CN107090408B

CN107090408B - Small household biogas generating tank and biogas generating method

Info

Publication number: CN107090408B
Application number: CN201710500621.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡锦祥; 黄种衍; 蔡锦村; 蔡东孟
Original assignee: NANAN CITY GREEN BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Current assignee: NANAN CITY GREEN BIOGAS TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Priority date: 2017-06-27
Filing date: 2017-06-27
Publication date: 2020-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-27
Also published as: CN107090408A

Abstract

The invention provides a small household biogas generating tank and a biogas generating method, wherein a gas collecting bin is arranged on the upper end surface of a tank body of the biogas generating tank, a pressurizing bin is arranged on one side of an inner cavity of the gas collecting bin, a pressurizing device is arranged on the other side of the gas collecting bin, a gas pressure sensor is arranged on the tank wall on the upper side of the inner cavity of the tank body, a stirring device is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the tank body, and crushing cutters are uniformly arranged on the shaft surface of a stirring shaft. The invention adopts the structure of the pressurizing bin and the pressurizing device to pressurize the marsh gas generated by the marsh gas generator, when the marsh gas is used, the pressurized marsh gas fully meets the output quantity of people to the marsh gas, avoids the situation that the fire is unstable or the fire cannot be adjusted in the cooking process of people, fully meets the requirements of people, and adopts the structure of the crushing knife to crush the straws put into the waste materials, so that the marsh gas is more fully generated, and the reacted waste materials are favorably discharged.

Description

Small household biogas generating tank and biogas generating method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of methane tanks, in particular to a small household methane generating tank and a methane generating method.

Background

The biogas is a combustible gas with higher calorific value, compared with other fuel gases, the anti-explosion performance of the biogas is better, the biogas is a good clean fuel, the biogas is mostly used for heating, cooking and lighting in the prior art, in fact, the biogas technology has wider potential in the agricultural field, at present when low-carbon economy goes on the way, energy with low carbon, low pollution, low cost and high available value is accepted by more and more people, wherein the energy of the biogas is in a rapid development state, the biogas is a mixed gas composed of a plurality of gases and contains methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and the like, the most methane accounts for fifty to seventy percent, the carbon dioxide is less, the rest gases are few, the biogas is mainly combusted by the methane, the methane gas is colorless, tasteless and nontoxic, and is mixed with a certain amount of air, the biogas can be burnt by ignition to emit blue flame and a large amount of heat, more and more people accept the use of a biogas tank for collecting the biogas due to the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection, and the tank body of the biogas tank can be processed into various shapes and various specifications (4-30 cubic meters) according to requirements, so that the biogas tank is suitable for various occasions. The daily gas production is more than 2-10 cubic meters, and the maintenance management, the gas storage device and other heating equipment are not needed. The fermentation technology can largely use straws (wheat straws, corn straws, rice straws, weeds, leaves, household garbage and other easily-cooked substances) and excrement. The design of the flange cover opening is simple. The dry fermentation technology is used for more than half a year in a full-sealed mode after being charged once, and the discharged biogas residues are 'green biological fertilizer' for producing green food. The heat-preservation methane tank body is made of a plurality of materials which have lower price and longer service life and meet the national standard. After being matched for use, the performance can exceed the national standard, and the material belongs to a novel composite coagulation hydraulic material. The problems of non-waterproof magnesite, non-frost-resistant plastic concrete, long production cycle and the like and the problems of long service life are fundamentally solved. The actual service life of the heat-preservation methane tank exceeds more than 15 years required by China, the traditional small household methane tank cannot be supplied to a peak for household use due to insufficient methane amount, particularly, the supply amount of methane is insufficient in the process of cooking by using the methane, so that the fire is unstable easily during cooking, great troubles are brought to people, and the requirements of people cannot be met when people fire due to insufficient methane supply in the process of cooking by people.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a small household biogas generating tank and a biogas generating method so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a small household methane generating tank, which comprises a tank body, a methane generating bin, a gas collecting bin and a control device, wherein the inner cavity of the tank body is divided into the methane generating bin for generating methane and the gas collecting bin for pressurizing the methane, the control device is arranged above the right side of the outer wall of the tank body, a feed pipe which penetrates through the tank body and extends into the methane generating bin is arranged on the outer tank wall on the left side of the methane generating bin, a discharge pipe which penetrates through the tank body is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the methane generating bin, a water outlet is arranged on the middle wall surface on the left side of the methane generating bin, the water outlet is communicated with a filter screen, the water outlet is communicated with a water pump outside the methane generating bin through a pipeline, a stirring device is horizontally arranged on the tank wall in the middle of the inner, one end of the stirring shaft is externally connected with a motor, an electric heating pipe is annularly arranged on the tank wall below the stirring device, the electric heating pipe is externally connected with an electric heating device, and the electric heating device and the stirring device are electrically connected with a control device; the left side of the inner cavity of the gas collection bin is provided with a pressurization bin, the upper wall surface of the pressurization bin is communicated with a gas pipe, the inner cavity of the gas pipe is connected with a regulating valve, the right side of the gas collection bin is provided with a pressurization device, the pressurization device comprises a compressor body and a motor, the motor is connected with the compressor body through a belt, a gas inlet arranged on the compressor body is communicated with the inner cavity of the biogas generation bin through a pipeline, a gas outlet arranged on the compressor body is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressurization bin through a pipeline, the biogas generation bin, the pressurization device and the pressurization bin are of a ventilation structure, and; the upper part of the right tank wall of the inner cavity of the methane generating bin is sequentially provided with a gas concentration sensor and an air pressure sensor, and the gas concentration sensor and the air pressure sensor are electrically connected with an alarm device on the control device.

