CN107092786A - A kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation method and system of consideration river different conditions - Google Patents
A kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation method and system of consideration river different conditions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation method and system of consideration river different conditions, wherein this method includes obtaining discharge of river data out of river monitoring station river monitoring server；The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type in river includes：Moisturizing river by human driving, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river.The present invention can calculate its ecological matrix flow exactly, and then stablize significant to biocoenes such as observation river animals and plants according to different types of river.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ecological matrix flow in ecological matrix flow rate calculation field, more particularly to a kind of consideration river different conditions
Computational methods and system.
Background technology
River ecological Dryweather flow is defined as maintaining the biocoenes such as river animals and plants stable, and river ecological environment and function are not
Be damaged required basic water amount, and its calculated value should be a long-term observation, relatively stable value.According to Tharme to ecology
The summary of Dryweather flow computational methods, its computational methods are broadly divided into four classes：Hydrologic method, hydraulic method, ecological flow
Analytic approach and ecological environment simulation.
At present, hydraulic method, ecological flow analytic approach and ecological environment simulation easily run into China's practice
The problems such as ecological monitoring data is not enough, manpower and materials are limited, so domestic is hydrology method using more method.This method core
The heart is, using related hydrology index, corresponding river ecological water demand, ecological basic flow to be inquired into by long serial flow data
The indexs such as amount.In hydrologic method, Tennant methods are to apply wide method, and it is that the experts such as field nanotesla have studied 11
Bar has been observed river under the conditions of different flows and area of passage etc., to fishery by the river of effect of human activity very little
Influence and collect to name into Tennant methods.
Tennant method advantages are only obtain the flow data of local one section of long period, just can be according to corresponding coefficient
Local river ecological Dryweather flow is fast calculated, and result of calculation is relatively reasonable.But it stresses to consider flow Annual variations, desalination
The gap of river wet season and water flow in dry season, does not have what is set in Taxonomic discussion, method for difference in functionality positioning river
Percentage, which differs, by stages surely meets in fish egg-laying season demand.The northern area of China river shows obvious seasonal change
Change, flood season, with non-flood period flow difference significantly river ecological base flow was also with season significant changes.Influenceed by mankind's activity, I
The most of natural river of state's northern area, urban river run-off are reduced year by year, and it is non-moisturizing river to define this river；But
There is fraction river to increase year by year due to the reason such as water transfer, artificial recharge, river diversion flow, it is moisturizing river to define this river
Stream.
In consideration of it, the present invention positions the variation tendency with run-off for different Function of river, it is proposed that one kind considers river
The influence of streamflow change and ecological process to hydrologic process in fleeting time, it is average annual to runoff process reduction or also existing method amendment
Flow.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the shortcoming of prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of life of consideration river different conditions
State Dryweather flow computational methods.This method positions the variation tendency with run-off for different Function of river, and the one kind proposed is raw
State Dryweather flow computational methods, can calculate its ecological matrix flow exactly according to different types of river, and then to observation river
The biocoenes such as flowing plant stablize significant.
A kind of ecological matrix method of calculating flux of consideration river different conditions of the present invention, the computational methods are in server
Or completed in processor, including：
Discharge of river data are obtained out of river monitoring station river monitoring server；
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type in river includes：By people
The moisturizing river of class disturbance, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；
Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river：
If river is the moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first after first catastrophe point, warp
Flow reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value to be given birth to as of that month river
State Dryweather flow；
If river is the non-moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first before first catastrophe point,
The new flow sequence of composition is also now calculated through flow；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Most
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year afterwards, higher value is taken as of that month river
Ecological matrix flow；
If river is the river for being not affected by human driving, base flow separation method modified flow rate is applied first, and application is equal
The constant principle of flow, makes revised average annual flow equal with original average annual flow, and then obtain monthly river discharge；Finally
Monthly river discharge is compared with the 10% of revised average annual flow, higher value is taken as of that month river ecological Dryweather flow.
Further, the catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for using Mann-Kendall methods.
Mann-Kendall method abbreviation M-K methods, are a kind of distribution-free test methods suitable for Non-Gaussian Distribution.This method
Advantage be that the interference of extremum in data can be excluded there is certain Statistical Distribution without sample, and count
Calculate easy, sequence variations are diagnosed in terms of being widely used in research rainfall, runoff in hydrology.
Further, if without catastrophe point, river is the river for being not affected by human driving；
If there is catastrophe point, belong to the river by human driving, while further analyze Inflow Sequence, if run-off by
Year is reduced, then river is non-moisturizing river；If run-off increases year by year, river receives artificial recharge, is moisturizing river.
