CN107091778A - A kind of irradiation of four axles slow strain rate tension promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine - Google Patents
A kind of irradiation of four axles slow strain rate tension promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107091778A CN107091778A CN201710467473.6A CN201710467473A CN107091778A CN 107091778 A CN107091778 A CN 107091778A CN 201710467473 A CN201710467473 A CN 201710467473A CN 107091778 A CN107091778 A CN 107091778A
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- kettle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0232—High pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0236—Other environments
- G01N2203/0242—With circulation of a fluid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to stress etching experiment field, the irradiation of specially a kind of four axles slow strain rate tension promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, the problems such as solving traditional uniaxial tensile test inefficiency.The device is mainly made up of HTHP circulation, autoclave, four axle stretching devices, data collecting system etc., and HTHP circulation is connected with autoclave, and irradiated sample is arranged in autoclave, and sample is connected by specimen holder with stretching device.HTHP circulation high-temperature high pressure water for needed for providing experiment in autoclave, four axle stretching devices carry out slow strain rate tension, data collecting system automatic data collection record experimental data to the irradiated sample in autoclave.Wherein, four axle stretching devices are made up of servo, self-balancing kettle out-draw device, force snesor, universal joint and force transmitting board etc..The present invention can realize that four axles are loaded simultaneously, and the irradiation that four samples can be carried out simultaneously promotes stress etching experiment, is greatly enhanced conventional efficient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stress etching experiment field, it is related to slow strain rate tension stress corrosion under HTHP water environment
Testing machine, particularly a kind of irradiation for carrying four axle stretching devices promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, for studying sample after irradiation
Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion under HTHP water environment, to evaluate military service performance of the material under HTHP water environment.
Background technology
Nuclear power structure material and its part are on active service for a long time in the severe rugged environments such as high-temperature high pressure water, irradiation, and what it was on active service can
It is to influence the key factor of nuclear power station safety in operation and economy by property and stability.The core structure material such as austenitic stainless steel
Material is long-term to be on active service in strong neutron irradiation and high-temperature high pressure water corrosive environment, under the reciprocation of irradiation, corrosion with stress
Can occur irradiation and promote stress corrosion cracking (IASCC).The countries such as Europe, the United States, day, in-service pressurized water reactor core coaming plate is connected with stainless
When Steel Bolt is with CRDM guide pipe Ni-based X-750 alloys support pin, occur a lot of IASCC failures things
Part.Germinating time of the IASCC crackles under actual Service Environment is general longer, usually requires in laboratory conditions using acceleration
Experiment, applies certain tension/strain to promote the germinating of crackle to sample.
Common experimental method is slow strain rate tension experiment, and the method can efficiently contrast different materials or material of the same race
Expect the IASCC sensitiveness under varying environment, different radiation parameters.Irradiated sample is different from traditional stress corrosion sample, irradiation
Sample is typically generally that gauge length section is square small-sized non-standard sample, and due to irradiation, sample is special and the reason such as equipment shortcoming.Mesh
Before, the country's not yet system carries out the IASCC researchs for home made materials, therefore a set of for studying irradiation rush in the urgent need to researching and developing
Enter the experimental facilities of stress corrosion.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at provide one kind to study exposed material Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion under HTHP water environment
Testing machine, solve irradiation present in prior art and promote stress etching experiment equipment research and development shortcoming, traditional uniaxial tension is real
The problems such as testing inefficiency.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of irradiation of four axles slow strain rate tension promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, and the testing machine is followed including HTHP
Ring water system, autoclave, four axle stretching devices, the part of data collecting system four, wherein：HTHP circulation and high pressure
Kettle is connected, and autoclave, which is inverted, to be fixed on internal force elimination pillar；Four axle stretching devices are provided with clamping device and self-balancing kettle in kettle
Clamping device is arranged in autoclave in out-draw device, kettle, and irradiated sample two ends outside specimen holder and self-balancing kettle by drawing
Stretch device to be connected, data collecting system is connected with the force snesor on self-balancing kettle out-draw device, data collecting system is by power
The force signal that sensor is produced is exported to data collecting card by signal amplifier, and the output end connection of data collecting card is calculated
Machine.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, and autoclave is on kettle and kettle cover
Lower setting structure, kettle cover bottom is connected by connector with servo, and water inlet and delivery port are set in kettle cover, and HTHP is followed
Ring water system is connected by water inlet and delivery port with kettle, and servo carries out stretching experiment to the irradiated sample in autoclave；
HTHP circulation high-temperature high pressure water for needed for providing experiment in autoclave, it is accurate by HTHP circulation
Water chemistry parameter in control loop, slow judgement of speed change is carried out by self-balancing kettle out-draw device to the irradiated sample in autoclave
Rate is stretched, and experimental data is recorded by data collecting system automatic data collection.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, and whole testing machine is fixed on bottom plate
