CN107093483A - A kind of radionuclide collection device - Google Patents

A kind of radionuclide collection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107093483A
CN107093483A CN201710286869.0A CN201710286869A CN107093483A CN 107093483 A CN107093483 A CN 107093483A CN 201710286869 A CN201710286869 A CN 201710286869A CN 107093483 A CN107093483 A CN 107093483A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stuffing box
casing
sewage
radionuclide
radioactivity
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CN201710286869.0A
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CN107093483B (en
Inventor
周涛
李子超
陈娟
周蓝宇
李兵
田晓瑞
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06Processing
    • G21F9/12Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of radionuclide collection device, the device includes valve (1), casing (2), chamber door (3), stuffing box (4) and radioactivity monitoring instrument (5), and described device can collect the radionuclide in radioactive dirty water;Wherein, casing (2) upper and lower side offers water inlet and delivery port respectively, and is provided with valve (1), to control flowing into and out for sewage;Also, radioactivity monitoring instrument (5) is additionally provided with water outlet, to detect the radioactivity of efflux;Stuffing box (4) is placed in casing (2), and sewage enters casing (2), is flowed out after being purified through stuffing box (4);Described device adsorption efficiency is high, applied widely, and sorbing material is changed convenient.

Description

A kind of radionuclide collection device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of collection device, more particularly to a kind of radionuclide collection device.
Background technology
Continually developing and applying with nuclear energy, the nuclear waste of coastal nuclear power station and Marine Nuclear Power Plant bucket discharge, Yi Jihe The nuclear leakage that accident is caused, can all cause serious marine radioactive pollution, to marine environment, in addition human society generate it is huge Big destruction, its influence is centuries or even thousands of years, or even longer time, therefore, higher to nuclear pollution degree Seawater is handled very necessary, is also to prevent and control a vital task of ocean nuclear pollution.
Existing radionuclide collecting vessel, simply collects radioactive dirty water, does not have nucleic adsorption function mostly, not only sharp It is low with rate, and space-consuming is big;Portion collection bucket has adsorption function, but adsorbent is single, the selection to adsorbing nucleic species Property is stronger, and adsorption effect is general.
For these reasons, the present inventor is improved to existing technology, designs a kind of radionuclide and collects dress Put.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above mentioned problem, present inventor has performed studying with keen determination, a kind of radionuclide collection device is designed, The device can collect series of radioactive nucleic, reduce radioactive pollution, moreover, sorbing material changes convenient, adsorption efficiency is high.
In particular it is object of the present invention to provide a kind of radionuclide collection device, described device includes valve 1st, casing 2, chamber door 3, stuffing box 4 and instrument 5, the device can collect radionuclide in radioactive dirty water wherein, casing 2 Upper and lower side offers water inlet and delivery port respectively, and is provided with valve 1, to control flowing into and out for sewage;Also, going out Instrument 5 is additionally provided with the mouth of a river, to detect the radioactivity of efflux;Stuffing box 4 is placed in casing 2, and sewage enters casing 2, warp Stuffing box 4 flows out after purifying;
Wherein, stuffing box 4 is filled with sorbing material, and optional is also filled with filtering material, and the bottom of stuffing box 4 is provided with water outlet Mesh, sewage flows out after sorbing material/filtering material processing.Also, the stuffing box 4 is independently arranged, multiple stuffing boxes 4 can Separately installed and dismounting;
The casing 2 and chamber door 3 are made up of metal, and are provided with the seal groove 22 for accommodating sealing ring;
The casing 2 is additionally provided with support and places the filler box support 21 of stuffing box 4.
The present invention have the advantage that including:
(1) device that the present invention is provided can collect series of radioactive nucleic, and adsorption efficiency is high, applied widely, absorption Material is changed convenient;
(2) device that provides of the present invention can be filtered there is provided different fillers is filtered and adsorbed to radioactive dirty water Fall the big small impurities in sewage, so as to improve the utilization rate and adsorption rate of adsorption layer, extend the use time of sorbing material;
(3) device that the present invention is provided has multilayer adsorption layer, can not only increase adsorption efficiency, additionally it is possible to alternately more Change, increase the utilization rate of filler;
(4) adsorption layer uses aeroge for filler, and the aeroge porosity is high, and specific surface area is big, to the radioactivity in sewage The adsorptivity of nucleic is extremely strong;
(5) device that the present invention is provided can set different sizes and ratio according to actual conditions, can also be according to reality Border situation changes the filling area and thickness of filler.
