CN107110029A - 用于机动车的阀装置 - Google Patents

用于机动车的阀装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107110029A
CN107110029A CN201580058900.4A CN201580058900A CN107110029A CN 107110029 A CN107110029 A CN 107110029A CN 201580058900 A CN201580058900 A CN 201580058900A CN 107110029 A CN107110029 A CN 107110029A
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Prior art keywords
flap
flow channel
valve gear
hydrophobic
housing
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CN201580058900.4A
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English (en)
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R-J·艾夫勒
W·格佩尔
P·维尔特罗斯
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F02D9/1075—Materials, e.g. composites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
    • F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
    • F02D9/1075—Materials, e.g. composites
    • F02D9/1085—Non-organic materials, e.g. metals, alloys, ceramics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/11—Manufacture or assembly of EGR systems; Materials or coatings specially adapted for EGR systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/50—Arrangements or methods for preventing or reducing deposits, corrosion or wear caused by impurities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/70—Flap valves; Rotary valves; Sliding valves; Resilient valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/65—Constructional details of EGR valves
    • F02M26/72—Housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K25/00—Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
    • F16K25/005—Particular materials for seats or closure elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/0209—Check valves or pivoted valves
    • F16K27/0218—Butterfly valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的阀装置，具有壳体(1)、位于壳体中的流动通道(2)、布置在流动通道中的用于封闭流动通道(2)的阀瓣(3)以及布置在流动通道(2)中的阀座(8)，其中所述阀瓣(3)具有如下区域，在这些区域中固定着穿透所述阀瓣的轴(4)，并且所述轴(4)以可转动的方式支承在壳体(1)中，所述阀座在阀瓣(3)处于关闭位置时与阀瓣相接触。所述流动通道(2)通过配备有等离子体覆层的方式被设计得疏水或亲水。