On, bottom plate on the ground, forms the integral structure that can be moved integrally by fastening foundation bolt；It is uniform on bottom plate to be oriented to branch
Post, guide stanchion is fixed with bottom plate by latching；Horizontally disposed fixed plate is connected with guide stanchion, is watched respectively from bottom to top
Machine fixed plate, kettle cover fixed plate, leading block fixed plate are taken, is fixed between fixed plate and guide stanchion with lock；It is logical at the top of kettle
Lifting-steel-rope connection is crossed, the runner of leading block fixed plate centre bore, leading block and lift is sequentially passed through, passes through lift
To lift the kettle of autoclave；Kettle cover is fixed in kettle cover fixed plate by flange, blending bolt fastening, and connection heat is handed on kettle cover
Delivery port connection stainless steel tube on the inside of the water inlet and delivery port of parallel operation, kettle cover stretches into autoclave body bottom, and servo passes through bolt
It is fixed in servo fixed plate；Internal force is connected between servo fixed plate and kettle cover fixed plate and eliminates pillar, internal force eliminates branch
Post two ends all with threaded connection, make kettle cover and servo be linked to be an entirety；Being provided with the middle of the lifting pulley fixed plate is used for
By the circular hole of lifting-steel-rope, the parallel fixed block in lifting pulley fixed plate makes the lifting-steel-rope deflecting company through circular hole
To lift.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, and the top of autoclave kettle is set
Hanging bolt hole, the flange of kettle sets kettle kingbolt hole, and autoclave kettle cover is in vertically communicated setting kettle cover fixing threaded hole, kettle
Kingbolt hole, the outer kingbolt hole of kettle cover, stretching axis hole, thermocouple hole in lid, autoclave kettle cover are laterally setting intake-outlet, entered
The mouth of a river and one end of delivery port are located at the side of kettle cover respectively, and the other end of water inlet and delivery port is located at the upper table of kettle cover respectively
Face；
Hanging bolt is installed in hanging bolt hole, and spiral shell is passed through between corresponding kettle kingbolt hole and the outer kingbolt hole of kettle cover
Tether and connect, kettle and kettle cover is connected；Kettle cover fixing threaded hole and internal force eliminate pillar 30 and are connected kettle cover, stretch axis hole
Tensile axis is worn, thermocouple hole wears thermocouple.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes clamping device in stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, kettle to include：Draw
Stretch sample, fixture one, fixture two, fixture three, fixture four, kettle inner support plate, the two ends of tensile sample respectively with examination
Sample fixture two three with fixture is connected by screw thread, and fixture one is with fixture two, fixture three and fixture four by even
Pin is connected, and connecting pin is with specimen holder by ceramic pipe insulation, and the upper end that fixture is four is connected with kettle inner support plate, fixture one
The lower end in portion is connected with tensile axis, and fixture one is insulated for four with fixture two, fixture three with fixture by potsherd.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, self-balancing kettle out-draw device bag
Include：Tensile axis, force snesor, force snesor connecting rod, universal joint, servo force transmitting board, one end of tensile axis passes through on kettle cover
Uniform stretching axis hole is directly protruding into kettle to be connected with the specimen holder of tensile sample, and the other end of tensile axis passes through connection
Part is connected with servo；
The lower end of tensile axis be sequentially connected downwards force snesor connecting rod, force snesor, universal joint, servo force transmitting board and
Servo, the outside of tensile axis sets gradually water cooling plant, large shaft sleeve, little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two, large shaft sleeve peace from top to bottom
On kettle cover in uniform stretchable holes, large shaft sleeve is connected through a screw thread with kettle cover, and large shaft sleeve and the end face of kettle cover junction are close
Water cooling plant is connected with envelope, large shaft sleeve, large shaft sleeve is by external circulating water；Two little axle sleeves are oppositely arranged, little axle sleeve one, small
Connected between axle sleeve two by connecting rod, and holding position is relatively fixed, and HTHP is passed through between little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two
Water lines are connected, and make high-temperature high pressure water in little axle sleeve one, UNICOM is kept in little axle sleeve two, keep pressure balance, tensile axis with it is big
Sealed between axle sleeve, little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two by high resiliency fluororubber O-type ring.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, positioned at little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve
Force transmitting board one is horizontally mounted on the outside of tensile axis between two, lower section and the force transmitting board two of force transmitting board one are oppositely arranged, force transmitting board one
It is connected between force transmitting board two by connecting rod, force snesor connecting rod is connected to by connecting rod, realize the transmission of loading, is passed
Power plate two-way is crossed force snesor connecting rod, force snesor, universal joint and servo force transmitting board and connected, and servo force transmitting board is installed on
In the servo connecting rod of servo.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, and servo is acted on downwards, drives
Axial displacement is stretched, so as to drive tensile sample；Plus load pass sequentially through servo connecting rod, servo force transmitting board, universal joint,
Force snesor, force snesor connecting rod, tensile axis, specimen holder one, fixture two are delivered on tensile sample, are ensured simultaneously
Fixture one, fixture two, fixture four, fixture three, tensile sample, tensile axis, force snesor, force snesor connecting rod,
Universal joint and servo force transmitting board and universal joint connecting hole are on same vertical line, the centre bore and servo of servo force transmitting board
Connecting rod is on same vertical line.
