CN107121692A - Detector and the transmitting imaging device with the detector - Google Patents
Detector and the transmitting imaging device with the detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121692A CN107121692A CN201710414297.XA CN201710414297A CN107121692A CN 107121692 A CN107121692 A CN 107121692A CN 201710414297 A CN201710414297 A CN 201710414297A CN 107121692 A CN107121692 A CN 107121692A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
- G01T1/2026—Well-type detectors
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of detector and the transmitting imaging device with the detector.The detector includes scintillation crystal array, the first photosensor array and the second photosensor array.Scintillation crystal array includes multiple scintillation crystals.First photosensor array is coupled to the first end face of scintillation crystal array, and at least one in multiple optical sensors of the first photosensor array is coupled with multiple scintillation crystals respectively.Second photosensor array is coupled to the second end face of scintillation crystal array, and at least one in multiple optical sensors of the second photosensor array is coupled with multiple scintillation crystals respectively.Wherein, the first photosensor array and the second photosensor array Heterogeneous Permutation.The detector possesses higher DOI decoding precision and position decoding ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmitting imaging system, in particular it relates to a kind of detector and bag for being used to launch imaging device
Include the transmitting imaging device of the detector.
Background technology
Transmitting imaging device including Positron emission tomography equipment has been used for medical diagnosis.With positron emission into
As exemplified by equipment, it is die out the showing of effect using the positron isotopes negatron in the positive electron produced and human body that decays
As leading to people's internal injection and carrying the compound that positron isotopes are marked, using the method for complex probe, visited using detector
The γ photons surveyed produced by the effect that dies out.
The detector mainly includes three parts, as shown in figure 1, the crystal matrix 110 being made up of discrete scintillation crystal,
Glass light conducting shell 120 and photomultiplier (PMT) matrix 130.Each scintillation crystal is except towards the face of PMT matrixes 130 (i.e. bottom
Face) outside be all coated with light reflecting material.The high-energy photon (i.e. γ photons) for the 511keV that the effect that dies out is produced is in crystal matrix
Reacted inside 110, be converted into visible ray subgroup.Due to being all coated with light reflecting material in addition to bottom surface, it is seen that photon
Group can only project from the bottom surface of scintillation crystal and pass through glass light conducting shell 120 to enter PMT matrixes 130.By in PMT matrixes 130,
The size for the visible light signal that each PMT units are collected, with centroid algorithm (Anger Logic), can calculate γ photons and exist
The reaction occurred inside which scintillation crystal in crystal matrix 110.This process is referred to as crystal decoding.So, it can obtain
The distributed intelligence of isotope into the human body, reconstruction combinatorial operation is carried out by computer, so as to obtain human body internal labeling compound point
The three-dimensional tomographic image of cloth.
As shown in Figure 2 A and 2 B, because γ photons have certain attenuation length, it is reached will not after scintillation crystal 210
React, but reacted according to certain attenuation function at once, visible ray subgroup is converted into certain certain time.Work as γ
Photon enters in scintillation crystal 210 in non-central location, i.e., when entering scintillation crystal 210 at an angle, and γ photons are in hair
Raw reaction has been advanced into another scintillation crystal 210, and the γ photons that the response location now calculated is simulated produce position
There is deviation, referred to as reaction depth (Depth Of Interaction, DOI) effect with the actual position that produces.Fig. 2A -2B distinguish
For the sectional view of existing flat and ring type Positron emission tomography equipment.Wherein solid line represents the practical flight road of γ photons
Footpath, dotted line represents response straightway of the transmitting imaging device according to the signal generation of detection.As can be seen here, effect of depth is greatly
It has impact on optical sensor and produce the accuracy that position and path judge to γ photons in decoding process, cause to launch imaging device
Spatial resolution decline.
The method of existing reduction DOI effects is broadly divided into two classes, i.e., hardware corrected and software correction.Hardware correction includes
Scintillation crystal is layered and couples two photoelectric conversion devices at scintillation crystal array two ends.Scintillation crystal layering is not connected due to crystal
Continuous, the boundary of different crystal material causes photon loss serious, reduces system sensitivity.And two photoelectric conversion devices of coupling
The number of channels increase of detector is disadvantageous in that, causes to gather signal strength weakening.Software correction method due to itself
Limitation, development is restricted.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose it is a kind of be used for launch the detector of imaging device and the transmitting including the detector into
As equipment, to obtain the reaction depth information of scintillation crystal, the spatial resolution of imaging system is improved.
The content of the invention
There is provided a kind of detector for being used to launch imaging device, including scintillation crystal battle array according to an aspect of the present invention
Row, the first photosensor array and the second photosensor array.Scintillation crystal array has relative first end face and second
End face, the scintillation crystal array includes multiple scintillation crystals.First photosensor array is coupled to the scintillation crystal array
The first end face, first photosensor array include multiple optical sensors, the institute of first photosensor array
At least one stated in multiple optical sensors is coupled with multiple scintillation crystals respectively.Second photosensor array is coupled to institute
The second end face of scintillation crystal array is stated, second photosensor array includes multiple optical sensors, second light
At least one in the multiple optical sensor of sensor array is coupled with multiple scintillation crystals respectively.Wherein, it is described
First photosensor array and the second photosensor array Heterogeneous Permutation.
Preferably, the face not coupled with the optical sensor of the multiple scintillation crystal is provided with reflection layer, and
In the face optical transmission window is provided with the reflection layer in the face adjacent with the adjacent optical sensor scintillation crystal coupled.
Preferably, the m of central area is located in first photosensor array/second photosensor array1×m2
Individual optical sensor is coupled with n1×n2Individual scintillation crystal, wherein m1、m2For positive integer, n1And n2To be less than or equal to 6 more than or equal to 2
Positive integer, and n2More than or equal to n1。
Preferably, relatively described second photosensor array of first photosensor array have the first dislocation direction and
Second dislocation direction, first photosensor array relative institute on first dislocation direction and second dislocation direction
State the second photosensor array to misplace respectively M scintillation crystal distance and N number of scintillation crystal distance, wherein M is less than or equal to n1/
2 positive integer, N is less than or equal to n2/ 2 positive integer.
Preferably, the size of the scintillation crystal array is less than or equal to the size of second photosensor array.
Preferably, the size of first photosensor array is less than the size of the scintillation crystal array, the flicker
The size of crystal array is equal to the size of second photosensor array, and the size of the scintillation crystal is x × y, the sudden strain of a muscle
Bright crystal array size is A × B, the optical sensor of first photosensor array and second photosensor array
The size of the photoelectric sensor be all n2x×n1Y, the second photosensor array size is C × D, and first light is passed
Sensor array size is (C-1) × (D-1), wherein, C is A/n1Integer, D is B/n2Integer.
Preferably, the size of first photosensor array is equal to the size of the scintillation crystal array, the flicker
The size of crystal array is less than the size of second photosensor array, and the size of the scintillation crystal is x × y, the sudden strain of a muscle
Bright crystal array size is A × B, the optical sensor of first photosensor array and second photosensor array
The size of the photoelectric sensor be all n2x×n1Y, the second photosensor array size is (C+1) × (D+1), described
First photosensor array size is C × D, wherein, C is A/n1Integer, D is B/n2Integer.
