CN107123998A - A kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology and control strategy based on MMC - Google Patents

A kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology and control strategy based on MMC Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107123998A
CN107123998A CN201710553915.9A CN201710553915A CN107123998A CN 107123998 A CN107123998 A CN 107123998A CN 201710553915 A CN201710553915 A CN 201710553915A CN 107123998 A CN107123998 A CN 107123998A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
electric automobile
control
submodule
voltage
discharge
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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CN201710553915.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
闫卓武
尹忠东
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BEIJING KELIYUAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
North China Electric Power University
Original Assignee
BEIJING KELIYUAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
North China Electric Power University
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Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING KELIYUAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd, North China Electric Power University filed Critical BEIJING KELIYUAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710553915.9A priority Critical patent/CN107123998A/en
Publication of CN107123998A publication Critical patent/CN107123998A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Patent of the present invention proposes a kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology based on MMC and control strategy, for realizing that the electric automobile of extensive quantity concentrates discharge and recharge, the V2G technologies of the electric automobile of realization.It is topological mainly to include including connecing electric automobile outside half-bridge circuit and two-way DC/DC circuits, each submodule inside MMC, its submodule.Control strategy mainly includes converter Control, submodule capacitor voltage Balance route, two-way DC/DC circuits control etc..The topology of proposition is due to more than number of modules and electric automobile is evenly distributed on six bridge arms of three-phase, extensive electric automobile V2G technologies can be realized, and it is small with harmonic pollution, tri-phase unbalance factor is low, may participate in scheduling capacity it is considerable the advantages of, and possess to power network and reactive power support is provided, participate in active power regulation, the ability such as balancing power network load.

Description

A kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology and control strategy based on MMC
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology based on MMC and control strategy, for reality Now the electric automobile of extensive quantity concentrates discharge and recharge, the V2G technologies of the electric automobile of realization.
Background technology
Energy crisis and increasingly serious environmental problem so that relevant departments increase the weight worked energy-saving and emission-reduction again Depending on.Electric automobile is as a kind of new vehicles, and the advantage with environmental protection, energy-conservation is effectively reduced contaminated off-gas Discharge, the improvement to haze is significant, is the Main way of future development.It is reported that, 2017, China will increase 800,000 newly Individual charging pile, with the constantly improve of charging electric vehicle infrastructure, unified rechargeable standard and Government supports policy, according to estimating Counting the national electric automobile recoverable amount of the year two thousand twenty will be more than 5,000,000.Shown according to related data, most of electric automobiles were worked as at one day Middle about 95% time is in idle condition.With being continuously increased for electric automobile quantity, if in batteries of electric automobile Energy schedulable, then will have in power network the considerable energy storage device of capacity be in idle state, if these stand-by equipments are filled Divide and utilize, the utilization ratio that energy is stored in electric automobile will be greatly improved.
It presently, there are scale electric automobile under specific occasion and concentrate charge-discharge power demand, but extensive electric automobile discharge and recharge Can caused by power network three-phase imbalance, the problems such as grid-connected harmonic content is high.
Modularization multi-level converter is mainly used in flexible direct-current transmission field at present, is shown in engineering high Advantage and application value, it is mainly characterized by power grade height, to and fro flow of power, modularization, with realizing the electronic vapour of scale The indices goodness of fit needed for car discharge and recharge is high.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology based on MMC and control strategy, for reality Now the electric automobile of extensive quantity concentrates discharge and recharge, the V2G technologies of the electric automobile of realization.
Fig. 1 show the electric automobile based on MMC and concentrates charge-discharge system main circuit structure schematic diagram, wherein LsFor exchange Side inductance；RsFor AC equivalent resistance.Topological structure is made up of per facies unit upper and lower two bridge arm units, each bridge arm list Member is by N number of submodule SMj(submodule block number j=1,2 ..., a 2n) and bridge arm reactor LaIt is in series, with conventional module Change multilevel converter different, AC does not have transformer, is directly connected to power network 10kV circuits, it is negative what DC side do not take over Carry.
Each submodule internal structure is as shown in Fig. 2 can be divided into two parts, including two IGBT (T1、T2), two Diode (the D of reverse parallel connection1、D2), electric capacity C and two-way Buck/Boost circuits, electricity for controlling electric automobile discharge and recharge Electrical automobile etc..
