CN107100666B - Down-blasting and up-squeezing outburst elimination and dust fall method for gas outburst coal seam coal roadway tunneling - Google Patents
Down-blasting and up-squeezing outburst elimination and dust fall method for gas outburst coal seam coal roadway tunneling Download PDFInfo
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- CN107100666B CN107100666B CN201710451414.XA CN201710451414A CN107100666B CN 107100666 B CN107100666 B CN 107100666B CN 201710451414 A CN201710451414 A CN 201710451414A CN 107100666 B CN107100666 B CN 107100666B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for eliminating outburst by blasting and extruding at the upper part of a lower explosion and dust fall in coal roadway tunneling of a gas outburst coal seam, which fully utilizes the resonance effect of simultaneous blasting of blasting explosive columns in a plurality of horizontal bottom plate rock drill holes to generate a large number of cracks in the upper coal seam and rock stratum, fully disturbs and loosens the coal seam in the area, improves the gas extraction efficiency of an extraction drill hole and further realizes the outburst elimination; after the gas is extracted in a large number, the gas pressure is greatly reduced, the resistance to water injection in the coal seam can be greatly reduced, a large amount of water is injected through a water injection pipeline at the moment, the water can permeate downwards under the action of self weight, the coal body is softened, the dust concentration in the tunneling process is reduced, and the working environment is improved. The method of the invention has simple operation and easy realization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of outburst elimination of coal seams, in particular to a method for outburst elimination and dust fall of downward explosion and upward extrusion during coal roadway tunneling of a gas outburst coal seam.
Background
Most mining areas in China enter deep mining, the gas content of deep coal seams is increased, the gas pressure of the coal seams is higher, and the mining process faces extremely high coal and gas outburst risks.
In order to eliminate the outburst danger of the coal seam, gas extraction is carried out on the coal seam, and the gas extraction is a fundamental measure for preventing coal and gas outburst. The coal and gas outburst coal seam in China generally has the characteristics of high gas content and small gas permeability, and the gas extraction efficiency is extremely low. In order to extract coal seam gas efficiently, necessary permeability-increasing measures are indispensable, such as measures of mining protective layers, pre-pumping of bottom plate roadways and the like. However, most mining areas in China are single main mining coal beds and do not have the condition of mining protective layers. Although the effect of pre-pumping coal bed gas is good when the bottom plate roadway is mined, the manufacturing cost is extremely high, the manufacturing cost of one bottom plate roadway is up to billions of yuan, and the cost is very high.
Coal roadway excavation in a coal seam is a prerequisite for face extraction, but is extremely difficult in a protruding coal seam. On one hand, the gas permeability of the outburst coal seam is generally low, the shielding effect of a protective layer and a bottom plate roadway is avoided, the gas extraction in front of the coal roadway driving working face is extremely difficult, and the outburst danger of the coal roadway is difficult to effectively eliminate; on the other hand, the outburst coal seam is generally dry and soft, so that dense raise dust is easily generated in the tunneling process, and the health of personnel is greatly influenced. The outburst elimination and dust fall work of coal roadway tunneling is very important under the condition that a protective layer is not available and the pre-pumping of a bottom roadway is not applicable.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a outburst elimination and dust fall method suitable for gas outburst coal seam roadway excavation without a protective layer and a bottom plate roadway.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for eliminating outburst and dust by means of blasting and extruding upwards for tunneling a gas outburst coal seam roadway, which is suitable for tunneling the gas outburst coal seam roadway.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a downward explosion and upward extrusion outburst eliminating and dust settling method for gas outburst coal seam coal tunneling comprises the following steps:
1. constructing a drilling site (2) with the length of 10 meters on two sides respectively at the position 5 meters behind the coal roadway tunneling working face (1);
2. respectively constructing inclined rock holes (3) with the length of 1 meter and the depression angle of 30 degrees in each drill site (2), and continuously constructing horizontal floor rock drill holes (4) with the length of L along the tunneling direction of the coal roadway; constructing a 1-row extraction drill hole (5) and a 1-row water injection drill hole (6) on a coal seam at a drill site (2) and a coal roadway driving working face (1), and connecting the extraction drill holes with an extraction pipeline (7) to extract gas;
3. feeding blasting explosive columns (9) with energy-gathering covers (8) into the horizontal floor rock drill holes (4), wherein the length of the blasting explosive columns (9) is (L-10) meters; sealing 10 meters of an orifice of the horizontal floor rock drill hole (4), and leading out a steel pipe (10) from the drill hole; after the pipe orifice of the steel pipe (10) is plugged, the blasting explosive column (9) is detonated; after blasting for one hour, connecting the steel pipe (10) with an extraction pipeline (7) for extracting gas;
4. when the total amount of gas extracted by the extraction pipeline (7) reaches M, connecting the water injection drill hole (6) with the water injection pipeline (11); the total gas amount M is calculated according to the following formula:
M＝H×(h+30)×L×t×0.8
wherein M is the total gas amount and the unit is cubic meter; h is the thickness of the coal bed and is measured in meters; h is the width of the coal roadway and the unit is meter; l is the length of the horizontal floor rock drill hole in meters; t is the gas content of the coal body, and the unit is cubic meter/ton;
5. injecting high-pressure water into the coal seam by using a water injection pipeline (11), and stopping injecting water when the total water injection amount reaches W; the total water injection amount W is calculated by the following formula:
W＝H×(h+30)×L×4％
wherein W is the total amount of water injection, and the unit is ton;
6. and tunneling along the tunneling direction of the coal roadway, wherein the tunneling length is L. And then repeating the steps 1-6.
