CN107118406A - 一种纺织皮辊用橡胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种纺织皮辊用橡胶及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107118406A
CN107118406A CN201610101160.4A CN201610101160A CN107118406A CN 107118406 A CN107118406 A CN 107118406A CN 201610101160 A CN201610101160 A CN 201610101160A CN 107118406 A CN107118406 A CN 107118406A
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weaving roller
conductive
rubber
roller rubber
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CN107118406B (zh
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王景平
骆雪
杨晨啸
李鹂
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Hong Kong Research Institute of Textiles and Apparel Ltd
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Abstract

本发明一种纺织皮辊用橡胶及其制备方法。该纺织皮辊用橡胶以丁腈橡胶为主体，添加导电粉末与导电条索，通过混炼工艺，在所述丁腈橡胶中形成网结结构，使得该纺织皮辊用橡胶具有较高的导电率，可以及时导出静电，并且有较好的适于纺织皮辊的机械性能，可用于细纱机、粗纱机、并条机等纺织机械零件。

Description

一种纺织皮辊用橡胶及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织皮辊用材料，更具体的说，涉及一种以丁腈橡胶为主体、添加导电粉末与导电条索的高导电高机械性能橡胶作为纺织皮辊用橡胶，以及该纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法。
背景技术
纺织皮辊或牵伸罗拉，英文名称textile top roller指具有喂给、牵伸纱线、输出纱线等作用的圆柱形回转零件。牵伸罗拉是纺纱机牵伸机构的主要零件，由上罗拉和下罗拉成对组成罗拉拑口，握持纱条进行牵伸。罗拉的质量直接影响输出纱条的均匀度。现有的纺纱过程中，为了能均匀地握持纤维，又不损伤纤维，纺纱机械上所用的罗拉表面均包覆有弹性物。
丁腈橡胶，英文名称Nitrile Butadiene Rubber，简称NBR，是一种合成橡胶，为由丙烯腈与丁二烯单体聚合而成的共聚物，耐油性(尤其是烷烃油)极好、耐磨性较高、气密性好、耐热性较好、粘接力强、耐老化性能较好等优点。丁腈橡胶是一种常规的纺织皮辊包覆物。在对一些特殊纤维使用过程中，由于和丁腈橡胶两种材料的电子逸出功差距较大，皮辊与纤维之间极易摩擦产生静电。当静电不能及时导出，就会产生纤维绕辊的现象。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种纺织皮辊用橡胶及其制备方法，解决现有纺织皮辊用橡胶容易与纤维之间摩擦产生静电、静电导出不及时的问题。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案为：提供一种纺织皮辊用橡胶，以丁腈橡胶为主体添加导电粉末和导电条索，通过预混工艺流程，所述导电粉末、导电条索在所述丁腈橡胶中形成网结结构。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述网结结构包括导通网络和导通结点，所述导电条索构成所述导通网络，所述导电粉末构成所述导通结点。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，包括如下质量比的组分：丁腈橡胶100份、导电粉末10～40份、导电条索0.5～8份、增塑剂6～15份、防老剂1～2份、硫化剂2.5～4.5份、氧化锌3～5份。