CN107119243A - The method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt - Google Patents

The method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107119243A
CN107119243A CN201710355917.7A CN201710355917A CN107119243A CN 107119243 A CN107119243 A CN 107119243A CN 201710355917 A CN201710355917 A CN 201710355917A CN 107119243 A CN107119243 A CN 107119243A
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China
Prior art keywords
stirring
head
shaft shoulder
cylindrical structure
diameter
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CN201710355917.7A
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CN107119243B (en
Inventor
吕赞
姬书得
岳玉梅
高双胜
马琳
杨康
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Shenyang Aerospace University
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Shenyang Aerospace University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/04General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

The method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, belongs to mixing yoghurt technical field.Including:Cylindrical structure to be processed is lain in a horizontal plane on fixture and clamping is fixed, the ultrasonic transformer of ultrasonic transducer is set perpendicular to cylindrical structure outer wall;Select stirring tool, make stirring tool perpendicular to horizontal plane, aclinal, and with cylindrical structure coaxial line, the preposition shaft shoulder rotates with stirring-head, and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder does not rotate;Make stirring-head penetrate cylindrical structure, make the ultrasonic transformer of ultrasonic transducer be moved with stirring-head;Head to be mixed is preheated completely into cylindrical structure, is then processed along cylindrical structure axis direction;Stirring tool includes grip shank, changeover portion, stirring-head, the preposition shaft shoulder and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder, and grip shank is fixedly connected by changeover portion with the rear end of stirring-head, and the front end of stirring-head is fixedly connected with the preposition shaft shoulder;Changeover portion diameter is less than stirring-head diameter, and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder is sleeved on outside changeover portion.

Description

The method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt the invention belongs to mixing yoghurt technical field The method for realizing inner structural wall nanosizing.This method can realize cast member, and the surface of such as cast aluminium is modified, and greatly improves material whole The performance of body.
Background technology
Surface machining nanosizing is to realize an important method of material surface nanosizing, refers to load loading outside Under multiple effect, material surface open grain structure is gradually refined by intense plastic strain until nanoscale.The conventional method used It is:Surface mechanical attrition/ultrasonic shot peening, rotation roll-in, supersonic microparticle bombardment etc..Mixing yoghurt (Friction stir Processing, FSP) it is to be proposed by doctor Mishra in the U.S., the method with crystal grain refinement is modified for Fine Texture of Material, Cause the severe plastic deformation of machining area material using stirring-head, it is mixing, broken, realize Fine Texture of Material refinement, Homogenization and densification, and then reach micron order, nanoscale.At present, this processing technology is closed in aluminium alloy or magnesium Application is achieved in terms of the material surface modifying of gold etc..But traditional mixing yoghurt needs mixing needle perpendicular to treating welding zone Domain, it is rotationally advancing and is processed, flat board, curved-surface structure outer surface is only applied at present.Although being stretched using devices such as mechanical arms Enter cylindrical inside vertically to process, but also limited by physical dimension.Accordingly, it would be desirable to it is a kind of simple, easy, cylinder knot can be realized The mixing yoghurt new method of structure inner-wall material nanosizing.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, present invention offer is a kind of to carry out surface modification to cylindrical structure inner surface The method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt.This method can solve the problem that traditional agitating friction adds Work need mixing needle perpendicular to material surface be processed the problem of, it is possible to achieve inner-wall material nanosizing;And Beater operator is signed an undertaking Structure is simple, and operation is easy, substantially increases operating efficiency.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:One kind is based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt The method for realizing inner structural wall nanosizing, comprises the following steps:
Step one:Cylindrical structure to be processed is lain in a horizontal plane on fixture and clamping is fixed, the fixture is in cylinder knot Structure outer wall has support, the ultrasonic transformer of ultrasonic transducer is set perpendicular to cylindrical structure outer wall, and form circumference array;
Step 2:The stirring tool of 0.4~1 millimeter bigger than cylindrical structure inner diameter of stirring-head diameter is selected, its is preposition Shaft shoulder diameter is equal to cylindrical structure inner diameter, and rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder diameter is bigger than stirring-head diameter 0.2~0.6 millimeter;
Step 3:Grip shank is fixedly connected with the live spindle of friction stir welding machine, by the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder and stirring Friction-welding machine is connected;Stirring tool is made perpendicular to horizontal plane, aclinal, and with cylindrical structure coaxial line, the preposition shaft shoulder is with stirring Head rotation is mixed, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder does not rotate;Stirring-head is made with the speed of 500~3000 revs/min of rotating speed, 3~5 millis m/min Cylindrical structure is penetrated, makes the ultrasonic transformer of ultrasonic transducer be moved with stirring-head, the ultrasonic frequency vibratory of the ultrasonic transducer For 20~60 KHzs, amplitude is 20~60 microns;Head to be mixed is completely into cylindrical structure, and stop is preheated, then It is processed with the speed of 500~3000 revs/min of rotating speed, 20~100 millis m/min along cylindrical structure axis direction, until whole Individual cylindrical structure inwall processing is once finished;In process, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder rolls cylindrical structure inner-wall material with weldering;
Step 4:When needing to carry out multi-pass processing according to product requirement, the stirring of every time stirring tool used Head diameter increases 0.4~1 millimeter than the stirring-head diameter that upper a time is used, and preposition shaft shoulder diameter is equal to upper a second processing Cylindrical structure inner diameter afterwards, rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder diameter is bigger 0.2~0.6 millimeter than the passage stirring-head diameter, processed The same step 3 of journey;
The stirring tool includes grip shank, changeover portion, stirring-head, the preposition shaft shoulder and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder, the clamping Handle is fixedly connected by changeover portion with the rear end of stirring-head, and the front end of stirring-head is fixedly connected with the preposition shaft shoulder;The changeover portion Diameter is less than stirring-head diameter, and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder is sleeved on outside changeover portion.
The grip shank is processed as one with changeover portion, and changeover portion is connected with stirring-head by bolt, the preposition shaft shoulder with Stirring-head is connected by bolt.
Front edge chamfering is provided with the front end of the stirring-head, the angle of the front edge chamfering is 2~5 °.
The outer surface of the changeover portion is provided with heat dam.
The external rear face of the stirring-head is provided with Left-hand threads, the forward outer surface of stirring-head is provided with the right hand Screw thread, the stirring-head outer surface between the Left-hand threads and right-hand thread is provided with two annular grooves, the annular groove at rear portion It is connected with Left-hand threads, anterior annular groove is connected with right-hand thread.
Stirring-head outer surface between described two annular grooves is additionally provided with 1~2 independent annular groove.