As a further description of the biogas generating tank of the present invention, preferably, the compressor body is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air filter.

As a further description of the biogas generating tank of the present invention, it is preferable that a condenser is disposed on the top wall of the inner cavity of the pressurizing bin, and the condenser is electrically connected to the control device.

As a further description of the biogas generating tank of the present invention, it is preferable that the control device is provided with a display device, and the display device is electrically connected to the control device.

As a further description of the biogas generating tank of the present invention, preferably, a timing device and a water level sensor are installed on the upper portion of the inner wall of the right side of the inner cavity of the biogas generating chamber, and the timing device and the water level sensor are electrically connected to the control device.

As a further description of the biogas generating tank of the present invention, preferably, the outer wall of the tank body is surrounded by an insulating layer.

In order to achieve another object of the present invention, there is provided a biogas generating method using the small-sized domestic biogas generating tank, the biogas generating method comprising the steps of: 1) crushing waste materials for generating biogas, putting the crushed waste materials into a biogas generation bin from a feeding pipe, injecting water capable of fully soaking the waste materials, starting an electric heating device through a control device to heat an electric heating pipe, and keeping the temperature in the biogas generation bin at 55-60 ℃ for 1-2 days; 2) controlling a motor to start the stirring device for 2-3 hours by a control device, adding a proper amount of methane bacteria from a feeding pipe while stirring, so that the methane bacteria are uniformly dispersed in the waste material and carry out methane generation reaction; 3) starting an electric heating device to heat an electric heating pipe through a control device, keeping the temperature in the biogas generation bin to be controlled at 37-42 ℃, keeping the duration of 2-3 days, and stirring waste residues in the biogas generation tank for 30min every 2 hours by a stirring device according to the setting of a timing device; 4) the gas concentration sensor and the air pressure sensor sense the concentration value and the air pressure value of the gas generated in the methane generating bin and transmit the concentration value and the air pressure value to the control device; 5) the control device starts the pressurizing device, the condenser and the regulating valve, and after gas generated by the methane generating bin enters the pressurizing device from the gas inlet to be pressurized, the gas enters the pressurizing bin from the gas outlet to be refrigerated through the condenser and then is sent out from the gas conveying pipe.