Preferably, the size of first photosensor array is equal to the size of the scintillation crystal array, the flicker
The size of crystal array is equal to the size of second photosensor array, and the size of the scintillation crystal is x × y, the sudden strain of a muscle
Bright crystal array size is A × B, and the size of the photoelectric sensor of second photosensor array is n2x×n1Y, it is described
Second photosensor array size is C × D, wherein, C is A/n1Integer, D is B/n2Integer, first optical sensor battle array
The optical sensor in row includes the first optical sensor positioned at central area and second optical sensor in peripherally located region,
The size of first optical sensor is n2x×n1Y and composition (C-1) × (D-1) arrays, the size of second optical sensor
For n4x×n3Y, wherein, n4For less than or equal to n2/ 2 positive integer, n3For less than or equal to n1/ 2 positive integer.
Preferably, the multiple scintillation crystal include the first scintillation crystal, first scintillation crystal have with it is adjacent
Adjacent two faces of the first scintillation crystal of optical sensor coupling, the optical transmission window includes the first optical transmission window and the second printing opacity
In window, the reflection layer for being separately positioned on described two faces of first scintillation crystal, to allow light to be passed by adjacent light
Sensor is received.
Preferably, the multiple scintillation crystal include the second scintillation crystal, second scintillation crystal have with it is adjacent
The adjacent face of scintillation crystal of optical sensor coupling, one face of second scintillation crystal is provided with the printing opacity
Window, to allow light to be received by adjacent optical sensor.
Preferably, the multiple scintillation crystal includes the 3rd scintillation crystal, and the 3rd scintillation crystal has coupling unique
Property, the 3rd scintillation crystal is not adjacent with the adjacent optical sensor scintillation crystal coupled, and the 3rd scintillation crystal is located at
At the drift angle of the scintillation crystal array, and/or the optical sensor positioned at intermediate region intermediate region.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of transmitting imaging device is also provided, the transmitting imaging device is included such as
Upper described any detector.
In the detector that provides of the present invention, the two ends of scintillation crystal array be coupled with respectively the first photosensor array and
In second photosensor array, the first photosensor array and the second photosensor array single optical sensor coupling it is multiple from
Crystal is dissipated, the first photosensor array and the second photosensor array Heterogeneous Permutation can make each scattered bright crystal have light distribution only
One property, the optical photon that γ photon attenuations are produced is traveled in adjacent crystal and is collected into by different optical sensors, final to utilize
The distribution for the energy that optical sensor is collected into is calculated for reaction depth (DOI) and the position of photon, relatively conventional detector,
The detector that the present invention is provided has higher lifting to the decoding capability of discrete crystal, and possesses advantages below：(1) structure letter
It is single, it is not necessary to light guide；(2) possesses higher DOI decoding precision；(3) possesses higher position decoding ability；(4) possesses high property
The time measurement potentiality of energy.
A series of concept of reduced forms is introduced in the content of the invention, this will be in embodiment part further
Describe in detail.Present invention part be not meant to attempt the key feature for limiting technical scheme claimed and
Essential features, the protection domain for attempting to determine technical scheme claimed is not meant that more.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, advantages and features of the invention are described in detail.
Brief description of the drawings
The drawings below of the present invention is used to understand the present invention in this as the part of the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this hair
Bright embodiment and its description, for explaining the principle of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the existing detector for Positron emission tomography equipment；
Fig. 2A and 2B are respectively the sectional view of existing flat and ring type Positron emission tomography equipment；
Fig. 3 is the scintillation crystal array and the coupling schematic diagram of photosensor array according to one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 A- Fig. 4 D are the schematic diagram of the DOI decodings of the coupled modes shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 A- Fig. 5 C are to be illustrated according to the scintillation crystal array of one embodiment of the invention and the layout of photosensor array
Scheme (coupled modes based on Fig. 3)；
Fig. 6 is the scintillation crystal array and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array according to another embodiment of the present invention
(coupled modes based on Fig. 3)；
Fig. 7 is the scintillation crystal array and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array according to one more embodiment of the present invention
(coupled modes based on Fig. 3)；
Fig. 8 A- Fig. 8 C are the schematic diagram of the different types of scintillation crystal of the embodiment according to invention；
Fig. 9 A- Fig. 9 B are to be shown according to the coupling of the scintillation crystal array and photosensor array of one more embodiment of the present invention
It is intended to；
Figure 10 A- Figure 10 P are the schematic diagram for the DOI decodings for illustrating the coupled modes shown in Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B；
Figure 11 is the scintillation crystal array and the schematic layout pattern (base of photosensor array according to one embodiment of the invention
In Fig. 9 A coupled modes)；
Figure 12 is the scintillation crystal array and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array according to another embodiment of the present invention
(coupled modes based on Fig. 9 A)；
Figure 13 is the scintillation crystal array and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array according to one more embodiment of the present invention
(coupled modes based on Fig. 9 A)；
Figure 14 is the scintillation crystal array and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array according to one more embodiment of the present invention
(coupled modes based on Fig. 9 A)；
Figure 15 A are " windowing " scintillation crystal schematic layout pattern according to one embodiment of the invention；
Figure 15 B are " windowing " scintillation crystal schematic layout pattern according to another embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 16 A are to be illustrated according to the scintillation crystal array of another embodiment of the present invention and the layout of photosensor array
Figure；
Figure 16 B are to be illustrated according to the scintillation crystal array of one more embodiment of the present invention and the layout of photosensor array
Figure；
Figure 16 C are to be illustrated according to the scintillation crystal array of one more embodiment of the present invention and the layout of photosensor array
Figure；
Figure 16 D are to be illustrated according to the scintillation crystal array of one more embodiment of the present invention and the layout of photosensor array
Figure.
Embodiment
In the following description there is provided substantial amounts of details so as to thoroughly understand the present invention.However, this area skill
Art personnel will be seen that, described below to only relate to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, the present invention can without it is one or more so
Details and be carried out.In addition, in order to avoid obscuring with the present invention, for some technical characteristics well known in the art not
It is described.
The present invention provides a kind of detector for being used to launch imaging device, and it includes scintillation crystal array, the first light sensing
Device array and the second photosensor array.First photosensor array couples directly to the top of scintillation crystal array, the second light
Sensor array couples directly to the bottom of scintillation crystal array, and the first photosensor array, the second photosensor array are with dodging
Without photoconductive layer between bright crystal array.Exemplarily, the optical sensor of scintillation crystal array and the first photosensor array/second
Array can be directly coupled together for example, by the couplant of optical glue or by modes such as Air Couplings.Need
Bright, top and bottom herein do not represent physics or absolute top and bottom, are intended merely to distinguish scintillation crystal array
Two ends.
Scintillation crystal array includes multiple scintillation crystals, and these scintillation crystals are arranged with array way.Scintillation crystal can be with
For one kind in active thallium sodium iodide crystal, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal, lutecium silicate crystal, silicic acid lutetium-yttrium crystal.It is similar with traditional approach
Ground, the face not coupled with the photosensor array of the first photosensor array/second of multiple scintillation crystals is provided with light reflection
Layer.
