CN107085309A - The method that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet - Google Patents
The method that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet Download PDFInfo
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet, the high power line polarised light of arbitrary polarized direction is incident, the polarization direction of linearly polarized light is can adjust by rotating the wave plate of λ/2, pass through horizontal analyzer again, horizontal linear polarization light can be become, realize that light beam amplifies after lens group again, horizontal linear polarization light beam passes sequentially through the wave plate of very the first λ/4, the wave plate of helicon sheet and the 2nd λ/4, produce post vector light beam, realize that space phase is compensated after spiral phase plate, produce synchronous post vector polarised light.Zooming in or out for light beam is realized according to actual needs finally by light beam scaling device.The present invention realizes polarization beat length using wave plate and the combination of helicon sheet, with high damage threshold, high power post vector polarised light can be achieved, multiple types light beam just can be produced by simple rotation wave plate, and simple in construction, easy operation control, and stability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spatial polarization beam shaping technical field, and in particular to one kind is produced many based on a helicon sheet
High power line light beam is converted into high power post vector polarised light by the method for planting high power post vector light beam, this method
Beam, such as：Radial polarisation light, angularly polarized light, post vector light beam, high-order post vector light beam and the vortex of phase variable
Light beam etc..
Background technology
Post vector polarised light is a kind of special vector polarised light, its spatial polarization state skewness, but on optical axis
With certain symmetrical or similitude.Cylindrical polarized beam belongs to one kind of post vector polarised light, including radial polarisation light, it is angular to
Polarised light etc., because its polarization and phase are axisymmetricly distributed on beam cross-section and with unique optical characteristics and answer
With.In addition, the column symmetry light beam of phase-adjustable such as radial polarisation vortex beams, with column symmetry or similar high-order radial polarisation
Light etc., because of its special spatial polarization and phase distribution, also there is many special optical characteristics and application.Vortex beams are that have
The each photon carried in the light beam of scroll phase distribution, its expression formula in phase factor exp (il θ), light beam is carried's
Orbital angular momentum, wherein l are referred to as topological charge, with it is hollow the characteristics of, it is micro- in optics due to its special space phase distribution
The field such as manipulation, biomedicine, information transfer plays a significant role.By taking radial polarisation light as an example.Radial polarisation light has perfection
Axial symmetry distribution, have dramatically different characteristic compared with linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light.For example radial polarisation light has edge
The symmetrical Electric Field Distribution of optical axis and hollow circular ring type beam arrangement；Radial polarisation light and angularly polarized light are all that polarization is intrinsic
State, when being propagated in the tangential crystal of C, will not occur crosstalk；Radial polarisation light can produce super when high numerical aperture lens are focused on
The more minimum focus of diffraction limit, the focus point than linearly polarized light and circularly polarized light is much smaller, and the longitudinal direction electricity of focus area
Field becomes very strong.So that it is in traction, capture and accelerates metallic, metal is cut, optical storage density and raising is improved
There is advantage in terms of longitudinal frame.
Post vector polarised light and vortex beams have unique optical characteristics, and application potential is huge.It is inclined because producing post vector
Shake light and vortex beams it is more difficult, domestic at present to use theoretical analysis method research mostly, development experimental study is also few, causes light
Characteristic research is learned not enough, using limited.
Foreign countries, the production method research of radial polarisation light is relatively more, is broadly divided into two classes：I.e. intracavitary method (active) and
External reforming method (the outer method of chamber, passive type).Intracavitary method refers to directly produce radial polarisation light in laser, it is necessary to laser
Structure adjust accordingly, be related to gain media, core concept is radial polarisation light and other polarised lights in control oscillator
Loss so that the loss of other polarization states is larger, it is impossible to vibration is realized, so that only radial polarisation light output.Current intracavitary method
Produce radial polarisation light substantially promising following several：Radial polarisation light is produced using crystal axis birefringence, utilize crystal dichroic
Property produce radial polarisation light, utilize crystal Brewster angle characteristic produce radial polarisation light and using interferometric method produce radial polarisation
Light.But it is not necessarily all feasible to place special device in intracavitary, because it is one to carry out improvement and design to existing laser
Sufficiently complex technology, and its limited space.
External reforming method refers to outside laser, the method synthesized again by certain phase element or using decomposition,
The polarised light of space uniform is converted into radial polarisation light, due to without needing to transform laser, thus with very big
Design flexibility, but utilization ratio is more relatively low.Conventional External reforming method has：Radial polarisation is produced with cross polarization modus operandi
Light, produced with piecemeal wave plate or gyrotropi crystal approximate radial polarisation light, utilization space optical modulator produce radial polarisation light with
Radial polarisation light etc. is produced using optical fiber.
Although cross polarization modus operandi can produce the higher radial polarisation light of purity, its to test light path stability
Require higher with precision controlling, operational control is complicated；The post vector polarised light species that conventional piecemeal wave plate or gyrotropi crystal are produced
Single, purity is relatively low, and application effect is limited；The radial polarisation light energy that utilization space optical modulator or optical fiber are produced compared with
It is small, using limited.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：The deficiencies in the prior art are overcome to utilize a helicon sheet there is provided one kind
High power post vector light beam is produced, and a spiral phase plate can be used to space phase compensation, by simply rotating two
The wave plate of block λ/4 just can produce a variety of post vector light beams, good with simple in construction, easy operation control, practicality, can obtain many
The features such as planting high-purity light beam.
The technology of the present invention solution：The side of a variety of high power post vector light beams is produced based on a helicon sheet
Method, comprises the following steps：
S1:Incident beam is set, and incident beam is linearly polarized light, and polarization direction can be any；
S2:Set and the regulation wave plate of λ/2, make light beam optical axis cross the wave plate center of λ/2 and and normal parallel, the wave plate energy of λ/2
Enough change and main shaft is adjustable along optical axis rotation；
S3:Horizontal analyzer is set, can be polarizer or devating prism, make the excessively horizontal analyzer center of beam optical axis and with
Normal parallel, its polarization transmission direction is horizontal direction, has High Extinction Ratio to a certain wave band light beam；
S4:Lens group is set, realizes that light beam amplifies, and multiplication factor is relevant with wave plate size；
S5:/ 4 wave plates are set and two pieces of λ of regulation, beam optical axis is crossed the wave plate center of λ/4 and normal parallel, the wave plate energy of λ/4
Enough change and main shaft is adjustable along optical axis rotation；
S6:Helicon sheet is set, is placed between the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, monoblock helicon sheet has same fast axle, and soon
Direction of principal axis along X-direction, helicon piece plate thickness clockwise with anglec of rotation gradual change, beam optical axis Guo Qi centers and with substrate method
Line is parallel；
S7:Spiral phase plate is set, with isotropism, helical phase delay, the hand of spiral and helicon sheet is produced
On the contrary, i.e. rotate counterclockwise, beam optical axis Guo Qi centers and parallel with substrate normal；
S8:Light beam is zoomed in or out as desired by light beam scaling device；
S9:Horizontal linear polarization light, with realizing the rotation of spatial polarization state after helicon sheet, then is led to by the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4
Cross after spiral phase plate and realize the modulation of space phase, both have been implemented in combination with the synchronization of spatial beam phase and spatial polarization state
Regulation, has taken into account space phase and polarization state, when the wave plate of two pieces of λ of rotation/4, just can produce different types of post vector polarization
Light, when the wave plate fast axle of two pieces of λ/4 is in horizontal or vertical direction, can also produce vortex beams.
Wherein, in the step S1, incident beam is set to use high power laser sources, through polarizer or polarization spectro rib
Linearly polarized light beam is obtained after mirror, spectrum width is less than ± 3nm, also can directly use linear polarization light source.
Wherein, in the step S2 and S3, the wave plate of λ/2 can be changed and rotated, and with the central wavelength lambda phase one of light source
Cause, to improve the scope of application, the polarization direction of incident light is can adjust by rotating the wave plate of λ/2；Horizontal analyzer ensures emergent light
Beam is horizontal linear polarization light, the wave plate combined of horizontal analyzer and λ/2, and the regulation of light beam light intensity can be realized by rotating the wave plate of λ/2.
Wherein, in the step S5 and S9, the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 can be changed and rotated, and with the central wavelength lambda phase of light source
Unanimously, the fast axle of the wave plate of the λ of initial setting up the first/4 is into -45 ° with X-axis (i.e. along light path perpendicular to the horizontal right direction of optical axis)
135 ° of angles, fast axle and the X-axis angle at 45 ° of the wave plate of the 2nd λ/4 can change fast axle by rotating the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 as needed
Direction, and then produce different post vector polarised lights, such as two blocks of λ/90 ° of 4 wave plates are rotated respectively, just can produce 4 kinds of differences
Post vector polarised light, when rotating the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 and making fast axle in horizontal or vertical direction, vortex beams can be produced.
Wherein, in the step S6, in X direction, helicon sheet thickness h is clockwise with rotation for the fast axle of helicon sheet
Angle, θ gradual changeWherein substrate thickness h0=m λ, m are integer, and X-axis forward direction θ=0, λ is lambda1-wavelength,
ne, noFor two principal refractive indexs of wave plate crystal, beam optical axis is perpendicular to helicon sheet substrate Bing Guoqi centers.Due to continuous
It is more difficult that spiral gradient wave plate makes, and can be replaced with piecemeal gradual change sectorial wave sheet, it is assumed that the shared fan-shaped wave plate of N blocks constitutes one
Justify, then kth block wave plate thickness
Wherein, in the step S7, the phase-delay quantity of spiral phase plateRelation with anglec of rotation θ isThat is phase rotate counterclockwise, θ=0 when X-axis is positive can be real by plating certain each property same sex medium of different-thickness
It is existing, such as SiN, H-K9L, fused quartz JGS1 media, it is assumed that the medium refraction index is n, air refraction is set to 1, then plates thickness
The change that degree yields and comply pointer angle, θ is turned tol0For substrate thickness, it can also pass through the works such as reverse mould cutting polishing
Skill is directly made, and beam optical axis is perpendicular to spiral phase plate substrate Bing Guoqi centers.When with piecemeal gradual change sectorial wave sheet
When, the fan-shaped phase-plate of its corresponding piecemeal gradual change also has N blocks, the thickness of coating of kth block
Wherein, in described step S2, S5, S6 and S7, the wave plate of the wave plate of λ/2, two pieces of λ/4, helicon sheet, helical phase
Plate, can bear high power laser light, and can be according to lambda1-wavelength change parameter.
The principle of the present invention is that a helicon sheet is placed between the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, and linearly polarized light polarization can be achieved
The rotation in direction.The wave plate quick shaft direction of first λ/4 is with x-axis into 135 ° (- 45 °), and the fast axle of helicon sheet is parallel with x-axis, spiral shell
Wave plate plate thickness h is revolved clockwise with anglec of rotation θ gradual changesThe wave plate quick shaft direction of 2nd λ/4 and x-axis into
45°.The Jones matrix of the wave plate of first and second λ/4 is J1And J2, helicon sheet can produce a θ of spatial phase delay 2, its
Jones matrix is J0, it is expressed as respectively：Wherein, i is multiple
Number.Therefore the Jones matrix of the system can be expressed as：
Jones matrix J12The input light that can turn clockwise θ angle, but along with the overall phase-delay quantity of a wavefront
θ.Therefore, system can carry out space phase compensation, the phase-delay quantity of the spiral phase plate to it by a spiral phase plate
Relation with anglec of rotation θ isθ=0, i.e. rotate counterclockwise when X-axis is positive, can by plate different-thickness certain
Kind each property same sex media implementation, if the medium refraction index is n, it is assumed that air refraction is 1, then thickness of coating with angle change
For
After two blocks of λ/90 ° of 4 wave plates are rotated simultaneously, the Jones matrix of the system can be expressed as：
Jones matrix J21Can be with rotate counterclockwise input light θ angle, but along with the overall phase-delay quantity of wavefront
θ, again may be by spiral phase plate and carries out space phase compensation to it.
When rotation the 2nd λ/90 ° of 4 wave plate, the first λ/4 wave plate holdings are constant, then the Jones matrix of the system can be expressed as：
Jones matrix J11Input light can be made first to do symmetrical rotary on y=x axles, then rotate counterclockwise θ angle again,
But along with the overall phase-delay quantity θ+pi/2 of a wavefront, space phase compensation can be carried out to it by spiral phase plate.
When rotation the first λ/90 ° of 4 wave plate, the 2nd λ/4 wave plate holdings are constant, then the Jones matrix of the system can be expressed as：
Jones matrix J22Input light can be made first to do symmetrical rotary on y=x axles, the angle for the θ that then turns clockwise again,
But along with the overall phase-delay quantity θ-pi/2 of a wavefront, space phase compensation can be carried out to it by spiral phase plate.
After two pieces of λ/4 other different angles of wave plate are rotated, the system can produce other post vector polarised lights, when rotation two
The wave plate of block λ/4 makes fast axle in horizontal or vertical direction, or directly removes the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, and the system can also produce vortex beams.
By changing wave plate, helicon sheet and spiral phase plate, control to multiband light beam can be achieved, and from new
Helicon sheet and spiral phase plate are designed, high-order post vector polarised light can be also produced, such as when helicon piece plate thickness is metAnd spiral phase plate is metWhen, second order post vector polarised light can be produced,
In addition, the starting point of helicon sheet thickness change is different, the polarization direction of the post vector polarised light of generation is also different, such as works as spiral
Wave plate plate thickness is metWhen, the polarization direction of post vector polarised light can integral-rotation θ0Angle.
The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is：
(1) high power-beam can be produced using helicon sheet and spiral phase plate, and performance is stable.
(2) by simply rotating the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, a variety of post vector polarised lights, including vortex beams just can be produced, are tied
Structure is simple, and easy operation control, feature is strong.
(3) by changing wave plate, helicon sheet and spiral phase plate, the control to multiband light beam can be achieved, and
From new design helicon sheet and spiral phase plate, high-order post vector polarised light can be also produced.
Brief description of the drawings
The light that Fig. 1 is utilized for the present invention based on the method that a helicon sheet produces a variety of high power post vector light beams
In beam generation system light path principle schematic diagram, figure, 1 is superpower laser, and 2 be the wave plate of λ/2, and 3 be horizontal analyzer, and 4 be the
One lens, 5 be the second lens, and 6 be the wave plate of the first λ/4, and 7 be helicon sheet, and 8 be the wave plate of the 2nd λ/4, and 9 be spiral phase plate,
10 be light beam scaling device, and 11 be post vector polarised light；
Fig. 2 is helicon sheet and spiral phase plate schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is polarization direction Principle of Rotating schematic diagram, is made up of the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 and helicon sheet；
Fig. 4 is to rotate some the post vector light beam schematic diagrames produced after two blocks of λ/90 ° of 4 wave plates；
Some post vector light beams that Fig. 5 produces for present invention experiment.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is provided with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, light beam producing system includes superpower laser 1, the wave plate 2 of λ/2, horizontal analyzer 3, lens group
The wave plate 8 of the wave plate 6 of (including the first lens 4 and second lens 5), the first λ/4, helicon sheet 7, the 2nd λ/4, spiral phase plate 9
And light beam scaling device 10.Actual situation line represents the left-right parts of light beam in Fig. 1, embodies the change of spatial beam.Random polarization
The linearly polarized light in direction is incident, adjusts the polarization direction of linearly polarized light by the wave plate 2 of λ/2 first, then true by horizontal analyzer 3
Protect and obtain horizontal linear polarization light beam, the wave plate 2 of λ/2 is combined also adjustment beam intensity with horizontal analyzer 3.Then after lens group
Realize that light beam amplifies, horizontal linear polarization light beam passes sequentially through the wave plate 8 of the wave plate 6 of the first λ/4, the λ of helicon sheet 7 and the 2nd/4, real
Now to the control of spatial beam polarization state, then after spiral phase plate 9 carry out spatial phase modulation realize space phase compensate, most
The post vector light beam 11 for being adapted to demand by being produced after light beam scaling device 10.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, it is that the inventive method is implemented as follows：
Step 101 sets incident beam.Incident beam is linearly polarized light, can be obtained by linear polarization light source, or non-polarized light
Source is obtained after polarizer or devating prism, and polarization direction can be any direction, and horizontal linear polarization light, spectrum width are selected in experiment
Less than ± 3nm preferably (such as high power femtosecond pulse)；
Step 102 sets the wave plate 2 of λ/2.Beam orthogonal is by λ/center of 2 wave plate 2, and λ/main shaft of 2 wave plate 2 can along optical axis rotation
Adjust, orientations of major and the anglec of rotation can be read, when optical source wavelength changes, wave plate is changed therewith；
Step 103 sets horizontal analyzer 3.Beam orthogonal is by the horizontal center of analyzer 3, and its transmission direction is level side
To；
Step 104 sets lens group.Beam expander is constituted by two different lens of focal length, the focal length of the first lens 4 is small,
The focal length of second lens 5 is big, realizes that light beam amplifies, multiplication factor is relevant with wave plate size；
Step 105 sets the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, beam optical axis is crossed the wave plate center of λ/4 and normal parallel, the wave plate main shaft of λ/4
Rotated along optical axis adjustable, orientations of major and the anglec of rotation can be read, when optical source wavelength changes, the wave plate of λ/4 is changed therewith；Initially
Set the fast axle of the wave plate 6 of the first λ/4 with X-axis (i.e. along light path perpendicular to the horizontal right direction of optical axis) into -45 ° i.e. 135 ° angle,
The fast axle of the wave plate 8 of 2nd λ/4 and X-axis angle at 45 °, can change quick shaft direction, and then produce by rotating wave plate as needed
Different post vector polarised lights, such as rotate two blocks of λ/90 ° of 4 wave plates respectively, just can produce 4 kinds of different post vector polarizations
Light, when rotating the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 and making fast axle in horizontal or vertical direction, or directly removes the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, can produce vortex
Light beam；
Step 106 sets helicon sheet 7, is placed between the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, monoblock helicon sheet 7 has same fast
Axle, and quick shaft direction, along X-direction, the thickness h of helicon sheet 7 is clockwise with anglec of rotation θ gradual changesIts
Middle substrate thickness h0=m λ, m are integer, and X-axis forward direction θ=0, λ is lambda1-wavelength, ne, noFor two main refractions of wave plate crystal
Rate, beam optical axis is perpendicular to the substrate Bing Guoqi centers of helicon sheet 7；, can because continuous helical gradual change wave plate plate makes more difficult
Replaced with piecemeal gradual change sectorial wave sheet, it is assumed that the shared fan-shaped wave plate of N blocks constitutes a circle, then kth block wave plate thickness
Step 107 sets spiral phase plate 9, with isotropism, produces helical phase delay, the hand of spiral and helicon
Sheet 7 is on the contrary, realize space phase compensation, the phase-delay quantity of spiral phase plate 9With anglec of rotation θ (clockwise) relation
ForThat is phase rotate counterclockwise, θ=0 when X-axis is positive can be by plating certain each property same sex medium of different-thickness
Realize, such as SiN, H-K9L, fused quartz JGS1 media, it is assumed that the medium refraction index is n, air refraction is set to 1, then coating
The change that thickness yields and comply pointer angle, θ is turned tol0For substrate thickness, it can also pass through reverse mould cutting polishing etc.
Technique is directly made, beam optical axis Guo Qi centers and parallel with substrate normal；When with piecemeal gradual change sectorial wave sheet, its
The fan-shaped phase-plate of corresponding piecemeal gradual change also has N blocks, the thickness of coating of kth block
Step 108 changes wave plate (wave plate 6 of the wave plate 2 of including λ/2, the first λ/4 and the 2nd λ/4 wave plate 8), helicon sheet 7
With spiral phase plate 9, the control to multiband light beam can be achieved, and from new design helicon sheet 7 and spiral phase plate 9, go back
High-order post vector polarised light can be produced, such as when helicon sheet is metAnd spiral phase plate 9 is metWhen, second order post vector polarised light can be produced；
Step 109 can be zoomed in or out by light beam scaling device 10 to light beam as needed, scaling adjustable magnification.
Fig. 4 is to rotate some the post vector light beam schematic diagrames produced after two blocks of λ/90 ° of 4 wave plates, wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is
The horizontal linear polarization light of input, Fig. 4 (b)-(e) corresponds to Jones matrix J respectively12、J21、J11And J22The 4 kinds of post vectors polarization produced
Light beam, wherein Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 4 (e) are radial polarisation light and angularly polarized light；Some posts arrow that Fig. 5 produces for present invention experiment
Light beam is measured, 4 kinds of post vector light beams that Fig. 5 (a)-(d) produces for experiment, wherein Fig. 5 (a1)-(d1) passes through for each light beam
Optical field distribution after horizontal linear polarization piece, Fig. 5 (a2)-(d2) is optical field distribution of each light beam after 45 ° of linear polarizers, Fig. 5
(a3)-(d3) is optical field distribution of each light beam after vertical linear polarizer, and Fig. 5 (a4)-(d4) is each -45 ° of light beam warp (135 °)
Optical field distribution after polarizer, the direction of arrow is polarizer printing opacity direction.Experimental result is consistent with theoretical analysis result, it was demonstrated that
The correctness and validity of the inventive method.
In a word, the present invention generates high power post vector polarised light based on a helicon sheet, by two pieces of simple rotation
The wave plate of λ/4, can produce a variety of light beams, and system architecture is simple, easy operation control.In addition, by change wave plate, helicon sheet and
Spiral phase plate, it is possible to achieve multi-wavelength modulation and polymorphic type light beam.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Although describing the specific implementation method of the present invention above, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that these
It is merely illustrative of, on the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and realization, numerous variations can be made to these embodiments
Or modification (for example, the selection of helicon sheet and helical phase plate material, the change of helicon piece plate thickness, start position
Change, the change of starting point angle, the change of direction of rotation, selection of horizontal analyzer etc.), therefore, protection scope of the present invention
It is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. the method for a variety of high power post vector light beams is produced based on a helicon sheet, it is characterised in that comprising following
Step：
Step S1:Incident beam is set, it is desirable to which incident beam is linearly polarized light, and polarization direction is any；
Step S2:Set and the regulation wave plate (2) of λ/2, it is desirable to the optical axis of light beam cross wave plate (2) center of λ/2 and and normal parallel, λ/
2 wave plates (2) can be changed and main shaft is adjustable along optical axis rotation；
Step S3:Horizontal analyzer (3) is set, can be polarizer or devating prism, it is desirable to the excessively horizontal analyzer (3) of beam optical axis
Center and and normal parallel, its polarization transmission direction be horizontal direction, there is High Extinction Ratio to a certain wave band light beam；
Step S4:Lens group is set, it is desirable to which light beam amplifies, and multiplication factor is relevant with wave plate size；
Step S5:/ 4 wave plates are set and two pieces of λ of regulation, it is desirable to which beam optical axis crosses the wave plate center of λ/4 and normal parallel, the wave plate of λ/4
It can change and main shaft is adjustable along optical axis rotation；
Step S6:Helicon sheet (7) is set, is placed between the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4, it is desirable to which monoblock helicon sheet (7) has same
One fast axle, and quick shaft direction, along X-direction, helicon sheet (7) thickness is clockwise with anglec of rotation gradual change, and beam optical axis crosses it
Center and parallel with substrate normal；
Step S7:Spiral phase plate (9) is set, it is desirable to isotropism, helical phase delay, the hand of spiral and spiral wave plate is produced
Plate (7) is on the contrary, i.e. rotate counterclockwise, beam optical axis Guo Qi centers and parallel with substrate normal；
Step S8:Light beam is zoomed in or out as desired by light beam scaling device (10)；
Step S9:Horizontal linear polarization light by the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 and the rotation that spatial polarization state is realized after helicon sheet (7),
Again by realizing the modulation of space phase after spiral phase plate (9), both have been implemented in combination with spatial beam phase and spatial polarization
The synchronous adjustment of state, has taken into account space phase and polarization state, when the wave plate of two pieces of λ of rotation/4, just can produce different types of post
Vector polarised light, when the wave plate fast axle of two pieces of λ/4 is in horizontal or vertical direction, can also produce vortex beams.
2. the method according to claim 1 that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet,
It is characterized in that：In the step S1, incident beam is set to use high power laser sources (1), through polarizer or polarization spectro
Linearly polarized light beam is obtained after prism, spectrum width is less than ± 3nm, also can directly use linear polarization light source.
3. the method according to claim 1 that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet,
It is characterized in that：In the step S2 and S3, the wave plate (2) of λ/2 can be changed and rotated, and with the central wavelength lambda phase one of light source
Cause, to improve the scope of application, the polarization direction of incident light is can adjust by rotating the wave plate (2) of λ/2；Horizontal analyzer (3) ensures
Outgoing beam is horizontal linear polarization light, and the wave plate (2) of horizontal analyzer (3) and λ/2 is combined, achievable by rotating λ/2 wave plates (2)
The regulation of light beam light intensity.
4. the method according to claim 1 that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet,
It is characterized in that：In the step S5 and S9, the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 can be changed and rotated, and with the central wavelength lambda phase one of light source
Cause, the fast axle of the wave plate (6) of the λ of initial setting up the first/4 is with X-axis (i.e. along light path perpendicular to the horizontal right direction of optical axis) into -45 °
I.e. 135 ° angles, fast axle and the X-axis angle at 45 ° of the wave plate (8) of the 2nd λ/4 can be changed by rotating the wave plate of two pieces of λ/4 as needed
Quick shaft direction, and then produce different post vector polarised lights, such as two blocks of λ/90 ° of 4 wave plates are rotated respectively, just can produce 4 kinds
Different post vector polarised lights.
5. the method according to claim 1 that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet,
It is characterized in that：In the step S6, the fast axle of helicon sheet (7) in X direction, helicon sheet (7) thickness h clockwise with
Anglec of rotation θ gradual changesWherein substrate thickness h0=m λ, m are integer, and X-axis forward direction θ=0, λ is incident light wave
It is long, ne, noFor two principal refractive indexs of wave plate crystal, beam optical axis perpendicular to helicon sheet (7) substrate Bing Guoqi centers, by
Make more difficult in continuous helical gradual change wave plate plate, can be replaced with piecemeal gradual change sectorial wave sheet, it is assumed that the shared fan-shaped wave plate group of N blocks
Into a circle, then kth block wave plate thickness
6. the method according to claim 1 that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet,
It is characterized in that：In the step S7, the phase-delay quantity of spiral phase plate (9)Relation with anglec of rotation θ isThat is phase rotate counterclockwise, θ=0 when X-axis is positive can be real by plating certain each property same sex medium of different-thickness
Existing, it is assumed that the medium refraction index is n, air refraction is set to 1, then thickness of coating is yielded and comply the change of pointer angle, θ and turned tol0For substrate thickness, also can directly it be made by techniques such as reverse mould cutting polishings, beam optical axis
Perpendicular to spiral phase plate (9) substrate Bing Guoqi centers, when with piecemeal gradual change sectorial wave sheet, its corresponding piecemeal gradual change fan
Shape phase-plate also has N blocks, the thickness of coating of kth block
7. the method according to claim 1 that a variety of high power post vector light beams are produced based on a helicon sheet,
It is characterized in that：In described step S2, S5, S6 and S7, the wave plate of the wave plate of λ/2, two pieces of λ/4, helicon sheet (7), helical phase
Plate (9), can bear high power laser light, and can be according to lambda1-wavelength change parameter.
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