CN110389373A - Crystal module, detector and its height coding/decoding method - Google Patents
Crystal module, detector and its height coding/decoding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110389373A CN110389373A CN201810366676.0A CN201810366676A CN110389373A CN 110389373 A CN110389373 A CN 110389373A CN 201810366676 A CN201810366676 A CN 201810366676A CN 110389373 A CN110389373 A CN 110389373A
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- optical transmission
- crystal
- scintillation crystal
- transmission window
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
- G01T1/164—Scintigraphy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/161—Applications in the field of nuclear medicine, e.g. in vivo counting
- G01T1/164—Scintigraphy
- G01T1/1641—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions using one or several scintillating elements; Radio-isotope cameras
- G01T1/1645—Static instruments for imaging the distribution of radioactivity in one or two dimensions using one or several scintillating elements; Radio-isotope cameras using electron optical imaging means, e.g. image intensifier tubes, coordinate photomultiplier tubes, image converter
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/202—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being a crystal
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of crystal module, detector and height coding/decoding method.The scintillation crystal array size of crystal module is 4N × 4N, N is natural number, in addition to the scintillation crystal that the 1st column, 4N are arranged, it is provided with the first optical transmission window on the face that the scintillation crystal of the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n column in remaining scintillation crystal arranged with adjacent 2n+1 couples, is provided with the second optical transmission window on the face that the scintillation crystal of the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n+1 column in remaining scintillation crystal arranged with adjacent 2n couples;Except the 1st row, 4N row scintillation crystal in addition to, it is provided with third optical transmission window on the face of the scintillation crystal positioned at 2n row in remaining scintillation crystal coupled with the scintillation crystal of adjacent 2n+1 row, is provided with the 4th optical transmission window on the face of the scintillation crystal positioned at 2n+1 row in remaining scintillation crystal coupled with the scintillation crystal of adjacent 2n row.Detector of the invention has higher DOI decoding precision and position decoding ability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to transmitting imaging systems, and in particular, to the height of a kind of crystal module, detector and detector
Coding/decoding method.
Background technique
Positron emission tomography (Positron Emission tomography, PET) be functional molecular at
As most one of sensitive, the method for capableing of quantitative measurment in technology, it is widely used in the detection of early stage disease, it is such as cardiovascular, swollen
Tumor and cancer etc..PET front-end detector module usually couples photosensor arrays (such as PMTs by discrete crystal array
(photomultipliers tubes), SiPMs (silicon photomultipliers)) composition.511KeV gammaphoton
Annihilation reaction occurs with scintillation crystal and is converted into visible light subgroup, is received by photoelectric sensor, the energy signal of sensor detection
Distribution utilizes centroid algorithm (Anger Logic) decoding reaction crystal positions.In order to the metabolic disorder of early detection human body
With meet clinical research requirement, PET system must simultaneously meet spatial resolution with higher and sensitivity behaviour.With being
The increase for edge radius of uniting, spatial resolution are seriously reduced because of the collimation error (Parallax errors).PET system can be real
Existing high sensitivity is without reducing System spatial resolution, it is necessary to have it is deep in the reaction of scintillation crystal that ability obtains gammaphoton
Spend (Depth of Interaction, DOI) information.
Therefore, it is necessary to the height coding/decoding method of a kind of crystal module, detector and detector be proposed, accurately to obtain
The reaction depth of scintillation crystal improves the spatial resolution of imaging system.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of crystal module for detector, including scintillation crystal array, institute are provided
Crystal module is stated with upper surface and lower end surface, the scintillation crystal array size is 4N × 4N, and N is natural number, except the 1st column,
Outside the scintillation crystal of 4N column, the sudden strain of a muscle of the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n column in remaining scintillation crystal arranged with adjacent 2n+1
Be provided with the first optical transmission window on the face of bright crystal coupling, the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n+1 column in remaining scintillation crystal with
The second optical transmission window is provided on the face of the scintillation crystal coupling of adjacent 2n column;Except the 1st row, the scintillation crystal of 4N row
Outside, on the face of the scintillation crystal positioned at 2n row in remaining scintillation crystal coupled with the scintillation crystal of adjacent 2n+1 row
It is provided with third optical transmission window, the sudden strain of a muscle with adjacent 2n row of the scintillation crystal positioned at 2n+1 row in remaining scintillation crystal
The 4th optical transmission window is provided on the face of bright crystal coupling;Wherein, n is natural number, and 4N-1≤n≤1.