The material of the stirring tool be tool steel, steel alloy, stainless steel, hard alloy, nickel-base alloy, tungsten-bast alloy or Polycrystal cubic boron nitride.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1st, the present invention is the method that cylindrical structure inner wall surface is modified, and the cylindrical structure inner-wall material surfaces such as cast aluminium can be achieved Modified, by ultrasonic wave added Surface Machining, inner wall surface material grains are refined, and size reaches nanosizing rank, carries significantly The high performance of material surface;
2nd, in process, stirring tool is moved along cylindrical structure axis direction, and tradition mixing yoghurt can be achieved Indeterminable cylindrical structure inwall processing;
3rd, in process, material flows along Left-hand threads and right-hand thread to stirring-head intermediate cross-section, effectively prevents Material overflows, and forms defect;Preposition shaft shoulder diameter is equal with cylindrical structure inner diameter, prevents in process stirring-head by material Material is extruded into defect;The rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder does not rotate, and is rolled with process, it is to avoid material overflows, arc line and surface occurs Depression, improves surface property;
4th, method process of the invention is easy to operate, and stirring tool is simple in construction, it is considered to different cylindrical structure sizes, Can flexibly it replace.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation for the stirring tool that method of the invention is used;
Fig. 2 is the process sectional view of one embodiment of the method for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the process schematic diagram of one embodiment of the method for the present invention;
In figure:1- grip shanks, 2- changeover portions, 2-1- heat dams, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulders of 3-, 4- stirring-heads, 4-1- front end edges Edge chamfering, the preposition shaft shoulders of 5-, 6- stirring tools, the ultrasonic transformer of 7- ultrasonic transducers, 8- mother metals/cylindrical structure, 9- supports, 10- Left-hand threads, 11- annular grooves, 12- right-hand threads;
H- stirs grease head highness, D- stirring-head diameters, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder diameters of Dbs-, the preposition shaft shoulder diameters of Dfs-, D0- circles Rod structure inner diameter.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the present embodiment, needed to carry out single pass processing according to product requirement.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, a kind of method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, Comprise the following steps:
Step one:Cylindrical structure 8 to be processed is lain in a horizontal plane on fixture and clamping is fixed, the fixture is in cylinder knot The outer wall of structure 8 has support 9, prevents the radial deformation of cylindrical structure 8 in process, by the ultrasonic transformer 7 of ultrasonic transducer perpendicular to The outer wall of cylindrical structure 8 is set, and forms circumference array;
Step 2:Big 0.6 millimeter than cylindrical structure inner diameter D0 of stirring-head diameter D stirring tool 6 is selected, its is preposition Shaft shoulder diameter Dfs is bigger than stirring-head diameter D 0.4 millimeter equal to cylindrical structure inner diameter D0, rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder diameter Dbs, Inner diameter should leave allowance before cylindrical structure 8 is processed, and processing can meet production requirement after being thinned;
Step 3:Grip shank 1 is fixedly connected with the live spindle of friction stir welding machine, by the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 with stirring Friction-welding machine is mixed to be connected;Stirring tool 6 is made perpendicular to horizontal plane, aclinal, and with the coaxial line of cylindrical structure 8, the preposition shaft shoulder 5 Rotated with stirring-head 4, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 does not rotate;Stirring-head 4 is made to be pricked with the speed of 3000 revs/min of rotating speed, 5 millis m/min Enter cylindrical structure 8, make the ultrasonic transformer 7 of ultrasonic transducer be moved with stirring-head 4, ultrasonic wave is transmitted and amplified, the ultrasonic transduction The ultrasonic frequency vibratory of device is 40 KHzs, and amplitude is 40 microns;To be mixed first 4, completely into cylindrical structure 8, stop 3 Second is preheated, and is then processed with the speed of 3000 revs/min of rotating speed, 60 millis m/min along the axis direction of cylindrical structure 8, Until the processing of the whole inwall of cylindrical structure 8 is once finished;In process, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 rolls cylindrical structure 8 with weldering Inner-wall material, depth is rolled for 0.1~0.3 millimeter with weldering;
The stirring tool 6 is including grip shank 1, changeover portion 2, stirring-head 4, the preposition shaft shoulder 5 and rearmounted solid without needle construction Dead axle shoulder 3, the grip shank 1 is fixedly connected by changeover portion 2 with the rear end of stirring-head 4, the front end of stirring-head 4 and the preposition shaft shoulder 5 are fixedly connected, and the setting of the preposition shaft shoulder 5 can prevent that the stirring-head 4 of rotation at a high speed in process is soft by the inwall of cylindrical structure 8 Change material extrusion, form defect;The changeover portion diameter is less than stirring-head diameter D, and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 is sleeved on changeover portion 2 Outside, the setting of the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 can prevent material from flowing out, and make the inner wall surface of cylindrical structure 8 smooth, improve surface quality.Institute State grip shank 1 to be processed as one with changeover portion 2, changeover portion 2 is connected with stirring-head 4 by bolt, makes stirring-head 4 can be according to reality Border cylindrical structure inner diameter is changed, and the preposition shaft shoulder 5 is connected with stirring-head 4 by bolt, makes the preposition shaft shoulder 5 can basis Practical columnar inner structural wall diameter is changed, and the preposition shaft shoulder 5, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 and stirring-head 4 are detachably, more Change;The fit clearance of the preposition shaft shoulder 5, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder 3 and stirring-head 4 is not more than 0.3 millimeter, prevents material from squeezing into.Institute The outer surface for stating changeover portion 2 is provided with three heat dam 2-1, and heat dam 2-1 setting can reduce welding heat production to agitating friction The influence of welding machine live spindle;Front edge chamfering 4-1, the front edge chamfering are provided with the front end of the stirring-head 4 4-1 angle is 2 °.
