CN107130205B - Environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107130205B CN107130205B CN201710305421.9A CN201710305421A CN107130205B CN 107130205 B CN107130205 B CN 107130205B CN 201710305421 A CN201710305421 A CN 201710305421A CN 107130205 B CN107130205 B CN 107130205B
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/48—Nitriding
- C23C8/50—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ (quench-Polish-quench) process and a preparation method and application thereof3(CNO)385%‑100%、Na2SO40%‑5%、CeCO30-5 percent of KCl and 0-5 percent of sodium chloride. The formula takes cyanuric acid as a main component, simultaneously introduces rare earth salt as an activating component, introduces sulfate as an oxidizing component, and introduces potassium salt to balance ion ratio. The regenerated salt does not generate ammonia gas to release in the using process, does not pollute the environment, can ensure that the toxic cyanide substances of the nitriding salt bath are in trace content, and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of QPQ regenerated salt processing, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly regenerated salt for a QPQ process and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The QPQ process treatment technology is a liquid nitriding technology, and active nitrogen atoms [ N ] are provided by nitriding salt in a molten state to permeate into the surface of the iron base to form a hard and compact iron-nitrogen compound, so that the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the iron base material can be greatly improved. The technology enters China from the 90 s, is rapidly developed, and is developed into a widely-applied and basic iron-based metal surface treatment process at home at present.
The core of QPQ technology is the QPQ process salts, including nitride, regenerator, and oxide salts. The nitride salt provides a nitride salt bath base medium, and the oxide salt provides an oxide salt bath base medium. The regenerated salt is used for adjusting and recovering the nitriding activity of the nitriding salt bath and mainly plays a role in improving the cyanate content of the nitriding salt bath. The regenerated salt plays a very critical role in stabilizing the quality of the QPQ process and is one of the core materials of the QPQ process. The excellent regenerated salt formula not only can meet the physical and chemical index requirements of products, but also is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
The conventional QPQ regenerated salt is prepared by mixing urea as a main component and other lossy components in proportion, for example, QPQ regenerated salt (adjusting salt) of Chengdu research institute. The regenerated salt of the component has the advantages of low cost; the disadvantages are that the ammonia release amount is large and the environment is polluted seriously, and the yield is low and the consumption is large when the regenerated salt is used. The reaction principle of ammonia release when using the traditional urea type regenerating salt is as follows:
as shown in the reaction equation, the reaction of urea with the carbonate of the nitrogenated salt gives cyanate ions, but at the same time releases a large amount of ammonia.
The invention with the patent application number of 201510894920.7 provides a rare earth formula salt for a deep QPQ technology and a rare earth formula salt thereofThe preparation method comprises the following steps of: 30-50 parts of CO (NH)2)210-30 parts of K2CO310-30 parts of Na2CO35-15 parts of NH4Cl, 1-5 parts of K2SO31-5 parts of La2(CO3)33-7 parts of BeOH. The rare earth formula salt used by the invention also takes urea as a main raw material, and a large amount of ammonia gas can be generated in the using process to pollute the environment.
The invention with the patent application number of 201010188211.4 provides a nitridized salt for liquid nitriding, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: CO (NH)2)230％～50％，Na2CO310％～20％，K2CO310％～20％，NaCL 20％～25％，K2SO31％～3％，CeCO31％～3％，LiOH5Percent to 10 percent. The invention expands the use temperature of the existing nitride salt, can carry out deep QPQ nitriding process treatment on medium-low carbon steel with a compound layer of more than 30 mu m, and can also generate a large amount of ammonia gas and pollute the environment in the use process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of ammonia pollution in the adding and using process of the existing QPQ regenerated salt, the invention provides environment-friendly regenerated salt for the QPQ process, which comprises the following components of H according to mass3(CNO)385％-100％、Na2SO40％-5％、CeCO30-5 percent of KCl and 0-5 percent of sodium chloride. The environment-friendly regenerated salt takes cyanuric acid as a main component, simultaneously introduces rare earth salt as an activating component, introduces sulfate as an oxidizing component, and introduces sylvite to balance ion ratio, wherein H is3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3And KCl is industrial grade.
