CN107120243A - 一种基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法，其通过在风电叶片表面铺覆石墨烯加热膜，采用石墨烯加热膜与电极的连接结构设计，确保了石墨烯加热膜的加热稳定性及可靠性，同时采用石墨烯加热膜单侧电极的设计方式，能够有效减小对叶片外部形状的影响，不仅能有效解决风电叶片表面覆冰问题，实现风电机组在寒冷气候环境下的安全高效运行，而且还具有良好的工艺特性，易于在实际工作中应用推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于风力发电机技术领域，特别涉及一种基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法。
背景技术
风电机组在寒冷气候环境下运行时，在冬季机组叶片表面通常会发生较为严重的覆冰，覆冰后叶片的气动外形发生明显变化，将严重影响叶片的气动效率，使机组的发电效率下降，覆冰后机组和叶片载荷的也会增加，当三支叶片载荷和质量矩互差达到一定程度时，通常会引发机组的振动，从而影响机组的安全稳定运行。通常为了机组安全运行，叶片覆冰后机组将停止运行，因此风电叶片结冰将导致严重的发电量损失。
为了解决叶片表面覆冰的问题，目前主要有叶片表面喷涂超疏水防结冰涂料、热空气加热、叶片表面铺覆碳纤维布加热、叶片表面铺覆碳晶加热膜等除冰方法，但是现有除冰技术普遍存在以下问题：1、加热效果不够稳定可靠；2、由于设置了加热机构而对叶片外部形状影响较大；3、叶片加工制作工艺较为复杂，生产成本高且制作效率不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：针对上述存在的问题，提供一种能够快速加热并提升叶片表面温度，稳定可靠地实现叶片快速融冰、除冰的基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法。
本发明技术的技术方案是这样实现的：一种基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
a）在风电叶片成型过程中，预先在叶片剪切腹板上铺设好用于加热融冰系统的供电电源线，并预留一定长度；
b）在叶片脱模后，在风电叶片表面待加热区域喷涂一层石墨烯，形成石墨烯加热膜，并将石墨烯加热膜的电极与壳体内侧预设的电源线相连接，石墨烯加热膜可采用整体或分段喷涂的方式，电极可沿风电叶片弦向或展向的方式布置在石墨烯加热膜的边缘部；
c）电极安装好后，在电极表面和附近区域再喷涂一层石墨烯，所述喷涂的石墨烯形成石墨烯加热膜并将对应电极完全覆盖，且与风电叶片表面形成的石墨烯加热膜相连接；
d）最后将电源线与控制系统相连接，控制系统根据风场环境的温度和湿度信号，开启和关停加热系统供电电源。
本发明所述的基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法，其在所述步骤c）中，待石墨烯涂层固化后，在所述石墨烯加热膜表面铺覆一层绝缘层，再用防雷金属网覆盖住整个石墨烯加热膜铺覆区域，在防雷金属网表面铺覆一层双向玻璃纤维布，并在风电叶片表面喷涂防风沙耐腐蚀油漆。
本发明通过在风电叶片表面铺覆石墨烯加热膜，采用石墨烯加热膜与电极的连接结构设计，确保了石墨烯加热膜的加热稳定性及可靠性，同时采用石墨烯加热膜单侧电极的设计方式，能够有效减小对叶片外部形状的影响，不仅能有效解决风电叶片表面覆冰问题，实现风电机组在寒冷气候环境下的安全高效运行，而且还具有良好的工艺特性，易于在实际工作中应用推广。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的局部截面图。
图3是本发明中喷涂石墨烯的示意图。
图4是本发明中石墨烯加热膜的电极弦向布置的示意图。
图5是本发明中石墨烯加热膜的电极展向布置的示意图。
图6是本发明中电极铺设示意图。
附图标记：1为风电叶片，2为防雷金属网，3为绝缘层，4为石墨烯加热膜，5为电源线，6为控制系统，7为电极，8为叶片剪切腹板，9为保护层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明作详细的说明。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1-6所示，一种基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法，主要是在叶片成形后安装加热融冰系统，具体包括以下步骤：