The external rear face of the stirring-head 4 is provided with Left-hand threads 10, is provided with the forward outer surface of stirring-head 4 Right-hand thread 12, with the rotation of stirring-head 4, material flow tendency is to screw thread intermediate flow;It is left according to actual processing effect Hand screw thread 10 and right-hand thread 12 along axial length can and it is unequal.Between the Left-hand threads 10 and right-hand thread 12 The outer surface of stirring-head 4 is provided with two annular grooves 11, and the annular groove at rear portion is connected with Left-hand threads 10, anterior annular groove with Right-hand thread 12 is connected;In order to improve mobility, the outer surface of stirring-head 4 between described two annular grooves 11 is additionally provided with 1~2 independent annular groove.
The material of the stirring tool 6 is tool steel, steel alloy, stainless steel, hard alloy, nickel-base alloy, tungsten-bast alloy Or polycrystal cubic boron nitride etc., it may be reused.
The ultrasonic transformer 7 of the ultrasonic transducer, which is set, is no less than 8, can be by controlling along the axis of cylindrical structure 8 and circumference It is mobile, do not interfere with the outer wall fixture of cylindrical structure 8;It is along the axis translational speed of cylindrical structure 8 and the process velocity one of stirring-head 4 Cause, circumferentially rotary speed is not more than 5 millis m/min.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of method that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, it is characterised in that including such as Lower step:
Step one:Cylindrical structure to be processed is lain in a horizontal plane on fixture and clamping is fixed, the fixture is outside cylindrical structure Wall has support, the ultrasonic transformer of ultrasonic transducer is set perpendicular to cylindrical structure outer wall, and form circumference array;
Step 2:Select the stirring tool of 0.4~1 millimeter bigger than cylindrical structure inner diameter of stirring-head diameter, its preposition shaft shoulder Diameter is equal to cylindrical structure inner diameter, and rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder diameter is bigger than stirring-head diameter 0.2~0.6 millimeter;
Step 3:Grip shank is fixedly connected with the live spindle of friction stir welding machine, by the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder and agitating friction Welding machine is connected;Stirring tool is made perpendicular to horizontal plane, aclinal, and with cylindrical structure coaxial line, the preposition shaft shoulder is with stirring-head Rotation, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder does not rotate;Stirring-head is made to be penetrated with the speed of 500~3000 revs/min of rotating speed, 3~5 millis m/min Cylindrical structure, makes the ultrasonic transformer of ultrasonic transducer be moved with stirring-head, and the ultrasonic frequency vibratory of the ultrasonic transducer is 20 ~60 KHzs, amplitude is 20~60 microns;Head to be mixed is completely into cylindrical structure, and stop is preheated, then with 500 ~3000 revs/min of rotating speed, the speed of 20~100 millis m/min are processed along cylindrical structure axis direction, until whole cylinder Inner structural wall processing is once finished;In process, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder rolls cylindrical structure inner-wall material with weldering;
Step 4:When needing to carry out multi-pass processing according to product requirement, the stirring-head of every time stirring tool used is straight Footpath increases 0.4~1 millimeter than the stirring-head diameter that upper a time is used, and preposition shaft shoulder diameter is equal to after upper a second processing Cylindrical structure inner diameter, rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder diameter is bigger 0.2~0.6 millimeter than the passage stirring-head diameter, and process is same Step 3;
The stirring tool includes grip shank, changeover portion, stirring-head, the preposition shaft shoulder and the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder, and the grip shank is led to Cross changeover portion to be fixedly connected with the rear end of stirring-head, the front end of stirring-head is fixedly connected with the preposition shaft shoulder;The changeover portion diameter Less than stirring-head diameter, the rearmounted fixed shaft shoulder is sleeved on outside changeover portion.
