CN107129251B - Curing agent for treating soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation and treatment method - Google Patents

Curing agent for treating soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation and treatment method Download PDF

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CN107129251B
CN107129251B CN201710346215.2A CN201710346215A CN107129251B CN 107129251 B CN107129251 B CN 107129251B CN 201710346215 A CN201710346215 A CN 201710346215A CN 107129251 B CN107129251 B CN 107129251B
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explosive
curing agent
foundation
soil
soft soil
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CN107129251A (en
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田田
姚小波
张艳军
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MCC Wukan Engineering Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan Surveying Geotechnical Research Institute Co Ltd of MCC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density

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  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a curing agent for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation and a treatment method. According to the invention, a drilling machine is used for drilling a hole in a soft soil foundation to be reinforced, and a curing agent and an explosive charge are placed, after the explosive is detonated, the impact force of the explosive enables the soil structure in the foundation to be reinforced to be rearranged, and meanwhile, the curing agent is diffused into soil particles, so that the purpose of reinforcement is achieved through the reaction and mutual combination of the curing agent and the soft soil; wherein the curing agent is prepared by mixing 30-40% of blast furnace granulated slag, 30-40% of steel slag, 20-30% of fly ash, 0-10% of phosphogypsum and 0-10% of carbide slag in percentage by weight. The invention can effectively shorten the construction period and has wide application range; the curing agent added in the blasting is beneficial to solving the problem of industrial waste residue, reduces the using amount of cement, reduces the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide and the like, and achieves the strategic guidelines of improving the environment, saving energy, reducing emission and realizing sustainable development.

Description

Curing agent for treating soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation and treatment method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of foundation treatment, and particularly relates to a curing agent for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation and a treatment method.
Background
Soft soil is easy to deform due to large pore ratio, high water content, low strength and difficult to meet engineering requirements, so that the soft soil needs to be reinforced when meeting the soil in engineering construction.
The common methods for treating soft soil foundation by drainage and reinforcement at present include surcharge preloading, vacuum preloading and the like, and the methods usually comprise the following steps: the vertical and horizontal drainage channels are arranged in the soft soil foundation, then the additional stacking is arranged at the upper part of the soft soil address to be reinforced to increase the additional pressure, so that the hyperstatic pore water pressure is formed in the soil body, the drainage channels accelerate the dissipation of the pore water pressure, and free water in the soil is discharged from the drainage channels, so that the water content of the soil body is reduced. The pre-pressing load generally adopts methods of filling earth and stone or adopting vacuum pre-pressing and the like, so the required construction period is long and the construction cost is high; and the conventional method for reinforcing the soft soil foundation by overload preloading needs a large amount of earthwork, and is often limited in plain areas with scarce earthwork.
The chemical reinforcement method is also a common method for reinforcing soft soil foundation, measures such as pressure grouting or mixing are adopted to enable soil body particles to be cemented, the purpose of reinforcing soil is achieved, common reinforcement materials are cement and lime, the two materials not only consume a large amount of resources and energy sources, but also release a large amount of carbon dioxide in the production process, and the method does not accord with the environmental protection concept advocated by the state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a curing agent for treating soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation and a treatment method thereof according to the defects of the prior art, the invention separates out pore water in the soil body by utilizing vibration and impact generated by blasting and compression waves generated along with gas expansion, the pore water is led out through a drainage channel, and meanwhile, the curing agent is added for blasting, which is more beneficial to the reinforcement of the soft soil foundation, thereby greatly improving the construction efficiency and the construction speed; the curing agent is prepared from industrial waste residues, so that the problem of the industrial waste residues is solved, the consumption of cement is reduced, the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide is reduced, and the strategic guidelines of improving the environment, saving energy, reducing emission and realizing sustainable development are achieved.
