CN107121713B - Automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and calibration method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and calibration method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107121713B CN107121713B CN201710384589.3A CN201710384589A CN107121713B CN 107121713 B CN107121713 B CN 107121713B CN 201710384589 A CN201710384589 A CN 201710384589A CN 107121713 B CN107121713 B CN 107121713B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- image
- module
- rain
- sedimentation
- settlement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 38
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011496 digital image analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012706 support-vector machine Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000399 optical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/18—Testing or calibrating meteorological apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and a calibration method thereof, which comprises a sampling module for collecting settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain, an image collecting and digitizing module for collecting and digitizing images of the settlement, an image processing and outputting module for processing and outputting the collected images of the settlement, and a case for setting the sampling module, the image collecting and digitizing module and the image processing and outputting module. The automatic measuring device for the precipitation amount of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain provided by the invention solves the problems of imaging noise and measuring errors caused by different reasons to a great extent, and meanwhile, the particle is further subdivided, so that the analysis of the cause of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain is facilitated, the control countermeasure is formulated, and the automatic measuring device has the characteristics of capability of continuously measuring for a long period, improvement of measuring accuracy and precision, accurate counting, wide particle size measuring range, no human interference and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The energy-saving environment-friendly field of pollutant detection, in particular to an automatic measuring device for precipitation amount of wet desulfurization chimney rain or gypsum rain.
Background
The wet desulfurization of part of coal-fired units adopts a wet chimney discharge mode. The wet chimney comprises a wet flue system and a wet chimney system, and the flowing smoke is in a wet saturated state and carries discontinuous liquid water drops. The liquid drops are subjected to the effects of streamline change, temperature reduction, secondary carrying of the flue gas flow and the like in the flue gas flow, and part of the liquid drops are carried out of a chimney port along with the flue gas flow to enter the environment atmosphere. Due to the influence of ambient wind speed, humidity, smoke plume lifting force and drop gravity, drop settlement occurs in a wind direction area under the ambient wind of a chimney, which phenomenon is called chimney rain, and when the drop contains a desulfurized gypsum component, the phenomenon is commonly called gypsum rain. The chimney rain or gypsum rain contains acidic components and high-salt components, so that the environmental, building, vegetation and the like are covered, acidic corrosion and the like are affected.
Currently, such environmental impact lacks legal evaluation methods and measuring instruments.
The direct effect of chimney rain or gypsum rain on the environment is manifested by the settling of the droplets to the surface, forming circular or quasi-circular settling spots. The settlement index of the emission of chimney rain or gypsum rain can be measured and evaluated. The sedimentation index is defined as: the deposition concentration in unit time and unit area can be mass concentration, count concentration and coverage rate, and the units are respectively: mg.m -2 ·d -1 M, m -2 ·d -1 And%.
The previous measurement adopts a settlement plate acquisition-manual measurement and counting mode, is easy to cause artificial influence, and has larger measurement accuracy and measurement error. No special equipment is available in the market.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an automatic measuring device for precipitation of chimney rain or gypsum rain, comprising a sampling module for collecting precipitation of chimney rain or gypsum rain, an image collecting and digitizing module for collecting and digitizing images of precipitation, an image processing and outputting module for processing and outputting the collected images of precipitation, and a casing for setting the sampling module, the image collecting and digitizing module and the image processing and outputting module.
Further, the sampling module comprises a sedimentation liquid collecting plate arranged above the machine case and used for collecting sedimentation liquid and an auxiliary light source used for assisting the image collection and the digital image collection of the digital module arranged above the collecting plate.
Further, the image acquisition and digitalization module is composed of an optical zoom lens, a high-resolution industrial camera and an adjusting controller, wherein the optical zoom lens automatically adjusts a focal length and an aperture according to imaging quality by the adjusting controller and focuses imaging, and meanwhile, the industrial camera converts an image signal into a digital signal and is controlled by the adjusting controller so as to accurately expose and automatically image the focusing imaging.