The present invention is analyzed discharge of river sequence first, if without catastrophe point, then it is assumed that river is to be not affected by the mankind
The river of disturbance；Belong to the river by human driving if having catastrophe point, while Inflow Sequence is further analyzed, if run-off
Reduce year by year, it is non-moisturizing river to illustrate river, if run-off increases year by year, shows that river receives artificial recharge, belongs to benefit
Water river.
Further, before flow reduces and calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Stream
The detailed process that amount reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition is：
Rainfall runoff relation before linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off simulated afterwards, completes reduction with this and calculates.
Calculated for reduction, the present invention passes through the rainfall before being fitted catastrophe point using the method for rainfall runoff correlation curve
Runoff, draws the rainfall runoff relation under land surface condition before mutation, by inputting the rainfall after catastrophe point, can obtain
Go out the run-off simulated after catastrophe point, completing reduction with this calculates.
Further, before flow also now calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Stream
Also now the detailed process of the new flow sequence of calculating composition is amount：
Rainfall runoff relation after linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off of front simulation, completes also now to calculate with this.
When calculating such river ecological Dryweather flow, it need to filter out after catastrophe point and to be provided by the larger runoff of man's activity
Material, just can guarantee that the reliability of result., should simultaneously in order to avoid the natural period footpath flow data in river is interfered to result of calculation
Flow is carried out to the footpath flow data before catastrophe point also now to calculate, and is increased the reliability and uniformity of Fuzzy Period of Runoff Series data, is made it
More tally with the actual situation.
Further, for moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river；
Choosing the method for Typical Year includes：
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, the time for taking deviation factor minimum is
Typical Year.
Discharge process replaces river average annual flow in the year of we selected typical of the present invention year, and Typical Year discharge process is more
ZT-1 bio-fertilizer rule in the year of flow can be embodied.
Further, it is using the process of base flow separation method modified flow rate：
In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period
T and t-1 yielding flow (m3/ s), wherein t is positive integer；A is filter factor, is constant；Surface runoff is calculated by above formula
Afterwards, base flow bt=Qt-qt。
In order to avoid being caused to be influenceed on result by flattening data, average annual flow need to be modified, make it
More tally with the actual situation.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river different conditions.
A kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river different conditions of the present invention, including：
Data acquisition unit, it is configured as：Discharge of river data are obtained out of river monitoring station river monitoring server；
Data processor, it is configured as：
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type in river includes：By people
The moisturizing river of class disturbance, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；
Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river：
If river is the moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first after first catastrophe point, warp
Flow reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value to be given birth to as of that month river
State Dryweather flow；
If river is the non-moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first before first catastrophe point,
The new flow sequence of composition is also now calculated through flow；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Most
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year afterwards, higher value is taken as of that month river
Ecological matrix flow；
If river is the river for being not affected by human driving, base flow separation method modified flow rate is applied first, and application is equal
The constant principle of flow, makes revised average annual flow equal with original average annual flow, and then obtain monthly river discharge；Finally
Monthly river discharge is compared with the 10% of revised average annual flow, higher value is taken as of that month river ecological Dryweather flow.
Further, the data processor is additionally configured to：
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for using Mann-Kendall methods；
If without catastrophe point, river is the river for being not affected by human driving；
If there is catastrophe point, belong to the river by human driving, while further analyze Inflow Sequence, if run-off by
Year is reduced, then river is non-moisturizing river；If run-off increases year by year, river receives artificial recharge, is moisturizing river.
Mann-Kendall method abbreviation M-K methods, are a kind of distribution-free test methods suitable for Non-Gaussian Distribution.This method
Advantage be that the interference of extremum in data can be excluded there is certain Statistical Distribution without sample, and count
Calculate easy, sequence variations are diagnosed in terms of being widely used in research rainfall, runoff in hydrology.
The present invention is analyzed discharge of river sequence first, if without catastrophe point, then it is assumed that river is to be not affected by the mankind
The river of disturbance；Belong to the river by human driving if having catastrophe point, while Inflow Sequence is further analyzed, if run-off
Reduce year by year, it is non-moisturizing river to illustrate river, if run-off increases year by year, shows that river receives artificial recharge, belongs to benefit
Water river.
Further, the data processor is additionally configured to：
Before flow reduces and calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Flow reductive agent
The detailed process for calculating the new flow sequence of composition is：
Rainfall runoff relation before linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off simulated afterwards, completes reduction with this and calculates.
Calculated for reduction, the present invention passes through the rainfall before being fitted catastrophe point using the method for rainfall runoff correlation curve
Runoff, draws the rainfall runoff relation under land surface condition before mutation, by inputting the rainfall after catastrophe point, can obtain
Go out the run-off simulated after catastrophe point, completing reduction with this calculates.