The irradiation of four described axle slow strain rate tensions promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, the concrete operations step of the testing machine
It is rapid as follows：
(1) deionized water is injected to HTHP circulation, the recirculated water for needed for being provided experiment；
(2) tensile sample is assembled；First, start lift, drive kettle to move up, separate kettle and kettle cover；Then, it will press from both sides
Tool one be fastened on tensile axis, fixture four is hung in kettle inner support plate, then by fixture two be fixed on tensile axis
Fixture one on, operation servo moves up tensile axis, after tensile sample upper-end contact is to fixture four, geometrical clamp
Tool four and the fixture three for being connected with tensile sample；Finally, with spanner fastening clips four and kettle inner support plate, make on tensile axis
With identical pretightning force；
(3) kettle is closed；Install after tensile sample, operate lift, put down kettle, kettle and kettle cover is fully combined, then
Kettle cover kingbolt is tightened, autoclave is fully sealed；
(4) operating circulating water；The water in loop is set to be full of kettle, regulating loop flow is removed by ion exchange resin
Impurity in loop, until resistivity meets requirement of experiment；Removal of impurities is then closed, solution needed for experiment is added；Then by loop
Pressure rises to pressure needed for experiment；Last loop is warming up to experiment design temperature；
(5) stabilization sub stage；Treat that temperature rises to experiment design temperature, stablize 48 to 72 hours；
(6) stretching experiment；Open data collecting system, acquisition and recording experimental data；Open servo control panel, setting
Tension test parameter, starts loading；
(7) experiment is stopped；After stretching experiment reaches the condition of setting, stop servo, preserve experimental data, Ran Houguan
Preheater and autoclave heating switch are closed, treats that loop temperature is down to room temperature, experiment terminates.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect：
1st, the present invention can carry out the slow strain rate of the nonstandard small sample of irradiation in the HTHP water environment of simulation nuclear power
(10-8~10-6/ s) stretching experiment, therefore the irradiation promotion Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of material can be evaluated；
2nd, the present invention uses four axle slow strain rate tensions, compared to traditional uniaxial loading stretching experiment, drastically increases
Conventional efficient；
3rd, the present invention realizes computer software automatic data collection record data, and interface is clear, easy to operate；
4th, the present invention is with low cost, simple to operate, reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is whole device structure chart of the present invention.In figure, 2- kettlies；12- kettle covers；28- servos；Clamping dress in 29- kettles
Put；30- internal force eliminates pillar；31- self-balancing kettle out-draw devices；37- servo fixed plates；38- kettle cover fixed plates；39- bottoms
Plate；40- lifting pulley fixed plates；41- lifting-steel-ropes；42- pulleys；43- lifts；44- guide stanchions.
Fig. 2-Fig. 3 is autoclave kettle structure figure.Wherein, Fig. 2 is front view；Fig. 3 is top view.In figure, 2- kettlies；
10- kettle kingbolts hole；32- hanging bolts hole.
Fig. 4-Fig. 5 is autoclave kettle cover structure chart.Wherein, Fig. 4 is upward view；Fig. 5 is K-K sectional views in Fig. 4.In figure,
12- kettle covers；The outer kingbolt hole of 13- kettle covers；14- stretches axis hole；33- kettle cover fixing threaded holes；Kingbolt hole in 34- kettle covers；35- enters
Delivery port；36- thermocouple holes.
Fig. 6 is that four axle stretching devices are schemed in detail.In figure, 1- hanging bolts；2- kettlies；3- kettle inner support plates；4- fixtures four
Portion；5- connecting pins；6- fixtures three；7- tensile samples；8- fixtures two；9- fixtures one；10- kettle kingbolts hole；11- is drawn
Stretch axle；12- kettle covers；The outer kingbolt hole of 13- kettle covers；14- stretches axis hole；15- water cooling plants；16- little axle sleeves one；17- connecting rods；
18- force transmitting boards one；19- connecting rods；20- pipelines；21- little axle sleeves two；22- force transmitting boards two；23- force snesor connecting rods；24- power
Sensor；25- universal joints；26- servo force transmitting boards；27- servo connecting rods；28- servos；45- large shaft sleeves.
