CN107090798B - Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state - Google Patents
Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state, including step in detail below, 1) acquisition purpose reservoir surveys the hydrology, silt data；2) inquire into over-saturation sediment transport state lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S*；3) divide section, shunt suspended sediment continuity equation under the conditions of magnitude, gradation diameter group solution steady uniform flow, calculate restoration & saturation coefficient under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state：4) restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state is established, this method is bonded sediment movement process under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state, nonuniform sediment approximation under each flow stage, which is analyzed, by actual measurement hydrologic and silt data is grouped sand holding ability, calculate nonuniform sediment restoration & saturation coefficient under corresponding over-saturation sediment transport state, can be more simple and accurately establish restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula under over-saturation sediment transport state, data needed for this method can directly apply in reservoir sediment accumulation numerical simulation compared with existing method more easily collecting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to river water sand numerical simulation field, more particularly to restoring under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state
Saturation coefficient calculation method.
Background technique
After building reservoir on natural river, the relative balance state of river and runoff and sediment load is destroyed, makes the erosion in river
Basal plane varies widely, and deposits in library, belongs to typical over-saturation nonequilibrium transportation problem.Restoration & saturation coefficient is
When reflecting suspended load nonequilibrium transportation, important parameter from silt content to the close resume speed of saturation silt content, that is, sediment carrying capacity,
Its value rationally whether directly affect reservoir sediment accumulation prediction achievement reliability.It therefore, if can be to reservoir over-saturation sediment transport
Restoration & saturation coefficient is computed correctly under state, can effectively improve reservoir sediment accumulation precision of prediction, thus utmostly
Sediment siltation is reduced to lose caused by the comprehensive benefits such as reservoir service life and flood control, shipping.
Mainly there are following three kinds about restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method at present：One is directly establish by sediment budget
What the one-dimensional non-equilibrium sediment transport equation formula of even sand obtained, it is interpreted to settle probability, and value is less than 1；Another kind is by asking
Two-dimension diffusion equation is solved, but after acquiring its solution according to better simply boundary condition, exports restoration & saturation coefficient, and its value is then greater than
1；The third is, when boundary condition is simpler, to show that restoration & saturation coefficient is bottom containing sand by integrating two-dimension diffusion equation
The ratio to mean sediment concentration is measured, value is also greater than 1.As it can be seen that existing distinct methods calculate restoration & saturation coefficient achievement difference compared with
Greatly, unified understanding is not yet formed, the raising of reservoir sediment accumulation prediction computational accuracy is seriously constrained.It additionally can be according to silt
Movement statistics theory establishes the boundary condition of nonequilibrium transportation, obtains the expression of restoration & saturation coefficient under the conditions of nonequilibrium transportation
Formula.But structure is complicated for such method, parameter is numerous, it is difficult to be applied to reservoir sediment accumulation prediction and calculate.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is using actual measurement hydrologic and silt data after reservoir filling, and is based on pairing approximation
It is grouped the statistical analysis of sand holding ability, proposes restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：Under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state
Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method, including step in detail below,
1) acquisition purpose reservoir surveys the hydrology, silt data, specifically includes：Reservoir is into and out of library and reservoir area along the main water of journey
Text station water level Hi, flow Qi, silt content Si, suspended sediment grain composition Pi,j, i=1~I, I be hydrometric station number, j=1~NJ,
NJ is partial size packet count；K characterizes k-th of flow stage, and k=1~NK, NK are that flow is classified number；And section where hydrometric station
Length L in section between shape data and hydrometric stationi, i=1~I-1；
2) inquire into over-saturation sediment transport state lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S*；
3) divide section, shunt suspended sediment continuity equation (1) under the conditions of magnitude, gradation diameter group solution steady uniform flow,
Calculate restoration & saturation coefficient under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state：
Wherein,
In formula, S is silt content, S*For sand holding ability, α is restoration & saturation coefficient, and ω is silt-settling velocity, and q is flow, L two
Spacing between hydrometric station；
4) restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state is established.
The step 2) inquires into over-saturation sediment transport state lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S*, and specific step is as follows：
It is filtered out using silt discharge analytic approach in over-saturation sediment transport based on the actual measurement hydrology, silt data after reservoir operation
Water sand data under state；The silt discharge analytic approach implementation is, according to formula Qi+1Si+1Pi,j+1/QiSiPi,j, analyze same
Moment, whether adjacent two stations downstream stations nonuniform sediment sedimentary loading was less than upstream station, this group of water sand data is in if ratio is less than 1
Over-saturation sediment transport state；
Certain is inquired into using lower envelope analysis method based on flow, silt content, gradation data is respectively stood under over-saturation sediment transport state
One flow stage lower aprons are grouped sand holding ability, and the lower envelope analysis method implementation is to draw a certain website partial size group silt
The lower envelope curve of silt content and discharge relation corresponds to the minimum value of the partial size group silt silt content by analyzing a certain flow, approximate
Obtain the sand holding ability S of the partial size group silt under each flow stage in the hydrometric station* i, j, k, k=1~NK, NK are that flow is classified number.