As a further description of the biogas generation method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the control device controls the water pump to pump the fermentation broth out of the biogas generation chamber when the fermentation broth generated by the reaction in the biogas generation chamber reaches the height of the water level sensor in step 4) and step 5).

As a further description of the biogas generation method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the alarm device on the control device alarms after the gas concentration sensor and the gas pressure sensor sense the gas concentration value and the gas pressure value generated in the biogas generation chamber exceeding the limit values in step 4).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the methane generator adopts a structure of a pressurizing bin and a pressurizing device to pressurize the methane generated in the methane generating bin, when the biogas is used, the pressurized biogas fully meets the output of people to the biogas, avoids the condition that the fire is unstable or can not be adjusted in the cooking process of people due to insufficient output of the biogas, fully meets the requirements of people, adopts the structure of the stirring device and the timing device to stir the waste residue in the methane generating tank in fixed time, increases the generating amount of methane, and the stirring device adopts a structure of a crushing knife to crush the straws put into the waste materials, so that the methane is generated more fully, the waste materials after reaction are discharged, the fermentation liquor and the fermentation waste residues are discharged in a split mode, the residue-liquid separation of the fermentation raw materials is achieved, the fermentation liquor is further utilized, and the use efficiency of the raw materials is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biogas generating tank of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressurizing device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 tank body, 101 heat preservation layer, 2 marsh gas generating cabin, 21 feeding pipe, 22 discharging pipe, 23 electric heating pipe, 24 electric heater, 25 gas concentration sensor, 26 air pressure sensor, 27 timing device, 28 water level sensor, 3 stirring device, 31 crushing knife, 32 stirring shaft, 33 motor, 4 gas collecting cabin, 5 pressurizing cabin, 51 condenser, 6 gas conveying pipe, 7 adjusting valve, 8 pressurizing device, 81 compressor body, 82 motor, 83 gas inlet, 84 gas outlet, 85 air filter, 9 water outlet, 91 filter screen, 92 water pump, 10 control device, 11 alarm device, 12 display device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the examiner understand the structure, characteristics and other objects of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying preferred embodiments, which are provided for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biogas generating tank according to the present invention; the biogas generating tank comprises a tank body 1, a biogas generating bin 2, a gas collecting bin 4 and a control device 10, wherein the outer wall of the tank body 1 is annularly wrapped with a heat insulating layer 101, the inner cavity of the tank body 1 is divided into the biogas generating bin 2 for generating biogas and the gas collecting bin 4 for pressurizing the biogas, the control device 10 is arranged above the right side of the outer wall of the tank body 1, wherein a feeding pipe 21 penetrating through the tank body 1 and extending to the inside of the biogas generating bin 2 is arranged on the outer tank wall on the left side of the biogas generating bin 2, a discharging pipe 22 penetrating through the tank body 1 is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the biogas generating bin 2, a water outlet 9 is arranged on the middle wall surface on the left side of the biogas generating bin 2, the water outlet 9 is communicated with a filter screen 91, the water outlet 9 is communicated with a water pump 92 outside the biogas generating bin 2, the slag-liquid separation can be realized when the biogas generating tank discharges materials, the fermentation raw materials in the tank are kept standing and settling after the biogas generating tank stops fermenting, then the fermentation liquid is pumped out through the water pump 92 and the water outlet 9 positioned in the middle of the tank body, the fermentation liquid can be continuously utilized, and the fermentation raw material slag is discharged from the discharging pipe 22 at the bottom of the tank body, so that the slag-liquid separation is realized, the utilization rate of the raw materials is improved, and the effective treatment of waste materials is realized.

