CN101724751A - Method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium - Google Patents
Method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium Download PDFInfo
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- CN101724751A CN101724751A CN200910312478A CN200910312478A CN101724751A CN 101724751 A CN101724751 A CN 101724751A CN 200910312478 A CN200910312478 A CN 200910312478A CN 200910312478 A CN200910312478 A CN 200910312478A CN 101724751 A CN101724751 A CN 101724751A
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- iron
- aluminium
- high vanadium
- vanadium
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910014460 Ca-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100382265 Mus musculus Ca15 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910021541 Vanadium(III) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 aluminium calcium iron Chemical compound 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003682 vanadium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the metallurgy field and in particular relates to a method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of an electro-aluminothermic process characterized by high smelting recovery of vanadium. In particular, with mixed materials of V2O5 and V2O3 as the raw materials, the high vanadium ferrovanadium is smelted by the electro-aluminothermic process. The method comprises the following steps: A. preparing bottom materials and major materials; B. firstly adding the bottom materials for smelting at the initial stage of smelting; C. then adding the major materials after the bottom materials react stably; and D. refining. The bottom materials include aluminium, V2O5, iron and lime, and the major materials include V2O3, aluminium, V2O5, iron, lime and fluorite. The method not only fully utilizes the reaction heat, but also simplifies the process, reduces the slag viscosity and ensures the smelting recovery of the ferrovanadium to be steadily increased by over 96%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, be specifically related to the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy.
Background technology
Vanadium is widely used in industries such as metallurgy, aerospace, chemical industry with the form of vanadium iron, vanadium compound and vanadium metal, and vanadium iron is the important alloy addition of Iron And Steel Industry, can improve intensity, toughness, ductility and the thermotolerance of steel.
The method of at present, producing high vanadium ferroalloy both at home and abroad mainly contains ferrosilicon process, carbothermy and thermit reduction.The carbothermy cost is lower, but product carbon containing height, many steel grades can't use.Be difficult to production higher-grade vanadium iron though the silicothermic process cost is lower, smelting cycle is about 4 6h.But the vanadium iron of the little carbon of thermit reduction production high-grade by its difference of using raw material, can be divided into V
2O
5Thermit reduction and V
2O
3The electrit thermal reduction, smelting cycle is about 1.5h, and it is excessive that the former reacts caloric value, and consumption aluminium is many, and cost is higher, and is prone to the splash phenomenon in the course of reaction, has a strong impact on the rate of recovery of vanadium, and the rate of recovery generally is about 94%.By contrast, with V
2O
3For raw material carries out the corresponding reduction of aluminium amount that thermite reaction consumes.Use in theory V
2O
3Smelting ferrovanadium compares V
2O
5Smelting ferrovanadium can be saved 40% aluminium, makes cost that bigger reduction be arranged, and this also is V
2O
3The sharpest edges of smelting ferrovanadium, vanadium recovery generally is about about 95%.The inventor finds in application process, V
2O
3The electrit thermal reduction is because reaction heat much smaller than the required heat of spontaneous reaction, must just can make this reaction go on by external heat source, and whole smelting process all needs extraneous power supply to come additional heat, must be reinforced while switching on, so V
2O
3Smelting ferrovanadium technology and V
2O
5Smelting ferrovanadium technology exists obviously different.The inventor also finds because V
2O
3Density is littler, adopts powdery V
2O
3Volatilization is more serious during smelting, affect the vanadium smelting direct yield, and because energising is longer the duration of heat, must strict production control process conditions, otherwise the high vanadium ferroalloy carbon content of smelting acquisition exceeds standard easily, affects the quality of vanadium iron.