Establish under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state that specific step is as follows for restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula in the step 4)：
Suspension index is calculated according to following formula：
zi,j,k=ωk/ku*i,j (3)
In formula
Wherein z is Suspension index, and ω is silt-settling velocity, and g is acceleration of gravity, the h depth of water, J hydraulic slope；
The correlativity figure of point sink restoration & saturation coefficient α and Suspension index z is fitted following power function shape using homing method
Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula under the reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state of formula：
α=mzn (5)
Wherein m is coefficient, and n is index.
Technical effect of the invention：Compared with existing method, this method is bonded silt under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state and transports
Dynamic process analyzes nonuniform sediment approximation under each flow stage by actual measurement hydrologic and silt data and is grouped sand holding ability, calculates corresponding super full
With nonuniform sediment restoration & saturation coefficient under sediment transport state, can be more simple and accurately establish under over-saturation sediment transport state and restore full
And coefficient formulas, data needed for this method can directly apply to reservoir sediment accumulation compared with existing method more easily collecting
In numerical simulation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is restoration & saturation coefficient product process schematic diagram under the over-saturation sediment transport state of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the purpose reservoir schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is restoration & saturation coefficient and Suspension index relation schematic diagram under the over-saturation sediment transport state of the embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 2, hydrometric station 1 is that reservoir is put in storage control station, and hydrometric station 3 is reservoir outbound control station, and hydrometric station 2 is intermediate control
System station, reservoir area is divided into section 1 and section 2 by three hydrometric stations.
Specific embodiment
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings：
The invention proposes restoration & saturation coefficient calculation methods under a kind of new reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state.It thinks substantially
Lu Shi：According to sediment movement feature under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state, i.e., in this state nonuniform sediment silt content along journey gradually
Reduce and gradually approached to sand holding ability, but be consistently greater than or be equal to sediment carrying capacity, this group of partial size under a certain flow stage will be surveyed
Silt silt content minimum value approximation is considered as sand holding ability, and then is substituted into steady uniform flow suspended sediment continuity equation and solved respectively
Nonuniform sediment restoration & saturation coefficient under flow stage finally establishes the power function form calculus between restoration & saturation coefficient and Suspension index
Formula.The process that technical solution of the present invention provides can be used computer software technology and realize that automatic running, detailed process are detailed in
Fig. 1.
Below with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing being further elaborated with to technical solution of the present invention.
Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state, includes the following steps：
Step 1, acquisition purpose reservoir surveys the hydrology, silt data.If reservoir is into and out of library and reservoir area along the main hydrometric station of journey
Total I, must acquire data includes flow Qi, silt content Si, suspended sediment grain composition Pi,j, wherein i characterizes i-th of the hydrology
It stands, i=1~I, j characterize jth group partial size silt, and j=1~NJ, NJ are grouping silt group number；K characterizes k-th of flow stage, k=1
~NK, NK are that flow is classified number；And length L in section between hydrometric stationi, i=1~I-1.
Step 2, inquire into over-saturation sediment transport state lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S*, including step 2.1 and step 2.2.The step
Rapid emphasis is to draw the lower envelope curve that silt content and discharge relation are grouped under over-saturation sediment transport state, and then determine different flow grade
Lower nonuniform sediment approximation is grouped sand holding ability.
Step 2.1, the water sand data screening under over-saturation sediment transport state.
It is purpose reservoir hydrometric station and river reach's dividing schematic diagram shown in Fig. 2, wherein hydrometric station 1 is that reservoir is put in storage control station,
Hydrometric station 3 is reservoir outbound control station, and hydrometric station 2 is intermediate control station, and reservoir area is divided into section 1 according to three hydrometric stations
With section 2.
Embodiment is by by the upstream and downstream control station nonuniform sediment sedimentary loading of each section in reservoir area, according to formula Qi+1Si+1Pi,j+1/
QiSiPi,jIt is analyzed, wherein i=1,2.This group of water sand data is in over-saturation sediment transport state if the formula ratio is less than 1；
Step 2.2, inquire into approximate grouping sand holding ability S*。
Flow, silt content data by each station filtered out in step 2.1 in over-saturation sediment transport state, point is drawn respectively
In on figure, and then the lower envelope curve drawn the station flow on the diagram, be grouped silt content relationship, read each flow stage Qi,kCorresponding
Each partial size group minimum silt content SMin, i, j, k, and it is regarded as flow lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S* i, j, k≈SMin, i, j, k。
Step 3, divide section, shunt suspended sediment continuity equation under the conditions of magnitude, gradation diameter group solution steady uniform flow
(1), restoration & saturation coefficient under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state is calculated.