The stirring device 3 is horizontally arranged on the tank wall in the middle of the inner cavity of the methane generating bin 2, the stirring device 3 comprises a stirring shaft 32 and a motor 33, crushing knives 31 are uniformly arranged on the shaft surface of the stirring shaft 32, straws put into waste materials are crushed by adopting a crushing knife structure, the methane is generated more sufficiently, the waste materials after reaction are discharged conveniently, one end of the stirring shaft 32 is externally connected with the motor 33, an electric heating pipe 23 is annularly arranged on the tank wall below the stirring device 3, the electric heating pipe 23 is externally connected with an electric heating device 24, the electric heating device 24 and the stirring device 3 are electrically connected with a control device 10, waste residues in the methane generating tank are stirred by adopting the stirring device 3, the waste materials in the methane generating bin 2 are fully reacted, the methane generating amount is increased, the electric heating pipe 23 is arranged, the temperature in the methane generating bin 2 is increased, and the reaction generated by the methane is accelerated by 20-, and the stirring device adopts the structure of the crushing knife 31 to crush the straws put into the waste, so that the methane is generated more sufficiently, and the waste after reaction is discharged.

The left side of the inner cavity of the gas collecting bin 4 is provided with a pressurizing bin 5, the upper wall surface of the pressurizing bin 5 is communicated with a gas pipe 6, the inner cavity of the gas pipe 6 is connected with a regulating valve 7, the right side of the gas collecting bin 4 is provided with a pressurizing device 8, preferably, the top wall of the inner cavity of the pressurizing bin 5 is provided with a condenser 51, the condenser 51 is electrically connected with a control device 10, and the compressed methane of the condenser 51 is refrigerated, so that the compressed methane is more stable, accidents can not occur.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pressurizing device according to the present invention; the pressurizing device 8 comprises a compressor body 81 and a motor 82, the motor 82 is connected with the compressor body 81 through a belt, an air inlet 83 arranged on the compressor body 81 is communicated with the inner cavity of the marsh gas generating bin 2 through a pipeline, an air outlet 84 arranged on the compressor body 81 is communicated with the inner cavity of the pressurizing bin 5 through a pipeline, the marsh gas generating bin 2, the pressurizing device 8 and the pressurizing bin 5 are in ventilation structures, and the pressurizing device 8 is electrically connected with the control device 10; preferably, the air inlet of the compressor body 81 is communicated with the air filter 85, the filter filters the generated biogas, the service life of the pressurizing device is prolonged, the garbage generated after the biogas is combusted is reduced, and the living environment of people is guaranteed.

The upper part of the right tank wall of the inner cavity of the marsh gas generation bin 2 is sequentially provided with a gas concentration sensor 25 and a gas pressure sensor 26, the gas concentration sensor 25 and the gas pressure sensor 26 are electrically connected with the alarm device 11 on the control device 10, and the gas pressure in the marsh gas generation bin 2 and the concentration of the generated marsh gas are monitored in real time, so that the using amount requirements of people can be fully met, the safety of reaction is guaranteed, the danger in the marsh gas generation process can be found in time, and measures are taken in advance.

The control device 10 is provided with a display device 12, the display device 12 is electrically connected with the control device 10, the display device 12 can enable people to accurately master the air pressure in the methane generating tank and control the stirring time, the upper part of the inner wall of the right side of the inner cavity of the methane generating bin 2 is provided with a timing device 27 and a water level sensor 28, the timing device 27 and the water level sensor 28 are both electrically connected with the control device 10, the motor 33 starts to work at fixed intervals by using the timing device 27, so as to drive the stirring shaft 32 to stir waste residues in the tank body 1, the methane generation amount is increased, the fermentation liquor generated after the methane reaction is timely discharged by using the water level sensor 28, the liquid level of the fermentation liquor reaches the position of the water level sensor 28, the water level sensor 28 sends a liquid level signal to the control device 10, the control device 10 controls the water pump 92 to pump out the fermentation liquor from, the residue-liquid separation of the fermentation raw materials is realized, the fermentation liquor is further utilized, and the use efficiency of the raw materials is improved.