a）在风电叶片1成型过程中，预先在叶片剪切腹板8上铺设好用于加热融冰系统的供电电源线5，并预留一定长度。
b）在叶片脱模后，在风电叶片1表面待加热区域喷涂一层石墨烯，形成石墨烯加热膜4，通常铺覆叶片结冰最严重的前缘壳体表面，并将石墨烯加热膜的电极7与壳体内侧预设的电源线5相连接，石墨烯加热膜4可采用整体或分段喷涂的方式，电极7可沿风电叶片1弦向或展向的方式布置在石墨烯加热膜4的边缘部。
c）电极7安装好后，在电极7表面和附近区域再喷涂一层石墨烯，所述喷涂的石墨烯形成石墨烯加热膜4并将对应电极7完全覆盖，且与风电叶片1表面形成的石墨烯加热膜4相连接，即电极内外侧的石墨烯加热膜连接在一起；待石墨烯涂层固化后，在所述石墨烯加热膜4表面铺覆一层绝缘层3，再用防雷金属网2（铝网或铜网）覆盖住整个石墨烯加热膜4铺覆区域，雷电流便可通过防雷金属网导入叶片防雷系统，以实现对叶片加热融冰系统的防雷保护，在防雷金属网2表面铺覆一层面密度较小的双向玻璃纤维布（400g/m2或200 g/m2）形成保护层9，并在风电叶片1表面喷涂防风沙耐腐蚀油漆，以保护叶片在运行过程中防雷金属网免受风沙侵蚀的影响。
d）最后将电源线与控制系统相连接，控制系统根据风场环境的温度和湿度信号，开启和关停加热系统供电电源，便可实现叶片加热融冰系统的正常运行。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
a）在风电叶片成型过程中，预先在叶片剪切腹板上铺设好用于加热融冰系统的供电电源线，并预留一定长度；
b）在叶片脱模后，在风电叶片表面待加热区域喷涂一层石墨烯，形成石墨烯加热膜，并将石墨烯加热膜的电极与壳体内侧预设的电源线相连接，石墨烯加热膜可采用整体或分段喷涂的方式，电极可沿风电叶片弦向或展向的方式布置在石墨烯加热膜的边缘部；
c）电极安装好后，在电极表面和附近区域再喷涂一层石墨烯，所述喷涂的石墨烯形成石墨烯加热膜并将对应电极完全覆盖，且与风电叶片表面形成的石墨烯加热膜相连接；
d）最后将电源线与控制系统相连接，控制系统根据风场环境的温度和湿度信号，开启和关停加热系统供电电源。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于石墨烯加热融冰的风电叶片制作方法，其特征在于：在所述步骤c）中，待石墨烯涂层固化后，在所述石墨烯加热膜表面铺覆一层绝缘层，再用防雷金属网覆盖住整个石墨烯加热膜铺覆区域，在防雷金属网表面铺覆一层双向玻璃纤维布，并在风电叶片表面喷涂防风沙耐腐蚀油漆。
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Cited By (5)
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| CN107894402A (zh) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种基于光纤光栅和石墨烯薄膜的结冰监测与融冰一体化系统 |
| CN108953076A (zh) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-07 | 陈伟伟 | 一种基于石墨烯加热膜的风电叶片加热融冰装置 |
| CN109707561A (zh) * | 2017-10-26 | 2019-05-03 | 吴金珠 | 防结冰叶片的制备方法及风力发电机组叶片 |
| CN109927318A (zh) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-25 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | 一种风电叶片的导线布置系统、风电叶片及其制备方法 |
| CN115805181A (zh) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-17 | 西南交通大学 | 一种柔性电热超疏水层PDMS-TiO2@GFs的制备方法 |
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