Further, switching element T1、T2Break-make determine where submodule electric capacity input, excision or bypass so that 0, two kinds of level of Uc are produced in port.Work as T1Open and T2During shut-off, submodule is in input state, works as T1Turn off and T2It is open-minded When, submodule is in excision state, works as T1、T2When being turned off, submodule is in bypass condition.
Further, need to ensure that any moment is equal per the input submodule sum M of phase upper and lower bridge arm during normal work, To ensure that DC voltage is constant.Upper and lower bridge arm Neutron module number is put into by changing, M+1 can be obtained in system AC The sine wave of individual level number, so as to control active power by changing the amplitude and phase difference of AC voltage and idle The size of power.
Transverter level control strategy includes outer shroud control and inner ring current control two parts.Further, outer shroud control with The measured value of active power, reactive power or DC voltage is compared as input, and with its reference value, and calculating obtains inner ring electricity The reference value of flow control；Inner ring current control is using AC dq shaft currents as input, by controlling transverter AC to export Voltage, dq shaft currents is quickly tracked its reference value.
Limited by each bridge arm submodule quantity, and modulation strategy employed herein is phase-shifting carrier wave technology, therefore Voltage-controlled system is using the balanced component method of superposition.Adjust electric voltage equalization component include two, respectively balancing energy regulation component and The balance of voltage adjusts component.
Further, balancing energy control is compared the average value of every mutually all submodule capacitor voltages with reference value, is passed through PI control outputs are compared as the given of bridge arm circulation, then with the actual circulation of bridge arm, are adjusted through PI control outputs as balancing energy Save component, it is ensured that equilibrium assignment of the energy in three facies units.
Further, capacitor voltage balance control is compared capacitance voltage value with its reference value, after PI controls, with coefficient Output be multiplied as the balance of voltage and adjusts component, it is ensured that the equilibrium of submodule capacitor voltage.Wherein, ± 1 value is depended on The upper and lower bridge arm sense of current.
Further, the flat of above-mentioned capacitance voltage is superimposed in the reference value of each submodule capacitor voltage of upper and lower bridge arm Weigh, obtain the modulating wave that submodule participates in phase-shifting carrier wave modulation.
Further, per mutually equal using 2N amplitude, frequency, phase by pi/(2N) triangular carrier and above-mentioned submodule Block modulating wave is compared, and can obtain 2N group PWM modulation signals, and the power device of each submodule of upper and lower bridge arm is driven respectively, Control its break-make.
Two-way DC/DC converters inside submodule, by controlling T3、T4Break-make, realize Buck circuits and Boost circuit Switching：When circuit is in Buck patterns, energy flows to electric automobile from electric capacity；When circuit is in Boost patterns, energy Electric capacity is flowed to from electric automobile, the control to electric automobile discharge and recharge is realized.
Further, power demand values of the determination of its mode of operation according to upper strata EMS：Work as energy management When system is needed to charging electric vehicle, when two-way DC/DC converters are in Buck patterns, lithium battery absorbs energy；Work as energy When management system needs electric automobile to power network conveying energy, when two-way DC/DC converters are in Boost patterns, lithium battery is released Exoergic amount.The control of two-way DC/DC converters also uses Double-loop Control Strategy, performance number of the outer shroud according to EMS PrefIt is determined that the performance number of each submodule, so as to obtain the reference value i of charging and discharging currentsref, with charging and discharging currents iECompare through PI control outputs control T as modulating wave3、T4Break-make.The discharge and recharge of electric automobile uses power limitation control.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this A kind of embodiment of invention, for those skilled in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with root Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 concentrates discharge and recharge main circuit structure figure for the electric automobile based on MMC.
Fig. 2 is submodule cut-away view.
Fig. 3 is transverter level structure block diagram.
Fig. 4 is voltage balance control figure.
Fig. 5 is two-way DC/DC converter Controls block diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge system based on MMC, the electric automobile collection for realizing extensive quantity Middle discharge and recharge, the V2G technologies of the electric automobile of realization.Characterized in that, the charge-discharge circuit topology includes：Three-phase alternating current Include half-bridge circuit inside N number of submodule on net, Inductor, AC equivalent resistance and each bridge arm, submodule and double To DC/DC circuits, electric automobile is connect outside each submodule.