(6) sorbing material and filtering material are convenient for changing in stuffing box.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the nucleic collection device schematic diagram according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 shows the casing schematic diagram according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 shows the stuffing box schematic diagram according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows the chamber door schematic diagram according to a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
1- valves
2- casings
21- filler box supports
22- seal grooves
3- chamber doors
4- stuffing boxes
5- radioactivity monitoring instrument
Embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, the present invention is described in more detail.Illustrated by these, the features of the present invention It will be become more apparent from clearly with advantage.
Special word " exemplary " is meant " being used as example, embodiment or illustrative " herein.Here as " exemplary " Illustrated any embodiment should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.Although each of embodiment is shown in the drawings In terms of kind, but unless otherwise indicated, it is not necessary to accompanying drawing drawn to scale.
According to a kind of radionuclide collection device for providing of the present invention, described device include valve 1, casing 2, chamber door 3, Stuffing box 4 and radioactivity monitoring instrument 5, described device can collect the radionuclide in radioactive dirty water;
Wherein, as shown in figure 1, offering water inlet and delivery port respectively in the upper and lower side of casing 2, and it is provided with valve 1, To control flowing into and out for sewage;Also, radioactivity monitoring instrument 5 is additionally provided with water outlet, to detect efflux Radioactivity;
Stuffing box 4 is placed in casing 2, and sewage enters casing 2, is flowed out after being purified through stuffing box 4.
In the present invention, stuffing box 4 can be individually attached and dismantle, and can set one or more, not associate each other, can be independent Install and dismounting;It is preferred that, multiple stuffing boxes 4 are set, is adsorbed by multiple times of filtration, can preferably realize radioactive dirty water The collecting action of catharsis and radionuclide.
Further, stuffing box 4 is filled with sorbing material, and optional can also be filled with filtering material;Wherein, adsorption material Material includes peat, ore, saccharomycete biological, graphene and one kind in activated carbon or it is combined, preferably graphene, more preferably For graphene aerogel, aeroge is ideal sorbing material, is also the perfect material for handling ecocatastrophe.Aeroge gas Porosity is high, and specific surface area is big, extremely strong to the radionuclide adsorptivity in sewage, therefore in the maximum absorption effluent of energy Radionuclide;
It is furthermore preferred that 2 layers of packing material can be set, on the one hand increase adsorption efficiency, on the other hand can alternately be changed, Increase the utilization rate and adsorption rate of aeroge, the as far as possible radionuclide in absorption effluent.
Processing of the radioactive dirty water before absorption is extremely important, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase absorption of the sorbing material to radionuclide, Crown_interception of the sorbing material to granule foreign is reduced, so as to extend use time and service efficiency.
Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, filtering material, the filtering material bag can also be filled with stuffing box 4 Include cobblestone, rough sand, fine sand, filter cotton, steel filter screen, filter membrane and one kind in activated carbon or its combination;Filtering material can be set 1 is put to multilayer, preferably 3 layers, also, cobblestone, rough sand and fine sand are followed successively by from top to bottom;In such manner, it is possible to by radioactivity The impurity and particle entrapment of different-grain diameter is in different filter layers in sewage, reduce filter cake in each layer (impurity of retention and Grain) thickness so that sewage be more easy to filtering, so as to reduce filtration time, add filter effect;Meanwhile, alleviate absorption The retention thickness of layer, improves the utilization rate and adsorption rate of sorbing material.
It is preferred that, packing material and filtering material are full of filling box 4, and now nucleic collecting effect is optimal.
Stuffing box 4 should also have the mesh for flowing out water, can collect the radionuclide in Flowing Sewage;It is preferred that , effluent mesh is arranged at the side wall of stuffing box 4 and bottom;In preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the filler The bottom of box 4 is provided with effluent mesh, and the sewage in stuffing box 4 can so only flowed out downward, and direction is unified, reduces sewage stream Enter to purify the possibility at dead angle.