Fig. 7 is that irradiation dose is 1.5dpa and domestic core 304 stainless steels of level of 5dpa dissolve in 320 DEG C, 13MPa, 2.6ppm
The surface topography of sample after being tested in hydrogen environment.Wherein, strain rate is 3 × 10-7/ s, dependent variable is 1% and 3%.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of stress of material after testing irradiation in the case where HTHP circulates water environment
Corrosion susceptibility testing machine, the testing machine is main by HTHP circulation, autoclave, four axle stretching device (kettle inner clips
Hold device 29 and self-balancing kettle out-draw device 31), the part of data collecting system four composition, wherein：HTHP circulating water
System is connected with autoclave, and autoclave, which is inverted, to be fixed on four circular internal force elimination pillars 30, and clamping device 29 is arranged in kettle
In autoclave, irradiated sample two ends are connected by specimen holder with self-balancing kettle out-draw device 31, data collecting system with from
Force snesor 24 on equilibrium still out-draw device 31 is connected, and the force signal that data collecting system produces force snesor passes through letter
Number amplifier is exported to data collecting card, and the output end connection computer of data collecting card, experimental data is remembered by control software
Record is stored in computer.Autoclave is kettle 2 and the structure setting up and down of kettle cover 12, and the bottom of kettle cover 12 passes through connector and servo
Machine 28 is connected, and water inlet and delivery port are set in kettle cover 12, and HTHP circulation passes through water inlet and delivery port and kettle
Body 2 is connected.Servo carries panel operation, and control model can be set in a conventional manner：Load, displacement etc., so as to high pressure
Irradiated sample in kettle carries out stretching experiment.HTHP circulation HTHP for needed for providing experiment in autoclave
Water, the aquations such as dissolved oxygen (DO), dissolved hydrogen (DH), electrical conductivity in loop are accurately controlled by HTHP circulation
Parameter is learned, slow strain rate tension is carried out to the irradiated sample in autoclave by self-balancing kettle out-draw device 31, passes through number
Experimental data is recorded according to acquisition system automatic data collection.
Autoclave is 316 stainless steel autoclaves, and volume is 3L, design temperature and pressure (400 DEG C, 24MPa).For reality
Convenient loading during testing, autoclave is is inverted shape, i.e. kettle cover 12 under, and kettle 2 is upper.Whole device fixes one piece of big bottom
On plate 39, and bottom plate 39 tests machine integrated on the ground, entirely by fastening foundation bolt, can move integrally.On bottom plate 39
Uniform four guide stanchions 44, guide stanchion 44 is fixed with bottom plate 39 by latching.Three blocks of water are connected with four guide stanchions 44
The flat fixed plate set, is servo fixed plate 37, kettle cover fixed plate 38, leading block fixed plate 40 respectively from bottom to top, Gu
Same between fixed board and guide stanchion 44 to be fixed with lock, can fix also can adjusting position up and down.The top of kettle 2 passes through hoisting steel
Rope 41 is connected, and sequentially passes through the centre bore of leading block fixed plate 40, leading block 42 and the runner of lift 43, and lift 43 is used for
Lift autoclave.Kettle cover 12 is fixed in kettle cover fixed plate 38 by flange, blending bolt fastening, and heat exchange is connected on kettle cover 12
The water inlet and delivery port of device, the delivery port of the inner side of kettle cover 12 connect a stainless steel tube, stretch into the bottom of kettle 2.Servo 28
Equally it is fixed by bolts in servo fixed plate 37.Four internal force are connected between servo fixed plate 37 and kettle cover fixed plate 38
Pillar 30 is eliminated, internal force eliminates the two ends of pillar 30 all with threaded connection, kettle cover 12 and servo 28 is linked to be an entirety, so
Loading force just directly eliminates pillar 30 by four internal force and acted on the ground during stretching, the influence of elimination internal force.The lifting
Circular hole is provided with the middle of pulley fixed plate 40, it is parallel in lifting pulley fixed plate 40 to fix two for by lifting-steel-rope 41
Pulley 42, makes the deflecting of lifting-steel-rope 41 through circular hole be connected to lift 43.
As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 6, circular flange is provided with the bottom of kettle 2 of autoclave, for laying kettle cover sealing ring, kettle
2 flange sets eight kettle kingbolt holes 10, and the top of autoclave kettle 2 sets three hanging bolt holes 32；Autoclave kettle
The kingbolt hole outside four kettle cover fixing threaded holes 33 of vertically communicated setting, kingbolt hole 34 in four kettle covers, eight kettle covers of lid 12
13rd, four stretching axis holes 14, thermocouple holes 36, autoclave kettle cover 12 is laterally setting intake-outlet 35 (water inlet and delivery port
In relative 180 degree), one end of water inlet and delivery port is located at the other end of the side of kettle cover 12, water inlet and delivery port respectively
It is located at the upper surface of kettle cover 12 respectively.