2. the method according to claim 1 that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, its Be characterised by that the grip shank is processed as one with changeover portion, changeover portion is connected with stirring-head by bolt, the preposition shaft shoulder with Stirring-head is connected by bolt.
3. the method according to claim 1 that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, its It is characterised by being provided with front edge chamfering in the front end of the stirring-head, the angle of the front edge chamfering is 2~5 °.
4. the method according to claim 1 that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, its It is characterised by that the outer surface of the changeover portion is provided with heat dam.
5. the method according to claim 1 that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, its It is characterised by that the external rear face in the stirring-head is provided with Left-hand threads, and the right hand is provided with the forward outer surface of stirring-head Screw thread, the stirring-head outer surface between the Left-hand threads and right-hand thread is provided with two annular grooves, the annular groove at rear portion It is connected with Left-hand threads, anterior annular groove is connected with right-hand thread.
6. the method according to claim 5 that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, its It is characterised by that the stirring-head outer surface between described two annular grooves is additionally provided with 1~2 independent annular groove.
7. the method according to claim 1 that inner structural wall nanosizing is realized based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt, its Be characterised by the material of the stirring tool for tool steel, steel alloy, stainless steel, hard alloy, nickel-base alloy, tungsten-bast alloy or Polycrystal cubic boron nitride.
CN201710355917.7A 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 The method for realizing inner structural wall nanosizing based on ultrasonic wave added mixing yoghurt Expired - Fee Related CN107119243B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108637467A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-10-12 山东大学 A kind of ultrasonic energy combined based on roller and stirring-head is laterally applied to device and method
CN109773326A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-05-21 沈阳航空航天大学 The mixing yoghurt device and method of cylindrical structure inner wall for Diameter Gradual Change

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103071917A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-01 沈阳航空航天大学 Ultrasonic-assisted semisolid stirring friction processing process under controlled cooling environment
CN103121145A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-29 沈阳航空航天大学 Method for manufacturing ultra-fine grain/nanocrystalline board and based on ultrasonic wave assistance semi-solid state stirring friction processing technology
CN103131981A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-06-05 沈阳航空航天大学 Ultrasonic wave assistance semi-solid state stirring friction processing method capable of achieving material surface ultra-fine grain or nanocrystallization

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103071917A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-01 沈阳航空航天大学 Ultrasonic-assisted semisolid stirring friction processing process under controlled cooling environment
CN103121145A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-05-29 沈阳航空航天大学 Method for manufacturing ultra-fine grain/nanocrystalline board and based on ultrasonic wave assistance semi-solid state stirring friction processing technology
CN103131981A (en) * 2013-02-07 2013-06-05 沈阳航空航天大学 Ultrasonic wave assistance semi-solid state stirring friction processing method capable of achieving material surface ultra-fine grain or nanocrystallization

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108637467A (en) * 2018-05-21 2018-10-12 山东大学 A kind of ultrasonic energy combined based on roller and stirring-head is laterally applied to device and method
CN108637467B (en) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-12 山东大学 A kind of ultrasonic energy combined based on roller and stirring-head is laterally applied to device and method
CN109773326A (en) * 2019-01-15 2019-05-21 沈阳航空航天大学 The mixing yoghurt device and method of cylindrical structure inner wall for Diameter Gradual Change

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