Produce two kinds of methods of high vanadium ferroalloy, V so adopt aluminothermic process
2O
5The thermit reduction energy surplus, V
2O
3Electrit thermal reduction energy shortage; The fusing point of slag is higher simultaneously, must improve the rate of recovery of vanadium by the content of vanadium in the follow-up refining procedure reduction slag, makes the technology even more complex, has restricted the increase of high vanadium ferroalloy output.Therefore, the method that a kind of smelting cycle is short, technical process is simple, the aluminium consumption is low, smelt the electro-aluminothermic process smelting high vanadium ferroalloy that integrated cost is low and the vanadium smelting rate of recovery is high is badly in need of developing in this area.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention provides the method that the high electro-aluminothermic process of a kind of vanadium smelting rate of recovery is smelted high vanadium ferroalloy.
Particularly, adopt V
2O
5And V
2O
3Mixed material is raw material, smelts high vanadium ferroalloy with electro-aluminothermic process, and step is as follows:
A, preparation bed material and major ingredient;
B, smelting initial stage, at first add bed material and smelt;
C, behind the bed material reacting balance, add major ingredient again;
D, refining;
Wherein, bed material is aluminium, V
2O
5, iron, lime; Major ingredient is V
2O
3, aluminium, V
2O
5, iron, lime, fluorite.
The preparation bed material should satisfy reaction fast fully, keeps higher reaction heat again, guarantees to form the molten bath.The bed material weight proportion is: V
2O
56.5-8.5 part, aluminium 3.5-4 part, lime 1.5-2 part, iron 0.75-1.5 part.
Determine weight proportion relation between major ingredient: V according to the theoretical consumption of metallothermic reduction reaction and reaction heat size
2O
520-40 part, aluminium 23-28 part, V
2O
315-40 part, iron 8-9 part, lime 10-13 part, fluorite 4-5 part.
Come out of the stove after smelting end, reverse mould, cooling, the shrend alloy namely gets the high vanadium ferroalloy finished product through conventional treatment processes such as break-iron, fragmentation, screenings again.
The smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy of the present invention is earlier with aluminum shot, V
2O
5Be bed material, this reaction is violent, and is very fast in burner hearth bottom formation molten bath, behind reacting balance, namely adds continuously V in stove
2O
5And V
2O
3Be main mixed material, so both took full advantage of reaction heat, need not extraneous heat supply and smelt, simplify technical process, shortened to the duration of heat in the 1h, reduced the viscosity of slag, smelt the low and vanadium smelting rate of recovery height of integrated cost, the rate of recovery steadily improves and reaches more than 96%.
Embodiment
Below by specific description of embodiments of the present invention the explanation but do not limit the present invention.
The smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy of the present invention is to adopt V
2O
5And V
2O
3Mixed material is raw material, smelts high vanadium ferroalloy with electro-aluminothermic process, and step is as follows:
A, preparation bed material and major ingredient;
B, smelting initial stage, at first add bed material and smelt;
C, behind the bed material reacting balance, add major ingredient again;
D, refining.
Bed material is aluminium, V
2O
5, iron, lime, weight proportion is: V
2O
56.5-8.5 part, aluminium 3.5-4 part, lime 1.5-2 part, iron 0.75-1.5 part; Preferred V
2O
57.5 part, 3.85 parts in aluminium, 1.75 parts in lime, 1 part of iron.
Major ingredient is V
2O
3, aluminium, V
2O
5, iron, lime, fluorite, weight proportion is: V
2O
520-40 part, aluminium 23-28 part, V
2O
315-40 part, iron 8-9 part, lime 10-13 part, fluorite 4-5 part.
Wherein, V in the major ingredient
2O
5With V
2O
3Weight proportion be V
2O
51-3 part, V
2O
31-3 part.
Used aluminium, iron adopt respectively aluminum shot and abrasive grit in bed material and the major ingredient.Lime can reduce liquidus temperature and the viscosity of slag in the bed material, and iron and vanadium generate vanadium iron and fall low-alloyed fusing point.
In the production preferably with V
2O
3Make pelletizing, so processing can solve V
2O
3Density is littler, adopts powdery V
2O
3It is more serious to volatilize during smelting, affects the technical problem of vanadium smelting direct yield, and the pelletizing granularity is: 1mm~10mm, the pelletizing surface should be loose porous, has certain intensity, can not efflorescence behind the batch mixing.