Further, the data processor is additionally configured to：
Before flow also now calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Flow is also now counted
The detailed process for calculating the new flow sequence of composition is：
Rainfall runoff relation after linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off of front simulation, completes also now to calculate with this.
When calculating such river ecological Dryweather flow, it need to filter out after catastrophe point and to be provided by the larger runoff of man's activity
Material, just can guarantee that the reliability of result., should simultaneously in order to avoid the natural period footpath flow data in river is interfered to result of calculation
Flow is carried out to the footpath flow data before catastrophe point also now to calculate, and is increased the reliability and uniformity of Fuzzy Period of Runoff Series data, is made it
More tally with the actual situation.
Further, the data processor is additionally configured to：
For moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river；
Choosing the method for Typical Year includes：
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, the time for taking deviation factor minimum is
Typical Year.
Discharge process replaces river average annual flow in the year of we selected typical of the present invention year, and Typical Year discharge process is more
ZT-1 bio-fertilizer rule in the year of flow can be embodied.
Further, the data processor is additionally configured to：
Process using base flow separation method modified flow rate is：
In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period
T and t-1 yielding flow (m3/s)；A is filter factor, is constant；Surface runoff is after above formula is calculated, base flow bt=Qt-
qt。
In order to avoid being caused to be influenceed on result by flattening data, average annual flow need to be modified, make it
More tally with the actual situation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) the ecological matrix method of calculating flux of consideration river different conditions of the invention, is positioned for different Function of river
With the variation tendency of run-off, a kind of ecological matrix method of calculating flux proposed can be according to different types of river, accurately
Ground calculates its ecological matrix flow, and then stablizes significant to biocoenes such as observation river animals and plants.
(2) the ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river different conditions of the invention, by data acquisition unit from river
Discharge of river data are obtained in the river monitoring server of monitoring station；The footpath fluxion in each river is asked for using data processor
According to catastrophe point, and then determine river pattern；The type in river includes：Moisturizing river by human driving, by human driving
Non- moisturizing river and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；Calculate the ecological basic flow in river respectively according to the type in river
Amount, realizes different Function of river positioning and the variation tendency of run-off, according to different types of river, it is calculated exactly
Ecological matrix flow.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the application, do not constitute the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation method flow diagram of consideration river different conditions.
Fig. 2 is a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system structure diagram of consideration river different conditions.
Embodiment
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
Explanation of nouns involved in the present invention is：
" discharge of river sequence " is divided into day by day footpath flow data, month by month footpath flow data, year by year footpath flow data, and these data are by river
The river monitoring server for flowing monitoring station is obtained, and then is calculated.
There are related data in various regions hydrometeorological station or Hydrological Bureau, are calculated by this data.
" percentage " in " percentage by stages " represents that ecological matrix flow specified in former Tennant methods is average annual
This percentage of the 10% of flow；
" by stages " representing the present invention will be divided into typically in 1 year with water phase and fish delivery and feed infant phase；
Percentage in 2 periods is defined as percentage by stages.
1 Mann-Kendall methods
Mann-Kendall method abbreviation M-K methods, are a kind of distribution-free test methods suitable for Non-Gaussian Distribution.This method
Advantage be that the interference of extremum in data can be excluded there is certain Statistical Distribution without sample, and count
Calculate easy, sequence variations are diagnosed in terms of being widely used in research rainfall, runoff in hydrology.
For the time series X (X that some sample size is n1,X2,X3,...,Xn), construct its order row：
In formula：DτAll number aggregate-values more than j moment numerical value during for the i-th moment；τ be i span, τ=1,
2,...,n；N is sample size；RiAccording to X during for the i momentiWith XjSize value 0 or 1；XiFor the numerical value at i moment；XjDuring for j
The numerical value at quarter, j=1,2 ..., i；UFτFor DτThe value obtained after standardized calculation；E(Dτ)、V(Dτ) it is DτAverage and variance.
By searching normal distyribution function table, it can be deduced that the critical value U when a level of signifiance is ααIf, formula
(3) calculated | UFτ| ＞ Uα, then the sequence is in the presence of the obvious variation tendency for rising or declining.Similarly, with opposite sequence
{Xn,Xn-1..., 1 above procedure is repeated, make UBτ=-UFτ, wherein τ=n, n-1 ..., 1, according to UFτAnd UBτValue draws UF
With UB curve maps, if UFτAnd UBτValue be less than 0, then sequence present downward trend, it is on the contrary then be ascendant trend.If UFτAnd UBτIt is bent
Line intersects in critical value UαBetween=± 1.96 (α=0.05), then when being possible to start for sequence variations at the time of intersection point correspondence
Carve.