Reflection layer for example, by coating, plated film (such as spraying or plate silverskin) or can be pasted reflective on scintillation crystal
The mode of material is formed.Reflectorized material is, for example, ESR (Enhanced Specular Reflector) reflecting piece, Du Pont's public affairs
Take charge of Teflon (Teflon) reflectorized materials or barium sulfate of production etc..In addition, reflection layer, which can also be, is arranged on adjacent sudden strain of a muscle
Reflectorized material between bright crystal.The public same reflection layer of adjacent scintillation crystal.
First photosensor array and the second photosensor array all include multiple optical sensors, and these optical sensors are with battle array
Row mode is arranged.Optical sensor can be for photomultiplier (PMT), based on location-sensitive photomultiplier (PS-PMT) and silicon
One or more in optical sensor of photomultiplier (SiPM) etc..Because SiPM size is smaller, and it is usually to flash
The integral multiple of the length of side of crystal, it is therefore preferred to the first photosensor array and the second optical sensor battle array are formed using SiPM
Row.Part or all in optical sensor in the photosensor array of first photosensor array/second accordingly couples many
Individual scintillation crystal.The size of optical sensor is the integral multiple of the size of scintillation crystal, so that single optical sensor can couple n1
×n2The scintillation crystal array of individual scintillation crystal composition, wherein n1And n2For positive integer (present invention in, n1And n2It is all to be more than or equal to
6) 2 be less than or equal to, and n2More than or equal to n1。
The detector that the present invention is provided, is substantially to couple two photoelectric conversion devices (first at scintillation crystal array two ends
Photosensor array and the second photosensor array), but different from traditional approach, the first photosensor array and the second light
Sensor array Heterogeneous Permutation, specific dislocation mode will be described in follow-up text.
Fig. 3 shows the scintillation crystal array of one embodiment of the invention and the coupling schematic diagram of photosensor array.Inspection
It is that 2xmm × 2ymm optical sensors are constituted to survey scintillation crystal and unit sizes that device is xmm × ymm by unit sizes, lower 2 × 2 light
Sensor array, upper strata is single sensor, couples 4 × 4 scintillation crystal arrays, i.e. in the present embodiment, single optical sensor coupling
Close 4 scintillation crystals.It should be noted that：The present invention is not intended to limit the type and size of single optical sensor and scintillation crystal,
The size of photosensor array and scintillation crystal array is not limited；And be not required for the length of side one of optical sensor and be set to scintillation crystal
2 times of the length of side, are slightly less than also possible within the specific limits, it is only necessary to when ensureing composition array, and equidirectional adjacent light is passed
The centre-to-centre spacing of sensor is 2 times of adjacent scintillation crystal centre-to-centre spacing.
With reference to refering to Fig. 4 A- Fig. 4 D, scintillation crystal is arranged in the diverse location of photosensor array, optical sensor 410,
420th, 430,440 the second photosensor array is constituted, the first photosensor array includes optical sensor 210.The coupling of optical sensor 410
Close the lower surface of scintillation crystal 1.1,1.2,2.1,2.2；The lower surface of 420 coupled scintillation crystal of optical sensor 1.3,1.4,2.3,2.4；
The lower surface of 430 coupled scintillation crystal of optical sensor 3.1,3.2,4.1,4.2；The coupled scintillation crystal 3.3 of optical sensor 440,3.4,
4.3rd, 4.4 lower surface.The upper surface of the coupled scintillation crystal 2.2,2.3,3.2,3.3 of optical sensor 210, and the second optical sensor battle array
The optical sensor 410,420,430,440 of row is parallel with the optical sensor 210 of the first photosensor array, i.e. two layers of light up and down
Sensor parallel.In order to ensure that each scintillation crystal is respectively provided with coupling uniqueness, i.e. different optical sensor above and below correspondence,
First photosensor array and the second photosensor array Heterogeneous Permutation, the first photosensor array is with respect to the second optical sensor battle array
Row have the first dislocation direction X and the second dislocation direction Y, and the first photosensor array is in the first dislocation direction and the second dislocation side
Relative second photosensor array misplaces 1 scintillation crystal distance respectively upwards.
According to the arrangement mode shown in Fig. 3, each scintillation crystal is respectively provided with coupling uniqueness, that is, corresponds to different up and down
Optical sensor.The upper surface of scintillation crystal 2.2,2.3,3.2,3.3 couples optical sensor 210 simultaneously, but lower surface is coupled respectively
Optical sensor 410,420,430,440.When decay occurs in scintillation crystal for γ photons produces visible ray subgroup, it is seen that photon
The reflected film reflection of group, while traveling to up and down in the SiPM of coupling, by judging whether SiPM collects energy i.e.
Can be to the carry out position decodings of γ photons in an event.
Because the reflecting layer being coated with can not 100% all photons of reflection, material of the scintillation crystal in growth and process
Expect inhomogeneities etc., it is seen that photon group has partial photonic during propagation and absorbed, the energy for causing sensor to receive
Gross energy of the amount less than visible ray subgroup produced by γ Photon Decays.When the reflectivity and material character of reflectance coating are determined, γ
The response location of photon is more remote from sensor, and absorbed energy is more in communication process, and the energy that sensor is received is fewer.
When by the way of being read using both-end coupling, when response location is close to scintillation crystal lower end, the energy that lower floor's optical sensor is received
Amount is more, and when response location is close to scintillation crystal upper end, the energy that upper strata optical sensor is received is more.According to two layers of sensor up and down
Energy size is received, the response location of γ photons is judged.Specifically：
Scintillation crystal 2.2：Optical sensor 410,210 has signal, is reacted according to optical sensor 410, the decoding of 210 signal magnitudes
Depth (such as Fig. 4 A)；
Scintillation crystal 2.3：Optical sensor 420,210 has signal, is reacted according to optical sensor 420, the decoding of 210 signal magnitudes
Depth (such as Fig. 4 B)；
Scintillation crystal 3.2：Optical sensor 430,210 has signal, is reacted according to optical sensor 430, the decoding of 210 signal magnitudes
Depth (such as Fig. 4 C)；
Scintillation crystal 3.3：Optical sensor 440,210 has signal, is reacted according to optical sensor 440, the decoding of 210 signal magnitudes
Depth.
Because the DOI decoding process that the mutually similar scintillation crystal included is laid out shown in Fig. 3 is similar therefore only selective
The DOI decodings of wherein several scintillation crystals are discussed in detail in ground, and the DOI decodings of scintillation crystal can also be referring to table 1.
Table 1：
Therefore, when high-energy photon is incided on the scintillation crystal of diverse location, five optical sensors 210,410,
420th, 430,440 the signal of different coding can be exported., can be accurate by comparing the presence or absence of five photosensor signals and size
Ground calculates high-energy photon and incides the position reacted in scintillation crystal.
Fig. 5 A- Fig. 5 C show that the scintillation crystal array of one embodiment of the invention and the layout of photosensor array are illustrated
Figure is (based on the coupled modes shown in Fig. 3).The scintillation crystal and unit sizes that detector is xmm × ymm by unit sizes be
2xmm × 2ymm optical sensors are constituted, and overall structure is 12 × 12 scintillation crystal arrays dislocation coupling both-end photosensor array.