The mesh of the bottom of stuffing box 4 in the present invention should respectively be set according to packing material and the particle diameter of filtering material: The mesh should can not pass through packing material and filtering material, but can appear sewage.
One or more layers screen cloth or filter membrane can also be laid in the bottom of stuffing box 4, prevent that packing material and filtering material are saturating Cross the mesh of the bottom of stuffing box 4.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in figure 1, the stuffing box 4 is provided with five, layering from top to bottom is set It is vertical, wherein, cobblestone, rough sand, fine sand, graphene aerogel, graphene airsetting have from top to bottom been sequentially filled in stuffing box 4 Glue, radioactive dirty water enters collection device from top, and sewage under gravity, lower floor is gradually flow to by upper strata, and constantly Filtered and adsorbed, finally come together in water outlet.
Stuffing box 4 can be made up of alloy material, preferably metal, with good corrosion-resistant and shielding property.
, can be according to the total amount and radioactive pollution degree of radioactive dirty water, suitably during radionuclide collection From the stuffing box 4 of respective area and height, to realize that the effect of maximum that radionuclide collects and sewage disposal is optimal Change.
In order that each stuffing box 4 is not compact when in use, in the present invention, casing 2 is provided with filler box support 22, uses In support and placement stuffing box 4.Inside casing 2, the number of relative set filler box support 22 and adjacent according to the actual requirements Height between filler box support 22.
As shown in Fig. 2 the filler box support 22 is fixed in inside casing 2, preferably it is integrally formed with casing 2;In one kind In embodiment, the filler box support 22 is the convex edge of the prominent plane of casing 2, is set up along 2 three planar horizontals of casing;Another In a kind of embodiment, the filler box support 22 is a plane, which is provided with effluent mesh.
In order to reach more preferable nucleic collecting action, meanwhile, in order to stablize stuffing box 4, the device provided beneficial to the present invention Move and move, particularly, sealing ring is set in the periphery of stuffing box 4, can be brought into close contact with casing 2 and chamber door 3, at place Sewage will not flow into the filler of lower floor along the gap of stuffing box 4 and casing 2 and stuffing box 4 and chamber door 3 when managing radioactive dirty water Box 4 and/or delivery port.
Accordingly, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, inside the periphery of stuffing box 4, casing 2, and the inner side of chamber door 3, with Seal groove 22 is provided with the corresponding position of sealing ring, for placing sealing ring.
Chamber door 3 and casing 2, can be using a variety of connected modes, in a kind of embodiment party on the basis of it can realize and be tightly connected In formula, chamber door 3 is connected by screw bolts with casing 2, so can uniformly be exerted oneself in all directions, be realized better seal effect. It is preferred that, sealing ring can also be used when chamber door 3 is sealed, it is ensured that sewage does not leak outside.
The radionuclide collection device that the present invention is provided is made of metal, effectively can be reduced and be avoided at sewage To the radiation hazradial bundle of operating personnel during reason.
With reference to Fig. 1, exemplary explanation specifically used and replacing options of the invention:
During normal operation, Open valve 1, radioactive dirty water flows into radionuclide collection device;Sewage passes through first layer In stuffing box 4 under the filtering and suction-operated of pebble, corresponding nucleic is adsorbed, and filter out the larger impurity in sewage;It is dirty Water flows into second layer stuffing box 4, in the presence of rough sand filler, adsorbs corresponding nucleic, and filter out in sewage compared with small impurities;It is dirty Water flows into third layer stuffing box 4, in the presence of fine sand filler, adsorbs corresponding nucleic, and filter out the minute impurities in sewage; Sewage flows into the 4th layer of stuffing box 4, in the presence of graphene aerogel filler, the remaining radioactive nucleus in absorption effluent Element;Last sewage flows into layer 5 stuffing box 4, in the presence of graphene aerogel filler, continues what is remained in absorption effluent Radionuclide.So far, after the sewage of radioactivity very little excludes radioactivity through radioactivity monitoring instrument 5, by the valve 1 of delivery port Discharge collection device.