2 runoffs are reduced to be calculated with also existing
The reduction in 2.1 non-moisturizing rivers is calculated
By the general river of Mankind action, the trend successively decreased year by year is presented in river ethic, and the northern river in part is very
To stopping, river health has been had a strong impact on.In order to ensure the hydrologic regime of northern area natural river be not damaged, city
River maintains basic function, needs to filter out by the less Streamflow Data of man's activity, Cai Nengbao when calculating ecological matrix flow
Demonstrate,prove the authenticity of result.While in order to increase the reliability and uniformity of serial Streamflow Data, it is to avoid extreme Inflow Sequence data
Result of calculation is impacted and calculated, it is necessary to carry out flow reduction to the footpath flow data after catastrophe point.Calculated for reduction, this
Invention, by the rainfall runoff before being fitted catastrophe point, draws underlying surface before mutation using the method for rainfall runoff correlation curve
Under the conditions of rainfall runoff relation, by inputting the rainfall after catastrophe point, it can be deduced that the runoff simulated after catastrophe point
Amount, completes reduction with this and calculates.
Specifically, completing reduction calculating process is：
(1) linear fit is carried out by the rainfall runoff relation before catastrophe point：
R=AP+B
P is rainfall (mm), and R is run-off (hundred million m3), A, B are fitting parameter
(2) rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into above formula, draws the run-off simulated after catastrophe point, reduction is completed with this
Calculate.
The also existing of 2.2 moisturizing rivers calculates
China improves to the development and utilization level in river in recent years, especially urban river of the part Jing Guo a large amount of moisturizings,
Its hydrologic process has bigger difference with natural river, and directly carrying out ecological matrix flow rate calculation using discharge of river sequence data must
Error can so be caused.By the river of moisturizing, source often is mended in order to meet economy around basin, the recharge of ecological requirements institute, its
Emphasis is not in the hydrologic regime in reduction river.Therefore, calculate such river ecological Dryweather flow when, need to filter out catastrophe point it
Afterwards by the larger Streamflow Data of man's activity, the reliability of result just can guarantee that.Simultaneously in order to avoid the natural period footpath in river
Flow data is interfered to result of calculation, should be carried out flow to the footpath flow data before catastrophe point and also now be calculated, increase runoff system
The reliability and uniformity of row data, make it more tally with the actual situation.Calculated for also existing, method is similar to reduction calculating, no
Repeat again.
Specifically, also now calculating process is for completion：
(1) linear fit is carried out by the rainfall runoff relation after catastrophe point：
R=AP+B
P is rainfall (mm), and R is run-off (hundred million m3), A, B are fitting parameter
(2) rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into above formula, draws the run-off of the front simulation of catastrophe point, complete also existing with this
Calculate.
The selection of 3 Typical Years
Discharge process replaces river average annual flow in the year of we selected typical of the present invention year, and Typical Year discharge process is more
ZT-1 bio-fertilizer rule in the year of flow can be embodied, i.e., it is more reasonable using the ecological matrix flow that the Tennant methods of Typical Year are obtained.
For moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river.
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, the time for taking deviation factor minimum is
Typical Year.
The 4 monthly flows of base flow separation method amendment
In order to avoid being caused to be influenceed on result by flattening data, average annual flow need to be modified, make it
More tally with the actual situation.The research object of Tennant methods is natural river, between river flow, base flow and ecological basic flow three
Close relation.River base-flow and ecological basic flow are all the parts in river flow；Base flow is recharge of ground water river in runoff
Part flow；Ecological basic flow is the part flow for maintaining river ecological function.And river base-flow and ecological basic flow
Difference be Source Of Supply, base flow is the amount in recharge of ground water river, and ecological basic flow not only include the recharge of ground water
Measure, also the increment comprising rainwash.For ephemeral stream, dry season stream runoff almost all is mended by underground water
Give, now river basal flow capacity is suitable with run-off, ecological basic flow also depends on base flow, i.e. underground water to ensure.
Base flow separation method fundamental equation：
In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period
T and t-1 yielding flow (m3/s)；A is filter factor.
Surface runoff is after above formula is calculated, and base flow b is calculated by following formula：
bt=Qt-qt。
According to the characteristics of northern river mechanical periodicity and water demand for natural service, April to the increase of September water consumption, fish progresses into
Egg-laying season, Water Requirement is relatively large；March October to next year, precipitation was less, and river water is more withered, and aquatic animals and plants enter the winter
The dormancy phase, Water Requirement is relatively small.Therefore, by the actual water process in river purposes and river, by Time segments division be April extremely
September (fish delivery and feed infant phase), March October to next year (typically using the water phase).It is most of by underground in view of natural river course winter runoff
Water is fed, and marks off base flux of rivers by base flow separation, thus Dryweather flow represents the river in March natural river course October to next year
Flow.And according to the constant principle of average annual flow, adjust revised flow, make revised average annual flow and original average annual stream
Amount is equal.
