CN107121497A - The ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of accidental resonance characteristic based on Duffing systems - Google Patents
The ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of accidental resonance characteristic based on Duffing systems Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/12—Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic based on Duffing systems, methods described includes：Duffing systems based on free vibration, construct the accidental resonance model of ultrasonic guided wave detecting；Record is under fixed input signal amplitude, corresponding output signal amplitude when changing damping ratio in accidental resonance model, and change curve of the output signal amplitude with damping ratio is drawn out, select the value of corresponding damping ratio at output signal amplitude maximum to be used as the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of accidental resonance model；After the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of selection accidental resonance model, the filtering using accidental resonance model realization to mixed signal, and the identification to mixed signal；Wherein, the mixed signal is the mixed signal of ultrasonic guided wave signals and noise signal.Whether the present invention can identify the Weak Ultrasonic guided wave signals in mixed signal, judge defective in pipeline, further increase the sensitivity of ultrasonic guided wave detecting defect of pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic guided wave detection technology, especially a kind of accidental resonance based on Duffing systems is special
The ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of property, belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing.
Background technology
" supersonic guide-wave technology " is the Non-Destructive Testing new technology that a kind of propagation characteristic based on stress wave in solids is proposed,
Compared with conventional ultrasonic wave detection technique, supersonic guide-wave is excited along waveguiding structure length direction, its detection range be " line " and
Non- " point ", detection range has become the important method of field of non destructive testing up to 50~100 meters.At present, ultrasonic guided wave detecting
Technology is widely used in the detection of slender structure, such as in bar-shaped, shaft-like and platy structure Non-Destructive Testing, especially
In pipeline especially for the actual pipeline such as some liquid-filling pipes, buried pipeline, high-temperature and pressure pipeline, oil-gas pipeline, rail, steel
In rope and hardened structure.The application illustrates the validity of institute's extracting method exemplified by detecting the supersonic guide-wave propagated in pipeline.
Due to complex characteristics of the supersonic guide-wave in communication process, in actually detected inevitably it is examined away from
From, the influence such as defect size, structure Service Environment and test system error, cause and receive signal and show as under very noisy
Weak signal feature, greatly reduces defects detection efficiency.In order to improve the detection efficiency of supersonic guide-wave, extend detecting distance, state
Inside and outside researcher increasingly payes attention to the analysis and research to ultrasonic guided wave signals, and has developed many effectively methods.Such as
Traditional time-domain analysis, frequency-domain analysis (FFT) and Time-Frequency Analysis (wavelet transformation, Short Time Fourier Transform etc.), with
And Chaotic Detecting Method developed in recent years.Achieve certain achievement.Wherein in Chaotic Detecting Method, especially exist
Had made intensive studies using many scholars on the method for detecting weak signals of Chaotic Duffing Oscillator.But this method is also deposited
The problem of some need to solve, for example, there is frequency, initial phase limitation in the detection of Duffing systems, it is impossible to detect any frequency
The guided wave signals of rate, arbitrary phase, influence detection efficiency.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the defect of conventional ultrasonic wave detection technique there is provided one kind to be based on Duffing systems
The ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic of system, this method can strengthen Weak Ultrasonic guided wave signals in pipeline echo
Amplitude, so as to identify the Weak Ultrasonic guided wave signals in mixed signal, judge it is whether defective in pipeline, further
Improve the sensitivity of ultrasonic guided wave detecting defect of pipeline.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that：
The ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of accidental resonance characteristic based on Duffing systems, methods described includes：
S1, the Duffing systems based on free vibration, construct the accidental resonance model of ultrasonic guided wave detecting；
Corresponding output signal when S2, record change damping ratio under fixed input signal amplitude, in accidental resonance model
Amplitude, and draw out corresponding damping at change curve of the output signal amplitude with damping ratio, selection output signal amplitude maximum
The value of ratio as accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter；
S3, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, using accidental resonance model realization to mixing
The filtering of signal, and the mixed signal to unknown frequency identification；Wherein, the mixed signal is ultrasonic guided wave signals with making an uproar
The mixed signal of acoustical signal.
Further, methods described also includes：
S4, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, using accidental resonance model inspection in pipeline
In the echo-signal that is collected into, judge whether defective in pipeline.