Preferably, in step 2: the number of the horizontal floor rock drill holes can be set according to the requirement; the length L of the horizontal floor rock drill hole is 50-100 meters.
Preferably, in step 2: the number of the water injection drill holes and the number of the extraction drill holes can be set according to requirements, and the water injection drill holes are spatially located above the extraction drill holes.
Preferably, in step 3: the opening of the energy collecting cover faces to the right upper side.
Preferably, in step 5: the pressure of the high-pressure water is 2-6 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the resonance effect of simultaneous blasting of the blasting powder columns in the horizontal bottom plate rock drill holes is fully utilized, a large number of cracks are generated in the upper coal seam and the rock stratum, the coal seam in the area is fully disturbed and loosened, the air permeability of the coal seam is greatly increased, and the gas extraction efficiency of the extraction drill hole is improved; after the gas is extracted in a large amount, the gas pressure is greatly reduced, the resistance of water injection into the coal seam can be greatly reduced, a large amount of water can be smoothly injected through a water injection pipeline at the moment, the water can permeate downwards under the action of self weight, the coal body is softened, the dust concentration in the tunneling process is reduced, and the working environment is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. tunneling a working face of a coal roadway; 2. drilling a field; 3. a slant rock hole; 4. drilling horizontal floor rock; 5. extracting and drilling; 6. drilling holes by water injection; 7. an extraction pipeline; 8. an energy-gathering cover; 9. blasting explosive columns; 10. a steel pipe; 11. a water injection pipeline.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below:
a downward explosion upward pumping outburst elimination and dust fall method for gas outburst coal seam roadway tunneling comprises the following steps:
1. constructing a drilling site (2) at the position 8 meters behind the coal roadway driving working surface (1) towards two sides respectively, wherein the length of the drilling site (2) is 10 meters;
2. inclined rock holes (3) with the length of 1 meter and the depression angle of 30 degrees are respectively constructed in each drill site (2), water flat bottom plate rock drill holes (4) with the length of 60 meters are continuously constructed along the tunneling direction of the coal roadway, and the number of the water flat bottom plate rock drill holes (4) is 2;
3. constructing 1 row of extraction drill holes (5) and 1 row of water injection drill holes (6) on a coal seam respectively at a drill site (3) and a coal roadway driving working face (1), wherein the number of the extraction drill holes (5) is 10, and the hole distance between every two adjacent extraction drill holes (5) is 5 meters; the number of the water injection drill holes (5) is 8, the hole distance between every two adjacent water injection drill holes (5) is 5 meters, and the extraction drill holes (5) are spatially positioned above the water injection drill holes (6); all the extraction drill holes (5) and the water injection drill holes (6) are connected with an extraction pipeline (7) to extract gas;
4. feeding blasting explosive columns (9) with energy-gathering covers (8) into the horizontal floor rock drill holes (4), wherein the opening direction of the energy-gathering covers (8) is right above, and the length of the blasting explosive columns (9) is 50 meters; sealing 10 meters of an orifice of the horizontal floor rock drill hole (4) by adopting a conventional hole sealing method, introducing a steel pipe (10) from the drill hole, and sealing the orifice of the high-pressure steel pipe (10);
5. simultaneously detonating all blasting explosive columns (9) in the horizontal floor rock drill holes (4); after blasting for one hour, connecting the steel pipe (10) with an extraction pipeline (7) for extracting gas;
6. when the total amount of gas extracted by the extraction pipeline (7) reaches M, connecting the water injection drill hole (6) with the water injection pipeline (11); the total gas amount M is calculated according to the following formula:
M＝H×(h+30)×60×t×0.8
wherein M is the total gas amount and the unit is cubic meter; h is the thickness of the coal bed and is measured in meters; h is the width of the coal roadway and the unit is meter; t is the gas content of the coal body, and the unit is cubic meter/ton;
7. injecting high-pressure water into the coal seam by using a water injection pipeline (11), and stopping injecting water when the total water injection amount reaches W; the total water injection amount W is calculated by the following formula:
W＝H×(h+30)×50×4％
wherein W is the total amount of water injection, and the unit is ton;
8. and (5) after tunneling for 60 meters along the tunneling direction of the coal roadway, repeating the steps.