The invention provides a curing agent for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation, which is characterized by comprising the following substances in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0001296535240000021
the curing agent prepared by mixing the substances is powdery, and the specific surface area of powder particles is 300-600 m2/kg。
The invention provides a method for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) determining the area of a region to be reinforced, arranging vertical and horizontal drainage channels in soft soil of the region to be reinforced, arranging the vertical drainage channels on a plane according to grids, penetrating through a soft soil layer in the vertical direction, laying a horizontal sand cushion blind ditch and a water collection well on the surface of the soft soil layer, and connecting the horizontal drainage channels with the vertical drainage channels;
(2) respectively drilling a plurality of blast holes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in the soft soil foundation to be reinforced from deep to shallow by using a drilling machine, wherein the plurality of blast holes in the horizontal direction are dispersedly arranged between the vertical drainage channels, and a curing agent and an explosive charge are put into each blast hole; the curing agent is prepared from the following substances in percentage by weight: 30-40% of blast furnace water granulated slag, 30-40% of steel slag, 20-30% of fly ash, 0-10% of phosphogypsum and 0-10% of carbide slag are mixed to prepare a powdery curing agent;
(3) the explosive charges in each layer of blast hole are detonated in sequence from bottom to top, the soil body structure in the foundation to be reinforced is rearranged due to the impact force of the explosive, and meanwhile, the curing agent is diffused into the soil body particles and is reacted with the soft soil to be combined with each other, so that the purpose of reinforcement is achieved.
The invention further provides the technical scheme that: before the drainage channel is buried in the step (1), the area to be processed needs to be partitioned and isolated, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) dividing a reinforcement area according to the thickness of soft soil of a foundation field to be reinforced according to geological survey data, and arranging vibration isolation devices between the boundary of the foundation field to be reinforced and different partitions of the foundation field to be reinforced; the vibration isolation device can adopt an underground diaphragm wall, a vibration isolation ditch, a rubber wall and the like;
(2) according to the soil layer parameters, geological conditions, blast hole size, explosive density in single explosive package, explosive explosion velocity and shock wave velocity generated by explosion obtained by surveying and testing, calculating the radius r of the damage area of the explosive package in each explosion hole to the surrounding soil body after explosion2And according to the radius r of the damaged area2Determining the space between the vertical drainage channels, wherein the space between the vertical drainage channels is more than or equal to two times of the radius r of the damaged area2(ii) a Wherein the radius r of the damaged area2Is calculated from equation ①:
Figure BDA0001296535240000031
the parameters in equation ① are expressed as ρmIs the density of the soil body D0Is the velocity of the shock wave, peIs the density of the explosive, DeThe explosive is used for the detonation velocity of the explosive,
Figure BDA0001296535240000032
is the soil friction angle, c is the soil cohesion, r0The radius of the blast hole is;
(3) and preparing a vertical drainage channel according to the thickness of the soft soil in the partition of the foundation field to be reinforced, and ensuring that the depth of the vertical drainage channel can penetrate through the depth of the soft soil foundation to be reinforced.
The invention further provides the technical scheme that: in the step (2), the blast holes are drilled in a layered mode, the blast holes on the same plane are arranged in a quincunx mode, and the hole distance is 1-8 m; and after the firming agent and the explosive charge in each layer of blasting holes are embedded, the explosive charges in each blasting hole are detonated one by one from one side.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: and (3) in the step (2), the addition amount of the curing agent in each blast hole accounts for 4-15% of the soil mass of the explosive charge explosion cavity expansion area in the blast hole.
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the main chemical components of the curing agent of the blast furnace granulated slag are CaO and SiO2And Al2O3The main chemical components of the steel slag are CaO and SiO2The main chemical component of the fly ash is SiO2And Al2O3(ii) a The specific surface area of the powder particles of each substance is controlled to be 300-600 m2/kg。
The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the explosive in each blast hole is a strip-shaped explosive, the cavity expanding area of each explosive is a circular area, and the radius r of the cavity expanding area of each explosive is1Calculated according to equation ②:
Figure BDA0001296535240000041
the parameters in equation ② are expressed as σ0Is the initial stress of the wall of the blast hole, rhomIs the density of the soil body D0Is the velocity of the shock wave, r2The radius of the damage area to the surrounding soil mass after the explosive charge in each blast hole explodes can be calculated by the formula ①.