Preferably, first optical transmission window, the second optical transmission window, third optical transmission window and the 4th optical transmission window are all close
The upper surface setting, and the top surface flush of the upper end of all optical transmission windows and the scintillation crystal where it.
Preferably, first optical transmission window, the second optical transmission window, third optical transmission window and the 4th optical transmission window are all close
The lower end surface setting, and the bottom surface flush of the lower end of all optical transmission windows and the scintillation crystal where it.
Preferably, first optical transmission window is arranged face-to-face with second optical transmission window, the third optical transmission window
It is arranged face-to-face with the 4th optical transmission window.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides a kind of for emitting the detector of imaging device, including crystal module
And photosensor arrays, the crystal module have light-emitting surface, the photosensor arrays are coupled to the crystal module
Light-emitting surface, the crystal module be above-mentioned crystal module.
Preferably, the light-emitting surface is the lower end surface of the crystal module, and all optical transmission windows are close to the crystal module
Upper surface setting, and the upper end of all optical transmission windows and its where scintillation crystal top surface flush.
Preferably, the light-emitting surface is the upper surface of the crystal module, and all optical transmission windows are close to the crystal module
Lower end surface setting, and the lower end of all optical transmission windows and its where scintillation crystal bottom surface flush.
Preferably, the photosensor arrays include multiple photoelectric sensors, and one in the multiple photoelectric sensor
It is a to be coupled with the scintillation crystal respectively.
Preferably, the photosensor arrays include multiple photoelectric sensors, in the multiple photoelectric sensor extremely
Few one is coupled with multiple scintillation crystals respectively.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of height coding/decoding method of detector is provided, for above-mentioned detection
Device carries out height decoding, includes the following steps:
S1 does decoding figure, arranges the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row 4n column, the column of 4n row the 1st, 4n row 4n is removed in decoding figure
Crystal outside, remaining crystal establishes 3-D walls and floor respectively, and projects in x-axis according to reference axis respectively, draws along the x-axis direction
The direction y on sum, wherein n is natural number;
S2 puts summation on the direction y of different collimation height together and compares and calculate the FWHM resolution ratio of DOI;
S3 draws the hot spot peak position and DOI height corresponding relationship curve summed on the direction y of different collimation height,
Interpolation is carried out to this corresponding relationship or is intended, decodes curve as DOI;
S4 after obtaining DOI decoding curve, obtains DOI information by light distribution to be used for image reconstruction.
The present invention is being sensed by rationally opening up optical transmission window, guidance visible light subgroup on the scintillation crystal of crystal module
The light distribution of device is decoded using the position decoding and depth of the signal strength or weakness relational implementation high-energy photon of sensor, can accurately be obtained
The reaction depth for taking scintillation crystal improves the spatial resolution of imaging system.Detector provided by the invention is to discrete crystal
Decoding capability has higher promotion, and has following advantages: (1) having higher DOI decoding precision;(2) has higher position
Set decoding capability;(3) have high performance time measurement potentiality.
A series of concept of reduced forms is introduced in summary of the invention, this will in the detailed description section further
It is described in detail.This part of the disclosure be not meant to attempt to limit technical solution claimed key feature and
Essential features do not mean that the protection scope for attempting to determine technical solution claimed more.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail and feature.
Detailed description of the invention
Following drawings of the invention is incorporated herein as part of the present invention for the purpose of understanding the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this hair
Bright embodiment and its description, principle used to explain the present invention.In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is the optical transmission window arrangement schematic diagram according to the crystal module of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is to couple schematic diagram with a kind of of photosensor array according to the crystal module of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is to couple schematic diagram with the another kind of photosensor array according to the crystal module of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is to couple schematic diagram with a kind of of photosensor array according to the crystal module of another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is to couple signal with the another kind of photosensor array according to the crystal module of another embodiment of the present invention
Figure;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that height coding/decoding method according to the present invention establishes 3-D walls and floor.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, a large amount of details is provided so as to thoroughly understand the present invention.However, this field skill
Art personnel will be seen that, only relate to presently preferred embodiments of the present invention described below, and the present invention may not need one or more in this way
Details and be carried out.In addition, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, not for some technical characteristics well known in the art
It is described.