Further, step S1, is specifically included：
S11, the Duffing systems for choosing free vibration, its expression formula are as follows：
Wherein, k is damping ratio, (- ax+bx3) it is nonlinear resilience item, corresponding potential function is
And change potential function and beAnd then the Duffing systems after being improved, it is as follows：
S12, the ultrasonic guided wave signals expression formula through the modulation of Hanning windows are as follows：
Wherein, A is ultrasonic guided wave signals amplitude, and n is the single audio frequency number selected, ωc=2 π fc, fcIt is super for any actual measurement
The centre frequency of guided Waves；
S13, the accidental resonance model for constructing ultrasonic guided wave detecting, it is as follows：
Wherein, s (t) is above-mentioned ultrasonic guided wave signals, and n (t) is pure noise signal De (t), and e (t) divides to meet N (0,1)
The white Gaussian noise of cloth, D is noise level；
S14, selection suitable parameter k, A, fc, and D, when A is smaller, the motion of whole Duffing systems is to surround
The linear osccilation of one of bifocal, it is exactly ω that it, which vibrates angular frequency, and the displacement x output response forms of Duffing systems are as follows：
Wherein, the π of ω=2 f, f are the frequency that accidental resonance model exports response, and B is the amplitude of output signal,For phase
Position, xn(t) it is higher order harmonic wave；Formula (5) derivation can be obtained, speedOutput response signal centre frequency still be f, angular frequency
Rate is ω, and assumes speedOutput signal amplitude be C；
S15, the centre frequency f for surveying supersonic guide-wavecThe relation exported with accidental resonance model between the frequency f of response expires
Foot：
fcΔ t=fh (6)
Wherein, Δ t is the sampling time interval of measured signal, and h is to solve Duffing using quadravalence-Runge Kutta method
The integration step of system, as h=Δ t, meets f=fc。
Further, step S2, is specifically included：
S21, noise item n (t)=0 made in formula (4), the amplitude A of fixed input signal s (t), change in formula (4) and damp
Value than k, using quadravalence-Runge Kutta method, solves the solution of formula (4), that is, obtains the value of output signal amplitude B in formula (5)；
S22, draw out under fixed input signal amplitude A, output signal amplitude B is with k change curve, and trade-off curve
On, when output signal amplitude B takes maximum, corresponding damping ratio k value is the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of accidental resonance model.
Further, step S3, is specifically included：
S31, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, according to input signal amplitude A and noise water
Flat D value, obtains the displacement x and speed of formula (4)
S32, mixed signal respectively to input, output displacement signal x and output speed signalSequence carry out power spectrum
Analysis, to identify the ultrasonic guided wave signals in mixed signal；
S33, the value for changing input signal amplitude A and noise level D, repeat step S31 and S32.
Further, step S4, is specifically included：
Echo-signal in S41, in the duct excitation ultrasound guided wave signals, and collection conduit, incidence wave and end face are returned
Signal input accidental resonance model between ripple；
S42, power spectrumanalysis is carried out to the output signal of accidental resonance model, if in the presence of with institute's excitation ultrasound guided wave signals
The consistent spectral line of frequency, then it is defective in pipeline, if without obvious characteristic frequency, zero defect in pipeline.
The present invention has following beneficial effect relative to prior art：
1st, the present invention constructs the accidental resonance model of ultrasonic guided wave detecting, selection by the Duffing systems of free vibration
At output signal amplitude maximum the value of corresponding damping ratio as accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter, based on random
Resonance principle, not only can be filtered noise reduction to the mixed signal of ultrasonic guided wave signals and noise so that a part of noise energy
Amount can be transferred on signal, the periodicity output of enhancing Duffing systems, can also be realized to optional frequency in mixed signal
It is identified with the ultrasonic guided wave signals of unknown frequency, accidental resonance model can strengthen ultrasonic guided wave signals in pipeline echo
Amplitude, even if the supersonic guide-wave in mixed signal is Weak Ultrasonic guided wave signals, can also be identified by accidental resonance model,
Detection efficiency during raising is actually detected.
2nd, the present invention is selecting the value of corresponding damping ratio at output signal amplitude maximum as the resistance of accidental resonance model
After Buddhist nun is than optimal value of the parameter, the echo-signal being collected into the duct using accidental resonance model inspection, it can be determined that in pipeline
It is whether defective, the small flaw detection sensitivity in pipeline is improved, with innovative significance, is had a wide range of applications.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 a are the time domain beamformer of the original input signal of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 2 b are the output displacement signal x of the embodiment of the present invention 2 time domain beamformer.
