, coolant with
50-100 DEG C/h of cooling rate is down to 40 DEG C, and then room temperature takes out product during natural cooling.
10. the method for FDM stress-removals printing according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the surface of the print platform is thick
Rugosity Ra is 3~25.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710525940.6A CN107139455A (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2017-06-30 | A kind of FDM printing stress eliminating devices and its stress-removal Method of printing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710525940.6A CN107139455A (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2017-06-30 | A kind of FDM printing stress eliminating devices and its stress-removal Method of printing |
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| CN107139455A true CN107139455A (en) | 2017-09-08 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2019109205A1 (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2019-06-13 | 东莞远铸智能科技有限公司 | 3d printing method for crystalline polymer, and 3d printer |
| CN110202807A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-09-06 | 空中客车防务和空间有限责任公司 | For the method for pipeline body of the application 3D printing manufacture with reduced internal stress and with the pipeline body of reduced internal stress |
| CN112692282A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-23 | 安徽工程大学 | Metal component 3D printing system capable of eliminating stress |
| CN113370532A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-10 | 天津大学 | Temperature control system and method for fused deposition modeling 3D printing |
| AT524395A1 (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2022-04-15 | Georg Melzer Venturi Dipl Ing | Process and device for 3D printing of three-dimensional structures |
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Application publication date: 20170908 |
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