Preferably, the formula composition is H by mass3(CNO)385％、Na2SO45％、CeCO35％、KCl 5％。
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the amount is determined by massThe formula comprises H3(CNO)390％、Na2SO43％、CeCO34％、K Cl 3％。
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the formula composition is H by mass3(CNO)395％、Na2SO41％、CeCO33％、KCl 1％。
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the formula composition is H by mass3(CNO)3100％、Na2SO40％、CeCO30％、KCl 0％。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt for the QPQ process, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3KCl is uniformly mixed according to the formula proportion;
(2) baking: baking the prepared raw material salt;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape;
(4) packaging: packaging the raw salt formed by pressing into a customized finished product packaging bag.
Preferably, the temperature for baking in the step (2) is 200-350 ℃, and the baking time is 1.0-4.0 hours.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the baking temperature in the step (2) is 220 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the baking time is 2.0 to 3.0 hours.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the baking temperature in the step (2) is 250 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the baking time is 2.2 hours to 2.5 hours.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the baking temperature in the step (2) is 280 ℃ and the baking time is 2.4 hours.
In any of the above schemes, preferably, the prepared raw salt is put into an oven for baking in the step (2).
The invention also provides an application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt for the QPQ process, wherein in a proper temperature range, when 1% of environment-friendly regenerated salt is added into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, the cyanate concentration is increased by about 0.6-0.9%, the addition amount is selected according to the requirement, and meanwhile, environment-friendly air draft equipment is started.
Preferably, the suitable temperature range is 480-650 ℃, that is, the environment-friendly regenerated salt is added under the condition that the temperature of the nitriding salt bath is 480-650 ℃.
Preferably in any of the above schemes, the suitable temperature range is 500 ℃ to 630 ℃.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the environment-friendly regenerating salt is directly added to the salt bath and added in a small amount multiple times.
The action and reaction principle of the components of the invention are as follows:
1、H3(CNO)3mainly used for recovering the concentration of cyanate ions: h3(CNO)3The reaction with carbonate ions in the nitride salt generates carbon dioxide and water, no ammonia gas is released in the reaction process, the environment is not polluted, and the reaction equation is as follows:
2、Na2SO4the additive is used for supplementing the oxidizing components in the salt bath, and has the effects of inhibiting the concentration of cyanide ions in the nitriding salt bath and reducing the toxicity of the salt bath: sulfate ion SO42-Decomposing active oxygen atoms in the salt bath, and reacting the active oxygen atoms with cyanide ions in the salt bath to generate cyanate ions. One of the inherent environmental hazards of the QPQ process nitriding salt bath is that the salt bath can automatically decompose virulent cyanide ions, and in the use process of QPQ industrial salt provided by some mechanisms, the content of the cyanide ions in the salt bath can reach 6-7 percent, even 10 percent, which has huge environmental risks. Na of the invention2SO4The components can ensure that the concentration of cyanide ions in the nitriding salt bath is in a trace content, thereby ensuring that the nitriding salt bath is nontoxic in the using process. The reaction equation is as follows:
decomposing toxic cyanide ions from cyanic acid in the nitridized salt bath:
decomposing the sulfate ions of the regenerated salt into active oxygen atoms:
the cyanide is oxidized and consumed by active oxygen atoms:
sulfate radical [ SO ]4]The component is continuously decomposed and consumed in the nitriding salt bath, so that the cyanide [ CN ] in the production process of the nitriding salt bath can be ensured by continuously adding the component into the salt bath through a regenerated salt-％]The content is in a trace state.