Filled out when radioactivity monitoring instrument 5 monitors the sewage radioactivity rise after processing to a certain extent, it is necessary to change Material.Valve 1 is closed, when delivery port does not have sewage outflow, filler can be changed:By opening trip bolt, chamber door 3 is opened, All stuffing boxes 4 are taken out, the filler in the stuffing box 4 of first layer, the second layer and third layer is changed;Layer 5 stuffing box 4 and Filler in it together loads the position of the 4th layer of stuffing box 4;Filler in 4th layer of stuffing box 4 is taken out and handled, and The graphene aerogel filler more renewed, is loaded into the position of layer 5 stuffing box afterwards.While changing stuffing box 4, need All sealing rings are checked, if any damage, are changed in time.Finally, chamber door 3 is installed, replacement is completed.Valve 1 is opened, is continued Filter and collect the nucleic in radioactive dirty water.
Embodiment
A kind of radionuclide collection device, its length is 2m, and width is 2m, is highly 5m;Set altogether in box house 5 layers of stuffing box, the length of stuffing box is 1.9m, and width is 1.9m, be highly 0.5m, be from top to bottom sequentially filled gosling ovum Stone (diameter about 1cm), rough sand (diameter about 0.5mm), fine sand (diameter about 0.2mm), graphene aerogel (density 20mg/cm3、 Porosity 95%, pore volume are 2.5m3/ g, specific surface area 600m2/ g), graphene aerogel (density 20mg/cm3, porosity 95%th, pore volume is 2.5m3/ g, specific surface area 600m2/g);Wherein, in each stuffing box, packing material is sufficient filling with completely filling out Magazine.
Radioactive dirty water is handled, wherein, the radioactivity of sewage is more than 3.7 × 109Bq/L, is that high radioactivity is dirty Water;
When radioactive dirty water is handled, Open valve 1, radioactive dirty water flows into radionuclide collection device;Sewage Under filtering and suction-operated by pebble in first layer stuffing box 4, adsorb corresponding nucleic, and filter out in sewage compared with Big impurity;Sewage flows into second layer stuffing box 4, in the presence of rough sand filler, adsorbs corresponding nucleic, and filter out in sewage compared with Small impurities;Sewage flows into third layer stuffing box 4, in the presence of fine sand filler, adsorbs corresponding nucleic, and filter out in sewage Minute impurities;Sewage flows into the 4th layer of stuffing box 4, remaining in absorption effluent in the presence of graphene aerogel filler Radionuclide;Last sewage flows into layer 5 stuffing box 4, in the presence of graphene aerogel filler, continues absorption effluent The radionuclide of middle residual.So far, after the sewage of radioactivity very little excludes radioactivity through radioactivity monitoring instrument 5, by water outlet The discharge collection device of valve 1 of mouth;
Now, the sewage radioactivity after processing is less than 3.7 × 105Bq/L, that is, adsorption coefficient are more than 10000, now, Sewage after processing is low-activity sewage.Low-activity sewage after processing is provided according to relevant departments, is continued with or is arranged Put.
Contrast finds that radionuclide collection device has good collecting action for radionuclide, can be effective Ground is handled radioactive dirty water, mitigates the radioactivity in sewage.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to explanation, the instruction such as term " on ", " under ", " interior ", " outer " " preceding " " rear " Orientation or position relationship be based on the orientation or position relationship under working condition of the present invention, be for only for ease of the description present invention and Simplify description, rather than indicate or imply that the device or element of meaning there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration And operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation " " phase Even " " connection " should broadly understood, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or the connection of one is general It is logical;Can be mechanical connection or electrical connection;Can be directly connected to, can also be indirectly connected with by intermediary, can To be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood with concrete condition Concrete meaning in the present invention.
As long as in addition, the technical characteristic being related in invention described below different embodiments is not constituted each other Conflict can just be combined with each other.