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述丁腈橡胶为羧基丁腈橡胶。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述导电粉末为导电炭黑或者金属粉末，其电导率小于10Ω·cm，粒径小于200μm。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述导电条索为碳纳米管或纳米银线，外径为10～20nm，长度5～15μm。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述增塑剂包括石蜡、二辛酯、凡士林、硬脂酸中的至少一种。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述防老剂包括二苯胺类445、二苯胺类4010NA、喹啉类RD中至少的一种。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶中，所述硫化剂为过氧化物硫化剂。
本发明还提供一种纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S100、塑炼：称取丁腈橡胶，分二次塑炼，每次塑炼30～40分钟，塑炼温度控制在35～50℃，第一次塑炼完毕后放置3～4小时再进行第二次塑炼，第二次塑炼完毕后放置10～15小时，得到塑炼料；
S200、预混：在少量液体丁腈橡胶按比例添加导电条索，进行预混，得到预混料；
S300、混炼：将增塑剂加入到所述塑炼料中混炼，在混炼过程中先后按比例加入导电粉末和预混料，然后加入防老剂、氧化锌，混炼均匀；最后加入硫化剂混炼3～4分钟后卸料，混炼过程温度控制在35～40℃；
S400、硫化：硫化温度为150～160℃，硫化时间为15～40分钟。
在本发明提供的纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法中，各组分的质量比如下：丁腈橡胶100份、导电粉末10～40份、导电条索0.5～8份、增塑剂6～15份、防老剂1～2份、硫化剂2.5～4.5份、氧化锌3～5份。
本发明还提供一种纺织皮辊用橡胶的使用方式，将上述纺织皮辊用橡胶，或者将使用上述方法制备的纺织皮辊用橡胶，作为皮辊的主体材料，或者作为皮辊的外表面涂层。
实施本发明，具有如下有益效果：本发明的纺织皮辊用橡胶具有较高的导电率，可以及时导出静电，并且有较好的适于纺织皮辊的机械性能，可用于细纱机，粗纱机，并条机等纺织机械零件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明纺织皮辊用橡胶中导电物质的结构示意图；
图2为本发明纺织皮辊用橡胶的应用情形之一的结构示意图；
图3为本发明纺织皮辊用橡胶的应用情形之二的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
本发明的纺织皮辊用橡胶，以丁腈橡胶为主体添加导电粉末和导电条索，通过预混工艺流程，导电粉末、导电条索在丁腈橡胶中形成网结结构。网结结构包括导通网络和导通结点，导电条索构成导电条索，导电粉末构成导通结点。该纺织皮辊用橡胶包括如下质量比的组分：丁腈橡胶100份、导电粉末10～40份、导电条索0.5～8份、增塑剂6～15份、防老剂1～2份、硫化剂2.5～4.5份、氧化锌3～5份。在成品纺织皮辊用橡胶中，导电粉末与导电条索形成“苹果树结构”，导电粉末构成的导电体和导电条索构成的导电通路互相连接。当导电粉末在橡胶中添加的份额达到一定值，继续添加导电粉末电导率并未有明显的增加时，添加导电条索，少量的导电条索可继续大幅度提高导电橡胶的电导率，并使橡胶的耐磨性和回弹性明显提高。
优选的，本发明使用的丁腈橡胶为羧基丁腈橡胶。使用的导电粉末为导电炭黑或者金属粉末，其电导率小于10Ω·cm，粒径小于200μm。导电碳黑是导电橡胶最常用的导电相，成本低廉，且对橡胶有明显的增强作用。导电炭黑可以使用金属粉末替代。
优选的，本发明使用的导电条索为碳纳米管或纳米银线，外径为10～20nm，长度5～15μm。碳纳米管是上世纪90年代发现，本世纪开始工业化的一种新型的最有前途的纳米材料之一，其具有非常好的电导率和力学性能；如果添加到橡胶中不仅能提高橡胶的电导率，也能够提高橡胶的回弹性和稳定性。碳纳米管可以使用纳米银线替代。