5 by stages percentage selection improve
According to the characteristics of northern river mechanical periodicity and water demand for natural service, March October to next year, precipitation was less, river water compared with
Withered, aquatic animals and plants enter hibernation period, and Water Requirement is relatively small, are defined as typically using the water phase；April is to September water
Amount increase, fish progress into the egg-laying season, and Water Requirement is relatively large, is defined as the fish egg-laying season.Typically use in river
Water phase, natural river has retained the biotic populations such as the fish in certain run-off, flow velocity and depth of water, river and aquatic plant
Be applicable the periodicity hydrological variation process in river completely, river ecosystem be in it is a kind of can self-control, self-recovery
State, it is the 10% of average annual flow to set ecological matrix flow specified in Tennant methods, can meet the basic ecological ring in river
Demand in border, biota.The problem of in order to solve monthly flow flattening in Tennant methods year, and meet life, ecology
With the minimum requirements of water, the 15% of flow can meet river and life as river ecological Dryweather flow after setting April to September amendment
The minimum requirements of thing.
6 monthly flows are improved
March in October to year time is that the water phase is typically used in river, and natural river retains certain run-off, flow velocity and depth of water, can
It is not damaged with meeting the ecosystem, Fish Survival, landscape are attractive in appearance etc. general requires.Natural river under natural conditions, river
In the biotic population such as fish and aquatic plant be applicable the periodicity hydrological variation process in river, river ecological system completely
System in it is a kind of can self-control, the state of self-recovery.It follows that setting ecological matrix flow specified in Tennant methods
For the 10% of average annual flow, the demand in the basic ecological environment in river, biota can be met.Therefore setting typically uses the water phase
The 10% of flow can meet river and biological minimum requirements as river ecological Dryweather flow using after amendment.
April to September is that fish spawning is educated the phase, and definition of the phase according to ecological matrix flow is educated in fish spawning, is meeting river not
While being damaged, should also meet the aquatiles such as fish can normal spawning, the demand such as breed.For different rivers, first
Clearly important protection fish reproduction habit and habitat conditions are needed, April, early and middle ten dayses fish started spawning, water requirement increase；4 below the moon
Most of fish spawning in ten days~May, water requirement persistently increases when river level declines or river flow does not reach requirement, fish
Class can stop oviposition behavior；June~September water temperature is higher, and fish forage is vigorous, is growth period, it is necessary to which flood is by substantial amounts of leaf
The organic matters such as careless branches and leaves bring river course into.If river does not have specific protection fish, the habit of four large Chinese carps is referred to.April opens
Begin, fish gradually start to be prepared for spawning, according to correlative study, river flow 0.20m/s~0.25m/s is fish spawning
Required lowest speed, floating lower limit is 0.25m/s to fish-egg safely.August is fish delivery and feed infant peak period, since April rises the phase
To the August flow velocity maximum phase, river flow at least increases 0.1m/s.Therefore, should be by fish for specific protection fish delivery and feed infant habit
Growth reproduction rule increases a flow conditions with being coupling on the basis of former Tennant methods for hydrologic regime change, meets fish
Class existence procreation requires that specific data are shown in Table 1.Mean flow rate, finds out the corresponding river discharge of this flow velocity accordingly, and contrast is former
The size of average this flow of flow 10% is taken in Tennant methods, it is of that month river ecological Dryweather flow to take higher value, is determined therefrom that
Final base flow percentage, finally selection is shown in Table 2 to percentage by stages.
1 fish delivery and feed infant phase of table flow velocity chooses unit：m/s
The selection unit of the ecological matrix flow of table 2 percentage by stages：m3/s
Specifically, as shown in figure 1, a kind of ecological matrix method of calculating flux of consideration river different conditions of the present invention, is somebody's turn to do
Computational methods are completed in server or in processor, including：
Step 1：Discharge of river data are obtained out of river monitoring station river monitoring server；
Step 2：The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type bag in river
Include：Moisturizing river by human driving, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；
Further, the catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for using Mann-Kendall methods.
Mann-Kendall method abbreviation M-K methods, are a kind of distribution-free test methods suitable for Non-Gaussian Distribution.This method
Advantage be that the interference of extremum in data can be excluded there is certain Statistical Distribution without sample, and count
Calculate easy, sequence variations are diagnosed in terms of being widely used in research rainfall, runoff in hydrology.
Further, if without catastrophe point, river is the river for being not affected by human driving；
If there is catastrophe point, belong to the river by human driving, while further analyze Inflow Sequence, if run-off by
Year is reduced, then river is non-moisturizing river；If run-off increases year by year, river receives artificial recharge, is moisturizing river.