Further, the image processing and outputting module consists of an industrial personal computer, a digital image analyzing module and a data outputting component, wherein the digital image analyzing module consists of a measuring and analyzing module, a data processing and outputting module and an image adjusting module.
Further, the measuring and analyzing module works as follows:
a) The method comprises the following steps Acquiring an image n+1 numerical signal;
b) The image n+1 is stored;
c) The third step: image n+1 is processed and compared with image n;
d) Fourth step: spot information of newly added sediments is measured, and morphology identification (including tiling diameter and number) of a vector machine (SVM) is carried out;
e) Fifth step: information processing, namely recording the tiling diameter and the number of liquid drops; converting the diameter of the sedimentation liquid drop according to the tiling diameter; sorting the tiling diameter and the droplet size; calculating sedimentation quality according to the particle size of the liquid drops and the specific gravity of the sedimentation liquid; calculating the mass concentration, the counting concentration, the particle size distribution and the tiling diameter coverage rate of the sedimentation liquid according to the shooting time interval and the area of the acquisition plate 101; and
f) Sixth step: and recording and storing the processed data.
Further, the working process of the data processing and outputting module is as follows:
1) First step, each item of preservation database
2) Outputting a real-time curve according to curve output requirements; outputting real-time data by Excel according to the form output requirement and start-stop time;
3) Calculating according to the set average start-stop time (1 min, 5min.. 1h, 2h.. 1d, 2 d.);
4) Outputting volume, quantity differential distribution and accumulation distribution tables and graphs according to the output requirements of the distribution tables/graphs; and
5) Outputting a mean value curve according to curve output requirements; and outputting the average value data in Excel according to the form output requirement and the start-stop time.
Further, the ratio of the diameter D of the spherical liquid drop used in the analysis module to the tiled diameter D on the acquisition plate is calculated to obtain a correlation value N, and the correlation value N is measured as follows:
1) Preparing spherical liquid drops by a dropper with a certain outlet diameter, freely falling on a collecting plate, weighing according to a weight method, and measuring di by spherical calculation;
2) Measuring the tiling diameter Di of the liquid drops on the acquisition plate by using a microscope scale;
3) Dividing the space diameter Di by the tiling diameter Di, and calculating to obtain a correlation value Ki;
4) Inputting the Ni into an analysis module of the digital image analysis module;
5): different droppers with different specifications form different D and D, a group of K is obtained through calculation and is respectively input into the analysis module of the digital image analysis module.
6): and (3) complex calibration: the same operation is carried out on an automatic measuring device of the precipitation amount of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain, and the instrument measured value di' is obtained. Subsequently, di is compared with di', and the measured value deviation should be no more than 5%.
Further, the collecting plate is arranged at the uppermost end of the box body, and a flange is arranged around the upper end of the box body and used for supporting the collecting plate.
The automatic measuring device for the settlement of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain, provided by the invention, is based on a single-frame single-exposure image analysis technology and is matched with a Support Vector Machine (SVM) morphology recognition technology, so that the problems of imaging noise and measuring errors caused by different reasons can be solved to a great extent, and meanwhile, the particle is further subdivided, so that the analysis of the cause and control of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain is facilitated. Is the uniqueness of the device designed for the present application. The measurement results provide objective measurement data, and various forms of measurement results are provided through data processing. Compared with manual measurement, the method has the characteristics of continuous measurement in a long period, improvement of measurement accuracy and precision, accurate counting, wide particle size measurement range, no human interference and the like.
The device can better catch chimney rain drops which are easy to evaporate in the environment space, and particularly, the device can quickly dry fine particles. Is not affected by the solid content and ion concentration in the liquid drop. The liquid drop superposition can be well distinguished, and the negative deviation generated by the superposition can be eliminated. The surface characteristics of the acquisition board can be estimated. The space characteristics can be restored through the plane characteristics of the sedimentation liquid drops by the calibration method, and technical support is provided for controlling chimney rain or gypsum rain.