The present invention provides a kind of crystal module for detector, and crystal module includes multiple scintillation crystals, these flashings
Crystal is arranged with array manner.Scintillation crystal can be active thallium sodium iodide crystal, bismuth-germanium-oxide crystal, lutecium silicate crystal, silicic acid
One of lutetium-yttrium crystal.
Crystal module made of being arranged with array manner have upper surface and lower end surface, scintillation crystal array size be 4N ×
4N, N are natural number.
By taking the crystal module that 4 × 4 scintillation crystal array is constituted as an example.As shown in Figure 1, crystal module 100 is by 4 × 4
Scintillation crystal array is constituted, in order to accurately obtain the reaction depth of scintillation crystal, the right side of the 2nd all 4 scintillation crystals of column
Open up the first optical transmission window 11, that is, the face of the 2nd all 4 scintillation crystals of column being coupled with the 3rd all 4 scintillation crystals of column
On open up the first optical transmission window 11;The left side of 3rd all 4 scintillation crystals of column opens up the second optical transmission window 12, that is, the 3rd column institute
The second optical transmission window 12 is opened up on the face being coupled with the 2nd all 4 scintillation crystals of column for there are 4 scintillation crystals;2nd row is all
Third optical transmission window 13 is opened up behind 4 scintillation crystals, that is, all 4 scintillation crystals of the 2nd row are dodged with the 3rd row all 4
Third optical transmission window 13 is opened up on the face that bright crystal is coupled;The 4th light inlet window is opened up before all 4 scintillation crystals of 3rd row
Mouth 14, that is, open up the 4th light transmission on the face of all 4 scintillation crystals of the 3rd row being coupled with all 4 scintillation crystals of the 2nd row
Window 14.First optical transmission window 11, the second optical transmission window 12, third optical transmission window 13, the 4th optical transmission window 14 height all may be used
With adjustment, the first optical transmission window 11, the second optical transmission window 12, third optical transmission window 13, the 4th optical transmission window 14 can be all neat
Top surface (being below light-emitting surface), still, the present invention is not to the first optical transmission window 11, the second optical transmission window 12, third light inlet window
The position of the 13, the 4th optical transmission window 14 of mouth in the height direction is limited, in addition, the size shape of optical transmission window is not also by attached
It is limited shown in figure.Wherein, face-to-face, third optical transmission window 13 and the 4th is thoroughly for the first optical transmission window 11 and the second optical transmission window 12
Light window 14 is face-to-face.The optical glue of each optical transmission window light transmission is filled, and avoids generating bubble as far as possible.
In embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first optical transmission window 11, the second optical transmission window 12, third optical transmission window 13 and the 4th
Optical transmission window 14 is all arranged close to upper surface 101 (see Fig. 2), and the upper end of all optical transmission windows and the scintillation crystal where it
Top surface flush.
In unshowned embodiment, the first optical transmission window 11, the second optical transmission window 12, third optical transmission window 13 and the 4th
Optical transmission window 14, which can also be, to be all arranged close to lower end surface 102 (see Fig. 2), and the lower end of all optical transmission windows and the sudden strain of a muscle where it
The bottom surface flush of bright crystal.
More, the first optical transmission window 11 and the preferably setting face-to-face of the second optical transmission window 12, third optical transmission window 13 and the 4th
Optical transmission window 14 is arranged face-to-face.
As shown in Fig. 2, the detector for being used to emit imaging device of one embodiment of the invention, including 100 He of crystal module
Photosensor arrays 200, crystal module 100 have upper surface 101 and lower end surface 102, wherein lower end surface 102 is crystal mould
The light-emitting surface of block 100, photosensor arrays 200 are coupled to the light-emitting surface of crystal module.It, can also be with as the embodiment of deformation
It is the light-emitting surface that upper surface 101 is crystal module 100, photosensor arrays 200 are coupled to the light-emitting surface of crystal module.Example
Property, crystal module 100 and photosensor arrays 200 can for example, by optical glue couplant or pass through air
The modes such as coupling are directly coupled together.It should be noted that upper surface and lower end surface herein does not represent physics or absolute
It is upper under, be intended merely to distinguish crystal module both ends.