Second photosensor array (can also be lower floor's photosensor array) is 6 × 6 arrays, and the first photosensor array (can also be called
Layer photosensor array) it is 5 × 5 arrays.First photosensor array 200 and the Heterogeneous Permutation of the second photosensor array 400, the
One photosensor array 200 relative second light sensing on the first dislocation direction (X-direction) and the second dislocation direction (in Y-direction)
Device array 400 misplaces 1 scintillation crystal distance respectively.Each scintillation crystal of scintillation crystal array all couples different sensings
Device, i.e. each scintillation crystal is respectively provided with coupling uniqueness.After the same method, the array of any size can be built.
In Fig. 5 A- Fig. 5 C illustrated embodiments, the optical sensor of single size, the outer ring of scintillation crystal array 300 only used
Scintillation crystal only coupled the second photosensor array 400, and do not couple the first photosensor array 200.Therefore, flash
The scintillation crystal of the outer ring of crystal array 300 only has position decoding function, it is impossible to carry out reaction depth decoding.
Although Fig. 5 A- Fig. 5 C are only illustrated that 12 × 12 scintillation crystal array upper ends couple 5 × 5 first optical sensors battle array
Row, lower end couple the embodiment of 6 × 6 second photosensor arrays, but similarly may extend to following detector：Upper strata optical sensor
Array sizes are less than scintillation crystal array size, and lower floor's photosensor array size is equal to scintillation crystal array size.Flicker is brilliant
Body size is x × y, and crystal array size is M × N；Photosensor size is 2x × 2y, and lower floor's photosensor array size is
(M/2) × (N/2), upper strata photosensor array size is (M/2-1) × (N/2-1).The detector of this kind of structure is due to outermost
One layer of scintillation crystal only single-port-coupled is enclosed, therefore the scintillation crystal at scintillation crystal array center can realize position decoding and depth simultaneously
Degree decoding, peripheral scintillation crystal only position decoding.
Fig. 6 shows the scintillation crystal array of another embodiment of the present invention and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array
(based on the coupled modes shown in Fig. 3).Detector shown in Fig. 6 has same structure with the detector shown in Fig. 5 A：
Only with a kind of optical sensor of size.Scintillation crystal size is x × y, and scintillation crystal array size is M × N；Optical sensor chi
Very little is 2x × 2y.Except that, edge treated mode is had any different, and is embodied in：The size of upper strata photosensor array 200, which is equal to, dodges
Bright crystal array size 300, the size of lower floor's photosensor array 400 is more than scintillation crystal array size 300, lower floor's optical sensor
The size of array 400 is (M/2+1) × (N/2+1), and the size of upper strata photosensor array 200 is (M/2) × (N/2).The embodiment
In, all scintillation crystals can realize position decoding and depth decoding.
Fig. 7 shows the scintillation crystal array of one more embodiment of the present invention and the schematic layout pattern of photosensor array
(based on the coupled modes shown in Fig. 3).Detector shown in Fig. 7 has same structure with the detector shown in Fig. 5 A：
The size of lower floor's photosensor array 400 is equal to scintillation crystal array size 300, and scintillation crystal size is x × y, scintillation crystal battle array
Row size is M × N, and photosensor size is 2x × 2y.Except that, edge treated mode is had any different, and is embodied in：Upper strata light
Sensor array 200 uses the optical sensor (light that size is x × y for 2x × 2y optical sensor 210 and size of two kinds of sizes
Sensor 220), the size of upper strata photosensor array 200 is equal to scintillation crystal array size 300, lower floor's photosensor array 400
Size is M/2 × N/2, and the optical sensor 210 that multiple sizes are 2x × 2y constitutes the array that size is (M/2-1) × (N/2-1)
Coupled with scintillation crystal array center, size is that x × y optical sensor 220 and one layer of flicker of scintillation crystal array periphery are brilliant
Body is coupled.In the embodiment, all scintillation crystals can realize position decoding and depth decoding.
More than, what is provided is the embodiment that single optical sensor couples 4 scintillation crystals.Likewise, when single light sensing
, can be to γ light by the Heterogeneous Permutation of the optical sensor that two layers of optical sensor is displayed up and down when device couples 16 scintillation crystals
The response location and depth of son are decoded.Unlike：When single optical sensor couples 4 scintillation crystals, each crystal
The optical sensor of upper and lower ends face coupling has uniqueness, but during single optical sensor 16 scintillation crystals of coupling, every 4 crystalline substances
Body couples same a pair of sensors (without coupling uniqueness), now, can be by opening up light inlet window in scintillation crystal coated surface
Mouth (scintillation crystal referred to as " windowing " scintillation crystal for opening up optical transmission window), guiding optical photon is propagated, so as to single sensing
The detector structure that device couples 16 scintillation crystals carries out position decoding and depth decoding.
In order to be coupled to single sensor, the detector structure of 16 scintillation crystals carries out position decoding and depth is decoded,
In the coated surface of scintillation crystal, the reflection layer of face that is adjacent with the adjacent optical sensor scintillation crystal coupled (i.e. side)
In offer optical transmission window, thus guide the high-energy photon (such as 511keV gammaphoton) to make in certain scintillation crystal
Adjacent scintillation crystal is entered by optical transmission window with the relatively low photon group of the energy of rear generation (such as the photon group of 420nm),
And then the optical sensor collection coupled by adjacent scintillation crystal.So, for some scintillation crystal, multiple light sensings are passed through
The light distribution that device is detected can just calculate high-energy photon and there occurs in which of scintillation crystal array scintillation crystal instead
Answer (crystal positions decoding), and the reaction depth (DOI decodings) in the scintillation crystal.
According to the position of scintillation crystal in an array, three types, i.e. the first scintillation crystal, second can be substantially divided into
Scintillation crystal and the 3rd scintillation crystal.The main distinction of these three scintillation crystals is whether include optical transmission window and printing opacity
The quantity of window.The optical transmission window is arranged at the adjacent with the adjacent optical sensor scintillation crystal coupled of scintillation crystal
In the reflection layer in face.
Fig. 8 A show that the first scintillation crystal I, scintillation crystals I are provided with light inlet window on two adjacent sides
Mouth (region represented by hacures), i.e. the first optical transmission window 312 and the second optical transmission window 314.Exemplarily, such as Fig. 8 A institutes
Show, the first optical transmission window 312 can be set close to the first scintillation crystal I top, the second optical transmission window 314 can be close to first
Scintillation crystal I bottom is set.But, the present invention is not to the first optical transmission window 312 and the second optical transmission window 314 in height side
Upward position is limited.In addition, the size shape of optical transmission window is not also by limitation shown in the drawings.First scintillation crystal I
It is generally arranged at the drift angle of optical sensor 410 for the second photosensor array that it is coupled, and has and adjacent light
Adjacent two faces of scintillation crystal that sensor 420,430 is coupled, as shown in Figure 9 B.Fig. 9 B show 2 × 2 optical sensor battle array
Row, it includes optical sensor 410,420,430 and 440." drift angle of optical sensor " mentioned above is to refer to and three light
The adjacent position of sensor (position as corresponding to scintillation crystal 2.2,2.3,3.2,3.3 in Fig. 9 A).Hereinafter it will also mention
The edge and central area of optical sensor." edge of optical sensor " refers to position that only can be adjacent with an optical sensor
Put (position as corresponding to scintillation crystal 1.2,1.3,2.1,2.4,3.1,3.4,4.2,4.3 in Fig. 9 A)." the optical sensor
Central area " refer to not adjacent with any optical sensor position (as the institute of scintillation crystal 1.1,1.4,4.1,4.4 is right in Fig. 9 A
Answer position).