References to the above formulaThe number of soil property parameters (rho)m、c、
Figure BDA0001296535240000042
) Explosive property parameter (p)e、De) Explosive and soil interaction parameter (D)0、r0) The soil property parameters can be selected according to a geological survey report; for the explosive property parameters, the explosive property parameters can be selected according to the types of the explosives; the interaction parameters of the explosive and the soil body can be taken according to relevant specifications.
The above calculation formula is obtained from the elastoplasticity estimation (forest energy, luemin, huwei) of the radius of the strip-shaped charge blasting cavitation cavity disclosed in the report of geotechnical engineering, volume 1, 25, 2003, and in this paper, it is indicated that when the explosive explodes in the soil, due to the sudden expansion of the explosive gas product, shock waves and stress waves are generated in the peripheral cut-off, when the pressure of the explosive shock waves or stress wave front is greater than the strength of the soil body, the solid particles in the soil body generate displacement in the same direction as the propagation direction of the shock waves, the gas in the soil body is compressed and escaped, the moisture is squeezed out, and a cavity is formed around the explosive package. The explosion extrusion cavity forming means that the available underground space is formed in the underground soil layer by using the energy of explosive explosion. Digging a powder charge space with a certain size underground, arranging the explosive in the powder charge space according to a certain shape, compressing a medium in a certain area around by utilizing the strong action of shock waves and the high-speed expansion action of high-pressure explosive gas after explosion to form an explosion cavity expansion area with a certain shape and specification, wherein the cavity expansion area is an affected area after the explosive package is exploded; it is assumed in the literature that, under the action of an explosive shock wave, a plastic region (i.e. a damaged region in the context of the invention) is first formed in the soil medium surrounding the borehole, with a radius r2And give r2A derivation process of a calculation formula; in this publication, the explosive expansion radius r is disclosed1Radius r of plastic region2The formula is also demonstrated by corresponding test data obtained by field blasting tests, and the test results and the formula ②The calculation result is good in coincidence, and the estimation formula is proved to be reasonable.
Besides the method, the area of the soil damage area after the explosive charges explode can be determined through multiple tests, so that the burying interval of the explosive charges and the arrangement interval of the vertical drainage channels are determined, the adjacent vertical drainage channels cannot be damaged when each explosive charge explodes, and the whole area to be reinforced can be well treated.
The invention firstly uses a drilling machine to drill a hole on the soft soil foundation to be reinforced, and places a curing agent and an explosive package, after the explosive is detonated, the impact force of the explosive makes the soil structure in the foundation to be reinforced rearranged, and simultaneously the curing agent is diffused to the middle of the soil particles, and the curing agent and the soil particles are mutually combined through the reaction, thereby achieving the purpose of reinforcement.
The curing agent is a mixture consisting of various industrial residues, wherein the main chemical components of the blast furnace granulated slag comprise CaO and SiO2And Al2O3The steel slag comprises CaO and SiO2The chemical component of the fly ash comprises SiO2And Al2O3All are accessible at Ca (OH)2The industrial waste residue is hydrolyzed under the action to generate cementitious hydrate; the phosphogypsum and the curing agent neutralize the aluminum-containing component in the soil to hydrate to generate expansive hydrate, and the expansive hydrate can be filled in pores to compact the soft soil structure; the carbide slag is used for supplementing high-alkalinity waste slag and plays an auxiliary role in reinforcing a soft soil structure. The curing agent prepared by the invention is beneficial to solving the problem of industrial waste residue, reduces the consumption of cement, reduces the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide and the like, and achieves the strategic guidelines of improving the environment, saving energy, reducing emission and realizing sustainable development.
