CN107103188A - A kind of determination method of urban river ecological flow threshold - Google Patents
A kind of determination method of urban river ecological flow threshold Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in river course, the long sequence diurnal courses data of website are represented in river course to be determined by choosing, catastrophe point is extracted, determine the separation of selected period in long sequence；Ecological discharge component index analysis is carried out using EFCs methods, intensity of variation of each flow component in different times is determined, identifies the influence flow component to river ecological；Choose the tolerance flow velocity and the river cross-section parameter of different times of feature fish in river course to be determined, with influence flow component when the good period river cross-section parameter of historical ecology and generation different brackets flow, it is used as the constraints of control river ecological, and present situation river cross-section is taken to, calculate the ecological flow threshold value under present situation river cross-section.Result of calculation is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of determination method of urban river ecological flow threshold.
Background technology
River is increasingly valued by people as the civilized important component of urban ecology, its ecological condition.But
Due to the fast development of urbanization, mankind's activity is all generated to the physical arrangement, hydrologic regime and ecological environment of urban river
Large effect.And River Hydrology situation is the core of river ecology research, determines and influence the material of river ecosystem
Circulation, energy process, physical habitat situation and biological interaction.Meanwhile, city river is in urbanization process, to adapt to
The need for urban development, river course is different from nature river course, the sinuous degree of city river in terms of form, function and space
Low, form of fracture is single；River channelization and lining cutting are serious, are lost substantially with the mass exchange function of surrounding environment, to surrounding and
Ecological enabling capabilities reduce in river course；Because urban land use rate is high, there is many factories, residential block etc. in river course bank,
It is squeezed river course spatial dimension.The change of city river morphosis will cause changing for hydrologic regime and habitat in river course
Become, negatively affected so as to be given birth to the aquatic bio in river course.
At present, many researchs are expanded for River Hydrology situation, Zhang Hongbo etc. have studied treasured using variability area method
Influence of the chicken gorge diversion to Weihe River hydrology function and the ecosystem, as a result show Baoji gorge diversion works to Weihe River hydrology function and
The influence of the ecosystem is larger, seriously hinders the realization of river ecological function；Happy grade is by taking the bent river of mud as an example, it is proposed that a kind of
The method for calculating ecological flow value using average and variability hydrologic regime threshold difference, to maintain the river health ecosystem to provide
Support；The ecological significance waited forward according to different flow form is worn, the ecological flow pedigree in Caobai River area is divided into 5
Grade, and the flow pedigree in two periods is analyzed, it is proposed that corresponding ecological protection measure.
But, the studies above is directed to the hydrologic regime of natural river, and the minimum ecological discharge in river is calculated, and
The hydrologic regime of city river for being influenceed by moisturizing and outer water transfer is developed and ecological flow threshold value research is less, is unfavorable for city
The recovery of city's hydraulic condition of river situation and ecological management.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above problems, it is proposed that a kind of determination method of river channel ecology flow threshold, and the present invention exists
On the basis of the urban river hydrology situation quantitative evaluation before and after human driving, according to the water regime of urban river, utilize
The composition of Ecological discharge is carried out reclassification by EFCs methods, is identified to the maximum composition of hydraulic condition of river situation disturbance, to go through
The hydrology hydraulic indexes of flow composition, as the control condition in city present situation river course, are tied simultaneously in good ecological environment period in history
Feature species in river course are closed, to the condition of compatibility of hydraulic characteristic(s), to obtain the complete ecological flow threshold range of urban river, be city
The recovery of city's hydraulic condition of river situation and ecological management and scheduling can provide the foundation of science.
Meaning good ecological environment period of the invention refers to ecological condition in the period of before catastrophe point.Namely near-nature forest shape
Condition.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in river course, comprises the following steps：
(1) the long sequence diurnal courses data that website is represented in river course to be determined are chosen, catastrophe point is extracted, determines in long sequence
The separation of selected period；
(2) Ecological discharge component index analysis is carried out using EFCs methods, determines each flow component when different
The intensity of variation of phase, identifies and maximum flow component is disturbed to River Hydrology situation；
(3) the tolerance flow velocity (sensing flow velocity) and the river cross-section of different times of feature fish in river course to be determined are chosen
Parameter；
(4) maximum flow component is disturbed for hydrologic regime, with the hydrology hydraulic parameter such as flow velocity of the component
And the good phase river cross-section parameter of historical ecology, as the constraints of control river ecological, it is taken to present situation river course and breaks
The upper limit or lower limit of ecological flow threshold value under face, calculating present situation river cross-section；
(5) with the tolerance flow velocity of feature fish in river course or sensing flow velocity, as constraints, calculate under present situation section
Another boundary value of river channel ecology flow threshold.
In the step (1), the separation of period according to selected by long sequence determines the length and quantity in each period.
Specifically include period after near-nature forest state period, urbanization initial development period and the comprehensive regulation.
In the step (2), changing rule of the Xiaoqinghe River different flow composition in different times is analyzed using EFCs methods
And the rate of change of each hydrology index is calculated, identifying influences obvious flow composition on river ecological.
In the step (2), the rate of change in each period of each Ecological discharge component is the ecological environment stream
Measure the difference and the desired value in good ecological environment period of desired value of the component in the desired value in certain period and good ecological environment period
The ratio between.
In the step (3), the sample that feature fish refer to most representational fish in river course to be determined or collected
This most fish.
In the step (3), feature fish, which exist to give birth to the physiology that flow velocity is coerced, to be responded, i.e. part in fish life cycle
Or whole life stages rely on certain hydrodynamic conditions, and fish growth is different to suitable degree different in flow rate.
In the step (4), when the degree of change in low discharge and extremely low flow is maximum, illustrate river ecological bottom threshold
Destroyed, should be according to the sensing flow velocitys (flow) of feature fish in river course, in combination with section parameter, using Chezy formula meter
The flow velocity and Froude number F in the river course of calculationr, obtain urban river ecological threshold lower limit.For ecological flow threshold value
Higher limit, then need feature fish in the crest discharge (flow velocity) of small flood and river course that the river occurred within the good ecological environment phase
The tolerance flow (flow velocity) of class is compared, and the greater in both determines higher limit.
In the step (4), when the degree of change of high flow capacity and small flood is maximum, illustrate that the upper limit of river ecological threshold value meets with
To destruction, flow, the calculating of flow velocity are also calculated using Chezy formula and obtained, and calculates Froude number now.For ecological flow
The lower limit of threshold value is measured, then needs the sense of feature fish in low discharge value that the river occurred within the good ecological environment phase and river course
The flow (flow velocity) is answered to be compared, the greater in both determines the lower limit of ecological flow threshold value.
In the step (4), when diluvial degree of change is maximum, illustrate that River Flood pressure is larger, now should be to prevent
Based on flood, ecology is taken into account.That is the ecology in river course cannot function as constraining the essential condition of the discharge of river (flow velocity), therefore the present invention
No longer calculate ecological flow threshold value now.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：City River Aquatic of the present invention before and after to human driving
On the basis of literary situation quantitative evaluation, according to the water regime of urban river, using EFCs methods by the group of Ecological discharge
Into reclassification is carried out, identify to the maximum composition of hydraulic condition of river situation disturbance, when constituting good ecological environment in history with the flow
The tolerance flow velocity (sensing flow velocity) of feature fish, is used as city present situation city river course in hydrology hydraulic indexes and river course in phase
Control condition, and calculate river channel ecology flow threshold, is that the recovery and ecological management and scheduling of city river hydrology situation can
The foundation of offer science.
Meanwhile, it is capable to it is the ecological flow threshold value science for ensureing to determine, accurate, contribute to the recovery of city river hydrology situation
And ecological management.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the application, do not constitute the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is the inventive method schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the invention three periods annual rainfall and mean annual precipitation figure；
Fig. 3 is the average daily changes in runoff feature schematic diagrames of embodiments of the invention 1960-2014.
Embodiment：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
Indicate, all technologies and scientific terminology that the present invention is used have logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
As background technology is introduced, in the prior art for the water in the city inland river road influenceed by moisturizing and outer water transfer
Literary situation is developed and ecological safety threshold value research is less, is unfavorable for recovery and the ecological management of city river hydrology situation.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps altogether：
Read historical data
The long sequence diurnal courses data that website is represented in river course are read, catastrophe point is extracted, when determining selected in long sequence
The separation of section, the separation of period according to selected by long sequence determines the length and quantity in each period.Specifically include near
Period after nature period, urbanization initial development period and the comprehensive regulation.
Mann-Kendall method abbreviation M-K methods, are a kind of distribution-free test methods suitable for Non-Gaussian Distribution.This method
Advantage be that the interference of extremum in data can be excluded there is certain Statistical Distribution without sample, and count
Calculate easy, sequence variations are diagnosed in terms of being widely used in research rainfall, runoff in hydrology.
For the time series X (X that some sample size is n1,X2,X3,...,Xn), construct its order row：
In formula：DτAll number aggregate-values more than j moment numerical value during for the i-th moment；τ be i span, τ=1,
2,...,n；N is sample size；RiAccording to X during for the i momentiWith XjSize value 0 or 1；XiFor the numerical value at i moment；XjDuring for j
The numerical value at quarter, j=1,2 ..., i；UFτFor DτThe value obtained after standardized calculation；E(Dτ)、V(Dτ) it is DτAverage and variance.
By searching normal distyribution function table, it can be deduced that the critical value U when a level of signifiance is ααIf, formula
(3) calculated | UFτ| ＞ Uα, then the sequence is in the presence of the obvious variation tendency for rising or declining.Similarly, with opposite sequence
{Xn,Xn-1..., 1 above procedure is repeated, make UBτ=-UFτ, wherein τ=n, n-1 ..., 1, according to UFτAnd UBτValue draws UF
With UB curve maps, if UFτAnd UBτValue be less than 0, then sequence present downward trend, it is on the contrary then be ascendant trend.If UFτAnd UBτIt is bent
Line intersects in critical value UαBetween=± 1.96 (α=0.05), then when being possible to start for sequence variations at the time of intersection point correspondence
Carve.
River ecological environment flow disturbs situation evaluation
EFCs Ecological discharge composition analysis method (Environmental Flow Components) is Richter etc.
A kind of method classified to river ecological environment flow proposed on the basis of IHA index systems, this method draws Hydrological Events
It is divided into and ecological several groups of related compositions, time of origin, frequency, amount, duration and its rate of change and river of these compositions
Ecology is closely related and it is necessary to whole flow pedigrees including being able to maintain that river ecological integrality.Typically by Hydrological Events
It is divided into 5 components totally 34 indexs, referred to as Ecological discharge index.
The present invention constitutes the changing rule three periods using EFCs methods analysis Xiaoqinghe River different flow and calculates each
The rate of change (see formula (6), (7)) of hydrology index, identify influences obvious flow composition on river ecological accordingly.
In formula：ψjFor the rate of change of j-th of hydrology index, j=1,2 ... .4；DijFor j-th of hydrology desired value of the i-th stage,
I=1,2；DojFor j-th of hydrology desired value in good ecological environment period；For the average value of n index of each component.
River channel ecology water conservancy parameter is calculated
Document confirms that fish are present and gives birth to response, i.e. part in fish life cycle to the physiology that flow velocity is coerced both at home and abroad
Or whole life stages rely on certain specific hydrodynamic conditions, and fish growth to suitable degree different in flow rate not
Together.Therefore, for obtained each flow component calculated above, the degree of change before and after man's activity filters out change degree most
High flow composition, will with hydrology waterpower when the good period river cross-section parameter of historical ecology and generation different brackets flow
Element, as the constraints of control river ecological, and is taken to present situation river cross-section, calculates the life under present situation river cross-section
State flow threshold.For the scene being likely to occur, the present invention is further discussed：
(1) when the degree of change of low discharge and extremely low flow is maximum
The degree of change of low discharge and extremely low flow is maximum, i.e. the lower limit of river channel ecology flow threshold is destroyed, now, needs
According to the sensing flow velocity (flow) of feature fish in river course, the lower limit of ecological flow threshold value is determined with reference to section parameter.It is right
In the higher limit of ecological flow threshold value, then crest discharge (the stream of small flood that the river occurred within the good ecological environment phase is needed
Speed) and river course in the tolerance flows (flow velocity) of feature fish be compared, the greater in both determines higher limit.
The discharge of river is smaller, and flow-shape is closer to open channel uniform flow, therefore the calculating of flow, flow velocity uses Xie Caigong
Formula, and the Fr (Froude number) in now river is calculated, calculation formula is shown in formula (8) and formula (9).
In formula, Q is the discharge of river, m3/s；V is flow velocity, m/s；A is discharge section area , ㎡；R is hydraulic radius, m；J
For the slope of river；α is correction factor, typically takes 1；G is acceleration of gravity；For cross-section average depth, m.
(2) when the degree of change of high flow capacity and small flood is maximum
The degree of change of high flow capacity and small flood is maximum, i.e. the upper limit of river channel ecology flow threshold is destroyed, and now, needs root
The parameters such as the high flow capacity or crest discharge, the flow velocity of small flood that occurred according to river within the good ecological environment phase, with reference to section parameter
To determine the higher limit of ecological flow threshold value.For the lower limit of ecological flow threshold value, then need to the river in the good ecological environment phase
The inductive flow (flow velocity) of feature fish is compared in the low discharge value and river course inside occurred, the greater in both Lai
Determine the lower limit of ecological flow threshold value.Each parameter calculation formula is ibid.
(3) when great flood degree of change is maximum
Great flood degree of change is maximum, i.e. River Flood pressure is larger, and now, river course should take into account ecology based on flood control.River
The ecology in road cannot function as constraining the essential condition of the discharge of river (flow velocity), therefore the present invention no longer calculates ecological flow now
Measure threshold value.
As a kind of exemplary embodiments, by taking the Xiaoqinghe River of Jinan City as an example, the description of whole method concrete scheme is carried out.
1 Ecological discharge component level of disruption is calculated
The influence of the identification of 1.1 catastrophe points and mankind's activity to rainfall runoff
Examined by M-K methods, identify the catastrophe points of Xiao Qing He valley 1960-2014 annual flows for 1985,2007.Root
According to Jinan City's different development period and Xiaoqinghe River comprehensive regulation situation, near-nature forest state period (1960- is analyzed respectively
1985), the diurnal courses change in period (2008-2014) is special after urbanization initial development period (1986-2007) and the comprehensive regulation
Levy, the average daily run-off of three periods is respectively 7.83m3/s、9.56m3/ s and 16.26m3/ s, with respect to the first period latter two when
The increment rate of phase is respectively 22.1%, 107.7%, shows that the daily average water discharge of Xiaoqinghe River is dramatically increased after mankind's activity interference；
The rainfall change in three periods is analyzed, its average annual rainfall is respectively 651.4mm, 653.4mm and 651.5mm, and flood season drops
Rainfall is respectively 449.7mm, 527.6mm and 531.4mm, it can thus be appreciated that the Multi-year average precipitation change in three periods is not
Greatly, rainfall is more concentrated to flood season but in year.Analyzed more than, the influence of human factor is the master of Xiaoqinghe River streamflow change
Reason is wanted, climate change is mainly reflected in the enhancing of urban rain island effect effect, i.e., rainfall in flood period is more concentrated, but Multi-year average precipitation
Change is little, sees Fig. 2.
1.2EFCs hydrology indexs perturbation is analyzed
According to EFCs Ecological discharge sorting techniques, the different magnitude of Ecological discharge composition of 5 classes is obtained：Low stream
Amount, extremely low flow, high flow capacity, small flood and great flood, the feature of the Day-to-day variability of 1960-2014 parabiosis environment flows are shown in
Shown in Fig. 3, the hydrology index and ecological significance of each flow composition are shown in Table 1：
Table 1EFC index parameters and its ecological significance
1.2.1 each moon low discharge change
As shown in Table 2, increase trend, and the low stream in non-flood period month is presented in the low discharge value of each moon within three periods
Value and the value in month in flood season become closer to.
2 three period Ecological discharges of table --- each moon low discharge calculation table
1.2.2 high flow capacity and small Flood Changes
As shown in Table 1, high flow capacity and small flood are that maximum Ecological discharge composition is influenceed on river ecological.Pass through table
3 it can be seen that the extreme value change of the second period high flow capacity is little, and time of origin slightly has in advance, but occurs the frequency and fluctuation water speed rate
Change greatly, and substantially increase in the maximum of the 3rd period high flow capacity and duration compared with the first period, time of origin compared with
First period shifted to an earlier date 30 days or so, but occurred frequency reduction.Increase trend is presented in latter two period for the peak value of small flood, hair
The raw frequency and the flood that rises fall big vast speed and also significantly increased.
3 three period Ecological discharges of table --- high flow capacity and small flood calculation table
1.2.3 extremely low flow and great flood change
It can be seen from Table 4 that, extremely low volume event frequency and duration are all substantially reduced in rear two period, but
Great flood event frequency be increased, and the duration has been reduced and time of origin presents and shifts to an earlier date trend.
Table 4 three period Ecological discharge --- year extreme value calculation table
Analysis is understood more than, high flow capacity and small flood composition in the environmental ecology flow composition of Xiaoqinghe River Jinan City section
Rate of change it is maximum, hydrologic regime is disturbed the most notable.
2 city river medium and small flood ecological thresholds are determined
The size and frequency of crest discharge are to form and maintain aquatic ecosystem integrality and multifarious two keys
Factor, therefore, threshold value setting is carried out present invention is generally directed to crest discharge, so as to reach reduction Human Activities on River Channel hydrology feelings
Gesture is disturbed, and recovers the purpose of the ecological situation of the hydrology of its near-nature forest state.
The ecology influence of 2.1 city river medium and small floods
According to the ecological significance (being shown in Table 1) on river course medium and small flood of the propositions such as Richter, with reference to the shape of city river
State architectural feature, the present invention thinks：The habitat and spawning ground that city river provides for aquatile are less, two packing spaces
Property be much smaller than natural river, when in river course occur high flow rate flood when bioavailable refuge it is also less and existing
Medium and small flood is general under flood control standard will not form the phenomenons such as overbank still under riverbed or bunding, and river channelization is served as a contrast in addition
Build and cause river course and surrounding environment mass exchange ability serious loss.Therefore, ecological significance master of the medium and small flood to city river
It is to provide fish spawning required flow velocity water level signal by crest discharge, and river course dirt is washed away by high flow velocities,
Sufficient oxygen and organic matter nutrient are provided.
2.2 medium and small flood Parameter analysis and ecological threshold are calculated
Count the time of origin of typical medium and small flood between 1960-1985 and 2008-2014, crest discharge and persistently
The hydrologic parameters such as time, statistical result is shown in Table 5, table 6：
The 1960-1985 of table 5 typical case's medium and small flood hydrographic features tables
The 2008-2014 of table 6 typical case's medium and small flood hydrographic features tables
From table 5 and table 6：During 1960-1985 the average rainfall of medium and small flood play rainfall be 50.1mm compared with
2008-2014 51.2mm changes smaller, only increases by 2.2%；Play rainfall formed crest discharge average but by
46.53m3/ s brings up to 83.78m3/ s, adds 80.1%, and play flood peak extreme value by 81.5m3/ s is brought up to
211m3/s；The average duration of flood also increases 5.38d by 3.7d.As can be seen here, little base is changed in rainfall
On plinth, the peak value and duration for forming medium and small flood are significantly increased, and the conclusion analyzed with EFCs methods before is basically identical, again
Demonstrate Development of Urbanization and violent disturbance is generated to river course medium and small flood, unfavorable shadow is caused to the ecological environment of urban river
Ring.
It can also be seen that from table 5 and table 6：The time of origin of Jinan City's Xiaoqinghe River medium and small flood is basic in 6~August part, just
It is the main period of the spawning of feature fish crucian and growth.Therefore, its crest discharge should be controlled not to the hydrology to medium and small flood
Situation produces acutely disturbance to be needed to ensure have certain flow rate to stimulate again.According to normal with 75% and 25% in IHA methods
It is worth the way of the upper and lower limit as each index parameter, it is 75% to choose good ecological environment period (1960-1985) frequency in history
Medium and small flood crest discharge with 25%, breaks as the upper and lower bound for the flow rate zone for recovering hydrologic regime, and according to actual measurement
Face information, calculates its corresponding flow velocity, corresponding depth and Froude number, in this, as control strip respectively using formula (8) and formula (9)
Part, inquires into the ecological safety threshold value for period Jinan City's Xiaoqinghe River medium and small flood after the comprehensive regulation.