3、CeCO3The rare earth cerium ions are rare earth additives, have special chemical activity and can participate in the reaction process to play a role in promoting the QPQ nitridation reaction. At present, the rare earth permeation mechanism is not fully known, but two points are well recognized, wherein one part of rare earth ions react with workpiece surface covering materials, oxides and the like to play a role in cleaning the surface of a workpiece, and the other part of rare earth ions firstly permeate into the surface of the workpiece, and because the rare earth is a large atom substance, a channel is formed after permeation, and subsequent nitrogen atoms can further permeate along the channel. Therefore, rare earth materials are consumed in the production process, and a trace amount of supplement in the regenerated salt is necessary, so that a long-acting permeation catalysis effect can be ensured.
4. KCl is mainly used to balance the concentration content of the carbonate anions introduced in the cerium carbonate and the sodium cations introduced in the sodium sulfate. The anions and cations in the nitriding salt bath have a relatively fixed range of ion concentration ratios. The excessive sodium cation and carbonate anion are introduced into the formula, so that the ion concentration ratio must be balanced by potassium cation and chloride anion in equal proportion, and KCL is selected in the invention.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ (quench-Polish-quench) process and a preparation method and application thereof. The salt has the following beneficial effects in use:
1. the consumption of the regenerated salt is half of that of the traditional regenerated salt when the regenerated salt is added and used, and the yield of the cyanate is about one time higher than that of the traditional urea type regenerated salt;
2. the regenerated salt only generates water vapor and carbon dioxide in the using process, does not release irritant gases such as ammonia and the like, does not pollute the environment, and is environment-friendly;
3. the regenerated salt is environment-friendly and nontoxic when in use, and can reduce the content of toxic components in the nitriding salt bath: the regenerated salt contains a component for decomposing cyanide ions of the nitride salt, and can control the content of cyanide (toxic component) in the nitride salt bath to be in a trace content (less than 0.5 percent), thereby playing a role in ensuring environmental protection and no toxicity in the production process, and the common regenerated salt does not have the function;
4. the invention has long-acting and stable infiltration acceleration effect on nitriding: the regenerated salt contains the CeCO3 component, can supplement the consumption of the activating agent of the nitriding salt bath, and can ensure the long-acting and stable catalytic infiltration effect of the nitriding salt bath;
5. the regenerated salt of the invention has good stability in long-term use and low cost: the regenerated salt contains a component for correcting the change of the ion concentration, and the proportion of the concentration of anions and cations in the nitriding salt bath can be stabilized within a set range after the regenerated salt is used for a long time, so that the stability of the nitriding salt bath in long-term use is improved.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments.
The invention provides an environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ (quench-Polish-quench) process, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass3(CNO)385％-100％、Na2SO40％-5％、CeCO30％-5％、KCl 0％-5％。
The preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3KCl is uniformly mixed according to the formula proportion;
(2) baking: baking: and (3) putting the prepared raw material salt into an oven for baking.
Baking process: baking for 1.0-4.0 hours at 200-350 ℃;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape.
(4) Packaging: packaging the raw salt formed by pressing into a customized finished product packaging bag.
The application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) the addition amount calculation method comprises the following steps: adding 1 percent of regenerated salt into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, wherein the cyanate concentration is increased by about 0.6 to 0.9 percent.
(2) Addition temperature: the temperature of the nitriding salt bath can be added and used under the temperature condition of 480-650 ℃.
(3) The adding method comprises the following steps: the regenerated salt can be directly added into the nitriding salt bath, and the principle of adding a small amount of regenerated salt for many times is followed.
(4) Environmental protection and matching: the regenerated salt is not exploded when added, no ammonia is released, and the adding process is safe and environment-friendly theoretically. However, steam and carbon dioxide gas are released in the adding process, so that the environment-friendly air draft equipment is started during adding.
