CN107104551A - 用于电气化车辆的热管理组件 - Google Patents

用于电气化车辆的热管理组件 Download PDF

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CN107104551A
CN107104551A CN201710096268.3A CN201710096268A CN107104551A CN 107104551 A CN107104551 A CN 107104551A CN 201710096268 A CN201710096268 A CN 201710096268A CN 107104551 A CN107104551 A CN 107104551A
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coolant channel
winding
motor
stator
channel component
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CN107104551B (zh
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普拉萨德·黛芙·哈努玛拉古提
迈克尔·W·德格内尔
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2306/05—Cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/60—Electric Machines, e.g. motors or generators
    • B60Y2400/604—AC Machines, e.g. asynchronous motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/207—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium with openings in the casing specially adapted for ambient air
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/906—Motor or generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种用于电气化车辆的热管理组件。一种用于车辆的电机可包括定子、转子和冷却剂通道组件。定子可包括限定腔的芯和设置在所述腔内并部分地突出到所述腔外的绕组。转子可具有适于邻近所述绕组设置在所述腔内的尺寸。冷却剂通道组件可包括缠绕所述绕组的部分地突出的部分的通道，使得所述通道与所述绕组彼此热连通。冷却剂通道可限定圆形或矩形的横截面。冷却剂通道可在其中限定翅片以在流动通过其中的冷却剂中引起湍流。冷却剂通道和所述绕组可被布置为使得所述冷却剂通道组件直接接触所述绕组。所述冷却剂通道组件可缠绕为使得所述冷却剂通道组件的一部分部分地设置在所述多个基部之间。

Description

用于电气化车辆的热管理组件
技术领域
本发明涉及用于电气化车辆的电机的一部分的热管理组件。
背景技术
电气化车辆(诸如，电池电动车辆(BEV)和插电式混合动力车辆(PHEV))的扩展驱动范围技术在不断改进。然而，相比于先前的BEV和PHEV，实现这些增大的范围通常需要牵引电池和电机具有更高的功率输出和关联的热管理系统以具有增大的容量。
发明内容
一种用于车辆的电机包括定子、转子和冷却剂通道组件。定子包括限定腔的芯和设置在所述腔内并部分地突出到所述腔外的绕组。转子具有适于邻近所述绕组设置在所述腔内的尺寸。冷却剂通道组件包括缠绕所述绕组的部分地突出的部分的通道，使得所述通道与所述绕组彼此热连通。冷却剂通道可限定圆形或矩形的横截面。冷却剂通道中可限定有翅片以在流动通过冷却剂通道的冷却剂中引起湍流。冷却剂通道和所述绕组可被布置为使得所述冷却剂通道组件直接接触所述绕组。所述冷却剂通道组件的材料可以为非金属的，使得在电机的运转期间电机的电磁特性不减弱。所述冷却剂通道组件可以与所述定子间隔开。所述绕组可限定彼此间隔开的多个基部。所述冷却剂通道组件可被缠绕为使得所述冷却剂通道组件的一部分部分地设置在所述多个基部之间。