Fig. 2 c are the output speed signal y of the embodiment of the present invention 2 time domain beamformer.
Fig. 3 a are the power spectrum chart of the original input signal of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 b are the output displacement signal x of the embodiment of the present invention 2 power spectrum chart.
Fig. 3 c are the output speed signal y of the embodiment of the present invention 2 power spectrum chart.
Fig. 4 is the output signal and original input signal time domain waveform amplitude comparison diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is variation diagrams of the output signal amplitude B under the input signal amplitude A of the embodiment of the present invention 2 with damping ratio k.
Fig. 6 a are original when being input signal amplitude A=0.00001, the noise level D=0.00001 of the embodiment of the present invention 2
The time domain beamformer of input signal.
Fig. 6 b are exported when being input signal amplitude A=0.00001, the noise level D=0.00001 of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Displacement signal x time domain beamformer.
Fig. 6 c are exported when being input signal amplitude A=0.00001, the noise level D=0.00001 of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Rate signal y time domain beamformer.
Fig. 7 a are original when being input signal amplitude A=0.00001, the noise level D=0.00001 of the embodiment of the present invention 2
The power spectrum chart of input signal.
Fig. 7 b are exported when being input signal amplitude A=0.00001, the noise level D=0.00001 of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Displacement signal x power spectrum chart.
Fig. 7 c are exported when being input signal amplitude A=0.00001, the noise level D=0.00001 of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Rate signal y power spectrumanalysis figure.
Fig. 8 a are the original when embodiment of the present invention 2 is recognized to the ultrasonic guided wave signals of unknown frequency and the mixed signal of noise
The power spectrum chart of beginning input signal.
Fig. 8 b are defeated when the embodiment of the present invention 2 is recognized to the ultrasonic guided wave signals of unknown frequency and the mixed signal of noise
Go out rate signal y power spectrum chart.
Original input signal and output speed that Fig. 9 a obtain for the detection numerical simulation defect tracking of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Signal y sequence time domain waveform comparing result figures.
Original input signal and output speed that Fig. 9 b obtain for the detection numerical simulation defect tracking of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Signal y sequence powers compose comparing result figure.
Figure 10 a believe for the original input signal that the test experience defect tracking of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is obtained with output speed
Number y sequence time domain waveform comparing result figures.
The power spectrum chart for the original input signal that Figure 10 b obtain for the test experience defect tracking of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
The power spectrum for the output speed signal y sequences that Figure 10 c obtain for the test experience defect tracking of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Figure.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited
In this.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of supersonic guide-wave inspection of accidental resonance characteristic based on Duffing systems
Survey method, this method comprises the following steps：
S101, the Duffing systems based on free vibration, construct the accidental resonance model of ultrasonic guided wave detecting, this is random
Resonance model is used for the Weak Ultrasonic guided wave signals for detecting optional frequency；
Accidental resonance be in nature in numerous nonlinear systems (the present embodiment is Duffing systems) by inner or outer noise
A kind of universal phenomenon induced, its three fundamental occurred is nonlinear system, small-signal and noise, that is to say, that when
When realizing synergy between nonlinear system, small-signal and noise three, will occur accidental resonance, now system output letter
Number frequecy characteristic it is consistent with the frequency of input signal, and the amplitude of signal is greatly enhanced under the frequency；Accidental resonance utilizes non-
Linear system, under input signal and the synergy of noise, the signal to noise ratio of system output will be with the increase presentation of noise
First increase the trend subtracted afterwards, and peak value occur in a certain noise intensity；Stochastic Resonance Phenomenon is no longer that the simple noise that filters out is believed
Number, but under the booster action of noise, effectively using noise, strengthen the output of weak signal, its general principle is in non-thread
A part of noise energy is enabled to be transferred on signal in the presence of sexual system so that originally faint signal intensity increases greatly
By force, the nonlinear system enhancing periodically output caused by；Stochastic Resonance Phenomenon enhances the faint week in output signal
The amplitude of phase signal, and the signal to noise ratio of former mixed signal is improved, Stochastic Resonance Phenomenon is applied into faint supersonic guide-wave believes
Number detection in, by the frequency and spectral magnitude of the output signal of analyzing stochastic resonance system, former mixing letter can be identified