On light-emitting surface, also there are many modes for the coupling between photosensor arrays 200 and crystal module 100.Such as Fig. 2
It is shown, one-to-one coupled modes are used, specifically, photosensor arrays 200 include multiple photoelectric sensors, Duo Geguang
A photoelectric sensor in electric transducer is only coupled with a scintillation crystal.As shown in figure 3, it uses a pair of multiple coupled side
Formula, specifically, photosensor arrays 200 include multiple photoelectric sensors, at least one of multiple photoelectric sensors light
Electric transducer is coupled with multiple scintillation crystals, and a photoelectric sensor shown in Fig. 3 couples the embodiment of four scintillation crystals.
With reference to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, show that detector includes the embodiment of multiple crystal modules, in conjunction with Fig. 1 to scheming
3, the present invention in, 110 size of scintillation crystal array be 4N × 4N, N is natural number, except the 1st column, 4N column scintillation crystal in addition to,
It is set on the face that the scintillation crystal of the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n column in remaining scintillation crystal arranged with adjacent 2n+1 couples
It is equipped with the first optical transmission window 11 (being not shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n+1 column in remaining scintillation crystal
The second optical transmission window 12 (being not shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) is provided on the face coupled with the adjacent 2n scintillation crystal arranged;Except
1 row, 4N row scintillation crystal outside, the scintillation crystal positioned at 2n row in remaining scintillation crystal with adjacent 2n+1 row
Scintillation crystal coupling face on be provided with third optical transmission window 13, in remaining scintillation crystal be located at 2n+1 row flashing crystalline substance
The 4th optical transmission window 14 is provided on the face of body coupled with the scintillation crystal of adjacent 2n row;Wherein, n is natural number, and
4N-1≧n≧1。
In conjunction with refering to Fig. 6, according to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of height coding/decoding method of detector is provided, is used for
Height decoding is carried out to above-mentioned detector, is included the following steps:
S1 does decoding figure, arranges the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row 4n column, the column of 4n row the 1st, 4n row 4n is removed in decoding figure
Crystal outside, remaining crystal establishes 3-D walls and floor respectively, and projects in x-axis according to reference axis respectively, draws along the x-axis direction
The direction y on sum, wherein n is natural number;
S2 puts summation on the direction y of different collimation height together and compares and calculate FWHM (the Full Width of DOI
Half Maximum, the halfwidth degree of pulse) resolution ratio;
S3 draws the hot spot peak position and DOI height corresponding relationship curve summed on the direction y of different collimation height,
Interpolation is carried out to this corresponding relationship or is intended, decodes curve as DOI;
S4 after obtaining DOI decoding curve, obtains DOI information by light distribution to be used for image reconstruction.
The present invention is being sensed by rationally opening up optical transmission window, guidance visible light subgroup on the scintillation crystal of crystal module
The light distribution of device is decoded using the position decoding and depth of the signal strength or weakness relational implementation high-energy photon of sensor, can accurately be obtained
The reaction depth for taking scintillation crystal improves the spatial resolution of imaging system.Detector provided by the invention is to discrete crystal
Decoding capability has higher promotion, and has following advantages: (1) having higher DOI decoding precision;(2) has higher position
Set decoding capability;(3) have high performance time measurement potentiality.
The present invention has been explained by the above embodiments, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to
The purpose of citing and explanation, is not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described embodiments.Furthermore those skilled in the art
It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, introduction according to the present invention can also be made more kinds of member
Variants and modifications, all fall within the scope of the claimed invention for these variants and modifications.Protection scope of the present invention by
The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of crystal module for detector, which is characterized in that including scintillation crystal array, the crystal module has upper
End face and lower end surface, the scintillation crystal array size are 4N × 4N, and N is natural number, except the 1st column, the scintillation crystal of 4N column
Outside, on the face that the scintillation crystal of the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n column in remaining scintillation crystal arranged with adjacent 2n+1 couples
It is provided with the first optical transmission window, the sudden strain of a muscle of the scintillation crystal for being located at 2n+1 column in remaining scintillation crystal arranged with adjacent 2n
The second optical transmission window is provided on the face of bright crystal coupling;Except the 1st row, 4N row scintillation crystal in addition to, in remaining scintillation crystal
The scintillation crystal positioned at 2n row the face coupled with the scintillation crystal of adjacent 2n+1 row on be provided with third light inlet window
Mouthful, on the face of the scintillation crystal positioned at 2n+1 row in remaining scintillation crystal coupled with the scintillation crystal of adjacent 2n row
It is provided with the 4th optical transmission window;Wherein, n is natural number, and 4N-1≤n≤1.