Example 1.1
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)385％、Na2SO45％、CeCO35％、KCl 5％。
In the using process, the reaction principle of each component is as follows:
1、H3(CNO)3mainly used for recovering the concentration of cyanate ions: h3(CNO)3The reaction with carbonate ions in the nitride salt generates carbon dioxide and water, no ammonia gas is released in the reaction process, the environment is not polluted, and the reaction equation is as follows:
2、Na2SO4the additive is used for supplementing the oxidizing components in the salt bath, and has the effects of inhibiting the concentration of cyanide ions in the nitriding salt bath and reducing the toxicity of the salt bath: sulfate ion SO42-Decomposing active oxygen atoms in the salt bath, and reacting the active oxygen atoms with cyanide ions in the salt bath to generate cyanate ions. One of the inherent environmental hazards of the QPQ process nitriding salt bath is that the salt bath itself can automatically decompose highly toxic cyanide ions, and in the use of QPQ industrial salts provided by some mechanisms, the content of the cyanide ions in the salt bath can be as high as 6 to 7%, even as high as 10%, which is a huge environmental risk. Na of the invention2SO4The components can ensure that the concentration of cyanide ions in the nitriding salt bath is in a trace content, thereby ensuring that the nitriding salt bath is nontoxic in the using process. The reaction equation is as follows:
decomposing toxic cyanide ions from cyanic acid in the nitridized salt bath:
decomposing the sulfate ions of the regenerated salt into active oxygen atoms:
the cyanide is oxidized and consumed by active oxygen atoms:
sulfate radical [ SO ]4]The component is continuously decomposed and consumed in the nitriding salt bath, so that the cyanide [ CN ] in the production process of the nitriding salt bath can be ensured by continuously adding the component into the salt bath through a regenerated salt-％]The content is in a trace state.
3、CeCO3The rare earth cerium ions are rare earth additives, have special chemical activity and can participate in the reaction process to play a role in promoting the QPQ nitridation reaction. At present, the rare earth permeation mechanism is not fully known, but two points are well recognized, wherein one part of rare earth ions react with workpiece surface covering materials, oxides and the like to play a role in cleaning the surface of a workpiece, and the other part of rare earth ions firstly permeate into the surface of the workpiece, and because the rare earth is a large atom substance, a channel is formed after permeation, and subsequent nitrogen atoms can further permeate along the channel. The rare earth species are therefore consumed during the production process and it is necessary to make up traces of regenerating salts.
4. KCl is mainly used to balance the concentration content of the carbonate anions introduced in the cerium carbonate and the sodium cations introduced in the sodium sulfate. The anions and cations in the nitriding salt bath have a relatively fixed range of ion concentration ratios. The excessive sodium cation and carbonate anion are introduced into the formula, so that the ion concentration ratio must be balanced by potassium cation and chloride anion in equal proportion, and KCL is selected in the invention.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3KCl is uniformly mixed according to the formula proportion;
(2) baking: baking: and (3) putting the prepared raw material salt into an oven for baking.
Baking process: baking at 220 deg.C for 3.5 hr;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape.
(4) Packaging: packaging the raw salt formed by pressing into a customized finished product packaging bag.
The application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) the addition amount calculation method comprises the following steps: adding 1 percent of regenerated salt into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, wherein the cyanate concentration is increased by about 0.6 to 0.9 percent.
(2) Addition temperature: the solution is added and used under the condition that the temperature of a nitriding salt bath is 500 ℃.
(3) The adding method comprises the following steps: the regenerated salt can be directly added into the nitriding salt bath, and the principle of adding a small amount of regenerated salt for many times is followed.
(4) Environmental protection and matching: the regenerated salt is not exploded when added, no ammonia is released, and the adding process is safe and environment-friendly theoretically. However, steam and carbon dioxide gas are released in the adding process, so that the environment-friendly air draft equipment is started during adding.
Example 2
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)390％、Na2SO43％、CeCO34％、KCl 3％。
The preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3KCl is uniformly mixed according to the formula proportion;
(2) baking: baking: and (3) putting the prepared raw material salt into an oven for baking.