The device can output various measurement results such as real-time data, mean values and data tables in different time, change trend graphs and the like according to requirements.
The automatic measuring device for the settlement of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain adopts self-designed image analysis software based on the image method principle to measure the particle size, the number and the coverage rate of liquid drops in a settlement liquid collecting plate and provide a measuring result of the settlement of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain. The measurement data may be displayed in a variety of forms as desired. The device is based on a single-frame single-exposure image analysis technology and is matched with a Support Vector Machine (SVM) morphology recognition technology, so that imaging noise and error problems caused by different reasons can be solved to a great extent, and measurement quality is ensured. Based on the technologies and the characteristics of the sedimentation liquid drops, image analysis software is automatically compiled by adopting C++ language, and the functions of directly measuring the coverage rate of the sedimentation liquid, presuming the diameter and the count of the sedimentation liquid drops and classifying the particle sizes are realized through the conversion of the related value N of the tiled diameter and the spherical diameter; by controlling the shooting time interval of front and rear images, the error caused by evaporation and track extinguishment of the sedimentation liquid is eliminated; and outputting various forms of measurement results. Provides basis for analysis and control countermeasures of the cause of chimney rain or gypsum rain.
The device can be manufactured into an integrated portable measuring instrument, can process and output independent data, and realizes an online measuring function. The device is distributed and measured according to a certain rule, a measurement system of the emission of chimney rain or gypsum rain can be formed, and the objective evaluation of the emission source is formed by combining the influence factors such as the emission source intensity, the environmental atmospheric condition, the ground roughness and the like. Providing basis for making control countermeasures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic measurement device for precipitation of wet desulfurization chimney rain or gypsum rain according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an automatic measurement device for precipitation of wet desulfurization chimney rain or gypsum rain of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of the automatic measuring device for precipitation of wet desulfurization chimney rain or gypsum rain of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the operation of the measurement and analysis module of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the data processing and output module operation process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a plurality of online measurement systems of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain provided by the present invention is composed of a sampling module 100, an image acquisition and digitizing module 200, an image processing and outputting module 300, and a cabinet 400. The three modules are integrated in the case 400, and are closed by a cover, so that the portable electronic device is convenient to carry.
The case 400 is shaped as a box with a cover, square (square-like) or round, and is portable. Can be made of PVC, aluminum alloy and other materials, and can be made by adopting a 3D printing technology.
The case 410 of the chassis 400 is deeper, and the acquisition board 110 is at the uppermost end of the case 410. A flange of about 10mm is provided around the upper end of the case 410 to support the acquisition plate 110. The cover 420 of the case 400 is shallow, covers the upper part of the case 410, and is connected with the case 410 by a living hinge and a latch 430. The cap 420 may be removed from the cartridge body 410 during use of the device so as not to interfere with droplet collection.
The collection plate 110, the optical lens 210, and the industrial camera 220 are sequentially arranged on or near the central axis of the collection plate in the case 410. The adjustment controller 230 and the image processing and output module 300 are mounted on the sides.
The case 410 may also be provided with a detachable side panel partially on the side surface to facilitate maintenance and overhaul of the image processing and output module 300 and the adjustment controller 230. The acquisition board 110 is detachable to facilitate maintenance and overhaul of the acquisition board 110, the optical lens 210, and the industrial camera 220.
The sampling module 100 is composed of a sedimentation liquid collection plate 110 and an auxiliary light source 120. The sedimentation liquid collection plate 110 is placed at the uppermost end of the measuring device with the facing upwards. The droplets fall on the surface of the acquisition plate 110 to form a tiled liquid layer, which is circular or nearly circular in shape.