Above in association with preferred embodiment the present invention is described, but these embodiments are only exemplary , only play illustrative effect.On this basis, a variety of replacements and improvement can be carried out to the present invention, these each fall within this In the protection domain of invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of radionuclide collection device, it is characterised in that described device include valve (1), casing (2), chamber door (3), Stuffing box (4) and radioactivity monitoring instrument (5), described device can collect the radionuclide in radioactive dirty water;
Wherein, casing (2) upper and lower side offers water inlet and delivery port respectively, and is provided with valve (1), to control entering for sewage Enter and flow out;Also, radioactivity monitoring instrument (5) is additionally provided with water outlet, to detect the radioactivity of efflux;
Stuffing box (4) is placed in casing (2), and sewage enters casing (2), is flowed out after being purified through stuffing box (4).
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stuffing box (4) is filled with sorbing material, optional goes back Filtering material can be filled with, stuffing box (4) bottom is provided with effluent mesh, and sewage flows after sorbing material/filtering material processing Go out.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the stuffing box (4) can be individually attached and dismantle, can be set Multiple stuffing boxes (4).
4. the device according to one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that stuffing box (4) periphery is provided with sealing ring, energy It is enough to be brought into close contact with casing (2) and chamber door (3), in processing radioactive dirty water sewage will not along stuffing box (4) and casing (2) with And the gap of stuffing box (4) and chamber door (3) flows into the stuffing box (4) and/or delivery port of lower floor.
5. device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the sorbing material includes peat, ore, saccharomycete life Thing, graphene and activated carbon, preferably graphene aerogel.
6. the device according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the thickness of the sorbing material and stuffing box (4) height Quite, the sorbing material can set 1 to multilayer, preferably 2 layers.
7. device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the filtering material includes cobblestone, rough sand, fine sand, mistake Filter pulp, steel filter screen, filter membrane and one kind in activated carbon or its combination;The filtering material can set 1 to multilayer, preferably 3 Layer, also, cobblestone, rough sand and fine sand are followed successively by from top to bottom.
8. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the casing (2) and chamber door (3) are made up of metal, and It is provided with the seal groove (22) for accommodating sealing ring.
9. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the casing (2) is provided with support and places stuffing box (4) Filler box support (21).
CN201710286869.0A 2017-04-27 2017-04-27 Radionuclide collection device Active CN107093483B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107705868A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-02-16 华北电力大学 Radionuclide collection device in a kind of ocean
CN109754888A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-05-14 中国辐射防护研究院 A method of radioactivity waste oil is handled using spent sorbents in nuclear power station

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CN101229949A (en) * 2007-12-19 2008-07-30 核工业理化工程研究院华核新技术开发公司 Mobile radioactive liquid waste treatment equipment
CN101847456A (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-09-29 中广核工程有限公司 Waste gas treatment method of nuclear power plant and treatment device thereof
CN102623077A (en) * 2012-04-09 2012-08-01 苏州热工研究院有限公司 Radioactive wastewater adsorption filter
CN103267974A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-28 清华大学 Improved Marin cup type automatic monitoring device for water body radionuclide gamma radiation
JP2015064221A (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-09 株式会社東芝 Radioactive nuclide removal system and radioactive nuclide removal method
CN206961534U (en) * 2017-04-27 2018-02-02 华北电力大学 A kind of radionuclide collection device

Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101229949A (en) * 2007-12-19 2008-07-30 核工业理化工程研究院华核新技术开发公司 Mobile radioactive liquid waste treatment equipment
CN101847456A (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-09-29 中广核工程有限公司 Waste gas treatment method of nuclear power plant and treatment device thereof
CN102623077A (en) * 2012-04-09 2012-08-01 苏州热工研究院有限公司 Radioactive wastewater adsorption filter
CN103267974A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-28 清华大学 Improved Marin cup type automatic monitoring device for water body radionuclide gamma radiation
JP2015064221A (en) * 2013-09-24 2015-04-09 株式会社東芝 Radioactive nuclide removal system and radioactive nuclide removal method
CN206961534U (en) * 2017-04-27 2018-02-02 华北电力大学 A kind of radionuclide collection device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107705868A (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-02-16 华北电力大学 Radionuclide collection device in a kind of ocean
CN107705868B (en) * 2017-09-14 2024-01-05 华北电力大学 Radionuclide collection device in ocean
CN109754888A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-05-14 中国辐射防护研究院 A method of radioactivity waste oil is handled using spent sorbents in nuclear power station

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