Whether contain ultrasonic guided wave signals in number；
S102, realize that the mode of accidental resonance mainly there are two kinds：On the one hand it can be realized by adding noise；The opposing party
Face, can be by adjusting the structural parameters of nonlinear system, and the present embodiment focuses on adjusting the parameter of Duffing systems, main
If adjusting the value of damping ratio, it is specially：Record is under fixed input signal amplitude, when changing damping ratio in accidental resonance model
Corresponding output signal amplitude, and change curve of the output signal amplitude with damping ratio is drawn out, selection output signal amplitude is most
The value of the corresponding damping ratio of general goal as accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter；
S103, after the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of selection accidental resonance model, using accidental resonance model realization to mixed
The filtering of signal is closed, the mixed signal is the mixed signal of ultrasonic guided wave signals and noise signal, can be mixed by observing input
The time domain waveform of signal, output displacement signal and output speed signal is closed, in input mixed signal and the ripple of output displacement signal
The ultrasonic guided wave signals that can not be observed in shape, can be observed in the waveform of output speed signal, illustrate to serve filtering drop
The effect made an uproar；Meanwhile, the identification using accidental resonance model realization to mixed signal, by input mixed signal, carry-out bit
The sequence of shifting signal and output speed signal carries out power spectrumanalysis, if input mixed signal, output displacement signal and output
One of power spectrum of rate signal has the frequency component consistent with original periodic signal frequency, that is, has obvious spectral line,
Then there are the periodic signal of the frequency, i.e. ultrasonic guided wave signals, illustrate to recognize in mixed signal using accidental resonance model
The ultrasonic guided wave signals of unknown frequency；
S104, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, using accidental resonance model inspection in pipe
The echo-signal being collected into road, judges whether defective in pipeline, is specially：Selecting the damping ratio of accidental resonance model most
After excellent parameter value, the echo-signal in excitation ultrasound guided wave signals, and collection conduit in the duct, by incidence wave and edge echo
Between signal input accidental resonance model；Power spectrumanalysis is carried out to the output signal of accidental resonance model, if in the presence of with institute
The consistent spectral line of excitation ultrasound guided wave signals frequency, illustrates there are ultrasonic guided wave signals in echo-signal, and the supersonic guide-wave is believed
Number it is caused by the defect reflection in pipeline, so as to illustrate defective presence in pipeline, if without obvious characteristic frequency, illustrating back
Without ultrasonic guided wave signals in ripple signal, so as to illustrate that pipeline is intact, zero defect is present in pipeline.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment carries out the small defect recognition of supersonic guide-wave and positioning, tool to pipeline by taking specific experiment as an example in laboratory
Body implementation process is as follows：
S1, the accidental resonance model for constructing ultrasonic guided wave detecting
S11, the Duffing systems for choosing free vibration, its expression formula are as follows：
Wherein, k is damping ratio, (- ax+bx3) it is nonlinear resilience item, corresponding potential function is
The present embodiment selects a=b=1, and changes potential function and beAnd then after being improved
Duffing systems are as follows：
The barrier height reduction of amended potential function, crosses the critical value reduction of the signal amplitude of potential well needs, can be with
The contrast of the lower two kinds of potential functions of signal to noise ratio of the signal of detection is as shown in table 1；
The different bistable potential function performance comparisons of table 1
S12, the ultrasonic guided wave signals expression formula through the modulation of Hanning windows are as follows：
Wherein, A is ultrasonic guided wave signals amplitude, and n is the single audio frequency number selected, ωc=2 π fc, fcIt is super for any actual measurement
The centre frequency of guided Waves；
The centre frequency of the ultrasonic guided wave signals excited in general hollow steel pipe is 70kHz, therefore the present embodiment is with 70
Inquired into exemplified by kHz, but the guided wave signals of arbitrary centre frequency can be recognized using this method；Due to accidental resonance mould
Type, can only detect the signal of low frequency, therefore, the centre frequency of ultrasonic guided wave signals be changed, i.e., according to 70kHz=0.07
(1/ μ s), ω=ωc=2 π 0.07rad/ μ s ≈ 0.4398, wherein during using quadravalence Runge-Kutta integration, integration step is
0.02μs；
S13, the accidental resonance model for constructing ultrasonic guided wave detecting, it is as follows：
Wherein, s (t) is above-mentioned ultrasonic guided wave signals, and n (t) is pure noise signal De (t), and e (t) divides to meet N (0,1)
The white Gaussian noise of cloth, D is noise level；
S14, selection suitable parameter k, A, fc, and D, when A is smaller, the motion of whole Duffing systems is to surround