Fig. 8 B show that the second scintillation crystal II, scintillation crystals II are provided with optical transmission window 322 on one face.Thoroughly
Light window 322 can be set close to the second scintillation crystal II top as shown in Figure 8 B, can also be positioned close to bottom
At position, or middle position.It is preferable that optical transmission window 322 is set close to the second scintillation crystal II top.Due to light
Subgroup is substantially moved from top to down in scintillation crystal, and optical transmission window, which is arranged on top, can improve the production that reacted on top
Raw photon group from optical transmission window directly off probability, it is to avoid the photon for the generation that cannot be distinguished by reacting in upper and lower part
The hot spot that group is formed, to be conducive to DOI to decode.Second scintillation crystal II is generally arranged at the second optical sensor battle array that it is coupled
The edge of the optical sensor of row, as shown in Figure 9 B.
Fig. 8 C show the 3rd scintillation crystal III, and optical transmission window is not provided with scintillation crystals III reflection layer.
This scintillation crystals III be generally arranged at the optical sensor for the second photosensor array that it is coupled not with any light sensing
At the adjacent position of device, as shown in Figure 9 B.Even if scintillation crystal at this position sets optical transmission window, through optical transmission window can
See that the optical sensor that photon is also only coupled by the scintillation crystal is received, such case carries out the less efficient of DOI decodings, because
This is foreclosed by the preferred scheme of the present invention.Because the 3rd scintillation crystal III does not have optical transmission window, therefore do not possess DOI
Decoding capability.
Scintillation crystal array can include the one or more in above-mentioned three types.By coordinating with photosensor array
Use, the detector for possessing DOI decoding capabilities and (having used less optical sensor) simple in construction can be obtained.
The DOI decodings of each scintillation crystal in being laid out shown in Fig. 9 A and Fig. 9 B are introduced below with reference to Figure 10 A- Figure 10 P,
Because the DOI decoding process that this is laid out the mutually similar scintillation crystal included is similar, therefore it is only selectively discussed in detail
In several scintillation crystals DOI decoding, scintillation crystal DOI decoding can also be referring to table 2.
The first row first row (as shown in Figure 10 A) uses the 3rd scintillation crystal III.When γ photons incide the 3rd flicker
In crystal III and when occurring decay generation visible ray subgroup, it is seen that photon group is reflected through reflection layer, travels to the 3rd flicker
In the optical sensor 210,410 of crystal III couplings, because the 3rd scintillation crystal III is not opened up in optical transmission window, ideal only
There is optical sensor 210,410 to receive optical signal, remaining optical sensor 420-440 no signals, it is possible thereby to according to light sensing
Device 210,410 signal magnitudes decoding reaction depth.
The first row secondary series (as shown in Figure 10 B) uses the second scintillation crystal II.Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,410, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
420 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 420 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 410 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 420 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 430 and 440.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,410,420.
The row of the first row the 3rd use the second scintillation crystal II (as illustrated in figure 10 c).Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,420, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
410 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 410 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 420 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 410 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 430 and 440.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,410,420.
The row of the first row the 4th use the 3rd scintillation crystal III (as shown in Figure 10 D).When γ photons incide the 3rd flicker
In crystal III and when occurring decay generation visible ray subgroup, it is seen that photon group is reflected through reflection layer, travels to the 3rd flicker
In the optical sensor 210,420 of crystal III couplings, because the 3rd scintillation crystal III is not opened up in optical transmission window, ideal only
There is optical sensor 210,420 to receive optical signal, remaining optical sensor 420-440 no signals, it is possible thereby to according to light sensing
Device 210,420 signal magnitudes decoding reaction depth.
Second row first row (as shown in figure 10e) uses the second scintillation crystal II.Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,410, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
430 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 430 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 410 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 430 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 420 and 440.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,410,430.
Second row secondary series (as shown in figure 10f) uses the first scintillation crystal I, and it has adjacent with optical sensor 420
Side and the side adjacent with optical sensor 430, open up the first optical transmission window 312 and the second printing opacity respectively on the two sides
Window 314 (see Fig. 8 A), therefore four optical sensors are used for one group of carry out depth decoding.Specifically, when γ photons this
When being reacted in one scintillation crystal I, most optical photons are propagated in first scintillation crystal I, by optical sensor 410,
210 receive, and obtain the two-dimensional position of γ photons.A part of optical photon is injected into adjacent flicker by the first optical transmission window 312
In crystal, received by optical sensor 420；Some optical photon incides adjacent flicker by the second optical transmission window 314
In crystal, and received by optical sensor 430.The response location of γ photons is on the window's position, optical sensor 420 and 430
The photon energy received is more.Therefore the optical signal that optical sensor 410 is received is most strong, and optical sensor 420 and 430 can connect
The optical signal being subject to is relatively weak, the no signal of optical sensor 440, it is possible thereby to be believed according to optical sensor 210,410,420,430
Number size decoding reaction depth.
Second row the 3rd row use the first scintillation crystal I (as shown in figure 10g), and it has adjacent with optical sensor 410
Side and the side adjacent with optical sensor 440, open up the first optical transmission window 312 and the second printing opacity respectively on the two sides
Window 314 (see Fig. 8 A), therefore four optical sensors are used for one group of carry out depth decoding.Specifically, when γ photons this
When being reacted in one scintillation crystal I, most optical photons are propagated in first scintillation crystal I, by optical sensor 420,
210 receive, and obtain the two-dimensional position of γ photons.A part of optical photon is injected into adjacent flicker by the first optical transmission window 312
In crystal, received by optical sensor 410；Some optical photon incides adjacent flicker by the second optical transmission window 314
In crystal, and received by optical sensor 440.The response location of γ photons is on the window's position, optical sensor 410 and 440
The photon energy received is more.Therefore the optical signal that optical sensor 420 is received is most strong, and optical sensor 410 and 440 can connect
The optical signal being subject to is relatively weak, the no signal of optical sensor 430, it is possible thereby to be believed according to optical sensor 210,410,420,440
Number size decoding reaction depth.
Second row the 4th row use the second scintillation crystal II (as shown in Figure 10 H).Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,420, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
440 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 440 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 420 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 440 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 410 and 430.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,420,440.
The third line first row (as shown in figure 10i) uses the second scintillation crystal II.Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,430, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
410 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 410 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 430 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 410 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 420 and 440.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,410,430.