The invention also provides a marsh gas generation method by utilizing the small household marsh gas generation tank, which comprises the following steps: 1) crushing waste materials for generating biogas, then putting the crushed waste materials into a biogas generation bin 2 from a feeding pipe 21, injecting water capable of fully soaking the waste materials, starting an electric heating device 24 through a control device 10 to heat an electric heating pipe 23, keeping the temperature in the biogas generation bin 2 at 55-60 ℃, and keeping the duration for 1-2 days, so that the waste materials are softened and fermented, and the temperature in the biogas generation bin 2 is increased because the waste materials are just fermented and a large amount of biogas cannot be generated; 2) controlling a motor 33 to start a stirring device 3 to stir for 2-3 hours through a control device 10, adding a proper amount of methane bacteria from a feeding pipe 21 while stirring, adding methane bacteria to accelerate the reaction speed, adding methane bacteria while stirring, uniformly dispersing the methane bacteria in the waste, ensuring that the waste is fully utilized and is in contact with the methane bacteria, and carrying out a methane generation reaction; 3) the electric heating device 24 is started through the control device 10 to heat the electric heating pipe 23, the temperature in the methane generating bin 2 is kept at 37-42 ℃, the methane bacteria are added for catalytic reaction, so that the temperature in the methane generating bin 2 is ensured to be safely carried out on the basis of the original temperature, the duration is 2-3 days, and the stirring device 3 is controlled to stir the waste residues in the methane generating bin for 30min every 2 hours according to the setting of the timing device 27; 4) the gas concentration sensor 25 and the air pressure sensor 26 sense the concentration value and the air pressure value of the gas generated in the biogas generation bin 2 in the waste fermentation reaction process, and transmit the concentration value and the air pressure value to the control device 10 in real time, and when the gas concentration reaches a certain value, the biogas can be discharged; 5) the control device 10 starts the pressurizing device 8, the condenser 51 and the regulating valve 7, gas generated in the marsh gas generating bin 2 enters the pressurizing device 8 from the gas inlet 83 for pressurizing, enters the pressurizing bin 5 from the gas outlet 84 for refrigerating through the condenser 51, and is then sent out from the gas conveying pipe 6, wherein when fermentation liquor generated by reaction in the marsh gas generating bin 2 reaches the height of the water level sensor 28, the control device 10 controls the water pump 92 to pump out the fermentation liquor from the marsh gas generating bin 2, and fermentation residues left after reaction are regularly cleaned and discharged outside through the discharge pipe 22, and in addition, after a gas concentration value and a gas pressure value generated in the marsh gas generating bin are sensed by the gas concentration sensor and the gas pressure sensor to exceed a limit value, an alarm device on the control device gives an alarm.

It should be noted that the above summary and the detailed description are intended to demonstrate the practical application of the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Various modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the invention. The scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a small-size domestic marsh gas generating tank, marsh gas generating tank takes place storehouse (2), gas collection storehouse (4), controlling means (10) including jar body (1), marsh gas, and the inner chamber of jar body (1) is separated for the marsh gas that is used for producing marsh gas takes place storehouse (2) and is used for to marsh gas pressor gas collection storehouse (4), and controlling means (10) set up in the outer wall right side top of jar body (1), its characterized in that:

the outer tank wall on the left side of the methane generation bin (2) is provided with a feeding pipe (21) which penetrates through the tank body (1) and extends to the inner part of the methane generation bin (2), the lower end on the right side of the methane generation bin (2) is provided with a discharging pipe (22) which penetrates through the tank body (1), the middle wall surface on the left side of the methane generation bin (2) is provided with a water outlet (9), the water outlet (9) is communicated with a filter screen (91), the water outlet (9) is communicated with a water pump (92) outside the methane generation bin (2) through a pipeline, the water pump (92) is electrically connected with a control device (10), a stirring device (3) is horizontally arranged on the tank wall in the middle of the inner cavity of the methane generation bin (2), the stirring device (3) comprises a stirring shaft (32) and a motor (33), the crushing cutter (31) is uniformly arranged on the shaft surface of the stirring shaft (32), the electric heating pipe (23) is externally connected with an electric heating device (24), and the electric heating device (24) and the stirring device (3) are electrically connected with the control device (10);