The present invention is analyzed discharge of river sequence first, if without catastrophe point, then it is assumed that river is to be not affected by the mankind
The river of disturbance；Belong to the river by human driving if having catastrophe point, while Inflow Sequence is further analyzed, if run-off
Reduce year by year, it is non-moisturizing river to illustrate river, if run-off increases year by year, shows that river receives artificial recharge, belongs to benefit
Water river.
Step 3：Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river：
If river is the moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first after first catastrophe point, warp
Flow reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value to be given birth to as of that month river
State Dryweather flow；
If river is the non-moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first before first catastrophe point,
The new flow sequence of composition is also now calculated through flow；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Most
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year afterwards, higher value is taken as of that month river
Ecological matrix flow；
If river is the river for being not affected by human driving, base flow separation method modified flow rate is applied first, and application is equal
The constant principle of flow, makes revised average annual flow equal with original average annual flow, and then obtain monthly river discharge；Finally
Monthly river discharge is compared with the 10% of revised average annual flow, higher value is taken as of that month river ecological Dryweather flow.
Further, before flow reduces and calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Stream
The detailed process that amount reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition is：
Rainfall runoff relation before linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off simulated afterwards, completes reduction with this and calculates.
Calculated for reduction, the present invention passes through the rainfall before being fitted catastrophe point using the method for rainfall runoff correlation curve
Runoff, draws the rainfall runoff relation under land surface condition before mutation, by inputting the rainfall after catastrophe point, can obtain
Go out the run-off simulated after catastrophe point, completing reduction with this calculates.
Further, before flow also now calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Stream
Also now the detailed process of the new flow sequence of calculating composition is amount：
Rainfall runoff relation after linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off of front simulation, completes also now to calculate with this.
When calculating such river ecological Dryweather flow, it need to filter out after catastrophe point and to be provided by the larger runoff of man's activity
Material, just can guarantee that the reliability of result., should simultaneously in order to avoid the natural period footpath flow data in river is interfered to result of calculation
Flow is carried out to the footpath flow data before catastrophe point also now to calculate, and is increased the reliability and uniformity of Fuzzy Period of Runoff Series data, is made it
More tally with the actual situation.
Wherein, for moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river；
Choosing the method for Typical Year includes：
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, the time for taking deviation factor minimum is
Typical Year.
Discharge process replaces river average annual flow in the year of we selected typical of the present invention year, and Typical Year discharge process is more
ZT-1 bio-fertilizer rule in the year of flow can be embodied.
Further, it is using the process of base flow separation method modified flow rate：
In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period
T and t-1 yielding flow (m3/s)；A is filter factor, is constant；Surface runoff is after above formula is calculated, base flow bt=Qt-
qt。
In order to avoid being caused to be influenceed on result by flattening data, average annual flow need to be modified, make it
More tally with the actual situation.
Fig. 2 is a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system structure diagram of consideration river different conditions of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river different conditions of the present invention, including：Data
Collector and data processor.
(1) data acquisition unit, it is configured as：Discharge of river number is obtained out of river monitoring station river monitoring server
According to.
(2) data processor, it is configured as：
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type in river includes：By people
The moisturizing river of class disturbance, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；
Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river：
If river is the moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first after first catastrophe point, warp
Flow reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value to be given birth to as of that month river
State Dryweather flow；
If river is the non-moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first before first catastrophe point,
The new flow sequence of composition is also now calculated through flow；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Most
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year afterwards, higher value is taken as of that month river
Ecological matrix flow；
If river is the river for being not affected by human driving, base flow separation method modified flow rate is applied first, and application is equal
The constant principle of flow, makes revised average annual flow equal with original average annual flow, and then obtain monthly river discharge；Finally
Monthly river discharge is compared with the 10% of revised average annual flow, higher value is taken as of that month river ecological Dryweather flow.
Wherein, data processor is additionally configured to：
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for using Mann-Kendall methods；
If without catastrophe point, river is the river for being not affected by human driving；
If there is catastrophe point, belong to the river by human driving, while further analyze Inflow Sequence, if run-off by
Year is reduced, then river is non-moisturizing river；If run-off increases year by year, river receives artificial recharge, is moisturizing river.
Mann-Kendall method abbreviation M-K methods, are a kind of distribution-free test methods suitable for Non-Gaussian Distribution.This method
Advantage be that the interference of extremum in data can be excluded there is certain Statistical Distribution without sample, and count
Calculate easy, sequence variations are diagnosed in terms of being widely used in research rainfall, runoff in hydrology.