The sedimentation liquid collecting plate 110 can be made of glass, organic glass (polymethyl methacrylate polymer, PMMA) or other transparent materials, and has a square or round shape of about 0.1-0.2m 2 Wherein the square has an effective side length of, for example, 316mm by 316mm. The effective diameter of the circle is 357mm. The surface of the collecting plate 110 can be a smooth raw material surface, and hydrophilic paint can be coated as a surface, so that the effective diffusion of the sedimentation liquid is ensured, and the outer contour of the tiled liquid drop on the collecting plate 110 is clear.
The sedimentation liquid collecting plate 110 is provided with a plurality of auxiliary light sources 120 around, which are used as static imaging light to ensure low illumination and night measurement. The intensity of the light source is set to maintain a uniform intensity of light on the sedimentation liquid collection plate 110. The auxiliary light source 120 employs a switch controlled by the module 300. When the detected illuminance is insufficient, the auxiliary light source 120 is turned on during exposure. The auxiliary light source 120 must keep the illuminance of the acquisition board area uniform, and the deviation is not more than 10%.
The sedimentation liquid collection plate 110 is supported by flanges on the four walls of the housing 400 of the measuring device and is fixed to the housing 400 by right angle profiles 130. The right angle profile 130 is made of a corrosion resistant material (such as PVC) with no reflection of surface matte.
Referring to fig. 3, the acquisition board 110 is mounted on the chassis 400 with a rubber gasket 140 in the form of a C-shaped perimeter, and then secured thereto with a master 10mm plastic (PVC or other) right angle profile 130, forming a clamp with the flange on the chassis 400. Screws are fastened to the cabinet 400 at the sides of the right angle profile 130. The flange is 10mm wide and is made of the same material as the case.
The image acquisition and digitizing module 200 is comprised of an optical zoom lens 210, a high resolution industrial camera 220, and an adjustment controller 230. The optical lens 210 can be composed of one or more groups of optical glass mirrors, and has the advantages of short focal length, wide angle, large caliber, variable focus, low distortion and wide illumination application range. The image on acquisition board 110 is captured at high definition. The optical lens 210 automatically adjusts the focal length and aperture by the controller 230 according to the imaging quality requirements. The optical lens 210 is used for focused imaging, and the industrial camera 220 converts the image signal into a digital signal, while the adjustment controller 230 is configured for proper exposure and automatic imaging.
The lens group 210 is a zoom wide-angle optical lens, has a photographing capability suitable for a very wide granularity range, and can obtain a granularity range from 5 micrometers to 5000 micrometers, so that the focal length and the depth of field of the optical lens 210 are suitable for the scale requirement of the sedimentation liquid collecting plate 110.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an image on the acquisition board 110 is imaged on a CCD of the industrial camera 220 via the optical lens 210, and converted into a digital signal, which is output to the control module 300. The control module 300 is at the bottom of the chassis 400. The industrial camera 220 adopts CCD or CMOS principle, and has clear imaging, and the pixel is preferably not less than 1000 ten thousand. The camera image (digital) signal is transmitted to the image processing and output module 300, and the image acquisition and digitizing module 200 automatically focuses and automatically exposes according to the illuminance and the image sharpness.
The adjusting controller 230 is composed of a micro motor and an executing mechanism, is controlled by the industrial camera 220, and feeds back signals to the adjusting controller according to image definition judgment to automatically adjust the focal length and the depth of field.
As shown in fig. 1, the sedimentation liquid collection plate 110 is placed on a flange around the upper end of the box 410 and fixed by the right angle profile 130, and the camera 220 is fixed to the bottom of the box 410 to shoot upwards. Meanwhile, the acquisition board 110 is supplemented with a cold light source 120 for the condition of insufficient illumination under the low-illumination condition.
The image processing and outputting module 300 is composed of an industrial personal computer 310, digital image analysis software 320 and a data output component 330. The industrial personal computer 310 can be purchased and modified into the industrial personal computer 310. The digital image processing device is mainly used for being connected with the industrial camera 220, receiving pictures acquired by the industrial camera 220, and simultaneously being used as a carrier of digital image analysis software to ensure the smooth proceeding of an image processing process. The industrial personal computer 310 is responsible for the intelligent operation of the device, with a self-memory and data output assembly 330.