The linear osccilation of one of bifocal, it is exactly ω that it, which vibrates angular frequency, and the displacement x output response forms of Duffing systems are as follows：
Wherein, the π of ω=2 f, f are the frequency that accidental resonance model exports response, and B is the amplitude of output signal,For phase
Position, xn(t) it is higher order harmonic wave, compared with the amplitude B of output signal, its amplitude very little is not almost observed；Formula (5) is asked
Leading to obtain, speedOutput response signal centre frequency still be fc, angular frequency is ωc, and assume speedOutput signal
Amplitude be C；
In the present embodiment, it is simple in order to describe, made in the applicationSpeed responsive is replaced with alphabetical y
S15, the centre frequency f for surveying supersonic guide-wavecThe relation exported with accidental resonance model between the frequency f of response expires
Foot：
fcΔ t=fh (6)
Wherein, Δ t is the sampling time interval of measured signal, and h is to solve Duffing using quadravalence-Runge Kutta method
The integration step of system, as h=Δ t, meets f=fc。
The optimal value of the parameter of damping ratio in S2, selection accidental resonance model
S21, noise item n (t)=0 made in formula (4), the amplitude A of fixed input signal s (t), change in formula (4) and damp
Value than k, using quadravalence-Runge Kutta method, solves the solution of formula (4), mainly obtains output signal amplitude B in formula (5)
Value；
S22, with k=0.075, A=0.0001, n (t)=0, fcExemplified by=0.07Hz, draw out be originally inputted letter respectively
The time domain beamformer and power spectrum of number (mixed signal of ultrasound waveguide and noise), output displacement signal x and output speed signal y
Figure, original input signal, output displacement signal x and output speed signal y time domain waveforms are respectively as shown in Fig. 2 a~2c, from figure
As can be seen that output displacement signal x and output speed signal y time domain waveform are consistent with the time domain waveform of original input signal,
So as to illustrate, three's frequency is consistent, and phase is different, compared to original input signal, output displacement signal x and output speed signal
Y amplitude increase；The power spectrum chart of original input signal, output displacement signal x and output speed signal y is respectively such as 3a~3c
It is shown；
S23, with k=0.075, A=0.0001, n (t)=0, fcExemplified by=0.07Hz, further verification step S22 conclusions
Reliability, and the time domain waveform of original input signal, output displacement signal x and output speed signal y is contrasted, marked
Corresponding A, B, C value, as a result as shown in Figure 4；
S24, the mode according to determination output signal amplitude B in step S24, it is determined that under fixed input signal amplitude A, output
Signal amplitude B with k change curve, as a result as shown in figure 5, as can be seen from the figure k=0.075 when, B takes maximum, i.e., defeated
Go out signal amplitude maximum, therefore, select k=0.075, be the optimal value of the parameter of damping ratio.
S3, the filtering using accidental resonance model realization to mixed signal, and realize the identification to mixed signal
S31, after the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of selection accidental resonance model, realize filtering to mixed signal, selection
The k values that step S24 is determined, i.e., with k=0.075, A=0.00001, D=0.00001, fcExemplified by=0.07Hz, original is drawn respectively
The time domain waveform of beginning input signal, output displacement signal x and output speed signal y, can from figure as shown in Fig. 6 a~6c
Go out, directly observe input signal and output displacement signal x waveform, it is impossible to observe ultrasonic guided wave signals, and observe output speed
Signal y waveform is spent, it is observed that obvious ultrasonic guided wave signals, the accidental resonance model serves the work of filtering noise reduction
With；
S32, the input signal in formula (3) and output signal be subjected to power spectrumanalysis, obtained result such as Fig. 7 a respectively
Shown in~7c, have as we can clearly see from the figure on the power spectrum of input signal and output signal x and y power spectrum chart with
The consistent frequency component of original periodic signal frequency, i.e., have obvious spectral line at 0.07Hz, i.e. amplitude maximum at the frequency, right
Than Fig. 6 a~6c and 7a~7c, it is found that output signal sequence y is more more stable than output signal sequence x, next mainly using defeated
Go out signal sequence y and carry out power spectrumanalysis；
S33, the value for further changing input signal amplitude A and noise level D, reduce the signal to noise ratio of mixed signal, and ask
Now under low signal-to-noise ratio, Mixed design signal and output sequence y power spectrum chart as shown in figure 8, it can be seen that due to
The influence of noise can not tell said frequencies component from input signal power spectrogram, and by observing output signal y power
Spectrogram, it can be found that there is an obvious spectral line at 0.07Hz, illustrates the periodic signal for having the frequency, i.e. ultrasonic guided wave signals, says
The detection of the bright faint guided wave signals that unknown frequency can be carried out using the Stochastic Resonance Detection System, the present embodiment is with 0.07Hz
Exemplified by illustrate the reliability of method.