2. crystal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first optical transmission window, the second optical transmission window,
Three optical transmission windows and the 4th optical transmission window are all arranged close to the upper surface, and the upper end of all optical transmission windows and the sudden strain of a muscle where it
The top surface flush of bright crystal.
3. crystal module according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first optical transmission window, the second optical transmission window,
Three optical transmission windows and the 4th optical transmission window are all arranged close to the lower end surface, and the lower end of all optical transmission windows and the sudden strain of a muscle where it
The bottom surface flush of bright crystal.
4. crystal module described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first optical transmission window and institute
It states the second optical transmission window to be arranged face-to-face, the third optical transmission window is arranged face-to-face with the 4th optical transmission window.
5. a kind of for emitting the detector of imaging device, including crystal module and photosensor arrays, the crystal module
With light-emitting surface, the photosensor arrays are coupled to the light-emitting surface of the crystal module, which is characterized in that the crystal mould
Block is crystal module described in claim 1.
6. detector according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the light-emitting surface is the lower end surface of the crystal module,
All optical transmission windows are arranged close to the upper surface of the crystal module, and the upper end of all optical transmission windows and the flashing crystalline substance where it
The top surface flush of body.
7. detector according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the light-emitting surface is the upper surface of the crystal module,
All optical transmission windows are arranged close to the lower end surface of the crystal module, and the lower end of all optical transmission windows and the flashing crystalline substance where it
The bottom surface flush of body.
8. detector according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the photosensor arrays include multiple photoelectric sensings
Device, one in the multiple photoelectric sensor is coupled with the scintillation crystal respectively.
9. detector according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the photosensor arrays include multiple photoelectric sensings
Device, at least one of the multiple photoelectric sensor are coupled with multiple scintillation crystals respectively.
10. a kind of height coding/decoding method of detector, special for carrying out height decoding to the detector described in claim 5
Sign is, includes the following steps:
S1 does decoding figure, to the crystalline substance for removing the 1st row the 1st column, the 1st row 4n column, the column of 4n row the 1st, 4n row 4n column in decoding figure
In vitro, remaining crystal establishes 3-D walls and floor respectively, and projects in x-axis according to reference axis respectively, draws y along the x-axis direction
It sums on direction, wherein n is natural number;
S2 puts summation on the direction y of different collimation height together and compares and calculate the FWHM resolution ratio of DOI;
S3 draws the hot spot peak position and DOI height corresponding relationship curve summed on the direction y of different collimation height, to this
A corresponding relationship carries out interpolation or quasi-, decodes curve as DOI;
S4 after obtaining DOI decoding curve, obtains DOI information by light distribution to be used for image reconstruction.
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CN201810366676.0A CN110389373B (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | Crystal module, detector and high-degree decoding method thereof |
PCT/CN2019/080296 WO2019205885A1 (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2019-03-29 | Crystal module, detector, and height decoding method therefor |
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Cited By (1)
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CN110926622A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-27 | 华中科技大学 | High-energy photon detection device based on lamellar crystal array |
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EP0821247A2 (en) * | 1996-07-16 | 1998-01-28 | Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. | Scintillation crystal modules and methods of making the same |
US20090224164A1 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2009-09-10 | Thomas Lewellen | Scintillation detector for positron emission tomography |
CN106562799A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-19 | 武汉中派科技有限责任公司 | Detector for positron emission imaging equipment, and positron emission imaging equipment |
CN107121692A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-09-01 | 中派科技(深圳)有限责任公司 | Detector and the transmitting imaging device with the detector |
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CN110926622A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-27 | 华中科技大学 | High-energy photon detection device based on lamellar crystal array |
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