CN107101617A - Stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring - Google Patents
Stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- CN107101617A CN107101617A CN201710335351.1A CN201710335351A CN107101617A CN 107101617 A CN107101617 A CN 107101617A CN 201710335351 A CN201710335351 A CN 201710335351A CN 107101617 A CN107101617 A CN 107101617A
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- coombe
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
- G01C11/06—Interpretation of pictures by comparison of two or more pictures of the same area
- G01C11/08—Interpretation of pictures by comparison of two or more pictures of the same area the pictures not being supported in the same relative position as when they were taken
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
Stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring, chooses shallow coal scam mine under the typical coombe landform in NORTHWEST CHINA mining area, grasps the overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of different mine correspondence working faces;The multiple phase images of coombe earth's surface are obtained using unmanned plane during flying platform, coombe landform is set up using SFM three-dimensional rebuilding methods;Using Time Series Analysis Method, difference extraction is carried out to the coombe landform that multiple phases are set up, mining landslide dynamic deformation information is obtained, and utilize the related landform characteristic parameter of digital Terrain Analysis method extraction coombe;Joint mining landslide dynamic deformation information and coombe features of terrain parameter, overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter, for the mining geological conditions in different operating face, are respectively adopted different stope overlying strata activity control methods.The present invention can efficiently control shallow coal scam overlying rock activity under coombe landform, it is ensured that working face in the pit can realize safety and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal resources underground mining technologies field, it is related to a kind of stope overlying strata activity control method, especially
It is related to stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring.
Background technology
Coal is the basic energy resource and important source material of China, accounts for more than the 90% of China's fossil energy resource, is stable, warp
Ji, the self -support degree highest energy.Proportion of the coal in primary energy consumption will be gradually reduced, but in quite long-term
Interior, the main body energy position of coal will not change.At present, China coal industry has been enter into " fourth phase simultaneously deposits " (demand slowdown in growth
Phase, superfluous production capacity period of digestion, environmental constraints reinforcing phase, structural adjustment are assaulted fortified position the phase) developing stage.Because China is based on coal
Energy resource structure short-term in be difficult to change, therefore build intensive, safe efficient, green Modern Coal industrial system, ensure
National energy supply security, promotes the healthy and stable development of social economy, with highly important strategic importance.
While coal is that tremendous contribution is made in human civilization and social progress as a kind of fossil energy, mining area band is also given
Eco-environmental damage problem is seriously carried out, such as coal mining triggers surface subsidence, the circulation of destruction ground water regime, environment of mining area
By waste pollution etc..The conspicuous contradiction of exploitation of coal resources and ecologically environmental restriction has caused the attention of State-level,《In
Magnificent the 13rd 5 years (2016-2020) planning outline of people's republic's national economy and social development》In clearly propose " ...
Carry forward vigorously Coal Clean efficiently to utilize, limitation east, control middle part and northeast, optimization west area Coal Resource Development are pushed away
Enter the greenization exploitation of Large-scale Coal base and transform ... ";And《Dissertation of Development of Coal Industry " 13 " (2016-2020) is planned》In
Propose again " ... Green Development theory is firmly established, carries out Coal Green exploitation, development of coal dressing of coal by washing, development mining area is followed
Ring economy, strengthens mining area ecological environment and administers, and promotes coal supply revolution ... ".In recent years, the center of gravity of coal resources in China exploitation
Therefrom east is transferred to the fragile Arid&semi-arid area of western eco-environment soon, and formd northern Shensi, yellow Gansu Province, Shen Dong,
The northwest such as Ning Dong, Xinjiang Large-scale Coal base.The typical natural endowment characteristic in NORTHWEST CHINA mining area coal seam is that thickness is big, buries shallow, base
Rock is thin, covering thickness;Working face surface relief is larger, is in ancient coombe developmental morphology in length and breadth mostly.