S4, the echo-signal being collected into the duct using accidental resonance model inspection, judge whether defective in pipeline
After the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of selection accidental resonance model, using accidental resonance model, numerical value is detected respectively
Flaw echoes between the incidence wave and edge echo that are collected into simulated defect pipeline and experimental defects pipeline, will be treated
Signal input Duffing systems are surveyed, power spectrumanalysis is carried out to output signal；For detection numerical simulation defect tracking, obtain
Power spectrumanalysis result as shown in figure 9b, wherein input signal and output signal sequence y time domain waveforms are contrasted from such as Fig. 9 a institutes
Show；For test experience defect tracking, obtained power spectrumanalysis result as illustrated in figures 10b and 10c, wherein input signal with it is defeated
Go out the contrast of signal sequence y time domain waveforms from as shown in Figure 10 a；It is can be seen that from Fig. 9 a~9b and Figure 10 a~10c by incidence
Between ripple and edge echo flaw echoes input accidental resonance model, can identify in central defect echo exist with
The consistent frequecy characteristic of stimulating frequency, wherein, actually detected middle excitation ultrasound guided wave signals centre frequency is that 70kHz is fc=
70kHz, acquisition time is at intervals of Δ t=0.00000002s, and integration step is h=0.02s in this example, therefore passes through formula
(6) output signal frequency is obtained after calculating for 0.07Hz, i.e. f=0.07Hz, from power spectrumanalysis it is also seen that
There is obvious spectral line at 0.07Hz.Existing characteristics ultrasonic guided wave signals in this explanation echo-signal, further relate to two detections
It is defective in pipeline (numerical simulation defect tracking and experimental defects pipeline), that is, there is damage.
In summary, the present invention constructs the accidental resonance mould of ultrasonic guided wave detecting by the Duffing systems of free vibration
Type, selects the value of corresponding damping ratio at output signal amplitude maximum as the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of accidental resonance model,
Based on Stochastic Resonance Theory, can not only noise reduction be filtered to the mixed signal of ultrasonic guided wave signals and noise so that one
Point noise energy can be transferred on signal, the periodicity output of enhancing Duffing systems, can also be realized in mixed signal
The ultrasonic guided wave signals of optional frequency and unknown frequency are identified, and accidental resonance model, which can strengthen ultrasound in pipeline echo, leads
The amplitude of ripple signal, even if the supersonic guide-wave in mixed signal is Weak Ultrasonic guided wave signals, also may be used by accidental resonance model
To identify, the detection efficiency during raising is actually detected；In addition, utilizing returning that accidental resonance model inspection is collected into the duct
Ripple signal, it can be determined that whether defective in pipeline, improves the small flaw detection sensitivity in pipeline, with innovative significance,
Have a wide range of applications.
It is described above, it is only patent preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection domain of patent of the present invention is not limited to
This, any one skilled in the art is in the scope disclosed in patent of the present invention, according to the skill of patent of the present invention
Art scheme and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, belong to the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic based on Duffing systems, it is characterised in that：Methods described bag
Include：
S1, the Duffing systems based on free vibration, construct the accidental resonance model of ultrasonic guided wave detecting；
Corresponding output signal amplitude when S2, record change damping ratio under fixed input signal amplitude, in accidental resonance model,
And draw out the value of corresponding damping ratio at change curve of the output signal amplitude with damping ratio, selection output signal amplitude maximum
It is used as the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of accidental resonance model；
S3, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, using accidental resonance model realization to mixed signal
Filtering, and realize identification to mixed signal；Wherein, the mixed signal is the mixed of ultrasonic guided wave signals and noise signal
Close signal.
2. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic according to claim 1 based on Duffing systems, it is special
Levy and be：Methods described also includes：
S4, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, received in the duct using accidental resonance model inspection
The echo-signal collected, judges whether defective in pipeline.
3. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic according to claim 1 or 2 based on Duffing systems,
It is characterized in that：Step S1, is specifically included：
S11, the Duffing systems for choosing free vibration, its expression formula are as follows：
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And change potential function and beAnd then the Duffing systems after being improved, it is as follows：
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<mi>bx</mi>
<mn>5</mn>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
S12, the ultrasonic guided wave signals expression formula through the modulation of Hanning windows are as follows：
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>A</mi>
<mo>&lsqb;</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>c</mi>
<mi>o</mi>
<mi>s</mi>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
<mi>t</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&rsqb;</mo>
<mo>.</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>&omega;</mi>
<mi>c</mi>
</msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, A is ultrasonic guided wave signals amplitude, and n is the single audio frequency number selected, ωc=2 π fc, fcLed for any actual measurement ultrasound
The centre frequency of ripple；
S13, the accidental resonance model for constructing ultrasonic guided wave detecting, it is as follows：
<mrow>
<mover>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;&CenterDot;</mo>
</mover>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mover>
<mi>x</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
</mover>
<mo>-</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>3</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<msup>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>5</mn>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>s</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>4</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
Wherein, s (t) is above-mentioned ultrasonic guided wave signals, and n (t) is pure noise signal De (t), and e (t) is to meet N (0,1) distributions
White Gaussian noise, D is noise level；
S14, selection suitable parameter k, A, fc, and D, when A is smaller, the motion of whole Duffing systems is to surround bifocal
One of linear osccilation, it is exactly ω that it, which vibrates angular frequency, and the displacement x output response forms of Duffing systems are as follows：
Wherein, the π of ω=2 f, f are the frequency that accidental resonance model exports response, and B is the amplitude of output signal,For phase, xn
(t) it is higher order harmonic wave；Formula (5) derivation can be obtained, speedThe centre frequency of output response signal be still f, angular frequency is
ω, and assume speedOutput signal amplitude be C；
S15, the centre frequency f for surveying supersonic guide-wavecThe relation exported with accidental resonance model between the frequency f of response is met：
fcΔ t=fh (6)
Wherein, Δ t is the sampling time interval of measured signal, and h is to solve Duffing systems using quadravalence-Runge Kutta method
Integration step, as h=Δ t, meet f=fc。
4. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic according to claim 3 based on Duffing systems, it is special
Levy and be：Step S2, is specifically included：
S21, noise item n (t)=0 made in formula (4), the amplitude A of fixed input signal s (t) change damping ratio k in formula (4)
Value, using quadravalence-Runge Kutta method, solves the solution of formula (4), that is, obtains the value of output signal amplitude B in formula (5)；
S22, draw out under fixed input signal amplitude A, output signal amplitude B with k change curve, and on trade-off curve,
When output signal amplitude B takes maximum, corresponding damping ratio k value is the damping ratio optimal value of the parameter of accidental resonance model.
5. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic according to claim 3 based on Duffing systems, it is special
Levy and be：Step S3, is specifically included：
S31, selection accidental resonance model damping ratio optimal value of the parameter after, according to input signal amplitude A's and noise level D
Value, obtains the displacement x and speed of formula (4)
S32, mixed signal respectively to input, output displacement signal x and output speed signalSequence carry out power spectrum point
Analysis, to identify the ultrasonic guided wave signals in mixed signal；
S33, the value for changing input signal amplitude A and noise level D, repeat step S31 and S32.
6. the ultrasonic guided wave detecting method of the accidental resonance characteristic according to claim 2 based on Duffing systems, it is special
Levy and be：Step S4, is specifically included：
Echo-signal in S41, in the duct excitation ultrasound guided wave signals, and collection conduit, by incidence wave and edge echo it
Between signal input accidental resonance model；
S42, power spectrumanalysis is carried out to the output signal of accidental resonance model, if in the presence of with institute's excitation ultrasound guided wave signals frequency
Consistent spectral line, then it is defective in pipeline, if without obvious characteristic frequency, zero defect in pipeline.
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