It is 75% He to calculate good ecological environment period (1960-1985) medium and small flood crest discharge frequency in history
25% value is respectively 52.5m3/ s, 27.7m3/s；Corresponding flow velocity is respectively 0.52m/s, 0.30m/s；Corresponding depth is respectively
4.25m, 2.97m.This in other documents to the research of the ecological suitable flow rate of crucian also with being adapted, i.e. the sensing flow velocity of crucian is
0.2m/s, suitable flow rate is 0.3~0.6m/s.Therefore, using flow velocity as Con trolling index, with reference to the yellow platform bridge section of present situation, calculate
The threshold value for obtaining medium and small flood ecological safety flow is [44.5,96.6] m3/s。
The preferred embodiment of the application is the foregoing is only, the application is not limited to, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in river course, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) the long sequence diurnal courses data that website is represented in river course to be determined are chosen, catastrophe point is extracted, determined selected in long sequence
Take the separation of period；
(2) Ecological discharge component index analysis is carried out using EFCs methods, determines each flow component in different times
Intensity of variation, identifies and maximum flow component is disturbed to River Hydrology situation；
(3) the tolerance flow velocity and the river cross-section parameter of different times of feature fish in river course to be determined are chosen；
(4) maximum flow component is disturbed for hydrologic regime, it is good with the hydrology hydraulic parameter and historical ecology of the component
Phase river cross-section parameter, as the constraints of control river ecological, is taken to present situation river cross-section, calculates present situation river course
The upper limit or lower limit of ecological flow threshold value under section；
(5) with the tolerance flow velocity of feature fish in river course or sensing flow velocity, as constraints, river course under present situation section is calculated
Another boundary value of ecological flow threshold value.
2. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(1) in, the separation of period according to selected by long sequence determines the length and quantity in each period.
3. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(2) in, Hydrological Events are divided into and ecological related multigroup composition, these compositions by EFCs Ecological discharge composition analysis methods
Time of origin, frequency, amount, duration and its rate of change and river ecological be closely related and it is necessary to including being able to maintain that
Whole flow pedigrees of river ecological integrality.
4. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(2) in, Xiaoqinghe River different flow composition is analyzed in the changing rule of different times using EFCs methods and each hydrology index is calculated
Rate of change, identifying influences obvious flow composition on river ecological, and choose that rate of change exceedes setting value is influence flow
Component.
5. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(2) in, the rate of change in each period of each Ecological discharge component is the Ecological discharge component in certain period
The ratio between desired value in the difference of desired value in desired value and good ecological environment period and good ecological environment period.
6. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(2) in, rate of change index average value of each Ecological discharge component in each period is asked for, when some Ecological discharge
When the corresponding rate of change of component is more than the average value, it is believed that it is the influence flow component of river ecological.
7. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(3) in, feature fish refer to fish or most representational fish most in river course to be determined.
8. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(3) in, feature fish, which exist to give birth to the physiology that flow velocity is coerced, to be responded, i.e. some or all of life stage in fish life cycle
By certain hydrodynamic conditions, and fish growth is different to suitable degree different in flow rate.
9. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(4) in, when the degree of change in low discharge and extremely low flow is maximum, illustrate that river ecological bottom threshold is destroyed, should basis
The sensing flow velocity or flow of feature fish in river course, in combination with section parameter, the flow in the river course calculated using Chezy formula
Flow velocity and Froude number Fr, obtain urban river ecological threshold lower limit；For the higher limit of ecological flow threshold value, then need to this
In the flood peak flow velocity or flow and river course of the small flood that river occurred within the good ecological environment phase tolerance flow velocity of feature fish or
Flow is compared, and the greater in both determines higher limit.
10. the maximum ecological flow threshold value determination method in a kind of river course as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The step
(4) in, when the degree of change of high flow capacity and small flood is maximum, illustrate that the upper limit of river ecological threshold value is destroyed, flow, flow velocity
Calculating also calculated and obtain using Chezy formula, and calculate Froude number now.For the lower limit of ecological flow threshold value, then
The inductive flow of feature fish or flow velocity are carried out in the low discharge value and river course that the river need to be occurred within the good ecological environment phase
Compare, the greater in both determines the lower limit of ecological flow threshold value.
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| CN110738358A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-31 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological flow guaranteeing method and device based on land utilization mode optimization |
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| CN113792957A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-12-14 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological stabilization phase identification method based on aquatic organism requirement on living environment |
| CN113836478A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-24 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating river-closing flow suitable for river channel in ice flood season based on flat beach flow |
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| CN113836478A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-24 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Method for calculating river-closing flow suitable for river channel in ice flood season based on flat beach flow |
| CN113836478B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-06-20 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | River channel proper river sealing amount calculating method in flood season based on flat beach flow |
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