Hanging bolt 1 is installed in hanging bolt hole 32, for connecting cable wire lifting kettle 2.Corresponding kettle kingbolt hole
It is bolted between 10 and the outer kingbolt hole 13 of kettle cover, kettle 2 and kettle cover 12 is connected and is sealed.Kettle cover fixes spiral shell
Hole 33 keeps to the side to locate positioned at the bottom surface of kettle cover 12, and kettle cover fixing threaded hole 33 is symmetrical screwed hole, rectangular distribution, for being eliminated with internal force
Pillar 30 is connected kettle cover 12.Stretching axis hole 14 be distributed on on the same circle in the center of kettle cover 12, close to the positive one end of kettle 2
For through hole, for being screwed hole close to the bottom surface of kettle cover 12, for connecting large shaft sleeve 45 by tensile axis 11.Thermocouple hole 36
In the center of kettle cover 12, for wearing thermocouple.In addition, in kettle cover kingbolt hole 34 be screwed hole, be distributed on on kettle cover 12
Stretch on the same circle of axis hole 14, for fixing the support bar in autoclave.
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6, four axle stretching devices include clamping device 29 and self-balancing kettle out-draw device 31 in kettle, its
In：
Clamping device 29 includes in kettle：Tensile sample 7, specimen holder (fixture one 9, fixture two 8, fixture three 6,
Fixture four 4), kettle inner support plate 3, the two ends of tensile sample 7 pass through screw thread for three 6 with specimen holder two 8 and fixture respectively
It is connected, fixture one 9 and fixture two 8, fixture three 6 and fixture are all connected for four 4 by connecting pin 5, connecting pin 5 and sample
Fixture is by ceramic pipe insulation, and the upper end that fixture is four 4 is connected with kettle inner support plate 3, the lower end that fixture is one 9 and tensile axis 11
It is connected, fixture one 9 and fixture two 8, fixture three 6 are insulated for four 4 with fixture by potsherd.Fixture three 6, fixture four
The material in portion 4 is identical with the material of tensile sample, and such a design can effectively prevent tensile sample from occurring galvanic corrosion.
Self-balancing kettle out-draw device 31 includes：Tensile axis 11, force snesor 24, force snesor connecting rod 23, universal joint
25th, servo force transmitting board 26, one end of tensile axis 11 passes through four stretching axis holes 14 (sleeve sealing hole) uniform on kettle cover 12
It is directly protruding into kettle 2 and is connected with the specimen holder of tensile sample 7, the other end of tensile axis 11 passes through connector and servo
28 connections.
The lower end of tensile axis 11 is sequentially connected downwards force snesor connecting rod 23, force snesor 24, universal joint 25, servo
Force transmitting board 26 and servo 28, the outside of tensile axis 11 set gradually water cooling plant 15, large shaft sleeve 45, little axle sleeve one from top to bottom
16th, little axle sleeve 2 21, large shaft sleeve 45 is arranged in four stretchable holes 14 uniform on kettle cover, and large shaft sleeve 45 passes through spiral shell with kettle cover 12
Line is connected, large shaft sleeve 45 and the end face seal of the junction of kettle cover 12, is connected with water cooling plant 15 on large shaft sleeve 45, large shaft sleeve 45 is by outer
Put circulating water；Two little axle sleeves are oppositely arranged, and are connected between little axle sleeve 1, little axle sleeve 2 21 by three connecting rods 17
Connect, and holding position is relatively fixed, and is connected between little axle sleeve 1, little axle sleeve 2 21 by water under high pressure pipeline 20, is made water under high pressure
UNICOM is kept in little axle sleeve 1, little axle sleeve 2 21, pressure balance is kept, tensile axis 11 is in loading procedure not by autoclave
Interior pressure influence, makes experiment more accurate, passes through between tensile axis 11 and large shaft sleeve 45, little axle sleeve 1, little axle sleeve 2 21
High resiliency fluororubber O-type ring is sealed, it is ensured that tensile axis keeps good sealing property in loading.
It is provided with tensile axis 11 between little axle sleeve 1, little axle sleeve 2 21 at screw thread, screw thread and connects force transmitting board 1, is passed
The both sides of power plate 1 are fixed with nut, it is possible to change force transmitting board 1 in stretching by rotating the screw thread on force transmitting board 1
Position on axle 11, so as to adjust stretchable displacement.The outside of tensile axis 11 between little axle sleeve 1, little axle sleeve 2 21
Force transmitting board 1 is horizontally mounted, lower section and the force transmitting board 2 22 of force transmitting board 1 are oppositely arranged, force transmitting board 1 and force transmitting board two
Connected between 22 by connecting rod 19, force snesor connecting rod 23 is connected to by connecting rod 19, realize the transmission of loading.