The digital image analysis module 320 obtains the sedimentation liquid images on the acquisition board 110 in real time, processes the sedimentation liquid images by combining a digital image processing technology, further obtains corresponding particle size, number and morphology features, obtains incremental data (equivalent diameter and number of each specification) of sedimentation liquid spots according to comparison of the front digital image and the rear digital image, estimates the space diameter and number of each specification by a correlation value K of the tiling diameter and the space diameter obtained by an experiment or calibration method, and performs calculation of the tiling diameter, the space diameter, the count, the particle size distribution and the coverage rate. The image analysis software is customized according to the specification of the measured object, the imaging adjustment requirement, the functional requirement of data processing and the output format requirement.
The data output assembly 330 is composed of a data output card and a WIFI transmitting card. The data output card has the functions of wired data output and signal receiving, and is connected with an upper computer (a desktop or notebook computer) in a wired mode or a wireless mode to support high-speed data transmission. The WIFI transmitting card has the functions of wireless data output and signal receiving.
The digital image analysis module 320 includes a control program, and is composed of a measurement and analysis module, a data processing and output module, and an image adjustment module, wherein the measurement and analysis module works as follows:
a) The method comprises the following steps Acquiring an image n+1 numerical signal;
b) The image n+1 is stored;
c) The third step: image n+1 is processed and compared with image n;
d) Fourth step: spot information of newly added sedimentation liquid is measured, and morphology identification (containing tiling diameter and quantity) of vector machine (SVM) is carried out
e) Fifth step: information processing, namely recording the tiling diameter and the number of liquid drops; converting the space diameter of the sedimentation liquid drops according to the tiling diameter; sorting the tiling diameter and the droplet size; calculating sedimentation quality according to the particle size of the liquid drops and the specific gravity of the sedimentation liquid; calculating the mass concentration, the counting concentration, the particle size distribution and the tiling diameter coverage rate of the sedimentation liquid according to the shooting time interval and the area of the acquisition plate 101; and
f) Sixth step: and recording and storing the processed data.
And processing and storing the newly added data one by one according to the analysis program. Wherein:
the classification principle is as follows: di is no more than 0.5mm, di is less than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 1.0mm, di is less than or equal to 1.0mm and less than or equal to 2.0mm, di is less than or equal to 2.0mm and less than or equal to 3.0mm, di is less than or equal to 3.0mm and less than or equal to 5.0mm, and di is less than or equal to 5.0mm.
The measurement time interval of each image is adjustable and is tentatively 10 s-300 s.
Further, the working process of the data processing and outputting module is as follows:
1) First step, each item of preservation database
2) Outputting a real-time curve according to curve output requirements; outputting real-time data by Excel according to the form output requirement and start-stop time
3) Calculating according to the set average start-stop time (1 min, 5min.. 1h, 2h.. 1d, 2 d.);
4) Outputting volume, quantity differential distribution and accumulation distribution tables and graphs according to the output requirements of the distribution tables/graphs; and
5) Outputting a mean value curve according to curve output requirements; and outputting the average value data in Excel according to the form output requirement and the start-stop time.
All of the above outputs are achieved by a digital image analysis module.
From the above description, it can be seen that when the liquid drops fall on the sedimentation liquid collection plate 110, the camera 220 of the image collection and digitizing module 200 fixed at the bottom of the box 410 captures the image of the collection plate in real time and transmits the image to the computer, the focal length and aperture of the auxiliary cold light source 120 and the lens around the collection plate 110 are adjusted according to the quality of the image, and the digital image analysis module 320 processes the collected image in real time under the condition that the quality of the image is guaranteed, and outputs the corresponding information of particle size, number, morphology and the like through the data output assembly 330, thereby achieving the purpose of the present invention.