the left side of the inner cavity of the gas collection bin (4) is provided with a pressurization bin (5), the upper wall surface of the pressurization bin (5) is communicated with a gas conveying pipe (6), the top wall of the inner cavity of the pressurization bin (5) is provided with a condenser (51), the condenser (51) is electrically connected with a control device (10), the condenser (51) refrigerates compressed methane, so that the compressed methane is more stable, the inner cavity of the gas conveying pipe (6) is connected with an adjusting valve (7), the right side of the gas collection bin (4) is provided with a pressurization device (8), the pressurization device (8) comprises a compressor body (81) and a motor (82), the motor (82) is connected with the compressor body (81) through a belt, an air inlet arranged on the compressor body (81) is communicated with an air filter (85), an air inlet (83) arranged on the compressor body (81) is communicated with the inner cavity of the methane generation bin (2) through a pipeline, an air outlet (84) arranged on the, the biogas generating bin (2), the pressurizing device (8) and the pressurizing bin (5) are of ventilating structures, and the pressurizing device (8) is electrically connected with the control device (10);

a gas concentration sensor (25) and a gas pressure sensor (26) are sequentially arranged on the upper part of the right tank wall of the inner cavity of the biogas generating bin (2), and the gas concentration sensor (25) and the gas pressure sensor (26) are electrically connected with an alarm device (11) on the control device (10);

a timing device (27) and a water level sensor (28) are installed on the upper portion of the inner wall of the right side of an inner cavity of the biogas generation bin (2), the timing device (27) and the water level sensor (28) are both electrically connected with the control device (10), the water level sensor (28) sends a liquid level signal to the control device (10), and the control device (10) controls the water pump (92) to pump out fermentation liquid from the biogas generation bin (2).

2. A small household biogas generating tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control device (10) is provided with a display device (12), and the display device (12) is electrically connected with the control device (10).

3. A small household biogas generating tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the tank body (1) is annularly wrapped with a heat-insulating layer (101).

4. A biogas production method using a small household biogas generating tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the biogas generation method comprises the following steps:

1) crushing waste materials for generating biogas, putting the crushed waste materials into a biogas generation bin (2) from a feeding pipe (21), injecting water capable of fully soaking the waste materials, starting an electric heating device (24) through a control device (10) to heat an electric heating pipe (23), and keeping the temperature in the biogas generation bin (2) at 55-60 ℃ for 1-2 days;

2) the motor (33) is controlled by the control device (10) to start the stirring device (3) for 2-3 hours, and a proper amount of methane bacteria are added from the feeding pipe (21) while stirring, so that the methane bacteria are uniformly dispersed in the waste materials and carry out methane generation reaction;

3) the electric heating device (24) is started by the control device (10) to heat the electric heating pipe (23), the temperature in the biogas generation bin (2) is kept at 37-42 ℃, the duration time is 2-3 days, and the stirring device (3) stirs the waste residues in the biogas generation tank for 30min every 2 hours according to the setting of the timing device (27);

4) a gas concentration sensor (25) and a gas pressure sensor (26) sense the concentration value and the gas pressure value of the gas generated in the biogas generating bin (2) and transmit the values to the control device (10);

5) the control device (10) starts the pressurizing device (8), the condenser (51) and the regulating valve (7), and gas generated by the biogas generating bin (2) enters the pressurizing device (8) from the gas inlet (83) to be pressurized, enters the pressurizing bin (5) from the gas outlet (84), is refrigerated through the condenser (51), and is sent out from the gas conveying pipe (6).

5. Biogas production method according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step 4) and the step 5), when fermentation liquor generated by reaction in the biogas generation bin (2) reaches the height of the water level sensor (28), the control device (10) controls the water pump (92) to pump out the fermentation liquor from the biogas generation bin (2).

6. Biogas production method according to claim 4, characterized in that: and (3) after the gas concentration sensor (25) and the air pressure sensor (26) sense that the gas concentration value and the air pressure value generated in the methane generating bin (2) exceed the limit values in the step 4), the alarm device (11) on the control device (10) gives an alarm.