Through hole is provided with the middle of force transmitting board 2 22, for connecting force snesor connecting rod 23, the both sides spiral shell of force transmitting board 2 22
Mother is fixed, it is ensured that the level of force transmitting board 2 22；Force transmitting board 2 22 is provided with four uniform through holes, for universal-joint 25, universal joint
25 are fastened on force transmitting board 2 22 by nut, it is ensured that the uniformity of four axial displacements movement；Force transmitting board 2 22 passes through force snesor
Connecting rod 23, force snesor 24, universal joint 25 are connected with servo force transmitting board 26, are led in the middle of servo force transmitting board 26 provided with one
Hole, for connecting servo 28, servo force transmitting board 26 is installed in the servo connecting rod 27 of servo 28.
Servo 28 is acted on downwards, the displacement of tensile axis 11 is driven, so as to drive tensile sample 7.Plus load is passed sequentially through
Servo connecting rod 27, servo force transmitting board 26, universal joint 25, force snesor 24, force snesor connecting rod 23, tensile axis 11,
Specimen holder one 9, fixture are delivered on tensile sample 7 for two 8, while ensureing fixture (fixture one 9, fixture two 8, folder
Tool four 4, fixture three 6), tensile sample 7, tensile axis 11, force snesor 24, force snesor connecting rod 23, universal joint 25 and
Servo force transmitting board 26 is with the connecting hole of universal joint 25 on same vertical line, and centre bore and the servo of servo force transmitting board 26 connect
Extension bar 27 is on same vertical line；The self-balancing kettle out-draw device 31 also includes one and eliminates power apparatus in loading, for disappearing
The internal force acted on during except loading, eliminates power apparatus in loading and eliminates pillar 30 and kettle by four internal force by servo fixed plate 37
Lid fixed plate 38 is connected to form, and servo fixed plate 37 sets (Fig. 1) with the relative level of kettle cover fixed plate 38.
As shown in figs 1 to 6, the present invention is used to study stress corrosion sensitivity of the irradiated sample under HTHP water environment
Property, concrete operation step is as follows：
1st, deionized water is injected to HTHP circulation, the recirculated water for needed for being provided experiment.
2nd, tensile sample is assembled.First, start lift 43, drive kettle 2 to move up, separate kettle 2 and kettle cover 12.So
Afterwards, by fixture one 9 be fastened on tensile axis 11, fixture hangs in kettle inner support plate 3 for four 4 and (leaves gap, do not fasten),
On the fixture that then fixture is fixed on tensile axis 11 for two 8 one 9, operation servo 28 moves up tensile axis 11,
After tensile sample upper-end contact is to fixture four 4, stationary fixture four 4 and the fixture three 6 for being connected with tensile sample 7；Finally,
With small torque spanner fastening clips four 4 and kettle inner support plate 3, make that there is identical pretightning force on four tensile axis 11.
3rd, kettle is closed.Install after four tensile samples 7, operate lift 43, put down kettle 2, make kettle 2 and kettle cover 12 abundant
With reference to then tightening kettle cover kingbolt, autoclave be fully sealed.
4th, operating circulating water.The water in loop is set to be full of kettle 2, regulating loop flow is removed by ion exchange resin
Impurity in loop, until resistivity meets requirement of experiment；Removal of impurities is then closed, solution needed for experiment is added；Then by loop
Pressure rises to pressure needed for experiment；Last loop is warming up to experiment design temperature.
5th, the stabilization sub stage.Treat that temperature rises to experiment design temperature, stablize 48 to 72 hours.
6th, stretching experiment.Open data collecting system, acquisition and recording experimental data.The control panel of servo 28 is opened, if
Determine tension test parameter (control model, rate of extension, long stroke, halt condition etc.), start loading.
7th, experiment is stopped.After stretching experiment reaches the condition of setting, stop servo, preserve experimental data, Ran Houguan
Preheater and autoclave heating switch are closed, treats that loop temperature is down to room temperature, experiment terminates.
Below, by embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, irradiation dose for 1.5dpa and 5dpa domestic core level 304 stainless steels 320 DEG C, 13MPa,
Slow strain rate tension experiment in 2.6ppm dissolved hydrogen environment, strain rate is 3 × 10-7/ s, dependent variable is 1% and 3%.
Experiment material is domestic core 304 stainless steels of level, and the tensile sample of irradiation, gauge length size is 21mm × 2mm × 2mm.