The third line secondary series (as shown in fig. 10j) uses the first scintillation crystal I, and it has adjacent with optical sensor 410
Side and the side adjacent with optical sensor 440, open up the first optical transmission window 312 and the second printing opacity respectively on the two sides
Window 314 (see Fig. 8 A), therefore four optical sensors are used for one group of carry out depth decoding.Specifically, when γ photons this
When being reacted in one scintillation crystal I, most optical photons are propagated in first scintillation crystal I, by optical sensor 430,
210 receive, and obtain the two-dimensional position of γ photons.A part of optical photon is injected into adjacent flicker by the first optical transmission window 312
In crystal, received by optical sensor 410；Some optical photon incides adjacent flicker by the second optical transmission window 314
In crystal, and received by optical sensor 440.The response location of γ photons is on the window's position, optical sensor 410 and 440
The photon energy received is more.Therefore the optical signal that optical sensor 430 is received is most strong, and optical sensor 410 and 440 can connect
The optical signal being subject to is relatively weak, the no signal of optical sensor 420, it is possible thereby to be believed according to optical sensor 210,410,430,440
Number size decoding reaction depth.
The row of the third line the 3rd use the first scintillation crystal I (as shown in Figure 10 K), and it has adjacent with optical sensor 420
Side and the side adjacent with optical sensor 430, open up the first optical transmission window 312 and the second printing opacity respectively on the two sides
Window 314 (see Fig. 8 A), therefore four optical sensors are used for one group of carry out depth decoding.Specifically, when γ photons this
When being reacted in one scintillation crystal I, most optical photons are propagated in first scintillation crystal I, by optical sensor 440,
210 receive, and obtain the two-dimensional position of γ photons.A part of optical photon is injected into adjacent flicker by the first optical transmission window 312
In crystal, received by optical sensor 420；Some optical photon incides adjacent flicker by the second optical transmission window 314
In crystal, and received by optical sensor 430.The response location of γ photons is on the window's position, optical sensor 420 and 430
The photon energy received is more.Therefore the optical signal that optical sensor 440 is received is most strong, and optical sensor 420 and 430 can connect
The optical signal being subject to is relatively weak, the no signal of optical sensor 410, it is possible thereby to be believed according to optical sensor 210,420,430,440
Number size decoding reaction depth.
The row of the third line the 4th use the second scintillation crystal II (as shown in Figure 10 L).Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,440, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
420 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 420 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 440 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 420 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 410 and 430.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,420,440.
Fourth line first row (as shown in Figure 10 M) uses the 3rd scintillation crystal III.When γ photons incide the 3rd flicker
In crystal III and when occurring decay generation visible ray subgroup, it is seen that photon group is reflected through reflection layer, travels to the 3rd flicker
In the optical sensor 210,430 of crystal III couplings, because the 3rd scintillation crystal III is not opened up in optical transmission window, ideal only
There is optical sensor 210,430 to receive optical signal, remaining no signal of optical sensor 410,420,440, it is possible thereby to according to light
Sensor 210,430 signal magnitudes decoding reaction depth.
Fourth line secondary series (as shown in Figure 10 N) uses the second scintillation crystal II.Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,430, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
440 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 440 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 430 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 440 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 410 and 420.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,430,440.
The row of fourth line the 3rd use the second scintillation crystal II (as shown in fig. 10o).Second scintillation crystal II opens up one thoroughly
Light window, therefore decoded using paired optical sensor.It is many when γ photons react in the second scintillation crystal II
Several optical photons is propagated in second scintillation crystal II to be received by optical sensor 210,440, is obtained γ photons and is reacted
Two-dimensional position.Small part optical photon is injected in adjacent scintillation crystal by optical sensor by optical transmission window 322 (see Fig. 8 B)
430 receive, and when the response location of γ photons is closer to optical transmission window, the optical photon that optical sensor 430 is received is more, and deposits
In limiting value.The optical signal that optical sensor 440 is received is relatively strong, and the optical signal that optical sensor 430 is received is relatively weak,
And the no signal of optical sensor 410 and 420.It is possible thereby to decode reaction depth according to the signal magnitude of optical sensor 210,430,440.
The row of fourth line the 4th use the 3rd scintillation crystal III (as shown in Figure 10 P).When γ photons incide the 3rd flicker
In crystal III and when occurring decay generation visible ray subgroup, it is seen that photon group is reflected through reflection layer, travels to the 3rd flicker
In the optical sensor 210,440 of crystal III couplings, because the 3rd scintillation crystal III is not opened up in optical transmission window, ideal only
There is optical sensor 210,440 to receive optical signal, remaining optical sensor 410-430 no signals, it is possible thereby to according to light sensing
Device 210,440 signal magnitudes decoding reaction depth.
Therefore, when high-energy photon is incided on the crystal of diverse location, five sensors 210,410,420,430,
440 can export the signal of different coding.By comparing the presence or absence of this five sensor signals and size, height can be calculated exactly
Energy photon incides the position reacted in crystal.
The DOI of each scintillation crystal is decoded using adjacent optical sensor as group, is connect by comparing optical sensor in the group
The light signal strength received carries out the DOI decodings of the scintillation crystal.Therefore, the light signal strength marked in table 2 is directed to
For same scintillation crystal, the present invention is not compared and discussed to the light signal strength between different scintillation crystals.
Table 2：
Given above is the embodiment that an optical sensor couples 4 × 4 scintillation crystals, in fact, a light sensing
The structural principle of device coupling 4m × 4n (m, n are the integer more than or equal to 2) scintillation crystal is similar, just seldom does herein superfluous
State.The processing mode of detector edge is similar with the situation that a sensor couples 4 scintillation crystals, there is following several schemes.
As shown in figure 11, the size of upper strata photosensor array 200 is less than scintillation crystal array size 300, lower floor's light sensing
Device array sizes 400 are equal to scintillation crystal array size 300.Scintillation crystal size is x × y, and crystal array size is M × N；Light
Size sensor is 4x × 4y, and lower floor's photosensor array size is (M/4) × (N/4), and upper strata photosensor array size is
(M/4-1)×(N/4-1).The detector of this kind of structure is due to one layer of scintillation crystal of outermost only single-port-coupled, therefore scintillation crystal
The scintillation crystal of array center can realize position decoding and depth decoding, peripheral scintillation crystal only position decoding simultaneously.
The detector shown in detector and Figure 11 shown in Figure 12 has same structure：Only with a kind of size
Optical sensor.Scintillation crystal size is x × y, and scintillation crystal array size is M × N；Photosensor size is 4x × 4y.Institute is not
With edge treated mode is had any different, and is embodied in：The size of upper strata photosensor array 200 is equal to scintillation crystal array size
300, the size of lower floor's photosensor array 400 is more than scintillation crystal array size 300, and the size of lower floor's photosensor array 400 is
(M/4+1) × (N/4+1), the size of upper strata photosensor array 200 is (M/4) × (N/4).In the embodiment, all flickers are brilliant
Body can realize position decoding and depth decoding.
The detector shown in detector and Figure 11 shown in Figure 13 has same structure：Lower floor's photosensor array
400 sizes are equal to scintillation crystal array size 300, and scintillation crystal size is x × y, and scintillation crystal array size is M × N, and light is passed
Sensor size is 4x × 4y.Except that, edge treated mode is had any different, and is embodied in：Upper strata photosensor array 200 is used
The optical sensor (size is that 2x × 2y optical sensor and size are 4x × 4y optical sensor) of two kinds of sizes, upper strata light sensing
The size of device array 200 is equal to scintillation crystal array size 300, and the size of lower floor's photosensor array 400 is M/4 × N/4, multiple chis
It is very little be 4x × 4y optical sensor constitute size and coupled for (M/4-1) × (N/4-1) array with scintillation crystal array center, chi
The very little optical sensor for 2x × 2y is coupled with one layer of scintillation crystal of scintillation crystal array periphery.In the embodiment, all flickers
Crystal can realize position decoding and depth decoding.