For coal and gas outburst coal seams without protective layer and floor tunnels, it is extremely difficult to dig in coal roadways. The two reasons are that firstly, the air permeability of the outburst coal seam is generally low, the shielding effect of a protective layer and a bottom plate roadway is not generated, the gas extraction in front of the coal roadway driving working face is extremely difficult, and the outburst danger of the coal roadway is difficult to effectively eliminate; secondly, the outburst coal seam is generally dry, the coal body is soft, dense raise dust is easily generated in the tunneling process, and the health of personnel is greatly influenced.
The blasting drill holes are arranged below the coal roadway driving working face, and a large-area fracture network can be forcibly formed on the coal seam floor by utilizing the resonance effect of simultaneous blasting of the plurality of blasting drill holes, so that the contact area between the blasting drill holes and the coal seam is increased. The resonance effect of blasting can make the coal seam vibrate at the same time, especially the extraction drill hole constructed on the driving face can play a role in inducing at the moment, on one hand, the coal rock layer between the bottom plate rock drill hole and the extraction drill hole generates a through crack, and on the other hand, the coal seam is loosened and deformed, so that the air permeability of the coal seam is greatly improved. The gas extraction is carried out through the extraction drill hole and the bottom plate rock drill hole, so that the gas extraction efficiency is greatly improved, and the danger of coal and gas outburst is effectively eliminated.
When the gas is extracted, the strength of the coal body is increased and the water permeability is improved. Therefore, the extraction drill hole is connected with the water injection pipeline, so that water can be injected into the coal seam more easily. The injected water gradually moves downwards under the action of gravity and flows into the bottom plate rock drill hole, and the gas which is not pumped out originally is extruded out, so that the gas is pumped out from the pumping pipeline, the dust concentration in the tunneling process is effectively reduced, and the working environment of a working face is greatly improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A downward explosion upward extrusion outburst elimination and dust fall method for gas outburst coal seam coal roadway tunneling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. constructing a drilling site (2) with the length of 10 meters on two sides respectively at the position 5 meters behind the coal roadway tunneling working face (1);
b. respectively constructing inclined rock holes (3) with the length of 1 meter and the depression angle of 30 degrees in each drill site (2), and continuously constructing horizontal floor rock drill holes (4) with the length of L along the tunneling direction of the coal roadway; constructing a 1-row extraction drill hole (5) and a 1-row water injection drill hole (6) on a coal seam at a drill site (2) and a coal roadway driving working face (1), and connecting the extraction drill holes with an extraction pipeline (7) to extract gas;
c. feeding blasting explosive columns (9) with energy-gathering covers (8) into the horizontal floor rock drill holes (4), wherein the length of the blasting explosive columns (9) is (L-10) meters; sealing 10 meters of an orifice of the horizontal floor rock drill hole (4), and leading out a steel pipe (10) from the drill hole; after the pipe orifice of the steel pipe (10) is plugged, the blasting explosive column (9) is detonated; after blasting for one hour, connecting the steel pipe (10) with an extraction pipeline (7) for extracting gas;
d. when the total amount of gas extracted by the extraction pipeline (7) reaches M, connecting the water injection drill hole (6) with the water injection pipeline (11); the total gas amount M is calculated according to the following formula:
M＝H×(h+30)×L×t×0.8
wherein M is the total gas amount and the unit is cubic meter; h is the thickness of the coal bed and is measured in meters; h is the width of the coal roadway and the unit is meter; l is the length of the horizontal floor rock drill hole in meters; t is the gas content of the coal body, and the unit is cubic meter/ton;
e. injecting high-pressure water into the coal seam by using a water injection pipeline (11), and stopping injecting water when the total water injection amount reaches W; the total water injection amount W is calculated by the following formula:
W＝H×(h+30)×L×4％
wherein W is the total amount of water injection, and the unit is ton;
f. tunneling along the tunneling direction of the coal roadway, wherein the tunneling length is L;
g. and (f) repeating the steps a to f.
2. The downward-blasting upward-extrusion outburst elimination and dust fall method for gas outburst coal seam coal roadway tunneling according to claim 1, wherein in the step c: the opening of the energy collecting cover faces to the right upper side.
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| CN107816365B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2020-02-07 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal seam drilling, blasting and pumping integrated outburst prevention method |
| CN112196610B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-06-07 | 贵州大学 | Water drilling mining structure for eliminating gas outburst of inclined coal seam and mining method thereof |
| CN112906148B (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-09-13 | 安徽理工大学 | Coal roadway cross-layer gas prevention and control drilling hole design calculation method |
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| RU2108464C1 (en) * | 1996-04-08 | 1998-04-10 | Институт угля СО РАН | Method for sealing of degassing well |
| CN101614135B (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2012-02-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Drilling-explosion-pumping triadic gas extraction method |
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