一种用于车辆的电机组件包括定子、多个导线、转子和冷却剂通道。定子限定腔。多个导线围绕所述腔设置以产生磁场，每个导线包括从所述腔内延伸出来的基部和从所述基部延伸出来的突出部。转子具有适于设置在所述腔内的尺寸，使得所述多个导线的一部分位于定子和转子之间。冷却剂通道位于所述基部之间并缠绕所述突出部，并且所述冷却剂通道限定入口和出口。定子可限定多个孔，所述多个孔具有适于使所述多个导线的每个基部延伸通过的尺寸。所述多个导线的基部中的每个可彼此间隔开。冷却剂通道可缠绕所述多个导线的突出部的角度在90度和180度之间。冷却剂通道的内表面可限定用于在流动通过冷却剂通道的冷却剂中引起湍流的一个或更多个特征。冷却剂通道可直接接触所述多个导线的突出部。
一种电气化车辆包括电机、牵引电池和螺旋的冷却剂通道。电机包括被布置为产生电能或机械能的定子、转子和导线。牵引电池电连接到电机。螺旋的冷却剂通道连续地缠绕导线的在定子外部的端部绕组的一部分，并在螺旋的冷却剂通道的相对两端限定入口和出口。定子可限定用于使导线的基部延伸穿过其中的多个孔，使得导线的端部绕组与定子间隔开。螺旋的冷却剂通道可在导线的基部之间延伸。螺旋的冷却剂通道可限定圆形或矩形的横截面。螺旋的冷却剂通道的内表面可限定一个或更多个翅片，以在流动通过冷却剂通道的冷却剂中引起湍流。螺旋的冷却剂通道可直接接触定子外部的导线的端部绕组的一部分。入口和出口可定位成彼此邻近。
附图说明
图1是示出电气化车辆的示例的示意图。
图2是电机的示例的透视图。
图3是用于电机(诸如图2中的电机)的壳体的透视图。
图4是图3的电机的一部分的侧视截面图。
图5是包括热管理组件的一部分的电机的一部分的示例的透视图。
图6是图5的热管理组件的一部分的详细视图。
图7是图5的热管理组件的一部分的前视截面图。
图8是用于电机的热管理组件的冷却剂通道的示例的前视截面图。
图9是用于电机的热管理组件的冷却剂通道的示例的前视截面图。
具体实施方式
在此描述本公开的实施例。然而，应理解公开的实施例仅为示例，并且其它实施例可采用各种可替代的形式。附图无需按比例绘制；可夸大或最小化一些特征以显示特定部件的细节。因此，在此公开的具体结构和功能细节不应解释为限制，而仅为教导本领域技术人员以多种形式使用本公开的代表性基础。本领域普通技术人员应理解，参考任一附图示出和描述的各个特征可以与在一个或更多个其它附图中示出的特征组合以形成未明确示出或描述的实施例。示出的特征的组合为典型应用提供代表性实施例。然而，与本公开的教导一致的特征的各种组合和变型可期望用于特定的应用或实施方式。
图1示出了PHEV(在此称为车辆12)的示例的示意图。车辆12可以包含机械地连接至混合动力传动装置16的一个或更多个电机14。电机14能够作为马达或发电机运转。此外，混合动力传动装置16可机械地连接至发动机18。混合动力传动装置16还可机械地连接至驱动轴20，驱动轴20机械地连接至车轮22。当发动机18开启或关闭时电机14能够提供推进和减速能力。电机14还可用作发电机并且可以通过回收在摩擦制动系统中通常将作为热损失的能量而提供燃料经济性效益。由于在特定状况下混合动力电动车辆12可以在电动模式或混合动力模式下运转以减小车辆12的总燃料消耗，因此电机14还可提供减小的污染排放。
牵引电池或电池组24存储并提供电机14可以使用的能量。牵引电池24可从牵引电池24内的一个或更多个电池单元阵列(有时称为电池单元堆)提供高电压直流(DC)输出。电池单元阵列可包括一个或更多个电池单元。牵引电池24可通过一个或更多个接触器(未显示)电连接至一个或更多个电力电子模块26。一个或更多个接触器可在断开时将牵引电池24与其它部件隔离并在闭合时将牵引电池24连接至其它部件。电力电子模块26还可电连接至电机14并在牵引电池24和电机14之间提供双向传输电能的能力。例如，牵引电池24可提供直流(DC)电压而电机14可能需要三相交流(AC)电压运转。电力电子模块26可以将DC电压转换为电机14需要的三相AC电压。在再生模式中，电力电子模块26可将来自用作发电机的电机14的三相AC电压转换为牵引电池24需要的DC电压。本文描述的部分同样适用于纯电动车辆。对于纯电动车辆，混合动力传动装置16可以是连接至电机14的变速箱并且可以没有发动机18。
牵引电池24除了提供用于推进的能量之外，还可为其它车辆电气系统提供能量。DC/DC转换器模块28可将牵引电池24的高电压DC输出转换为与其它车辆负载兼容的低电压DC供应。其它高电压负载(诸如，压缩机和电加热器)可直接连接到高电压而不使用DC/DC转换器模块28。低电压系统可电连接至辅助电池30(例如12V电池)。
电池电气控制模块(BECM)33可与牵引电池24通信。BECM 33可用作牵引电池24的控制器并且还可包括管理每个电池单元的温度和荷电状态的电子监测系统。牵引电池24可具有温度传感器31，诸如热敏电阻或其它温度计。温度传感器31可与BECM 33通信以提供关于牵引电池24的温度数据。温度传感器31还可位于牵引电池24内的电池单元上或其附近。还可以设想使用一个以上的温度传感器31监测电池单元的温度。
例如，车辆12可以是包括用于PHEV、FHEV、MHEV或BEV的部件的电气化车辆。牵引电池24可通过外部电源36进行再充电。外部电源36可以连接至电源插座。外部电源36可电连接至电动车辆供电设备(EVSE)38。EVSE 38可提供调整和管理电源36和车辆12之间的电能传输的电路和控制。外部电源36可将DC或AC电功率提供至EVSE 38。EVSE 38可具有用于插入车辆12的充电端口34的充电连接器40。充电端口34可以是配置为从EVSE38传输电力至车辆12的任何类型的端口。充电端口34可电连接至充电器或车载电力转换模块32。电力转换模块32可调节从EVSE 38供应的电力以提供至牵引电池24的适合的电压和电流水平。电力转换模块32可以与EVSE 38交互以协调至车辆12的电力输送。EVSE连接器40可具有与充电端口34的对应凹入(recess)匹配的插脚。
讨论的各个部件可具有控制和监测部件的运转的一个或更多个关联的控制器。控制器可以经由串联总线(例如控制器局域网(CAN))或经由离散导体来通信。
用于电机的热管理组件的现有示例可将油引入至电机的某些部分用于冷却目的。油可滴落或喷洒到电机的导线端部绕组上。然而，由于冷却剂流动的不均匀性，这种实践在冷却端部绕组方面可能不是非常有效。空气冷却式热管理组件是用于辅助管理电机的热状况的组件的另一个示例。在这个示例中，风扇或鼓风机可位于所述端部绕组附近以将空气推入其中用于冷却目的。
图2示出了用于电气化车辆的电机的示例，在此总体上称为电机100。电机100可包括定子芯102和转子106。电气化车辆可包括两个电机。其中一个电机可主要用作电动机，另一个电机可主要用作发电机。电动机可运转用于将电力转换为机械动力，发电机可运转用于将机械动力转换为电力。定子芯102可限定内表面108和腔110。转子106可具有适于布置在腔110内并在腔110内运转的尺寸。轴(未示出)可以可操作地连接到转子106以驱动转子106旋转。
绕组120可设置在定子芯102的腔110内。在电机电动机示例中，电流可供给到绕组120以获得转子106上的旋转力。在电机发电机示例中，通过转子106的旋转而在绕组120上产生的电流可被移走以驱动车辆部件。绕组120的一部分(在此称为端部绕组126)可从腔110突出。在电机的运转期间，热可沿着绕组120和端部绕组126产生。
图3示出了保持车辆部件的壳体的示例，在此称为壳体130。可保持在壳体130内的车辆部件的示例包括电机100或车辆变速器。盖140可固定到壳体130。图4示出了图3的一部分的剖视图。盖140可以与定子芯102布置在一起，使得腔由盖140限定以容纳从定子芯102延伸的端部绕组126。例如，由盖140限定的腔可具有使得从定子芯102突出的端部绕组126设置在腔内的尺寸。
图5示出了电机(在此总体上称为电机200)的一部分的示例。图5中未示出转子，以使其它部件可以被更清楚的看到。电机可包括定子202和端部绕组210。定子202可在其中限定腔212。端部绕组210可设置在腔212内并在定子202的两侧上从定子突出。例如，定子202可限定用于端部绕组210的基部220延伸穿过的孔。所述孔可彼此间隔开以影响端部绕组210的基部220的间隔。
基部220可具有使得使端部绕组210与定子202间隔开的尺寸。端部绕组210可绕着定子202延伸360度。冷却剂通道组件可缠绕端部绕组210，以使冷却剂从中流过。在操作期间，冷却剂可协助管理端部绕组210的热状况。例如，冷却剂通道组件可包括冷却剂通道230。冷却剂通道230可以以螺旋方式围绕端部绕组210连续延伸。冷却剂通道230可以与端部绕组210直接接触或与端部绕组210间隔开。冷却剂通道230可以是非金属材料的，使得在电机运转期间电机200的电磁特性不减弱。可以基于封装空间和期望性能，使冷却剂通道230缠绕端部绕组210成各种角度。例如，冷却剂通道230可以局部地缠绕端部绕组210的角度在90度到180度之间。