Wherein,
S in formula (1)i,j,k、si+1,j,kJ partial size group silt content respectively under the section i import and export control station qk flow stage,For average section of river sand holding ability, s*i,j,kAnd s*i+1,j,kRespectively import and export approximation in section is grouped sand holding ability, LiFor the river i
Segment length, ωi,j,kFor j partial size group silt-settling velocity, calculation formula is numerous and mature, needn't elaborate any further.Above-mentioned each variable is
Know or can be calculated, restoration & saturation coefficient can be derived by formula (1)
Calculation formula (3), by approximate point of gained in step 2.2
Group sand holding ability S* i, j, kSubstitution formula (2), (3), you can get it αi,j,k。
Step 4, restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula is established under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state, including step 4.1 and step
4.2。
Step 4.1, Suspension index is calculated according to formula (4).
zi,j,k=ωk/ku*i,j (4)
In formula
Wherein z is Suspension index, and ω is silt-settling velocity, and g is acceleration of gravity, the h depth of water, J hydraulic slope reality.Apply river in example
The hydraulic slope J of section ii,kIt can be calculated by formula (6), H is water level.
The mean depth h of section i in embodimenti,kIt can be calculated by formula (7).
A in formula, B section discharge area and river width where corresponding hydrometric station when being respectively water level H, can be according to the hydrology
Section topographic(al) data where standing is acquired with water level at that time, has general maturation method, without repeating.
Step 4.2, by each section, each flow stage, each partial size group restoration & saturation coefficient αi,j,kWith Suspension index zi,j,kPhase
Pass relationship point is shown in Fig. 3 on drawing.It is fitted using homing method, under the reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state that power function form can be obtained
Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula (8).
α=mzn (8)
Wherein m is coefficient, and n is index, m=0.0002, n=0.91 in embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state, it is characterised in that：Including walking in detail below
Suddenly,
1) acquisition purpose reservoir surveys the hydrology, silt data, specifically includes：Reservoir is into and out of library and reservoir area along the main hydrometric station of journey
Water level Hi, flow Qi, silt content Si, suspended sediment grain composition Pi,j, i=1~I, I are hydrometric station number, and j=1~NJ, NJ are
Partial size packet count；K characterizes k-th of flow stage, and k=1~NK, NK are that flow is classified number；And section landform money where hydrometric station
Section length L between material and hydrometric stationi, i=1~I-1；
2) inquire into over-saturation sediment transport state lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S*；
3) divide section, shunt suspended sediment continuity equation (1) under the conditions of magnitude, gradation diameter group solution steady uniform flow, calculate
Restoration & saturation coefficient under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state：
Wherein,
In formula, S is silt content, S*For sand holding ability, α is restoration & saturation coefficient, and ω is silt-settling velocity, and q is flow, and L is two hydrometric stations
Between spacing；
4) restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state is established.
2. restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state according to claim 1, feature
It is：The step 2) inquires into over-saturation sediment transport state lower aprons grouping sand holding ability S*Specific step is as follows：
It is filtered out using silt discharge analytic approach in over-saturation sediment transport state based on the actual measurement hydrology, silt data after reservoir operation
Under water sand data；The silt discharge analytic approach implementation is, according to formula Qi+1Si+1Pi,j+1/QiSiPi,j, analyze synchronization
Whether adjacent two stations downstream stations nonuniform sediment sedimentary loading is less than upstream station, this group of water sand data is in super full if ratio is less than 1
With sediment transport state；
Based on flow, silt content, the gradation data of respectively standing under over-saturation sediment transport state, using lower envelope analysis method, certain one stream is inquired into
Magnitude lower aprons are grouped sand holding ability, and the lower envelope analysis method implementation is to draw a certain website partial size group silt containing sand
The lower envelope curve of amount and discharge relation, the minimum value of the partial size group silt silt content is corresponded to by analyzing a certain flow, and approximation obtains
The sand holding ability S of the partial size group silt under each flow stage in the hydrometric station* i, j, k, k=1~NK, NK are that flow is classified number.
3. restoration & saturation coefficient calculation method under a kind of reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state according to claim 1, feature
It is：Establish under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state that specific step is as follows for restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula in the step 4)：
Suspension index is calculated according to following formula：
zi,j,k=ωk/ku*i,j (3)
In formula
Wherein z is Suspension index, and ω is silt-settling velocity, and g is acceleration of gravity, the h depth of water, J hydraulic slope；
The correlativity figure of point sink restoration & saturation coefficient α and Suspension index z is fitted following power function form using homing method
Restoration & saturation coefficient calculation formula under reservoir over-saturation sediment transport state：
α=mzn (5)
Wherein m is coefficient, and n is index.
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| JP2009275362A (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2009-11-26 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | River hydraulic test device |
| CN106337388A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-01-18 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Method for determining cascade reservoir interval incoming sediment amount and distributing cascade reservoir interval incoming sediment amount along flowing path |
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| JP2009275362A (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2009-11-26 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | River hydraulic test device |
| CN106337388A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2017-01-18 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Method for determining cascade reservoir interval incoming sediment amount and distributing cascade reservoir interval incoming sediment amount along flowing path |
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