The detector shown in detector and Figure 11 shown in Figure 14 has same structure：Lower floor's photosensor array
400 sizes are equal to scintillation crystal array size 300, and scintillation crystal size is x × y, and scintillation crystal array size is M × N, and light is passed
Sensor size is 4x × 4y.Except that, edge treated mode is had any different, and is embodied in：Upper strata photosensor array 200 is used
The optical sensor (size is that x × y optical sensor and size are 4x × 4y optical sensor) of two kinds of sizes, upper strata optical sensor
The size of array 200 is equal to scintillation crystal array size 300, and the size of lower floor's photosensor array 400 is M/4 × N/4, multiple sizes
The array for being (M/4-1) × (N/4-1) for 4x × 4y optical sensor composition size is coupled with scintillation crystal array center, size
Coupled for x × y optical sensor with one layer of scintillation crystal of scintillation crystal array periphery.In the embodiment, all scintillation crystals
Position decoding and depth decoding can be realized.
It should be noted that in the structure shown in Figure 14, when the edge sensor size of selection is x × y (sides herein
Edge sensor refers to the optical sensor coupled with one layer of scintillation crystal of scintillation crystal array periphery), edge sensor and flicker
The one-to-one coupling of crystal, by judging the energy of sensor, can directly decode the response location of γ photons.In the knot shown in Figure 13
In structure, when the edge sensor size of selection is 2x × 2y, because the single sensor in edge couples four scintillation crystals, then locate
Two layers of crystal array at edge needs also exist for opening up optical transmission window obtaining more accurately position decoding and depth decoding." open
The arrangement mode of window " scintillation crystal is not unique, it is ensured that each scintillation crystal has light distribution uniqueness.Figure 15 A and figure
15B shows the arrangement mode of two kinds of " windowing " scintillation crystals, in fact, it is close to also have other arrangement modes to reach
Effect, because its principle is similar, just it is not repeated more herein.
Opened up on both-end sensor Heterogeneous Permutation binding crystal surface provided above in optical transmission window embodiment, a light
Sensor couples 4 × 4 scintillation crystals.In fact, more scintillation crystals or less scintillation crystal, example can also be coupled
Such as couple 2 × 3 (6), 2 × 4 (8), 2 × 5 (10), 2 × 6 (12), 3 × 3 (9), 3 × 4 (12), 3 × 5 (15
It is individual), 3 × 6 (18), 4 × 5 (20), 4 × 6 (24), 5 × 5 (25), 5 × 6 (30), 6 × 6 (36) scintillation crystals
Totally 15 kinds of combinations.
Figure 16 A to Figure 16 D show several more typical combinations.Wherein, Figure 16 A are illustrated that single light sensing
Device couples 2 × 3 (6) scintillation crystals, and scintillation crystal size is x × y, and photosensor size is 3x × 2y, and two layers of light is passed up and down
Sensor array misplace in the X direction x, misplace y in the Y direction, i.e. dislocation one scintillation crystal distance；Figure 16 B are illustrated that single
Optical sensor couples 3 × 3 (9) scintillation crystals, and scintillation crystal size is x × y, and photosensor size is 3x × 3y, up and down two
Layer photosensor array misplace in the X direction x, misplace y in the Y direction, i.e. dislocation one scintillation crystal distance；Shown in Figure 16 C
It is that single optical sensor couples 4 × 5 (20) scintillation crystals, scintillation crystal size is x × y, and photosensor size is 5x × 4y,
Up and down two layers of photosensor array misplace in the X direction 2x, misplace 2y in the Y direction, i.e. dislocation 2 scintillation crystal distances；Figure
16D is illustrated that single optical sensor couples 6 × 6 (36) scintillation crystals, and scintillation crystal size is x × y, photosensor size
For 6x × 6y, up and down two layers of photosensor array misplace in the X direction 3x, misplace 3y in the Y direction, i.e. 3 scintillation crystals of dislocation
Distance.The discrete crystal quantity of single optical sensor coupling is different, and the arrangement of optical transmission window is also differed.Also, each group
The arrangement of the corresponding optical transmission window of conjunction scheme is not unique, and Figure 16 A to Figure 16 B are only to list one kind therein.
It should be noted that either which kind of combination, the processing mode of detector edge couples 4 with a sensor
The situation of individual scintillation crystal is all similar, does not just repeat one by one herein.
Relevant two layers photosensor array up and down is shifted to install, and Figure 16 A- Figure 16 D respectively illustrate one flicker of dislocation
The embodiment of crystal distance, two scintillation crystal distances and three scintillation crystal distances.Figure 12 is referred to again, shown in Figure 12
It is that single optical sensor couples 4 × 4 (16) scintillation crystals, scintillation crystal size is x × y, and photosensor size is 4x × 4y,
Up and down two layers of photosensor array misplace in the X direction 2x, misplace 2y in the Y direction, i.e. dislocation two scintillation crystal distances.Its
Two layers of photosensor array shifts to install situation and see table 3 above and below remaining detector.
Table 3
As can be seen from the above Table 2, when single optical sensor couples n1×n2Individual scintillation crystal (n1And n2For more than or equal to 2
Positive integer less than or equal to 6, and n2More than or equal to n1) when, two layers of photosensor array is wrong in the first dislocation direction and second up and down
Misplace M scintillation crystal distance and N number of scintillation crystal distance respectively on the direction of position, and wherein M is less than or equal to n1/ 2 positive integer,
N is less than or equal to n2/ 2 positive integer.
It should be noted that：The length of side one that optical sensor is not required in text is set to x times of the scintillation crystal length of side, certain
In the range of be slightly less than it is also possible, it is only necessary to when ensureing composition array, the centre-to-centre spacing of equidirectional upper adjacent photosensors is phase
X times of adjacent scintillation crystal centre-to-centre spacing.Dodged likewise, two layers of the sensor array up and down referred in text is listed in X-direction and misplaced x
Bright crystal distance, misplace y scintillation crystal distance in the Y direction, it is not required that the distance one of dislocation is set to the x of the scintillation crystal length of side
Times or y times, due to there is certain intervals to be used for filling reflecting material between adjacent scintillation crystal, therefore the distance of dislocation is slightly larger than flashing
X times or y times of the crystal length of side.
The detector of the present invention has the advantage that relative to traditional single-ended or both-end detector：
(1) it is simple in construction, it is not necessary to light guide
Conventional detector uses the less scintillation crystal of size, optical sensor to obtain higher position decoding precision
It can not correspond and couple with crystal, therefore one layer of light guide of increase between optical sensor and scintillation crystal, it is seen that photon passes through light
Received after leading by optical sensor.And the present invention can be reached together using the dislocation of photosensor array and the method for optical window
The decoding precision of sample, but extra photoconductive layer is not needed, detector structure does not change substantially, reduces increase structure
Error influences.