The present invention is analyzed discharge of river sequence first, if without catastrophe point, then it is assumed that river is to be not affected by the mankind
The river of disturbance；Belong to the river by human driving if having catastrophe point, while Inflow Sequence is further analyzed, if run-off
Reduce year by year, it is non-moisturizing river to illustrate river, if run-off increases year by year, shows that river receives artificial recharge, belongs to benefit
Water river.
Further, data processor is additionally configured to：
Before flow reduces and calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Flow reductive agent
The detailed process for calculating the new flow sequence of composition is：
Rainfall runoff relation before linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off simulated afterwards, completes reduction with this and calculates.
Calculated for reduction, the present invention passes through the rainfall before being fitted catastrophe point using the method for rainfall runoff correlation curve
Runoff, draws the rainfall runoff relation under land surface condition before mutation, by inputting the rainfall after catastrophe point, can obtain
Go out the run-off simulated after catastrophe point, completing reduction with this calculates.
Further, data processor is additionally configured to：
Before flow also now calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Flow is also now counted
The detailed process for calculating the new flow sequence of composition is：
Rainfall runoff relation after linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, draw catastrophe point it
The run-off of front simulation, completes also now to calculate with this.
When calculating such river ecological Dryweather flow, it need to filter out after catastrophe point and to be provided by the larger runoff of man's activity
Material, just can guarantee that the reliability of result., should simultaneously in order to avoid the natural period footpath flow data in river is interfered to result of calculation
Flow is carried out to the footpath flow data before catastrophe point also now to calculate, and is increased the reliability and uniformity of Fuzzy Period of Runoff Series data, is made it
More tally with the actual situation.
Further, data processor is additionally configured to：
For moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river；
Choosing the method for Typical Year includes：
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, the time for taking deviation factor minimum is
Typical Year.
Discharge process replaces river average annual flow in the year of we selected typical of the present invention year, and Typical Year discharge process is more
ZT-1 bio-fertilizer rule in the year of flow can be embodied.
Further, data processor is additionally configured to：
Process using base flow separation method modified flow rate is：
In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period
T and t-1 yielding flow (m3/s)；A is filter factor, is constant；Surface runoff is after above formula is calculated, base flow bt=Qt-
qt。
In order to avoid being caused to be influenceed on result by flattening data, average annual flow need to be modified, make it
More tally with the actual situation.
The ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of the consideration river different conditions of the present invention, by data acquisition unit from river monitoring
Discharge of river data are obtained in the river monitoring server stood；The footpath flow data in each river is asked for using data processor
Catastrophe point, and then determine river pattern；The type in river includes：Moisturizing river by human driving, do not mended by human driving
Water river and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river, it is real
Different Function of river positioning and the variation tendency of run-off are showed, according to different types of river, it have been calculated exactly ecological
Dryweather flow.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (10)
1. the ecological matrix method of calculating flux of a kind of consideration river different conditions, it is characterised in that the computational methods are in server
Completed in interior or processor, its detailed process includes：
Discharge of river data are obtained out of river monitoring station river monitoring server；
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type in river includes：Disturbed by the mankind
Dynamic moisturizing river, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；
Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river：
If river is the moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first after first catastrophe point, through flow
Reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally by allusion quotation
The monthly river discharge of type year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value as of that month river ecological base
Flow；
If river is the non-moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first before first catastrophe point, through stream
Amount is also existing to calculate the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally will
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value as of that month river ecological
Dryweather flow；
If river is the river for being not affected by human driving, base flow separation method modified flow rate is applied first, and apply equal flow
Constant principle, makes revised average annual flow equal with original average annual flow, and then obtain monthly river discharge；Finally by the moon
Equal river discharge is compared with the 10% of revised average annual flow, takes higher value as of that month river ecological Dryweather flow.
2. the ecological matrix method of calculating flux of a kind of consideration river as claimed in claim 1 different conditions, it is characterised in that adopt
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for Mann-Kendall methods.
3. a kind of ecological matrix method of calculating flux of consideration river as claimed in claim 1 different conditions, it is characterised in that if
There is no catastrophe point, then river is the river for being not affected by human driving；
If there is catastrophe point, belong to the river by human driving, while Inflow Sequence is further analyzed, if run-off subtracts year by year
Few, then river is non-moisturizing river；If run-off increases year by year, river receives artificial recharge, is moisturizing river.
4. a kind of ecological matrix method of calculating flux of consideration river as claimed in claim 1 different conditions, it is characterised in that
Flow reduction is calculated before the new flow sequence of composition, also obtains the rainfall information in river；Flow reduction, which is calculated, to be constituted newly
The detailed process of flow sequence is：
Rainfall runoff relation before linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, the rear mold of catastrophe point is drawn
The run-off of plan, completes reduction with this and calculates.