The invention utilizes the vibration and impact generated by blasting and the compression wave generated along with the expansion of gas to separate out pore water in the soil body, the pore water is led out through the drainage channel, and meanwhile, the blasting is carried out by adding the curing agent, which is more beneficial to the reinforcement of soft soil foundation, thereby greatly improving the construction efficiency and the construction speed. The invention is not only suitable for shallow soil bodies, but also suitable for deep soft soil, and because the deep hole drilling in the soft foundation is easy to realize, the explosive can be placed at the required position and the required depth, and the invention has good advantages for the engineering with short construction period and deeper treatment depth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a zone of influence segmentation under the effect of an explosion;
FIG. 2 is a plot of a foundation site to be consolidated;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional layout of the blastholes and drainage channels within the consolidation zone;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the blastholes and drainage channels in the consolidation zone.
In the figure: 1-blast hole, 2-expansion area, 3-damage area, 4-vibration area, 5-flexible vibration isolation device, 6-rigid vibration isolation device, 7-horizontal drainage channel, 8-vertical drainage channel, and 9-soft soil foundation to be reinforced.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
The curing agent for treating the soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation in the invention is composed of the following substances by weight percent: 30-40% of blast furnace water granulated slag, 30-40% of steel slag, 20-30% of fly ash, 0-10% of phosphogypsum and 0-10% of carbide slag, wherein the curing agent prepared by mixing the substances is powdery, and the specific surface area of powder particles is 300-600 m2/kg。
Example (b): the embodiment particularly relates to a method for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation, which mainly utilizes vibration and impact generated by blasting and compression waves generated along with gas expansion to separate out pore water in a soil body, rearranges the soil body structure, diffuses a curing agent into soil body particles, and achieves the purpose of reinforcement through reaction and mutual combination between the soil body particles and the soil body particles.
The specific implementation scheme and steps of a foundation treatment project of a certain stock yard are as follows:
the total area of the foundation treatment project of a certain stock yard is about 28.57 ten thousand meters2Dividing the field into two regions according to the thickness and stacking condition of the sludge to be treated, wherein the division condition is shown in figure 2, the stacking region is divided into two regions according to the different thicknesses of the sludge, and the region A is the thickness h of the sludgeThe area is less than or equal to 15m, and the area B is an area with the sludge thickness more than 15 m; the non-stockpiling area is divided into three subareas, the area C is an area with the sludge thickness h being less than or equal to 10m, the area D is an area with the sludge thickness h being less than or equal to 15m, the area E is an area with the sludge thickness being more than 15m, in order to reduce the vibration influence on the surrounding environment as much as possible, rigid vibration isolation devices 6 such as underground continuous walls need to be arranged on the boundary of the foundation field to be reinforced, and flexible vibration isolation devices 5 such as rubber walls are arranged among different subareas of the foundation field to be reinforced, the specific implementation scheme and the steps are as follows:
(1) determining the horizontally disposed spacing R of the blastholeshAnd the vertical arrangement interval R of the vertical drainage channelv(ii) a The explosion effect in the saturated soft soil can be divided into 3 areas, as shown in fig. 1, including a cavity expansion area 2 (i.e. an explosion cavity forming area in the publication "elastic-plastic estimation of cavity forming radius of strip-shaped charge blasting"), a damage area 3 (i.e. a plastic area in the publication "elastic-plastic estimation of cavity forming radius of strip-shaped charge blasting"), and a vibration area 4 (i.e. an elastic area in the publication "elastic-plastic estimation of cavity forming radius of strip-shaped charge blasting"), wherein the damage area 3 is a main action range disturbed by impact, so as to ensure that the vertical drainage channel does not influence the explosion to normally work, and ensure that the explosion effect is more significant, and the arrangement distance between the explosion holes and the vertical drainage channels should meet the condition: rh≥2r2、Rv≥2r2(ii) a Wherein r is2The specific calculation formula of the radius of the damaged area (i.e. the radius of the plastic area) can be calculated according to the calculation formula of the radius of the plastic area in the open literature:
Figure BDA0001296535240000081
the parameters in the above formula are first determined from field survey and experimental data, and these data are then substituted into the formula, where ρmIs the density of the soil body D0Is the velocity of the shock wave, peIs the density of the explosive, DeThe explosive is used for the detonation velocity of the explosive,
Figure BDA0001296535240000082
is the soil friction angle, c is the soil cohesion, r0The radius of the blast hole is; calculating the plastic region radius r of each explosive charge buried in the construction site2Finally, calculating according to a formula to obtain the hole distance between the explosion hole and the drainage channel to be 1.4 m;
(2) then, a curing agent is prepared according to the following formula, wherein the curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 37% of blast furnace granulated slag, 32% of steel slag, 21% of fly ash, 3% of phosphogypsum and 7% of carbide slag; the specific surface area of the curing agent powder particles is controlled to be 450m2/kg；
(3) Determining the doping amount of the curing agent to be 10% of the soil mass of the cavity expanding area, wherein the explosion cavity expanding area can be regarded as a cavity area generated by explosion, and obtaining the formula by referring to relevant documents, wherein the radius of the explosion extrusion cavity is calculated as follows:
Figure BDA0001296535240000083
wherein sigma0Initial stress of the wall of the blast hole; determining the curing agent quantity embedded in each blast hole according to the formula;
(4) arranging drainage channels in the foundation stabilization area according to the distance determined in the step (1), wherein the drainage channels are embedded as shown in figures 3 and 4 and comprise vertical drainage channels 8 and horizontal drainage channels 7; the vertical drainage channel 8 is specifically made of plastic drainage plates in SPB-C type and is arranged in a quincunx manner, the hole interval is 1.4m, and the insertion depth needs to penetrate through a soft soil foundation 9 to be reinforced; the horizontal drainage channel 7 comprises a horizontal water collecting and drainage system, a water collecting well is arranged in a medium coarse sand cushion layer with the thickness of about 1.0m, and the horizontal drainage channel 7 is connected with the vertical drainage channel 8 so as to collect and discharge water discharged by the vertical drainage channel 8;
(5) respectively drilling a plurality of blast holes 1 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction in the soft soil foundation to be reinforced from deep to shallow by using a drilling machine, wherein the plurality of blast holes 1 in the horizontal direction are dispersedly arranged between the vertical drainage channels, the distance between every two adjacent blast holes is 1.4m, and a curing agent and an explosive charge are arranged in each blast hole 1; when a plurality of explosive packages explode, stress waves generated by the explosion of adjacent explosive packages are overlapped or offset when propagating towards opposite directions, the resulting of offset causes waste of explosion energy, and the overlapped result may cause inconsistent deformation of the foundation, thereby causingThe ground is not uniformly settled, so that the explosives are detonated according to the vertical sequence from deep to shallow, and the explosives which are firstly embedded in the deepest soil layer are according to A-A in figure 4*Rear B-B*And the interval is detonated, after the explosive is detonated, the soil body structure in the foundation to be reinforced is rearranged by the impact force of the explosive, simultaneously the curing agent is diffused to the middle of the soil body particles, and the curing agent and the soil body particles are mutually combined through reaction, so that the aim of reinforcement is achieved, after the deep soil body is solidified, the upper layer of arranged explosive holes are detonated again until the foundation soil in the whole depth range of the region is completely solidified.
A, B two sections with urgent need of stacking can be used in combination with a preloading method, and C, D, E three sections without stacking are directly used for reinforcement treatment.
After the foundation treatment measures are taken, whether the characteristic value of the bearing capacity and the consolidation of the foundation meet the design requirements can be detected through means such as shallow slab load test, cross slab shear test, soil borrowing and drilling.
The detection proves that the soft soil foundation treated by the method can effectively shorten the construction period, is not limited to shallow soil bodies, is also suitable for deep soft soil and has wide application range; and the curing agent added in the blasting is beneficial to solving the problem of industrial waste residue, reduces the using amount of cement, reduces the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide and the like, and achieves the strategic guidelines of improving the environment, saving energy, reducing emission and realizing sustainable development.