基部220可彼此间隔开而为冷却剂通道230的一部分提供空间。例如，冷却剂通道230的一部分可在端部绕组210的基部220之间延伸，如图6中更详细示出的。冷却剂通道230可包括入口238和出口240，以辅助从冷却剂通道230接收或移走冷却剂。入口238和出口240可邻近彼此定位或基于冷却剂通道230缠绕端部绕组210的角度而间隔开。根据封装空间和期望特性，冷却剂通道230的尺寸和形状可限定多种构造。
图7至图9示出了可由冷却剂通道(诸如，如上所述的冷却剂通道230)限定的截面的示例。例如，图7以截面形式示出了冷却剂通道230。在这个示例中，冷却剂通道230限定大体上为矩形的形状。冷却剂通道230的内表面可限定辅助影响流动通过其中的冷却剂的湍流的特征。例如，翅片242可由冷却剂通道230的内表面限定。翅片242可限定多种形状并且可位于冷却剂通道230内的多个位置处。图8示出了可限定大体上圆形形状的冷却剂通道260的示例。图9示出了可限定大体上三角形形状的冷却剂通道264的示例。
说明书中使用的词语是描述性词语而非限制性词语，并且应理解的是，可在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下做出各种改变。如前所述，可将各个实施例的特征进行组合以形成本发明未明确描述或示出的进一步的实施例。虽然对于一个或更多个期望的特性，各个实施例已经被描述为提供优点或优于其它实施例或现有技术的实施方式，但是本领域的普通技术人员应认识到，根据特定的应用和实施方式，一个或更多个特征或特性可被折衷以实现期望的整体系统属性。这些属性可包括但不限于：成本、强度、耐用性、生命周期成本、市场性、外观、包装、尺寸、可维护性、重量、可制造性、易组装性等。因此，被描述为在一个或更多个特性方面不如其它实施例或现有技术实施方式合意的实施例并不在本公开的范围之外，并可被期望用于特定的应用。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于车辆的电机，包括：
定子，包括限定腔的芯和设置在所述腔内并部分地突出到所述腔外的绕组；
转子，具有适于邻近所述绕组设置在所述腔内的尺寸；
冷却剂通道组件，包括缠绕所述绕组的部分地突出的部分的通道，使得所述通道与所述绕组彼此热连通。
2.如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，冷却剂通道限定圆形或矩形的横截面。
3.如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述冷却剂通道组件中限定有翅片，以在流动通过所述冷却剂通道组件的冷却剂中引起湍流。
4.如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述冷却剂通道组件和所述绕组被布置为使得所述冷却剂通道组件直接接触所述绕组。
5.如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述冷却剂通道组件的材料为非金属的，使得在电机的运转期间电机的电磁特性不减弱。
6.如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述冷却剂通道组件与所述定子间隔开。
7.如权利要求1所述的电机，其中，所述绕组限定彼此间隔开的多个基部，其中，所述冷却剂通道组件缠绕为使得所述冷却剂通道组件的一部分部分地设置在所述多个基部之间。
8.一种用于车辆的电机组件，包括：
定子，限定腔；
多个导线，围绕所述腔设置以产生磁场，每个导线包括从所述腔内延伸出来的基部和从所述基部延伸出来的突出部；
转子，具有适于设置在所述腔内的尺寸，使得所述多个导线的一部分位于定子和转子之间；
冷却剂通道，位于所述基部之间并缠绕所述突出部，并且所述冷却剂通道限定入口和出口。
9.如权利要求8所述的电机组件，其中，定子限定多个孔，所述多个孔具有适于使所述多个导线的每个基部延伸通过的尺寸。
10.一种电气化车辆，包括：
电机，包括被布置为产生电能或机械能的定子、转子和导线；
牵引电池，电连接到电机；
螺旋的冷却剂通道，连续地缠绕导线的在定子外部的端部绕组的一部分，并在螺旋的冷却剂通道的相对两端限定入口和出口。
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