5. a kind of ecological matrix method of calculating flux of consideration river as claimed in claim 1 different conditions, it is characterised in that
Flow is also now calculated before the new flow sequence of composition, also obtains the rainfall information in river；Flow is also now calculated and constituted newly
The detailed process of flow sequence is：
Rainfall runoff relation after linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, mould before catastrophe point is drawn
The run-off of plan, completes also now to calculate with this.
6. the ecological matrix method of calculating flux of a kind of consideration river as claimed in claim 1 different conditions, it is characterised in that right
In moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river；
Choosing the method for Typical Year includes：
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, it is typical case to take the deviation factor minimum time
Year.
7. the ecological matrix method of calculating flux of a kind of consideration river as claimed in claim 1 different conditions, it is characterised in that should
Process with base flow separation method modified flow rate is：
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<msub>
<mi>q</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
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In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period t and
T-1 yielding flow (m3/s)；A is filter factor, is constant；T is t-th of period, and t is positive integer；Surface runoff is by upper
After formula is calculated, base flow bt=Qt-qt。
8. a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river different conditions, it is characterised in that including：
Data acquisition unit, it is configured as：Discharge of river data are obtained out of river monitoring station river monitoring server；
Data processor, it is configured as：
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for, and then determines river pattern；The type in river includes：Disturbed by the mankind
Dynamic moisturizing river, the non-moisturizing river by human driving and it is not affected by this three class of the river of human driving；
Calculate the ecological matrix flow in river respectively according to the type in river：
If river is the moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first after first catastrophe point, through flow
Reduction calculates the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally by allusion quotation
The monthly river discharge of type year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value as of that month river ecological base
Flow；
If river is the non-moisturizing river by human driving, the footpath flow data inquired about first before first catastrophe point, through stream
Amount is also existing to calculate the new flow sequence of composition；Further according to new flow sequence and actual flow sequence, Typical Year is chosen；Finally will
The monthly river discharge of Typical Year is compared with the 10% of the average annual river discharge of Typical Year, takes higher value as of that month river ecological
Dryweather flow；
If river is the river for being not affected by human driving, base flow separation method modified flow rate is applied first, and apply equal flow
Constant principle, makes revised average annual flow equal with original average annual flow, and then obtain monthly river discharge；Finally by the moon
Equal river discharge is compared with the 10% of revised average annual flow, takes higher value as of that month river ecological Dryweather flow.
9. a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river as claimed in claim 8 different conditions, it is characterised in that institute
Data processor is stated to be additionally configured to：
The catastrophe point of the footpath flow data in each river is asked for using Mann-Kendall methods；
If without catastrophe point, river is the river for being not affected by human driving；
If there is catastrophe point, belong to the river by human driving, while Inflow Sequence is further analyzed, if run-off subtracts year by year
Few, then river is non-moisturizing river；If run-off increases year by year, river receives artificial recharge, is moisturizing river；
Or the data processor is additionally configured to：
Before flow reduces and calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Flow reduces calculating group
The detailed process of Cheng Xin flow sequence is：
Rainfall runoff relation before linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall after catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, the rear mold of catastrophe point is drawn
The run-off of plan, completes reduction with this and calculates；
Or the data processor is additionally configured to：
Before flow also now calculates the new flow sequence of composition, the rainfall information in river is also obtained；Flow also existing calculating group
The detailed process of Cheng Xin flow sequence is：
Rainfall runoff relation after linear fit catastrophe point；
Rainfall before catastrophe point is substituted into the rainfall runoff relation formula before linear fit catastrophe point, mould before catastrophe point is drawn
The run-off of plan, completes also now to calculate with this.
10. a kind of ecological matrix flow rate calculation system of consideration river as claimed in claim 8 different conditions, it is characterised in that
The data processor is additionally configured to：
For moisturizing river, then Typical Year is chosen after catastrophe point, it is then opposite for non-moisturizing river；
Choose Typical Year：
(1) the average annual flow at river monitoring station is obtained one by one
(2) annual flow for being monitored each river monitoring station withIt is divided by, obtains a year modulus kit；
(3) modulus number averageWherein i is the i-th observation station, and t is t-th of period, and wherein t is positive integer；
(4) selectTime closest to 1 is Typical Year, if having multiple close to 1, it is typical case to take the deviation factor minimum time
Year；
Or the data processor is additionally configured to：
Process using base flow separation method modified flow rate is：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>q</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
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<mrow>
<mi>t</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
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<mo>+</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
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<msub>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
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In formula：qtAnd qt-1Respectively period t and t-1 filtered surface runoff (m3/s)；QtAnd Qt-1Respectively period t and
T-1 yielding flow (m3/ s), t is t-th of period, and t is positive integer；A is filter factor, is constant；Surface runoff is by upper
After formula is calculated, base flow bt=Qt-qt。
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