The calibration method is also described further below:
1. standard droplet preparation
The preparation principle is as follows: and sucking deionized water by using a glass dropper. A number of discrete droplets were dropped onto a slide glass (dedicated to optical microscopy). The diameter of the droplets after tiling was measured with an optical microscope (with a metering scale) and averaged. The mass of the droplets was measured with an electronic balance of 0.1mg or 0.01mg accuracy, and the average diameter thereof was calculated as a sphere of the droplets according to the specific gravity value at the measured temperature. A ratio or correlation of drop lay-up diameter to spherical diameter is obtained.
Drops with different diameters are formed through droppers with different specifications. A set of ratios or correlations is formed.
The glass slide is made of the same material as the sedimentation liquid collecting plate, so that the surface characteristics of the glass slide are consistent.
Calibration preparation
The instrument and instrument were prepared as follows:
glass dropper: 5 glass droppers with different apertures and wall thicknesses are customized, the height of a full scale mark is 10cm, and the mark numbers are marked. A complete one drop is dropped under natural gravity. The particle size of the liquid drops formed by the droppers with different specifications is about 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 2.0mm, 3.0mm and 5.0mm.
And (3) a microscope: the common optical microscope is provided with a measuring scale, the precision is 0.01mm, the detection is qualified, and the magnification is multiplied by 5 and multiplied by 10.
An electronic balance: the maximum measurement mass is 220g, and the measurement precision is 0.1mg or 0.01mg.
Slide glass: the specification is about 20mm multiplied by 40mm, the material and the surface smoothness are the same as those of the sedimentation liquid collecting plate, and the serial numbers are marked.
Deionized water. The quality is not lower than the secondary level of laboratory water, and the conductivity of the main index is no more than 1 mu s/cm.
An automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain. Normal maintenance is carried out according to maintenance terms in the operation procedure.
2. Calibration step
Acquisition of correlation values
1) Correlation value definition and calculation
The ratio of the diameter of the circular drop to the diameter of the tile on the slide in natural state. The calculation is shown in the following formula:
wherein: k, correlation value, dimensionless;
d, diameter of the circular liquid drop in a natural state, wherein the diameter is in mm;
and D, tiling the diameter of the glass slide in mm.
When the surface of the glass slide is in a natural state or is treated by hydrophilic coating, K is no more than 1.00.
Wherein, the measurement of the parameter is as follows:
d measurement:
preparation: 5 droppers and 5 glass slides are soaked in the washing liquid for 2 hours. Taking out, washing 3 times by tap water, and washing 3 times by deionized water. Airing in a drying oven for standby.
The electronic balance is preheated according to the operation procedure. And calibrating according to the regulations. The original mass of the slides was weighed separately and recorded as m01, m02.
The constant temperature indoor air temperature t (DEG C) is referred to, and the density ρ (mg/ml) of water at the air temperature is referred to.
All instruments and vessels are placed in a thermostatic chamber for more than 4 hours. The deviation between the temperature of the thermostatic chamber and the room temperature of the electronic balance is not more than +/-3 ℃.
The steps are as follows: a dropper is taken, and deionized water is sucked to full scale. Naturally drops out under the action of gravity, and falls on the glass slides with the same numbers. The 5 droplets are arranged in sequence. The slide mass was measured with an electronic balance, and the average of the secondary weights was taken and recorded as m1i, i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Calculated according to the following formula.
Measurement of D:
slides were placed on a microscope stage, 5 tiled droplet diameters were measured, averaged and recorded as Di, i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Calculation of K:
ki, i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5 are calculated according to formula (1), respectively.
Note that: each particle size was measured sequentially to obtain K values. Measurements of 5 gauges should not be made simultaneously.
The calibrating method comprises the following steps:
in order to improve the measurement accuracy, calibration is performed according to the specification of sedimentation liquid drops, acquisition patterns and imaging digital signal intensities with different transmittances. And a calibration test is carried out regularly according to the related requirements of the measuring instrument, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured.