橡胶混炼过程中，导电炭黑先于碳纳米管的加入。碳纳米管在加入混炼前，先与液体丁腈橡胶进行预混，以帮助碳纳米管在丁腈橡胶内的分散。
优选的，本发明使用的增塑剂包括石蜡、二辛酯、凡士林、硬脂酸中的至少一种。防老剂包括二苯胺类445、二苯胺类4010NA、喹啉类RD中至少的一种。硫化剂为过氧化物硫化剂，例如氧化二异丙苯(DCP)。
图1示出了本发明纺织皮辊用橡胶中导电物质的结构，如图1所示，本发明的纺织皮辊用橡胶，以丁腈橡胶为主体，添加导电粉末与导电条索，通过混炼工艺，形成类似“苹果树”的网结结构，导电条索形成的导通网络结构构成苹果树的树枝1，导电粉末的结点结构构成苹果树上的苹果2。使得该纺织皮辊用橡胶具有较高的导电率和适于纺织皮辊的高机械性能。导电条索为但不限于碳纳米管或纳米银线。导电粉末为但不限于导电炭黑或金属粉末等粉状导电材料。“树枝1”和“苹果2”的添加顺序应为“苹果2”先而“树枝1”后。
本发明的纺织皮辊用橡胶，可以作为皮辊的主体材料，如图2所示，或者作为皮辊的外表面涂层，如图3所示。对于皮辊特殊颜色要求，可通过添加无色或浅色填料达成。
实施例1
本实施例的纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1、原料准备：称取丁腈橡胶100份、导电炭黑40份、碳纳米管8份、增塑剂15份、防老剂2份、硫化剂4.5份、氧化锌5份。增塑剂为石蜡、防老剂为二苯胺类445、硫化剂为氧化二异丙苯。
2、塑炼：丁腈橡胶分二次塑炼，每次塑炼30分钟，塑炼温度控制在35～40℃，第一次塑炼完毕后放置3小时再进行第二次塑炼，第二次塑炼完毕后放置10小时，得到塑炼料；
3、预混：在少量液体丁腈橡胶按比例添加碳纳米管，进行预混，得到预混料；
4、混炼：将增塑剂加入到所述塑炼料中混炼，在混炼过程中先后按比例加入导电炭黑和预混料，然后加入防老剂、氧化锌，混炼均匀；最后加入硫化剂混炼4分钟后卸料，混炼过程温度控制在35℃；
5、硫化：硫化温度为160℃，硫化时间为15分钟。
通过上述工艺制备的导电丁腈橡胶抗张强度>15MPa，断裂伸长率>300％，体积电阻率>1.1×10-4Ω·cm。
实施例2
本实施例的纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1、原料准备：称取丁腈橡胶100份、导电炭黑10份、碳纳米管0.5份、增塑剂6份、防老剂1份、硫化剂2.5份、氧化锌3份。增塑剂为二辛酯和凡士林各3份、防老剂为二苯胺类4010NA、硫化剂为氧化二异丙苯。
2、塑炼：丁腈橡胶分二次塑炼，每次塑炼40分钟，塑炼温度控制在40～50℃，第一次塑炼完毕后放置4小时再进行第二次塑炼，第二次塑炼完毕后放置15小时，得到塑炼料；
3、预混：在少量液体丁腈橡胶按比例添加碳纳米管，进行预混，得到预混料；
4、混炼：将增塑剂加入到所述塑炼料中混炼，在混炼过程中先后按比例加入导电炭黑和预混料，然后加入防老剂、氧化锌，混炼均匀；最后加入硫化剂混炼3分钟后卸料，混炼过程温度控制在40℃；
5、硫化：硫化温度为150℃，硫化时间为40分钟。
通过上述工艺制备的导电丁腈橡胶抗张强度>15MPa，断裂伸长率>350％，体积电阻率>1.4×10-4Ω·cm。
实施例3
本实施例的纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1、原料准备：称取丁腈橡胶100份、导电炭黑20份、碳纳米管2份、增塑剂10份、防老剂2份、硫化剂3份、氧化锌3份。增塑剂为石蜡和二辛酯各5份、防老剂为喹啉类RD、硫化剂为氧化二异丙苯。
2、塑炼：丁腈橡胶分二次塑炼，每次塑炼30分钟，塑炼温度控制在40～45℃，第一次塑炼完毕后放置3小时再进行第二次塑炼，第二次塑炼完毕后放置10小时，得到塑炼料；
3、预混：在少量液体丁腈橡胶按比例添加碳纳米管，进行预混，得到预混料；
4、混炼：将增塑剂加入到所述塑炼料中混炼，在混炼过程中先后按比例加入导电炭黑和预混料，然后加入防老剂、氧化锌，混炼均匀；最后加入硫化剂混炼4分钟后卸料，混炼过程温度控制在35℃；
5、硫化：硫化温度为160℃，硫化时间为15分钟。
通过上述工艺制备的导电丁腈橡胶抗张强度>15MPa，断裂伸长率>300％，体积电阻率>1.3×10-4Ω·cm。
实施例4