Fig. 1 show the electric automobile based on MMC and concentrates charge-discharge system main circuit structure schematic diagram, wherein LsFor exchange Side inductance；RsFor AC equivalent resistance.Topological structure is made up of per facies unit upper and lower two bridge arm units, each bridge arm list Member is by N number of submodule SMj(submodule block number j=1,2 ..., a 2n) and bridge arm reactor LaIt is in series, with conventional module Change multilevel converter different, AC does not have transformer, is directly connected to power network 10kV circuits, it is negative what DC side do not take over Carry.
Each submodule internal structure is as shown in Fig. 2 can be divided into two parts, including two IGBT (T1、T2), two Diode (the D of reverse parallel connection1、D2), electric capacity C and two-way Buck/Boost circuits, electricity for controlling electric automobile discharge and recharge Electrical automobile etc..
Further, in embodiment, switching element T1、T2Break-make determine where submodule electric capacity input, excision Or bypass, so as to produce 0, two kinds of level of Uc in port.Work as T1Open and T2During shut-off, submodule is in input state, works as T1Close Break and T2When opening, submodule is in excision state, works as T1、T2When being turned off, submodule is in bypass condition.
Further, need to ensure input submodule of any moment per phase upper and lower bridge arm in embodiment, during normal work Block sum M is equal, to ensure that DC voltage is constant.Upper and lower bridge arm Neutron module number is put into by changing, can be in system AC obtains the sine wave of M+1 level number, so as to be controlled by changing the amplitude and phase difference of AC voltage The size of active power and reactive power.
In embodiment, transverter level control strategy includes outer shroud control and inner ring current control two parts.Further, Outer shroud is controlled using the measured value of active power, reactive power or DC voltage as input, and is compared with its reference value, is calculated Obtain the reference value of inner ring current control；Inner ring current control is using AC dq shaft currents as input, by controlling transverter The voltage of AC output, makes dq shaft currents quickly track its reference value.
In embodiment, limited by each bridge arm submodule quantity, and modulation strategy employed herein moves for carrier wave Phase technology, therefore Pressure and Control are using the balanced component method of superposition.Adjusting the component of electric voltage equalization includes two, respectively balancing energy Adjust component and balance of voltage regulation component.
Further, in embodiment, balancing energy is controlled the average value and ginseng of every mutually all submodule capacitor voltages Examine value to compare, control output to be compared as the given of bridge arm circulation, then with the actual circulation of bridge arm through PI, through PI control output conducts Balancing energy adjusts component, it is ensured that equilibrium assignment of the energy in three facies units.
Further, in embodiment, capacitor voltage balance control is compared capacitance voltage value with its reference value, is controlled through PI After system, component is adjusted as the balance of voltage with multiplication output, it is ensured that the equilibrium of submodule capacitor voltage.Wherein, ± 1 Value depends on the upper and lower bridge arm sense of current.
Further, in embodiment, above-mentioned electricity is superimposed in the reference value of each submodule capacitor voltage of upper and lower bridge arm Hold the aequum of voltage, obtain the modulating wave that submodule participates in phase-shifting carrier wave modulation.
Further, in embodiment, per mutually equal using 2N amplitude, frequency, phase by pi/(2N) triangle load Ripple is compared with above-mentioned submodule modulating wave, can obtain 2N group PWM modulation signals, and each submodule of upper and lower bridge arm is driven respectively Power device, control its break-make.
In embodiment, two-way DC/DC converters inside submodule, by controlling T3、T4Break-make, realize Buck circuits With the switching of Boost circuit：When circuit is in Buck patterns, energy flows to electric automobile from electric capacity；When circuit is in Boost During pattern, energy flows to electric capacity from electric automobile, realizes the control to electric automobile discharge and recharge.
Further, in embodiment, the power demand values of the determination foundation upper strata EMS of its mode of operation： When EMS is needed to charging electric vehicle, when two-way DC/DC converters are in Buck patterns, lithium battery absorbs energy Amount；When EMS needs electric automobile to convey energy to power network, when two-way DC/DC converters are in Boost patterns, Lithium battery releases energy.The control of two-way DC/DC converters also uses Double-loop Control Strategy, and outer shroud is according to EMS Performance number PrefIt is determined that the performance number of each submodule, so as to obtain the reference value i of charging and discharging currentsref, with charging and discharging currents iE Compare through PI controls output as modulating wave control T3、T4Break-make.The discharge and recharge of electric automobile uses power limitation control.