A calibration method based on a weight method is compiled, and related values of the liquid drop quality, the space diameter and the tiling diameter are obtained through experiments, so that a basis is provided for accurate measurement. The solution characteristics of the liquid drops and the material characteristics of the acquisition board 110 are fully focused in the calibration method, and the sedimentation characteristics of the liquid drops can be accurately reflected by matching with higher quality and dimensional measurement precision, so that the spatial characteristics of the liquid drops can be traced.
And starting the digital gypsum rain automatic tester according to the operation rules.
And (3) dripping 5 tiled particles on the sedimentation liquid collecting plate according to the measurement of d and the step, obtaining particle measurement data Di 'and obtaining Di' according to the calculation formula of the original implantation analysis software.
Di is calculated according to formula (3).
`
d i ＝K i ×D i ③
Comparing di with di',
when the measured value deviation is not more than 5%, the measuring system is qualified;
when the tolerance exceeds 5%, the calculation coefficients in the analysis software need to be adjusted.
In addition, referring to fig. 6, the measuring device can also be used for online measurement, and can be combined with the upper computer 500 to remotely acquire data. The automatic measuring device for precipitation amount of wet desulfurization chimney rain or gypsum rain provided by the invention is used as a device of the acquisition units 1, 2 and 3 … … n to form a chimney rain or gypsum rain measuring system, and the device is transmitted to the upper computer 500 (to be described below) in a multi-channel wireless manner to timely acquire measured values and evaluate test results. In this way, the measuring devices are distributed according to a certain rule by a measuring evaluation method to form a measuring system. The usual placement rules are: in a sector area with a chimney as an origin, downwind of ambient wind and an included angle of 45 degrees, 2, 3 and 5 measuring devices are respectively arranged at positions of 100m, 300m and 800m from the origin. A total of 10 measuring devices.
The measurement device of each invention inputs the measured value into the upper computer 500 through the WIFI3032, and the upper computer 500 is composed of an industrial computer, so that the functions of displaying, storing, analyzing and reporting the result and communicating are realized.
Finally, it is to be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The automatic measuring device for the settlement of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain is characterized by comprising a sampling module for collecting settlement liquid of the chimney rain or the gypsum rain, an image collecting and digitizing module for collecting and digitizing images of settlement liquid drops, an image processing and outputting module for processing and outputting the collected images of the settlement liquid drops, and a case for setting the sampling module, the image collecting and digitizing module and the image processing and outputting module; the image processing and outputting module consists of an industrial personal computer, a digital image analyzing module and a data outputting assembly, wherein the digital image analyzing module consists of a measuring and analyzing module, a data processing and outputting module and an image adjusting module, and the sampling module comprises a sedimentation liquid collecting plate which is arranged above the machine case and is used for collecting sedimentation liquid drops, and an auxiliary light source which is used for assisting the image collection and is arranged above the collecting plate; the measuring and analyzing module works as follows:
a) The method comprises the following steps Acquiring a sedimentation drop image n+1 digital signal at a certain moment;
b) Storing the image n+1 digital signal;
c) Comparing the image n+1 digital signal with a sedimentation drop image n stored at the previous moment;
d) Measuring information of newly added sedimentation liquid drops: comparing and identifying the patterns between the image n+1 and the image n by adopting a vector machine (SVM) to give the tiling diameter and the number of newly added sedimentation drops;
e) Information processing, namely recording the tiled diameter and quantity of sedimentation liquid drops; converting the space diameter of the settled liquid drops, namely the liquid drop diameter, according to the tiling diameter; classifying and counting the particle size and the number of the liquid drops; calculating sedimentation quality according to the particle size of the liquid drops and the density of the sedimentation liquid; calculating the mass concentration, the counting concentration, the particle size distribution and the laying diameter coverage rate of the sedimentation liquid according to the time interval between the acquired image n+1 and the image n and the area of the sedimentation liquid acquisition plate, and
f) Recording and storing the processed data.