The main mining areas such as the NORTHWEST CHINA Inner Mongol, Shaanxi and Shanxi are generally ancient coombe development mining area, and coombe is the one of earth's surface
Plant erosion landform.Area is developed in coombe, surface vegetation is sparse, and water and soil conservation ability is weaker.Relative to Plain mining area, coombe hair
Educate crisscross and fluctuations topography and geomorphology and influencing each other for underground mining activity in mining area more sensitive and violent.With
Exemplified by the mine of the Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia mining area middle and south, the regional coal-seam buried depth is generally between 60~150m, and ocurrence of coal seam is steady
Fixed, mining conditions are superior.However, found at the scene during engineering practice, due to the ancient coombe development impact of the region earth's surface,
Abnormal ore deposit pressure is often showed during the working face mining of most of mines and shows phenomenon.For example, working face is just normally opened
Occurs the outstanding top of top plate large area during adopting and intensity occurs suddenly for very tardy raw first weighting, working face more than first weighting
Abnormal period causes large area roof fall phenomenon to press and irregularly occur the unexpected unstability of coal column.A variety of off-notes show,
Under coombe landform during shallow coal scam, the various coombe slopes of earth's surface occurrence make the working face in the pit strata-pressure behavior be in
Reveal new feature, efficiently produced to mine safety and cause adverse effect;Meanwhile, underground mining activity, which makes just to rise and fall originally, to be become
The earth's surface of change becomes more incoherent, even results in earth's surface and deforms upon disaster.
At present, for the research of shallow coal scam under coombe landform, strata-pressure behavior, stress field point are rested on mostly
In terms of cloth feature, stope overlying strata movement law and the analysis of working face pressure rack disaster reason.Existing correlative study is often individual
The roof Control Technology do not dug up mine under geological conditions not specifically, its field application limitation is big, is not suitable for various abnormal ore deposit pressures
Show phenomenon.It would therefore be highly desirable to invent stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, the present invention provides stope under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring
Overlying strata activity control method, can efficiently control shallow coal scam overlying rock activity under coombe landform, it is ensured that underground work
Safety and high efficiency can be realized by making face.
The present invention solve its technical problem use technical scheme be:Comprise the following steps:
Shallow coal scam mine under step 1, the selection typical coombe landform in NORTHWEST CHINA mining area, and grasp respectively different
The overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of mine correspondence working face;
Step 2, using unmanned plane during flying platform obtain cover coombe earth's surface multiple phases multi-view images, utilize SFM
Three-dimensional rebuilding method sets up coombe earth's surface dimensional topography;Using Time Series Analysis Method, the coombe earth's surface three that multiple phases are set up
Tie up landform and carry out contrast difference, obtain mining landslide dynamic deformation information;
Step 3, according to coombe earth's surface dimensional topography and mining landslide dynamic deformation information, utilize digital Terrain Analysis method
Extract the related landform characteristic parameter of coombe;
It is step 4, related to the coombe extracted in step 3 according to the mining landslide dynamic deformation information obtained in step 2
Features of terrain parameter, with reference to the overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of the working face grasped in step 1, for different operating
The mining geological conditions in face, is respectively adopted different stope overlying strata activity control methods, so as to be formed to stope under coombe landform
The control method system of overlying strata activity.
Compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention is:
(1) the high accuracy number surface of multiple phase local scales during unmanned plane image capturing working face mining is utilized
Model, Mobile state is entered to the features of terrain in local scope and is analyzed, the limitation that landform can be overcome to bring, and cost is low, operation is simple
Single, efficiency high, the landform precision of acquisition is high, and correspondence earth's surface landform can be flexibly obtained according to working face mining progress;
(2) from the visual angle of " on well-underground " integration, joint earth's surface 3 D Remote Sensing Monitoring Data and working face in the pit scene
Actual exploitation situation, grasps seam mining overlying rock active characteristics under coombe landform;
(3) the mining geological conditions in different operating face is directed to, using different stope overlying strata activity control methods, with more
Good specific aim and adaptability.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people
The every other embodiment that member is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Stope overlying strata activity control method, comprises the following steps under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring:
Shallow coal scam mine under step 1, the selection typical coombe landform in NORTHWEST CHINA mining area, and grasp respectively different
The overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of mine correspondence working face;
Step 2, using unmanned plane during flying platform obtain cover coombe earth's surface multiple phases multi-view images, utilize SFM
Three-dimensional rebuilding method sets up coombe earth's surface dimensional topography;Using Time Series Analysis Method, the coombe earth's surface three that multiple phases are set up
Tie up landform and carry out contrast difference, obtain mining landslide dynamic deformation information;
Step 3, according to coombe earth's surface dimensional topography and mining landslide dynamic deformation information, utilize digital Terrain Analysis method
Extract the related landform characteristic parameter of coombe;
It is step 4, related to the coombe extracted in step 3 according to the mining landslide dynamic deformation information obtained in step 2
Features of terrain parameter, with reference to the overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of the working face grasped in step 1, for different operating
The mining geological conditions in face, is respectively adopted different stope overlying strata activity control methods, so as to be formed to stope under coombe landform
The control method system of overlying strata activity.