Sample irradiation is completed in Univ Michigan-Ann Arbor USA Ion Beam Surface Modification and assay laboratory, and irradiation uses energy for 2MeV, directly
Footpath is 3mm proton beam simulation neutron irradiation, and irradiation damage speed is 6 × 10-6Dpa/s, irradiation temperature is 360 DEG C.Irradiation
Tensile sample afterwards is fixed on fixture, tightens autoclave, runs water circulation, and water chemistry condition needed for control experiment, setting is real
Test 320 DEG C of temperature.After temperature in the kettle reaches design temperature, stablize 72 hours, then service data acquisition system, opens servo
Machine control panel, sets control model as displacement, and strain rate is 3 × 10-7/ s, stopping boundary condition is 1% and 3% strain amplitude
Value.Be cooled to room temperature, take out sample, observe surface topography, with face crack number and length compare material irradiation promotion
Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion.As shown in fig. 7, can see from specimen surface pattern, 5dpa specimen surface crackles are significantly more than
1.5dpa samples, illustrate that irradiation promotes the Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion of material.
Embodiment result shows that the present invention can realize that four axles are loaded simultaneously, and the irradiation that four samples can be carried out simultaneously promotees
Enter stress etching experiment, be greatly enhanced conventional efficient.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of irradiation of four axles slow strain rate tension promotes stress corrosion (cracking) test machine, it is characterised in that the testing machine includes
HTHP circulation, autoclave, four axle stretching devices, the part of data collecting system four, wherein：HTHP recirculated water
System is connected with autoclave, and autoclave, which is inverted, to be fixed on internal force elimination pillar；Four axle stretching devices are provided with clamping device in kettle
With self-balancing kettle out-draw device, clamping device is arranged in autoclave in kettle, irradiated sample two ends pass through specimen holder with from
Equilibrium still out-draw device is connected, and data collecting system is connected with the force snesor on self-balancing kettle out-draw device, and data are adopted
The force signal that collecting system produces force snesor is exported to data collecting card, the output end of data collecting card by signal amplifier
Connect computer.
2. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 1, its feature exists
Be kettle and kettle cover structure setting up and down in, autoclave, kettle cover bottom is connected by connector with servo, set in kettle cover into
The mouth of a river and delivery port, HTHP circulation are connected by water inlet and delivery port with kettle, and servo is in autoclave
Irradiated sample carry out stretching experiment；HTHP circulation high-temperature high pressure water for needed for providing experiment in autoclave, leads to
The water chemistry parameter crossed in the accurate control loop of high temperature cycle of higher pressure water system, by self-balancing kettle out-draw device to autoclave
Interior irradiated sample carries out slow strain rate tension, and experimental data is recorded by data collecting system automatic data collection.
3. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 1, its feature exists
In whole testing machine is fixed on bottom plate, and bottom plate on the ground, forms the integration that can be moved integrally by fastening foundation bolt
Structure；Uniform guide stanchion on bottom plate, guide stanchion is fixed with bottom plate by latching；It is connected with guide stanchion horizontally disposed solid
Fixed board, is servo fixed plate, kettle cover fixed plate, leading block fixed plate respectively from bottom to top, between fixed plate and guide stanchion
Fixed with lock；Connected at the top of kettle by lifting-steel-rope, sequentially pass through leading block fixed plate centre bore, leading block and liter
The runner of drop machine, the kettle of autoclave is lifted by lift；Kettle cover is fixed in kettle cover fixed plate by flange, and uses spiral shell
Bolt is fastened, and the connection stainless steel tube of the delivery port on the inside of the water inlet and delivery port of heat exchanger, kettle cover is connected on kettle cover and stretches into kettle
Body bottom, servo is bolted in servo fixed plate；In being connected between servo fixed plate and kettle cover fixed plate
Power eliminates pillar, and internal force eliminates pillar two ends all with threaded connection, kettle cover and servo is linked to be an entirety；The lifting is slided
Taking turns to be provided with the middle of fixed plate is used for by the circular hole of lifting-steel-rope, the parallel fixed block in lifting pulley fixed plate, make through
The lifting-steel-rope deflecting of circular hole is connected to lift.
4. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 1, its feature exists
In the top of autoclave kettle sets hanging bolt hole, and the flange of kettle sets kettle kingbolt hole, and autoclave kettle cover is vertical
Kingbolt hole, the outer kingbolt hole of kettle cover, stretching axis hole, thermocouple hole, autoclave kettle in insertion setting kettle cover fixing threaded hole, kettle cover
Cover and intake-outlet is laterally being set, one end of water inlet and delivery port is located at the side of kettle cover respectively, water inlet and delivery port
The other end is located at the upper surface of kettle cover respectively；
Hanging bolt is installed in hanging bolt hole, is connected between corresponding kettle kingbolt hole and the outer kingbolt hole of kettle cover by bolt
Connect, kettle and kettle cover is connected；Kettle cover fixing threaded hole and internal force eliminate pillar 30 and are connected kettle cover, and stretching axis hole is worn
Tensile axis, thermocouple hole wears thermocouple.
5. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 1, its feature exists
In clamping device includes in kettle：Tensile sample, fixture one, fixture two, fixture three, fixture four, kettle inner support plate,
The two ends of tensile sample are connected with specimen holder two and fixture three by screw thread respectively, fixture one and fixture two, folder
Tool three is with fixture four by being connected pin connection, and connecting pin and specimen holder are by ceramic pipe insulation, the upper end that fixture is four
It is connected with kettle inner support plate, the lower end that fixture is one is connected with tensile axis, fixture one and fixture two, fixture three and fixture
Four are insulated by potsherd.
6. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 1, its feature exists
In self-balancing kettle out-draw device includes：Tensile axis, force snesor, force snesor connecting rod, universal joint, servo force transmitting board,
One end of tensile axis is directly protruding into kettle by stretching axis hole uniform on kettle cover to be connected with the specimen holder of tensile sample,
The other end of tensile axis is connected by connector with servo；
The lower end of tensile axis is sequentially connected downwards force snesor connecting rod, force snesor, universal joint, servo force transmitting board and servo
Machine, the outside of tensile axis sets gradually water cooling plant, large shaft sleeve, little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two from top to bottom, and large shaft sleeve is arranged on
On kettle cover in uniform stretchable holes, large shaft sleeve is connected through a screw thread with kettle cover, large shaft sleeve and the end face seal of kettle cover junction, greatly
Water cooling plant is connected with axle sleeve, large shaft sleeve is by external circulating water；Two little axle sleeves are oppositely arranged, little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve
Connected between two by connecting rod, and holding position is relatively fixed, and passes through HTHP water pipe between little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two
Road is connected, and makes high-temperature high pressure water in little axle sleeve one, UNICOM is kept in little axle sleeve two, keeps pressure balance, tensile axis and large shaft sleeve,
Sealed between little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two by high resiliency fluororubber O-type ring.
7. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 6, its feature exists
In the tensile axis outside between little axle sleeve one, little axle sleeve two is horizontally mounted force transmitting board one, the lower section of force transmitting board one and power transmission
Plate two is oppositely arranged, and is connected between force transmitting board one and force transmitting board two by connecting rod, and being connected to force snesor by connecting rod connects
Extension bar, realizes the transmission of loading, and force transmitting board two-way crosses force snesor connecting rod, force snesor, universal joint and servo force transmitting board
Connection, servo force transmitting board is installed in the servo connecting rod of servo.
8. promoting stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in claim 6, its feature exists
In servo is acted on downwards, stretching axial displacement is driven, so as to drive tensile sample；Plus load passes sequentially through servo connection
Bar, servo force transmitting board, universal joint, force snesor, force snesor connecting rod, tensile axis, specimen holder one, two biographies of fixture
It is delivered on tensile sample, while ensureing fixture one, fixture two, fixture four, fixture three, tensile sample, tensile axis, power
Sensor, force snesor connecting rod, universal joint and servo force transmitting board and universal joint connecting hole are on same vertical line, servo
The centre bore of force transmitting board is with servo connecting rod on same vertical line.
9. promote stress corrosion (cracking) test machine according to the irradiation of four axle slow strain rate tensions described in one of claim 1 to 8, its
It is characterised by, the concrete operation step of the testing machine is as follows：
(1) deionized water is injected to HTHP circulation, the recirculated water for needed for being provided experiment；
(2) tensile sample is assembled；First, start lift, drive kettle to move up, separate kettle and kettle cover；Then, by fixture one
Portion is fastened on tensile axis, and fixture four is hung in kettle inner support plate, the folder that then fixture two is fixed on tensile axis
On tool one, operation servo moves up tensile axis, after tensile sample upper-end contact is to fixture four, stationary fixture four
Portion and the fixture three for being connected with tensile sample；Finally, with spanner fastening clips four and kettle inner support plate, make to have on tensile axis
Identical pretightning force；
(3) kettle is closed；Install after tensile sample, operate lift, put down kettle, kettle and kettle cover is fully combined, then tighten
Kettle cover kingbolt, is fully sealed autoclave；
(4) operating circulating water；The water in loop is set to be full of kettle, regulating loop flow removes loop by ion exchange resin
In impurity, until resistivity meets requirement of experiment；Removal of impurities is then closed, solution needed for experiment is added；Then by circuit pressure
Rise to pressure needed for experiment；Last loop is warming up to experiment design temperature；
(5) stabilization sub stage；Treat that temperature rises to experiment design temperature, stablize 48 to 72 hours；
(6) stretching experiment；Open data collecting system, acquisition and recording experimental data；Open servo control panel, setting stretching
Test parameters, starts loading；
(7) experiment is stopped；After stretching experiment reaches the condition of setting, stop servo, preserve experimental data, be then shut off pre-
Hot device and autoclave heating switch, treats that loop temperature is down to room temperature, experiment terminates.
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