(2) possesses higher DOI decoding precision
The present invention opens up optical transmission window at the certain altitude of scintillation crystal plated film side, and the reaction depth of γ photons is from printing opacity
Window is nearer, and the visible ray subnumber for being transferred to adjacent scintillation crystal is more, and the ratio for receiving energy by adjacent photosensors can
To be accurately positioned the reaction depth of γ photons.Meanwhile, present invention preserves the function of double-end measurement reaction depth, two schemes phase
Mutually correction can obtain DOI decoding precision one higher.
(3) possesses higher position decoding ability
Highest of the present invention extends to single optical sensor and couples 6 × 6 (36) scintillation crystals, when the size of optical sensor
During for 3mm, corresponding scintillation crystal size is less than 0.5mm.Therefore, detector can realize the position decoding precision less than 0.5mm,
Possesses higher position decoding ability.
(4) possess high performance time measurement potentiality
The difference that traditional both-end read detector receives energy by the end sensor of crystal two decodes the anti-of γ photons
Depth is answered, when the reflectivity of plane of crystal reflectance coating is very high, it is seen that photon is absorbed less in communication process, finally
Two ends sensor difference signal less, causes depth to decode precision relatively low.Therefore, traditional both-end read detector requires crystal side
The reflectance coating that face is coated with has a suitable reflectivity, is absorbed optical photon part during propagation.This makes
Light output into crystal is reduced, and detector time performance is poor.The detector of the present invention is anti-using optical window subsidiary
Depth is answered, most of photon is received by sensor, there is certain help to the lifting of detector temporal resolution.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to
Citing and the purpose of explanation, and be not intended to limit the invention in described scope of embodiments.In addition people in the art
Member according to the teachings of the present invention it is understood that the invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, can also make more kinds of
Variants and modifications, these variants and modifications are all fallen within scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by
The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of detector for being used to launch imaging device, it is characterised in that including：
Scintillation crystal array, it has relative first end face and second end face, and the scintillation crystal array includes multiple flickers
Crystal；
First photosensor array, it is coupled to the first end face of the scintillation crystal array, first optical sensor
Array includes at least one difference coupling in multiple optical sensors, the multiple optical sensor of first photosensor array
Conjunction has multiple scintillation crystals；
Second photosensor array, it is coupled to the second end face of the scintillation crystal array, second optical sensor
Array includes at least one difference coupling in multiple optical sensors, the multiple optical sensor of second photosensor array
Conjunction has multiple scintillation crystals；
Wherein, first photosensor array and the second photosensor array Heterogeneous Permutation.
2. detector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the multiple scintillation crystal not with the optical sensor coupling
The light that the face of conjunction is provided with face adjacent with the adjacent optical sensor scintillation crystal coupled in reflection layer, and the face is anti-
Penetrate and optical transmission window is provided with layer.
3. detector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that first photosensor array/second light sensing
It is located at the m of central area in device array1×m2Individual optical sensor is coupled with n1×n2Individual scintillation crystal, wherein m1、m2To be just whole
Number, n1And n2To be less than or equal to 6 positive integer, and n more than or equal to 22More than or equal to n1。
4. detector as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that relatively described second light of first photosensor array is passed
Sensor array has the first dislocation direction and the second dislocation direction, and first photosensor array is in first dislocation direction
Misplaced respectively M scintillation crystal distance and N number of flicker with relatively described second photosensor array on second dislocation direction
Crystal distance, wherein M are less than or equal to n1/ 2 positive integer, N is less than or equal to n2/ 2 positive integer.
5. detector as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the size of the scintillation crystal array is less than or equal to described
The size of second photosensor array.
6. detector as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the size of first photosensor array is less than described dodge
The size of bright crystal array, the size of the scintillation crystal array is equal to the size of second photosensor array, the sudden strain of a muscle
The size of bright crystal is x × y, and the scintillation crystal array size is A × B, and the light of first photosensor array is passed
The size of sensor and the photoelectric sensor of second photosensor array is all n2x×n1Y, second optical sensor
Array size is C × D, and the first photosensor array size is (C-1) × (D-1), wherein, C is A/n1Integer, D is
B/n2Integer.
7. detector as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the size of first photosensor array is equal to described dodge
The size of bright crystal array, the size of the scintillation crystal array is less than the size of second photosensor array, the sudden strain of a muscle
The size of bright crystal is x × y, and the scintillation crystal array size is A × B, and the light of first photosensor array is passed
The size of sensor and the photoelectric sensor of second photosensor array is all n2x×n1Y, second optical sensor
Array size is (C+1) × (D+1), and the first photosensor array size is C × D, wherein, C is A/n1Integer, D is
B/n2Integer.
8. detector as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the size of first photosensor array is equal to described dodge
The size of bright crystal array, the size of the scintillation crystal array is equal to the size of second photosensor array, the sudden strain of a muscle
The size of bright crystal is x × y, and the scintillation crystal array size is A × B, the photoelectricity of second photosensor array
The size of sensor is n2x×n1Y, the second photosensor array size is C × D, wherein, C is A/n1Integer, D is B/
n2Integer, the optical sensor in first photosensor array include positioned at central area the first optical sensor and
Second optical sensor in peripherally located region, the size of first optical sensor is n2x×n1Y and composition (C-1) × (D-1)
Array, the size of second optical sensor is n4x×n3Y, wherein, n4For less than or equal to n2/ 2 positive integer, n3For less than etc.
In n1/ 2 positive integer.
9. detector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the multiple scintillation crystal includes the first scintillation crystal, institute
Stating the first scintillation crystal has two adjacent faces of the first scintillation crystal coupled with adjacent optical sensor, the optical transmission window
Including the first optical transmission window and the second optical transmission window, the light reflection in described two faces of first scintillation crystal is separately positioned on
In layer, to allow light to be received by adjacent optical sensor.
10. detector as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the multiple scintillation crystal also includes the second scintillation crystal,
Second scintillation crystal has a face adjacent with the adjacent optical sensor scintillation crystal coupled, and second flicker is brilliant
One face of body is provided with the optical transmission window, to allow light to be received by adjacent optical sensor.
11. the detector as described in right wants any one in 2-10, it is characterised in that the multiple scintillation crystal includes the 3rd
Scintillation crystal, the 3rd scintillation crystal have coupling uniqueness, the 3rd scintillation crystal not with adjacent optical sensor coupling
The scintillation crystal of conjunction is adjacent, and the 3rd scintillation crystal is located at the drift angle of the scintillation crystal array, and/or positioned at middle area
The intermediate region of the optical sensor in domain.
12. one kind transmitting imaging device, it is characterised in that the transmitting imaging device is included such as any one of claim 1-11
Described detector.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710414297.XA CN107121692B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | Detector and transmitting imaging device with the detector |
| PCT/CN2018/089753 WO2018223918A1 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2018-06-04 | Detector and emission imaging device having same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710414297.XA CN107121692B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | Detector and transmitting imaging device with the detector |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107121692A true CN107121692A (en) | 2017-09-01 |
| CN107121692B CN107121692B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
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| CN201710414297.XA Active CN107121692B (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2017-06-05 | Detector and transmitting imaging device with the detector |
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| WO (1) | WO2018223918A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN107121692B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| WO2018223918A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
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