Wherein, the specific operation process of the step 2 is as follows:
1) image of working face " after-in adopting-being adopted before adopting " overall process coombe earth's surface is obtained with shooting phase using unmanned plane
Machine parameter, obtains camera model inside and outside parameter;
2) in the working face coverage of survey area residing for coombe mining area, the control of at least four ground is obtained using static GPS method
The coordinate and elevation of point;
3) extract image SIFT feature using SIFT algorithms, operating procedure 1 realized using SIFT feature) between image
Initial matching, the relative position set up using SFM algorithms between multiple images determines the overlapping relation between image and direction;
Image dense disparity map is generated using Semi-Global dense Stereo Matchings method, the dense Stereo Matching of several images is realized;
4) RANSAC models are utilized, operating procedure 3 is rejected) in error matching points, obtain and meet the matching of geometrical constraint
Feature point set;
5) according to operating procedure 4) in correct matching characteristic point set, resolve topocentric coordinates;Often there is new image overlap,
Then merged, so as to obtain the intensive cloud data of scene;
6) according to a cloud interpolation processing operation step 5) in intensive cloud data, generate mining area working face digital surface mould
Type;
7) using operating procedure 2) in the coordinate of ground control point realize multiple phase mining area working face digital surface moulds
The registration of type;
8) the mining area working face digital surface model of multiple phases is carried out asking poor, obtains mining landslide dynamic deformation letter
Breath.
In embodiment, the related Extraction of Topographic Patterns specific operation process of the step 3 includes:
1) according to the mining area working face digital surface model of generation, according to difference method generate working face earth's surface the gradient,
Slope aspect distribution map and contour map;
2) according to mining area working face digital surface model and 1) in generate working face surface slope, slope aspect figure extract coombe
Reference point, line feature, wherein point feature include mountain top point, saddle point, node, ditch head point;The result extracted using point feature with
SOA methods in digital Terrain Analysis extract coombe landform valley line with along ditch, forming coombe line feature set;
3) coombe section morphology is obtained during the advance of the face, determines that coombe is walked with saddle point according to coombe landform valley line
To the generation two-dimentional straight line vector vertical with working face earth's surface coombe trend, by its ore deposit with the coombe landform in corresponding region
Area working face digital surface model carries out registration, makes both coordinates consistent with optical projection system, then by two-dimentional straight line vector and punching
Ditch earth's surface dimensional topography is cut, and extracts the section of the dimensional topography section corresponding to intersecting lens, tap drain and each section of coombe
Produce.
In the operating process of step 4 of the embodiment of the present invention, stope overlying strata activity control method is exploited including working face along ditch
Method, presplit blasting overhead caving method, regional area grouting filling method, working face mining height optimization method or shortwall
Recovery method.
Under the conditions of earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly more than in 100m and rock stratum apart from coal seam without hard base object model, from work
Make face along ditch recovery method.
Under the conditions of earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly more than in 100m and rock stratum apart from coal seam and has a hard base object model, selection is pre-
Split explosion overhead caving method.
Contain when earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly less than in 50m and coombe apart from coal seam under water condition, from regional area
Grouting filling method.
When earth's surface coombe cheuch is less than under the conditions of 5m apart from coal seam height in 50~100m and mining height, selection work face mining height
Optimization method.
Under the conditions of earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly less than 50m and field with "nine squares" scope apart from coal seam in irregular fritter section, selection
Shortwall recovery method.
Claims (6)
1. stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring, it is characterized in that:Comprise the following steps:
Shallow coal scam mine under step 1, the selection typical coombe landform in NORTHWEST CHINA mining area, and different mines are grasped respectively
The overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of correspondence working face;
Step 2, the multi-view images for obtaining using unmanned plane during flying platform the multiple phases for covering coombe earth's surface, utilize SFM three-dimensional
Method for reconstructing sets up coombe earth's surface dimensional topography;Using Time Series Analysis Method, the coombe earth's surface set up to multiple phases is dimensionally
Shape carries out contrast difference, obtains mining landslide dynamic deformation information;
Step 3, according to coombe earth's surface dimensional topography and mining landslide dynamic deformation information, utilize digital Terrain Analysis method to extract
The related landform characteristic parameter of coombe;
Step 4, according to the mining landslide dynamic deformation information obtained in step 2 landform related to the coombe extracted in step 3
Characteristic parameter, with reference to the overlying strata preservation situation and specific operational parameter of the working face grasped in step 1, for different operating face
Mining geological conditions, is respectively adopted different stope overlying strata activity control methods, so as to be formed to stope overlying strata under coombe landform
The control method system of activity.
2. stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring according to claim 1, its
It is characterized in:The specific operation process of the step 2 is as follows:
1) camera is joined when the image and shooting of working face " after-in adopting-being adopted before adopting " overall process coombe earth's surface are obtained using unmanned plane
Number, obtains camera model inside and outside parameter;
2) in the working face coverage of survey area residing for coombe mining area, at least four ground control point is obtained using static GPS method
Coordinate and elevation;
3) extract image SIFT feature using SIFT algorithms, operating procedure 1 realized using SIFT feature) between image just
Begin to match, the relative position set up between multiple images using SFM algorithms determines the overlapping relation between image and direction;Utilize
Semi-Global dense Stereo Matchings method generates image dense disparity map, realizes the dense Stereo Matching of several images;
4) RANSAC models are utilized, operating procedure 3 is rejected) in error matching points, obtain and meet the matching characteristic of geometrical constraint
Point set;
5) according to operating procedure 4) in correct matching characteristic point set, resolve topocentric coordinates;Often there is new image overlap, then enter
Row fusion, so as to obtain the intensive cloud data of scene;
6) according to a cloud interpolation processing operation step 5) in intensive cloud data, generate mining area working face digital surface model;
7) using operating procedure 2) in the coordinate of ground control point realize multiple phase mining area working face digital surface models
Registration;
8) the mining area working face digital surface model of multiple phases is carried out asking poor, obtains mining landslide dynamic deformation information.
3. stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring according to claim 2, its
It is characterized in:The operating procedure 1) include the camera carrying out field calibration by being arranged on the scaling board of working face earth's surface,
To avoid transporting the camera distortion error caused.
4. stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring according to claim 2, its
It is characterized in:The related Extraction of Topographic Patterns specific operation process of the step 3 includes:
1) according to the mining area working face digital surface model of generation, the gradient, the slope aspect of working face earth's surface are generated according to difference method
Distribution map and contour map;
2) according to mining area working face digital surface model to 1) in generate working face surface slope, slope aspect figure extract coombe it is related
Point, line feature, wherein point feature include mountain top point, saddle point, node, ditch head point;The result and numeral extracted using point feature
SOA methods in terrain analysis extract coombe landform valley line with along ditch, forming coombe line feature set;
3) coombe section morphology is obtained during the advance of the face, determines that coombe is moved towards according to coombe landform valley line and saddle point, raw
Into the two-dimentional straight line vector vertical with working face earth's surface coombe trend, the mining area of itself and the coombe landform in corresponding region is worked
Face digital surface model carries out registration, makes both coordinates consistent with optical projection system, then by two-dimentional straight line vector and coombe earth's surface
Dimensional topography is cut, the dimensional topography section corresponding to extraction intersecting lens, and the section in tap drain and each section of coombe is to produce.
5. stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring according to claim 1, its
It is characterized in:In the operating process of the step 4, stope overlying strata activity control method includes working face along ditch recovery method, pre-
Split explosion overhead caving method, regional area grouting filling method, working face mining height optimization method or shortwall exploitation side
Method.
6. stope overlying strata activity control method under a kind of coombe landform based on remote sensing monitoring according to claim 5, its
It is characterized in:The selecting method of the stope overlying strata activity control method is:
Under the conditions of earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly more than in 100m and rock stratum apart from coal seam without hard base object model, selection work face
Along ditch recovery method;
Under the conditions of earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly more than in 100m and rock stratum apart from coal seam and has a hard base object model, selection presplitting is quick-fried
Broken overhead caving method;
Contain when earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly less than in 50m and coombe apart from coal seam under water condition, from regional area slip casting
Placement method;
When earth's surface coombe cheuch is less than under the conditions of 5m apart from coal seam height in 50~100m and mining height, the optimization of selection work face mining height
Method;
Under the conditions of earth's surface coombe cheuch is highly less than 50m and field with "nine squares" scope apart from coal seam in irregular fritter section, shortwall is selected
Working face mining method.
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