The above description is only a detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made on the design concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) determining the area of a region to be reinforced, arranging vertical and horizontal drainage channels in soft soil of the region to be reinforced, arranging the vertical drainage channels on a plane according to grids, penetrating through a soft soil layer in the vertical direction, laying a horizontal sand cushion blind ditch and a water collection well on the surface of the soft soil layer, and connecting the horizontal drainage channels with the vertical drainage channels;
(2) respectively drilling a plurality of blast holes in the soft soil foundation to be reinforced in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction from deep to shallow by using a drilling machine, wherein the blast holes are drilled in layers, the blast holes on the same plane are arranged in a quincunx manner, and the hole spacing is 1-8 m; embedding a curing agent and an explosive charge in each blast hole after each blast hole is drilled; the curing agent is prepared from the following substances in percentage by weight: 30-40% of blast furnace water granulated slag, 30-40% of steel slag, 20-30% of fly ash, 0-10% of phosphogypsum and 0-10% of carbide slag are mixed to prepare a powdery curing agent; the addition amount of the curing agent in each blast hole accounts for 4-15% of the soil mass in the explosive charge explosion cavity expansion area in the blast hole;
(3) after the curing agent and the explosive in each layer of blast hole are buried, the explosive in each blast hole is detonated one by one from one side, the soil body structure in the foundation to be reinforced is rearranged by the impact force of the explosive, meanwhile, the curing agent is diffused into the soil body particles, and the purpose of reinforcement is achieved through the reaction and the mutual combination of the curing agent and the soft soil.
2. The method for treating the soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation according to claim 1, wherein the treatment area needs to be partitioned and isolated before the drainage channel is buried in the step (1), and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) dividing a reinforcement area according to the thickness of soft soil of a foundation field to be reinforced according to geological survey data, and arranging vibration isolation devices between the boundary of the foundation field to be reinforced and different partitions of the foundation field to be reinforced; the vibration isolation device adopts an underground diaphragm wall, a vibration isolation ditch and a rubber wall;
(2) calculating the radius of the damage area of the explosive charge in each blast hole to the surrounding soil body after explosion according to the soil layer parameters, the geological conditions, the blast hole size, the explosive density in a single explosive charge, the explosive explosion velocity and the shock wave velocity generated by explosion obtained by surveying and testing
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And according to the radius of the damaged area
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002A
Determining the interval of the vertical drainage channels, wherein the interval between the vertical drainage channels is more than or equal to two times of the radius of the damaged area
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002AA
(ii) a Wherein the radius of the damaged area
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002AAA
Is calculated from equation ①:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
①
the parameters in equation ① are expressed as:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
the density of the soil body is the density of the soil body,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
as the velocity of the shock wave,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is the density of the explosive in terms of,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
the explosive is used for the detonation velocity of the explosive,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
is a friction angle of the soil body,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
the cohesive force of the soil body is the radius of a blast hole;
(3) and preparing a vertical drainage channel according to the thickness of the soft soil in the partition of the foundation field to be reinforced, and ensuring that the depth of the vertical drainage channel can penetrate through the depth of the soft soil foundation to be reinforced.
3. A method for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the main chemical components of the curing agent of the blast furnace granulated slag are CaO and SiO2And Al2O3The main chemical components of the steel slag are CaO and SiO2The main chemical component of the fly ash is SiO2And Al2O3(ii) a The specific surface area of the powder particles of each substance is controlled to be 300-600 m2/kg。
4. A method for treating a soft soil foundation by blasting drainage consolidation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the explosive in each blast hole is a strip-shaped explosive, the cavity expanding area of each explosive is a circular area, and the radius r of the cavity expanding area of each explosive is1Calculated according to equation ②:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
②
the parameters in equation ② are expressed as:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
is the initial stress of the wall of the blast hole,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009A
the density of the soil body is the density of the soil body,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011A
as the velocity of the shock wave,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002AAAA
the radius of the damage area of the explosive charge in each blast hole to the surrounding soil body after explosion.
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