Baking process: baking at 260 ℃ for 2 hours;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape.
(4) Packaging: packaging the raw salt formed by pressing into a customized finished product packaging bag.
The application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) the addition amount calculation method comprises the following steps: adding 1 percent of regenerated salt into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, wherein the cyanate concentration is increased by about 0.6 to 0.9 percent.
(2) Addition temperature: the solution was added and used at 520 ℃ in the nitriding salt bath.
(3) The adding method comprises the following steps: the regenerated salt can be directly added into the nitriding salt bath, and the principle of adding a small amount of regenerated salt for many times is followed.
(4) Environmental protection and matching: the regenerated salt is not exploded when added, no ammonia is released, and the adding process is safe and environment-friendly theoretically. However, steam and carbon dioxide gas are released in the adding process, so that the environment-friendly air draft equipment is started during adding.
Example 3
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)395％、Na2SO41％、CeCO33％、KCl 1％。
The preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3KCl is uniformly mixed according to the formula proportion;
(2) baking: baking: and (3) putting the prepared raw material salt into an oven for baking.
Baking process: baking at 280 deg.C for 3.2 hr;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape.
(4) Packaging: packaging the raw salt formed by pressing into a customized finished product packaging bag.
The application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) the addition amount calculation method comprises the following steps: adding 1 percent of regenerated salt into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, wherein the cyanate concentration is increased by about 0.6 to 0.9 percent.
(2) Addition temperature: the solution is added and used under the condition that the temperature of a nitriding salt bath is 560 ℃.
(3) The adding method comprises the following steps: the regenerated salt can be directly added into the nitriding salt bath, and the principle of adding a small amount of regenerated salt for many times is followed.
(4) Environmental protection and matching: the regenerated salt is not exploded when added, no ammonia is released, and the adding process is safe and environment-friendly theoretically. However, steam and carbon dioxide gas are released in the adding process, so that the environment-friendly air draft equipment is started during adding.
Example 4
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)3100％、Na2SO40％、CeCO30％、KCl 0％。
The regenerated salt has the beneficial effects of low consumption, environmental protection, no ammonia gas emission and no air pollution. However, this example did not inhibit cyanide ions in the nitriding salt bath, and did not promote the permeation rate of the nitriding salt bath.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3Mixing uniformly;
(2) baking: baking: and (3) putting the prepared raw material salt into an oven for baking.
Baking process: baking at 320 deg.C for 3.5 hr;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape.
(4) Packaging: packaging the raw salt formed by pressing into a customized finished product packaging bag.
The application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
(1) the addition amount calculation method comprises the following steps: adding 1 percent of regenerated salt into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, wherein the cyanate concentration is increased by about 0.6 to 0.9 percent.
(2) Addition temperature: the solution is added and used under the condition that the temperature of a nitriding salt bath is 510 ℃.
(3) The adding method comprises the following steps: the regenerated salt can be directly added into the nitriding salt bath, and the principle of adding a small amount of regenerated salt for many times is followed.
(4) Environmental protection and matching: the regenerated salt is not exploded when added, no ammonia is released, and the adding process is safe and environment-friendly theoretically. However, steam and carbon dioxide gas are released in the adding process, so that the environment-friendly air draft equipment is started during adding.
Example 5
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)387％、Na2SO44％、CeCO35％、KCl4％。
Example 6
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)388％、Na2SO44％、CeCO34％、KCl 4％。
Example 7
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)389％、Na2SO44％、CeCO33％、KCl 4％。
Example 8
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)391％、Na2SO43％、CeCO33％、KCl 3％。
Example 9
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)392％、Na2SO42％、CeCO34％、KCl 2％。
Example 10
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)393％、Na2SO42％、CeCO33％、KCl 2。
Example 11
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)394％、Na2SO42％、CeCO32％、KCl 2％。
Example 12
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)396％、Na2SO41％、CeCO32％、KCl 1％。
Example 13
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)397％、Na2SO41％、CeCO31％、KCl 1％。
Example 14
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)398％、Na2SO40.5％、CeCO31％、KCl 0.5％。
Example 15
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)398.5％、Na2SO40.5％、CeCO30.5％、KCl 0.5％。
Example 16
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)398％、Na2SO40.5％、CeCO31％、KCl 0.5％。
Example 17
An environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, which takes cyanuric acid as a main component and has the formula composition of H by mass3(CNO)385-100% and no other optional components (including at least Na)2SO4、CeCO3KCl) or containing 1 or more kinds of 15-0%.