2. The apparatus for automatically measuring precipitation of chimney rain or gypsum rain according to claim 1, wherein said image acquisition and digitizing module is comprised of an optical zoom lens, a high resolution industrial camera and an adjustment controller, wherein said optical zoom lens is automatically adjusted in focal length and aperture by the adjustment controller according to imaging quality and focused for imaging, while said industrial camera converts image signals into digital signals and is controlled by said adjustment controller to properly expose and automatically image said focused for imaging.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710384589.3A CN107121713B (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | Automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and calibration method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710384589.3A CN107121713B (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | Automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and calibration method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107121713A CN107121713A (en) | 2017-09-01 |
| CN107121713B true CN107121713B (en) | 2023-05-30 |
Family
ID=59728977
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710384589.3A Active CN107121713B (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2017-05-26 | Automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and calibration method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107121713B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110308251A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-08 | 唐山市曹妃甸供水有限责任公司 | A kind of algae rate of settling measurement device |
| CN117436283B (en) * | 2023-12-13 | 2024-03-26 | 青岛昊宇重工有限公司 | Computer aided design method, system and storage medium for chimney |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0434441Y2 (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1992-08-17 | ||
| CN104020086B (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2016-03-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of spray character method for fast measuring based on digital image processing techniques |
| CN205485520U (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-08-17 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Gypsum rain monitoring system |
-
2017
- 2017-05-26 CN CN201710384589.3A patent/CN107121713B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107121713A (en) | 2017-09-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104976960B (en) | A kind of raindrop physical characteristic observation procedure | |
| CN107121713B (en) | Automatic measuring device for settlement of chimney rain or gypsum rain and calibration method thereof | |
| CN106645197B (en) | Online detection system for detecting particles on surface of precision optical element and application method | |
| CN107607298A (en) | The performance measurement method and its detection device of a kind of optical lens | |
| CN102456142B (en) | A kind of analysis method for smoke blackness based on computer vision | |
| CN103984979A (en) | Lens-diffraction-imaging-free automatic algae detection and counting device and method | |
| CN107063949A (en) | Measure the methods, devices and systems of mist droplet deposition distribution situation | |
| CN105372165B (en) | A kind of droplet diameter distribution measurement method based on hydrophobic material | |
| CN107403177A (en) | Brightness measurement method based on industrial camera | |
| CN105136803B (en) | For detecting the device of solid matter concentration/granularity size in Geldart-D particle | |
| CN2807248Y (en) | Apparatus for determining liquid viscous coefficient by falling ball method | |
| CN108152283A (en) | It is a kind of to measure Cr VI, the device of copper content and its detection method in water using camera | |
| CN107992131A (en) | Illuminance measurement and illuminance intelligence control system based on convolutional neural networks | |
| CN103090818A (en) | Method and device and system of coated seed quality measuring | |
| CN112141290B (en) | Method for testing flow field or bubble field of ship model cross section | |
| CN104020086A (en) | Rapid liquid mist characteristic measuring method based on digital image treatment technique | |
| CN207249148U (en) | A kind of self-operated measuring unit of chimney rain or gypsum rain settling amount | |
| CN207396016U (en) | A kind of Stray Light Test device of camera lens full filed | |
| CN101126699B (en) | Pollen grain image data collecting system | |
| Bautista-Capetillo et al. | Comparing methodologies for the characterization of water drops emitted by an irrigation sprinkler | |
| CN109443705B (en) | A kind of optical lens numerical aperture measurement method based on calculating imaging | |
| CN211085632U (en) | Camera lens ghost stray light check out test set | |
| CN102841042A (en) | Method for measuring nozzle granularity by laser | |
| CN104010165B (en) | Precipitation particles shadow image automatic acquisition device | |
| CN110108604B (en) | High-altitude particle identification device and method based on microscopic amplification and visual angle sensing |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 200437 room 801, building 9, 171 Handan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai Applicant after: Shanghai Minghua Power Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 200437 room 801, building 9, 171 Handan Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai Applicant before: SHANGHAI MINGHUA ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |