CN107083515B - A kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings - Google Patents
A kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107083515B CN107083515B CN201710238791.5A CN201710238791A CN107083515B CN 107083515 B CN107083515 B CN 107083515B CN 201710238791 A CN201710238791 A CN 201710238791A CN 107083515 B CN107083515 B CN 107083515B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
- C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
- C22C33/12—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium by fluidised injection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to steel casting industries, specially a kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings, including smelting scrap steel, spheriodization process thereof, the smelting scrap steel technical process is: straight carbon steel is added in furnace bottom and carburant uses high power high-temperature melting, straight carbon steel and carburant is added in melting, the broken material and briquetting material of melting later period addition autobody sheet, it removes the gred, inovulant melting, sampling analysis is added after carburetting process, adjust C, Si content, tapping；The spheriodization process thereof is: molten iron is carried out spray magnesium nodularization.The present invention has the advantage that it is at low cost, high-quality, waste product is few.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iron and steel casting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings.
Background technique
Casting industry is faced with furnace charge price and quickly goes up at present, especially the constantly soaring reality of pig iron price.With
Steel prices persistently rise, and foundry iron price is also higher and higher.It is irregular in the superelevation price and quality of the pig iron, no
Increase the production cost of ductile iron pipe, be also greatly affected in quality, therefore seeks the new production work for improving product quality
Skill and reduction production cost are imperative.
When tradition electric furnace Scrap Smelting adds carburant to produce spheroidal graphite cast-iron, the unstable product quality of acquisition is mainly deposited
Few from fat crystal nucleus when molten metal is in solidification and crystallization, iron liquid degree of supercooling is big, graphitizability difference and the high problem of casting hardness.It passes
There are two main problems for the high power high-temperature method of smelting of system, first is that when the carbon content in iron liquid reaches an amount, then improve iron
Liquid phosphorus content is with regard to extremely difficult；Second is that steel scrap is added in the melting later period, furnace inner metal liquid splashes seriously, and there are larger safety is hidden
Suffer from.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of melting sides of producing nodular iron castings
Method.The present invention selects high power high-temperature Scrap Smelting and the sequence of carburant, slagging-off circulation to solve molten metal in solidification and crystallization
When, iron liquid degree of supercooling few from fat crystal nucleus is big, inkization ability is poor and casting hardness is high problem.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings, including smelting scrap steel, spheriodization process thereof, feature exist
In the smelting scrap steel technical process is: straight carbon steel is added in furnace bottom and carburant uses high power high-temperature melting, in melting
Straight carbon steel and carburant is added, the broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet is added in the melting later period, autobody sheet broken material and
Before briquetting material is added, carburant is added to 60-70%, closes electricity after the broken material and briquetting material of 50% autobody sheet is added
The hump of liquid level in furnace is eliminated in source, and standing 5-10min keeps liquid level steady, removes the slag of liquid level center aggregation in furnace, and slag is clear
Except after clean plus carburant, inovulant melting, sampling point is added after carburetting process in startup power supply high power high-temperature melting
Analysis adjusts C, Si content, tapping；The spheriodization process thereof process is: molten iron being warming up to 1430-1470 DEG C and carries out spray magnesium ball
Change.
Further, the steel scrap be straight carbon steel, the broken material of autobody sheet and briquetting material, straight carbon steel 60-80%,
Remaining broken material and briquetting material for autobody sheet；Mn≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.08% in steel scrap, elemental composition referring to
Table 1 forms broken material and briquetting material 70%-90% for pig iron 10%-30%, straight carbon steel and autobody sheet.First time melting
40%-60% steel scrap is added, 20%-30% steel scrap is added in each melting later, and autobody sheet is added in the smelting scrap steel process later period
Broken material and briquetting material.Furnace inner metal liquid splashes seriously after the broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet is added, and there are larger peaces
Full hidden danger.Therefore it combines production practical, has advanced optimized smelting technology.The broken material and briquetting of autobody sheet is first added
Material removes the gred outward in fusing, to carry out examination when the use of automobile broken material being " broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet "
Work, avoids harmful element from being mingled with wherein, checks closure member severely in various steel scraps, and closure member is added in furnace and is easy to blow out, deposits
In larger security risk.
1 steel scrap elemental standards of table
Further, the carburant is graphite, wherein fixed carbon content > 98%, sulphur≤0.05%, moisture≤
0.03%.Since granular graphite Degree distributions carburetting speed and carburetting influential effect are very big, cross senior general and be difficult to melt, it is too small and can float
Float in clinker.It is obtained by long term test, it is best with graphite of the size distribution within the scope of 0.5-5mm.Each melting is added
20%-30% carburant, prevents carburant from accumulating to form heat zone, and steel scrap and carburant is added in melting.In this period
The interior absorptivity to improve carburant, eliminates the heredity in iron liquid, needs using high power high-temperature melting.Autobody sheet is broken
Particle and briquetting material dregginess are more, need to remove the gred in fusion process, carburant not with the broken material of autobody sheet and briquetting material
Mixed smelting；After smelting scrap steel finishes thorough slagging-off, 8%-12% carburant is left for adjusting the C to 3.6- of molten iron
4.0%, melting is all added in remaining carburant.
Further, the inovulant is 75 ferrosilicon, wherein silicone content >=72%, size distribution 0.3-1.0%, ton pipe
Consumption is 1.4-1.6kg；The addition of the inovulant will add after carburant all adds, the main reason is that breeding
The absorptivity that can seriously affect carbon and carburant dissolution diffusion velocity is added in silicon in agent.
Further, the analysis is spectrum analysis, and when molten iron temperature reaches 1300-1350 DEG C, spectrum point is carried out to it
Analysis, based on the analysis results adjusting C, Si to C is 3.6-4.0%, Si 0.6-1.5%.
Further, the molten iron is Fe-C-Si-O aluminium alloy, inside there are chemical reaction equilibrium, equilibrium temperature exists
Between 1390-1420 DEG C.Therefore recommending spheroidization treatment temperature is 1430-1470 DEG C.If carburant is heated above equilibrium temperature,
Carbon in iron liquid increases scaling loss, and the absorptivity of carburant reduces；Carburant when heating temperature is lower than equilibrium temperature, in iron liquid
Dissolution and diffusion velocity decline, therefore the absorptivity of carburant is relatively low.But temperature is difficult to control flat in actual production
Near the temperature that weighs.The dissolution and diffusion of carburant can be increased by improving temperature, be conducive to iron liquid and absorbed in time to carbon and shorten carbon
Oxidization time, make as far as possible absorb much larger than loss, while be also beneficial to improve burn-off rate.It is obtained by test of many times
Best spheroidization treatment temperature is 1430-1470 DEG C.
Further, active content of magnesium > 92% in the nodulizer, there is influence to absorptivity in the granularity of pure magnesium, to magnesium
Granularity formulated critical field be 80 μm -830 μm (i.e. 20-80 mesh), C content is that 3.6-3.9%, Si content are after nodularization
1.8-2.3%.
Further, nodular iron casting canonical reference table 2 of the invention.In the actual production process according to ductile iron pipe
Caliber appropriate can be adjusted carbon content, Adjustment principle is that caliber is smaller, and carbon content is adjustable to the upper limit, otherwise adjustment
To lower limit.
2 nodular iron casting standard of table
The principle of the present invention: steel and iron do not exist together mainly phosphorus content, to steel carburetting to certain dimension just at iron.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the circulation of high power high-temperature Scrap Smelting and carburant, slagging-off is selected to solve gold
Belong to the problem that liquid is few from fat crystal nucleus in solidification and crystallization, iron liquid degree of supercooling is big, inkization ability difference and casting hardness are high.Steel scrap conduct
Raw material, cost are significantly lower than the spheroidal graphite pig iron, and heredity is better than the spheroidal graphite pig iron, improve and extend under the premise of tensile strength is constant
Rate.The present invention has the advantage that it is at low cost, high-quality, waste product is few.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below, but protection scope of the present invention is not
It is confined to as described below.
A kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings, including smelting scrap steel, spheriodization process thereof, feature exist
In the smelting scrap steel technical process is: straight carbon steel is added in furnace bottom and carburant uses high power high-temperature melting, in melting
Straight carbon steel and carburant is added, the broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet is added in the melting later period, autobody sheet broken material and
Before briquetting material is added, carburant is added to 60-70%, closes electricity after the broken material and briquetting material of 50% autobody sheet is added
The hump of liquid level in furnace is eliminated in source, and standing 5-10min keeps liquid level steady, removes the slag of liquid level center aggregation in furnace, and slag is clear
Except after clean plus carburant, inovulant melting, sampling point is added after carburetting process in startup power supply high power high-temperature melting
Analysis adjusts C, Si content, tapping；The spheriodization process thereof process is: molten iron being warming up to 1430-1470 DEG C and carries out spray magnesium ball
Change.
Specifically, the carburant is graphite, wherein fixed carbon content > 98%, sulphur≤0.05%, moisture≤0.03%,
Size distribution is 0.5-5mm.
Specifically, the inovulant is 75 ferrosilicon, wherein silicone content >=72%, size distribution 0.3-1.0%, ton pipe consumption
Amount is 1.4-1.6kg.
Specifically, active content of magnesium > 92% in the nodulizer, size distribution are 180-830 μm, and C content is after nodularization
3.6-3.9%, Si content are 1.8-2.3%
Embodiment
December, proposition further decreased pig iron dosage, groped the quality feelings of full steel scrap addition carburant ductile iron pipe
Condition ends pig iron additional proportion 26% on the 25th, and wherein 9-14 days, totally 14 shifts, pig iron additional amount≤25% had 5 classes
It is secondary；≤ 20% has 5 shifts；≤ 10% has 1 shift；Not plus 3 shifts of the pig iron.Nodularization, metallographic, intensity, hardness
Substantially without significant change, but elongation percentage has with the increasing of steel scrap ratio and is increased, as a result as follows.
1, metallographic structure compares
With normal ingredient indistinction, 2 grades of rates 99%
2, mechanical performance compares
The comparison of 3 1-12 month mechanical performance of table
3,9-16 in December days specific addition data
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein
Form should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be at this
In the text contemplated scope, modifications can be made through the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge.And those skilled in the art institute into
Capable modifications and changes do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection scope of appended claims of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings, including smelting scrap steel, spheriodization process thereof, which is characterized in that
The smelting scrap steel technical process is: straight carbon steel is added in furnace bottom and carburant uses high power high-temperature melting, adds in melting
Enter straight carbon steel and carburant, the broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet is added in the melting later period, in the broken material and pressure of autobody sheet
Before block is added, carburant is added to 60-70%, closing power supply disappears after the broken material and briquetting material of 50% autobody sheet is added
Except the hump of liquid level in furnace, standing 5-10min keeps liquid level steady, removes the slag of liquid level center aggregation in furnace, and slag is removed dry
After net plus carburant, inovulant melting is added after carburetting process in startup power supply high power high-temperature melting, and sampling analysis is adjusted
Whole C, Si content, tapping；The spheriodization process thereof process is: molten iron being warming up to 1430-1470 DEG C and carries out spray magnesium nodularization；Institute
Stating carburant is graphite, wherein fixed carbon content > 98%, sulphur≤0.05%, moisture≤0.03%, size distribution 0.5-5mm；Often
20%-30% carburant is added in secondary melting, and carburant cannot be with the broken material and briquetting material mixed smelting of autobody sheet；Work as steel scrap
After melting finishes thoroughly slagging-off, leaves 8%-12% carburant and all add for adjusting the C to 3.6-4.0% of molten iron, remaining carburant
Enter melting；40%-60% steel scrap is added in first time melting, and 20%-30% steel scrap, smelting scrap steel process later period is added in each melting later
The broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet is added, the steel scrap is straight carbon steel, the broken material of autobody sheet and briquetting material, straight carbon steel
For 60-80%, remaining is the broken material and briquetting material of autobody sheet；Mn≤0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.08% in steel scrap.
2. a kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to breed
Agent is 75 ferrosilicon, wherein silicone content >=72%, size distribution 0.3-1.0cm, and ton pipe consumption is 1.4-1.6kg.
3. a kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that use spectrum
Molten iron is analyzed in analysis, when molten iron temperature reaches 1300-1350 DEG C, carries out spectrum analysis to it, and based on the analysis results
It is 3.6-4.0%, Si 0.6-1.5% that C, Si, which are adjusted to C,.
4. a kind of method of smelting of producing nodular iron castings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nodularization
Active content of magnesium > 92% in agent, size distribution are 180-830 μm, and it is 1.8- that C content, which is 3.6-3.9%, Si content, after nodularization
2.3%。
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| CN108531679A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-14 | 南通冠峰铸造有限公司 | A kind of technique of pure smelting scrap steel magnesium iron and gray iron casting |
| CN109487148A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-19 | 山东圣鑫管业有限公司 | A method of utilizing waste and old steel melting water heating pipe fittings molten iron |
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| CN104233048A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 青阳县天平机械制造有限公司 | Cast state high-strength and high-toughness ball iron alloy for steering axle and preparation method of cast state high-strength and high-toughness ball iron alloy |
| CN105838979A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-10 | 福建省德赛泵业有限公司 | Ductile iron and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106222526A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | A kind of synthesis and preparation process of High-silicon-molybdeductile ductile iron material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104233048A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-24 | 青阳县天平机械制造有限公司 | Cast state high-strength and high-toughness ball iron alloy for steering axle and preparation method of cast state high-strength and high-toughness ball iron alloy |
| CN105838979A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-10 | 福建省德赛泵业有限公司 | Ductile iron and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN106222526A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-14 | 共享装备股份有限公司 | A kind of synthesis and preparation process of High-silicon-molybdeductile ductile iron material |
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