In this example, as long as it contains H3(CNO)3And the content is 85-100%, namely within the requirement of the embodiment.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process takes cyanuric acid as main component, and is characterized in that: the formula composition is H by mass3(CNO)385%、 Na2SO45%、CeCO35% and KCl 5%, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing: h is to be3(CNO)3、Na2SO4、CeCO3KCl is uniformly mixed according to the formula proportion;
(2) baking: baking the prepared raw material salt;
(3) pressing: putting the baked powdery raw material salt into a press to be pressed into a required shape;
(4) packaging: the application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt comprises the following steps:
A. the addition amount calculation method comprises the following steps: adding 1% of regenerated salt into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, wherein the concentration of cyanate is increased by 0.6% -0.9%;
B. addition temperature: adding the mixture under the condition that the temperature of a nitriding salt bath is from 480 ℃ to 650 ℃;
C. the adding method comprises the following steps: directly adding the mixture into a nitriding salt bath according to the principle of a small amount of times;
D. in the adding process, water vapor and carbon dioxide gas are released, so that the environment-friendly air draft equipment is started during adding.
2. The method for preparing environment-friendly regenerating salt for QPQ process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature for baking in the step (2) is 200-350 ℃, and the baking time is 1.0-4.0 hours.
3. The method for preparing environment-friendly regenerating salt for QPQ process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature during baking in the step (2) is 220-300 ℃, and the baking time is 2.0-3.0 hours.
4. The method for preparing environment-friendly regenerating salt for QPQ process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature for baking in the step (2) is 250-300 ℃, and the baking time is 2.2-2.5 hours.
5. The method for preparing environment-friendly regenerating salt for QPQ process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the baking temperature in the step (2) is 280 ℃, and the baking time is 2.4 hours.
6. The method for preparing environment-friendly regenerating salt for QPQ process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) putting the prepared raw material salt into an oven for baking in the step (2).
7. The application method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt obtained by the preparation method of the environment-friendly regenerated salt for QPQ process, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in a proper temperature range, when 1% of environment-friendly regenerated salt is added into the nitriding salt bath according to the mass ratio, the concentration of cyanate rises by 0.6% -0.9%, the addition amount is selected according to needs, and meanwhile, environment-friendly air draft equipment is started.
8. The method for using environment-friendly regenerating salt as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the proper temperature range is 480-650 ℃, namely, the environment-friendly regenerated salt is added under the condition that the temperature of the nitriding salt bath is 480-650 ℃.
9. The method for using environment-friendly regenerating salt as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the suitable temperature range is 500-630 ℃.
10. The method for using environment-friendly regenerating salt as claimed in claim 7, wherein: when adding, the environment-friendly regenerated salt is directly added into the nitriding salt bath and added according to the principle of a small amount of times.
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| CN102220553A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-10-19 | 四川大学 | Nitride salt for low temperature salt bath nitriding of stainless steel |
| CN106319438A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 | Rare earth catalytic permeation QPQ composition and method for manufacturing high-speed cutting tool by QPQ process |
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| CN102220553A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-10-19 | 四川大学 | Nitride salt for low temperature salt bath nitriding of stainless steel |
| CN106319438A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 | Rare earth catalytic permeation QPQ composition and method for manufacturing high-speed cutting tool by QPQ process |
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