Description

用于机动车的阀装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的阀装置，具有壳体、位于壳体中的流动通道、布置在流动通道中的用于封闭流动通道的阀瓣和布置在流动通道中的阀座，其中所述阀瓣固定在轴上，所述轴以可转动的方式支承在壳体中，并且所述阀座在阀瓣处于关闭位置时与阀瓣相接触。
背景技术
这类阀装置例如被用作节流阀管口或排气再循环阀且早已已知。通过以可转动的方式支承的阀瓣可以完全关闭流动通道或者打开流动通道以便因此调整质量流率。在此，在不利的环境影响下在流动通道中和阀瓣上会出现结冰。尤其是在停靠的车辆上，当所述阀瓣处于仅释放流动通道的小缝隙的紧急运行位置上时，阀瓣的该位置容易形成结冰。该结冰影响阀瓣的均匀的运动过程。在最严重情况下，结冰阻止通过阀瓣对流动通道的紧密封闭或小幅打开。为此已知，通过在壳体中环绕流动通道延伸一与内燃机的水冷却回路连接的通道来加热阀装置的壳体。冷却水因此起到加热壳体的作用。该阀装置的缺点在于，由于冷却介质通道以及与之连接的接口造成的复杂的壳体设计。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种阀装置，利用该阀装置能够把流动通道中和/或阀瓣上的结冰危险减小到最小程度。
该目的通过独立权利要求的特征实现。
通过给流动通道配备等离子体覆层，流动通道被设计得疏水或亲水，从而避免了水的附着和/或结冰，或者至少将其减少至如此程度，以至于避免阀瓣的卡死或阀瓣的不均匀运动。在此，在疏水的设计方案中，小的水量造成的结冰并不严重，因为这种冰在阀瓣运动时会无损害地被轻易去除，所以在此已经足够了。在亲水的设计方案中也会导致该效果，因为亲水的表面会吸引水，水于是大量地从表面上流下并因此在流动通道中和/或阀瓣上仅留下非常薄的水膜，该水膜会在结冰时轻易破裂。由于流动通道和/或阀瓣的该设计方案，无需其他措施来防止在阀装置中结冰。尤其是无需在壳体中设置用于加热阀装置的通道。由此可以明显减少壳体成本。此外，根据本发明的阀装置由于不存在通道接口所以需要明显更小的结构空间。在本发明意义上，疏水设计还被理解为超疏水或疏冰的设计，亲水设计还被理解为超亲水的设计。同样有利的是，所述阀瓣通过配备有等离子体覆层被设计得疏水或亲水。
如果等离子体覆层被设计在两个部件中的仅一个上，则利用疏水的设计方案实现了成本降低。但在各种不同条件下都证实有效的是流动通道和阀瓣的疏水的设计方案。
在一有利的实施方案中，所述疏水的设计方案在于疏水的覆层，该涂层以低成本施加到流动通道中和/或阀瓣上。
如果仅流动通道中的阀座的区域或流动通道中的阀座区域的附近具有疏水的或亲水的等离子体覆层，则可进一步减少覆层成本。
同样，如果疏水的等离子体覆层仅布置在阀瓣一侧上的话，则可以减少覆层的成本。
疏水的或亲水的等离子体覆层主要通过覆层的材料特性实现疏水或亲水的效果，而根据另一设计方案，所述疏水的或亲水的设计可以通过流动通道或阀瓣的纳米级结构化的表面产生。
如果流动通道仅在阀座和/或阀瓣的区域中和/或仅在一侧上具有纳米级结构化的表面，则可以减小用于施加纳米级结构化的表面的成本。
附图说明
参照实施例详述本发明。附图示出：
图1示出根据本发明的阀装置，
图2示出根据图1的阀装置的流动通道。
具体实施方式
图1示出节流阀管口，具有壳体1、位于壳体中的流动通道2，在该流动通道中布置有盘状的阀瓣3。所述阀瓣3与轴4固定连接并且所述轴4以可转动的方式支承在壳体1中。所述轴4被布置在壳体1中的电动机5驱动，其中在轴4和电动机5之间连接着传动机构6。
图2以剖面图示出根据图1的流动通道2的一部分。盘状的阀瓣3借助于焊接以不可相对转动的方式固定连接在轴4上。在所示的示意图中，所述阀瓣3几乎打开一半。密封在此通过密封环7实现，其布置在阀瓣3的槽中。在关闭位置上，所述阀瓣3封闭流动通道2。阀瓣3封闭流动通道2的圆柱形区域是阀座8。无论是圆柱形的阀座8还是所述阀瓣3都通过被施加等离子体覆层的方式配备有疏水的或亲水的覆层。
利用等离子体覆层为阀瓣和/或阀座的材料罩上薄的层，通过等离子体对喷入其中的粉末的作用产生该薄层。所述阀瓣和/或阀座可以为此由金属、例如铝或钢制成，或者还由塑料制成。
所述阀瓣和/或所述阀座可以例如在非常彻底的清洁之后被置入真空腔室中并且固定在此。该腔室可以视工艺而定被抽真空，直至残余气体压力达到在高真空或超真空范围内为止。之后，使工作气体(通常为氩气)通过高敏度的阀进入并且通过不同的能量引入方法(例如微波、高频、放电)点燃低压等离子体。
除了工作气体，也可以放入其他气体(例如甲烷、乙炔、氮气)。在低压等离子体中，电子具有如此高的能量，使得能够产生在热平衡中所不能实现的化学反应。这在此情况下被称作反应性等离子体，因为在工件上沉积了反应物。反应性等离子体可以与喷镀工艺组合成所谓的反应性喷涂。
视所选择的前体而定，向等离子体中的喷入粉末可以导致离析出疏水的或亲水的层。在此，被离析出的层的化学组成可以进一步受到离析速度、离析角度和其它参数的影响。也可以实现的100nm(纳米)的层厚度，该层厚度可以视离析率而变化。
在根据本发明的等离子体覆层中可以使用有机硅化合物作为前体。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于机动车的阀装置，具有壳体、位于壳体中的流动通道、布置在流动通道中的用于封闭该流动通道的阀瓣以及布置在流动通道中的阀座，其中所述阀瓣具有如下区域，在这些区域中固定着穿透所述阀瓣的轴，所述轴以可转动的方式支承在壳体中，所述阀座在阀瓣处于关闭位置时与阀瓣相接触，其特征在于，所述流动通道(2)通过配备有等离子体覆层的方式被设计得疏水或亲水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阀装置，其特征在于，所述阀瓣(3)通过配备有等离子体覆层的方式被设计得疏水或亲水。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阀装置，其特征在于，所述流动通道(2)仅在阀座(8)的区域中具有疏水的或亲水的等离子体覆层。
4.根据权利要求2所述的阀装置，其特征在于，所述阀瓣(3)仅在一侧具有疏水的或亲水的等离子体覆层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的阀装置，其特征在于，所述流动通道(2)和/或所述阀瓣(3)设计具有纳米级结构化的表面，该表面起到疏水或亲水作用并且配备有等离子体覆层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的阀装置，其特征在于，所述流动通道(2)仅在阀座(8)的区域中具有纳米级结构化的表面。
7.根据权利要求6所述的阀装置，其特征在于，所述阀瓣(3)仅在一侧具有纳米级结构化的表面。
CN201580058900.4A 2014-10-30 2015-10-23 用于机动车的阀装置 Withdrawn CN107110029A (zh)

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DE102014222240.0A DE102014222240A1 (de) 2014-10-30 2014-10-30 Ventilvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102014222240.0 2014-10-30
PCT/EP2015/074638 WO2016066550A1 (de) 2014-10-30 2015-10-23 Ventilvorrichtung für ein kraftfahrzeug

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EP (1) EP3212973A1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO2016066550A1 (zh)

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