本实施例的纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1、原料准备：称取丁腈橡胶100份、导电炭黑30份、碳纳米管3份、增塑剂12份、防老剂1.5份、硫化剂4份、氧化锌3～5份。增塑剂为石蜡和硬脂酸各6份、防老剂为二苯胺类4010NA、硫化剂为氧化二异丙苯。
2、塑炼：丁腈橡胶分二次塑炼，每次塑炼30分钟，塑炼温度控制在35～40℃，第一次塑炼完毕后放置3小时再进行第二次塑炼，第二次塑炼完毕后放置10小时，得到塑炼料；
3、预混：在少量液体丁腈橡胶按比例添加碳纳米管，进行预混，得到预混料；
4、混炼：将增塑剂加入到所述塑炼料中混炼，在混炼过程中先后按比例加入导电炭黑和预混料，然后加入防老剂、氧化锌，混炼均匀；最后加入硫化剂混炼4分钟后卸料，混炼过程温度控制在35℃；
5、硫化：硫化温度为160℃，硫化时间为15分钟。
通过上述工艺制备的导电丁腈橡胶抗张强度>15MPa，断裂伸长率>300％，体积电阻率>1.2×10-4Ω·cm。
上述实施例中导电炭黑可以使用金属粉末替代，碳纳米管可以使用纳米银线替代，得到的纺织皮辊用橡胶性能近似。
应当理解，以下技术方案仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，以丁腈橡胶为主体添加导电粉末和导电条索，通过预混工艺流程，所述导电粉末、导电条索在所述丁腈橡胶中形成网结结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，所述网结结构包括导通网络和导通结点，所述导电条索构成所述导通网络，所述导电粉末构成所述导通结点。
3.根据权利要求1所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，包括如下质量比的组分：丁腈橡胶100份、导电粉末10～40份、导电条索0.5～8份、增塑剂6～15份、防老剂1～2份、硫化剂2.5～4.5份、氧化锌3～5份。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任意一项所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，所述丁腈橡胶为羧基丁腈橡胶；所述导电粉末为导电炭黑或者金属粉末，其电导率小于10Ω·cm，粒径小于200μm；所述导电条索为碳纳米管或纳米银线，外径为10～20nm，长度5～15μm。
5.根据权利要求4所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，所述增塑剂包括石蜡、二辛酯、凡士林、硬脂酸中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，所述防老剂包括二苯胺类445、二苯胺类4010NA、喹啉类RD中至少的一种。
7.根据权利要求4所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，其特征在于，所述硫化剂为过氧化物硫化剂。
8.一种纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
S100、塑炼：称取丁腈橡胶，分二次塑炼，每次塑炼30～40分钟，塑炼温度控制在35～50℃，第一次塑炼完毕后放置3～4小时再进行第二次塑炼，第二次塑炼完毕后放置10～15小时，得到塑炼料；
S200、预混：在少量液体丁腈橡胶按比例添加导电条索，进行预混，得到预混料；
S300、混炼：将增塑剂加入到所述塑炼料中混炼，在混炼过程中先后按比例加入导电粉末和预混料，然后加入防老剂、氧化锌，混炼均匀；最后加入硫化剂混炼3～4分钟后卸料，混炼过程温度控制在35～40℃；
S400、硫化：硫化温度为150～160℃，硫化时间为15～40分钟。
9.根据权利要求8所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶的制备方法，其特征在于，各组分的质量比如下：丁腈橡胶100份、导电粉末10～40份、导电条索0.5～8份、增塑剂6～15份、防老剂1～2份、硫化剂2.5～4.5份、氧化锌3～5份。
10.权利要求1～7中任意一项所述的纺织皮辊用橡胶，或者权利要求8或9制备的纺织皮辊用橡胶，作为皮辊的主体材料，或者作为皮辊的外表面涂层。
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