Apply specific embodiment in the present invention to be set forth the principle and embodiment of the present invention, above example Explanation be only intended to help to understand the method and its core concept of the present invention；Simultaneously for those of ordinary skill in the art, According to the thought of the present invention, it will change in specific embodiments and applications, in summary, in this specification Appearance should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge system based on MMC, for realizing that the electric automobile of extensive quantity is concentrated Discharge and recharge, the V2G technologies of the electric automobile of realization.Characterized in that, the charge-discharge circuit topology includes：Three-phase alternating current Include half-bridge circuit inside N number of submodule on net, Inductor, AC equivalent resistance and each bridge arm, submodule and double To DC/DC circuits, electric automobile is connect outside each submodule.
2. bridge arm submodule according to claim 1, needs to ensure any moment per phase upper and lower bridge arm during normal work Put into submodule sum equal, upper and lower bridge arm Neutron module number is put into by changing, can obtain more electric in system AC Flat sine wave, so as to control the big of active power and reactive power by changing the amplitude and phase difference of AC voltage It is small.
3. half-bridge circuit according to claim 1 is made up of two IGBT, two reverse parallel connections diode and electric capacity, double It is Buck/Boost circuits to DC/DC circuits, by controlling the break-make of switching device in two-way DC/DC circuits, switching Buck electricity Road and Boost circuit both of which, reach the charge and discharge control to electric automobile.
4. the control strategy of the scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit based on MMC, including converter Control, submodule electric capacity electricity Press Balance route, two-way DC/DC circuits control.The converter Control, it is characterised in that including outer shroud control and interior circular current Control two parts.Wherein, outer shroud is controlled using the measured value of active power, reactive power or DC voltage as input, and with Its reference value compares, and calculates the reference value for obtaining inner ring current control；Inner ring current control is using AC dq shaft currents as defeated Enter, by the voltage for controlling transverter AC to export, dq shaft currents is quickly tracked its reference value.
5. submodule capacitor voltage Balance route according to claim 4, it is characterised in that Pressure and Control are balanced using superposition Component method.Adjusting the component of electric voltage equalization includes two, respectively balancing energy regulation component and balance of voltage regulation component.
6. two-way DC/DC circuits control according to claim 4, it is characterised in that to avoid the situation that upper, lower tube is straight-through, The control to two IGBT uses independent PWM control modes herein, realizes the switching of reduction voltage circuit and booster circuit both of which. When circuit is in Buck patterns, electric automobile is in charged state；When circuit is in Boost patterns, electric automobile is in electric discharge State.
CN201710553915.9A 2017-07-09 2017-07-09 A kind of scale electric automobile charge-discharge circuit topology and control strategy based on MMC Pending CN107123998A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108599207A (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-09-28 武汉大学 A kind of energy storage topological structure applying to high speed rail system
CN108599603A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-28 西北工业大学 A kind of Modular multilevel converter and its capacitance voltage Ripple Suppression method
CN110556852A (en) * 2019-09-29 2019-12-10 东北大学 distributed energy storage system based on SOC dynamic balance submodule retrieval and control method
CN110943639A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-03-31 南京师范大学 Modular multilevel topology adjustable discontinuous modulation method based on double buck sub-modules

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108599207A (en) * 2018-01-15 2018-09-28 武汉大学 A kind of energy storage topological structure applying to high speed rail system
CN108599603A (en) * 2018-04-10 2018-09-28 西北工业大学 A kind of Modular multilevel converter and its capacitance voltage Ripple Suppression method
CN108599603B (en) * 2018-04-10 2021-05-07 西北工业大学 Modular multilevel converter and capacitor voltage ripple suppression method thereof
CN110943639A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-03-31 南京师范大学 Modular multilevel topology adjustable discontinuous modulation method based on double buck sub-modules
CN110556852A (en) * 2019-09-29 2019-12-10 东北大学 distributed energy storage system based on SOC dynamic balance submodule retrieval and control method

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