Add viscosity and the liquidus temperature that fluorite can reduce slag in the major ingredient, improve the smelting recovery of vanadium, the addition of fluorite is the 10%-25% of aluminium amount, and granularity is 5mm~40mm.
Step B at first added bed material and smelts at the smelting initial stage, utilized the thermite reaction heat production, made it form the molten bath at burner hearth bottom, was beneficial to subsequent reactions;
Adopt the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining during step D refining, and bottom electrode energising striking insulation.The Al-Ca-Fe alloy that adds is refining agent, the Al-Ca-Fe alloy chemical ingredients by weight percentage: Al 45%~60%, Ca 15%~35%, surplus are iron and impurity; Foreign matter content is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, impurity granularity are 1-3mm.The Al-Ca-Fe alloy granularity is controlled to be 1mm-40mm, if granularity is excessive, speed of response is slower, if undersized, scaling loss is bigger, and preferably its mean particle size is that the Al-Ca-Fe alloy of 5-30mm is preferable.The consumption of Al-Ca-Fe alloy too much can cause waste simultaneously, easily increases production cost, and consumption is very few, then affects the smelting recovery of vanadium, and the addition of general aluminium calcium iron is the 2%-6% of aluminum shot addition by weight.
Come out of the stove after smelting end, reverse mould, cooling, the shrend alloy namely gets the high vanadium ferroalloy finished product through conventional treatment processes such as break-iron, fragmentation, screenings again, and the vanadium smelting rate of recovery is up to more than 96%.
Embodiment 1
1, bed material proportioning: 75Kg V
2O
5, 38.5Kg Al, 17.5Kg CaO, 10Kg Fe, bed material adds up to 141Kg.
2, major ingredient proportioning: 400Kg V
2O
5, 175Kg V
2O
3, 265Kg aluminum shot, 125Kg CaO, 50Kg CaF
2, 80Kg abrasive grit, 10Kg refining agent Al-Ca-Fe alloy.
Wherein, the chemical ingredients of Al-Ca-Fe alloy is by weight being Al 55%, and Ca 25%, and surplus is iron and impurity.The foreign matter content of aluminium calcium iron is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, granularity 1-10mm.
3, technical process: at first with V
2O
3Briquetting is then with aluminum shot, V
2O
5And V
2O
3Pelletizing, iron, lime, fluorite are raw material, adopt electro-aluminothermic process to smelt high vanadium ferroalloy.
A, smelting initial stage add bed material, with the magnesium chips striking of lighting or switch on, adopt thermit reaction to produce high vanadium ferroalloy, this reaction is violent, and is very fast in burner hearth bottom formation molten bath, behind reacting balance, namely add continuously major ingredient in stove, adjust blanking velocity, the assurance reaction in furnace is steadily carried out by self-heating.
After B, furnace charge added, decline electrode and the striking of switching on added the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining, the about 20min of simultaneously energising insulation, the smelting recovery of raising vanadium iron.
C, slag and alloy come out of the stove simultaneously after smelt finishing and pour ingot mould into, water filling is cooled off behind the about 30min of ingot mould cooling, and the shrend alloy is again through break-iron, fragmentation, screening, packing acquisition finished product.
Above-mentioned furnace charge obtains grade and is 79.8% FeV80 alloy 465Kg, alloy carbon content 0.08%, the residual vanadium 0.76% of lean slag, the vanadium smelting rate of recovery 97.1% after smelting.
Embodiment 2
1, bed material proportioning: 75Kg V
2O
5, 38.5Kg Al, 17.5Kg CaO, 10Kg Fe.Bed material adds up to 141Kg.
2, major ingredient proportioning: 300Kg V
2O
5, 300Kg V
2O
3, 260Kg aluminum shot, 123Kg CaO, 50Kg CaF
2, 85Kg abrasive grit, 10Kg refining agent aluminium calcium iron.
Wherein, the chemical ingredients of Al-Ca-Fe alloy is by weight being Al 55%, and Ca 22%, and surplus is iron and impurity.The foreign matter content of aluminium calcium iron is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, granularity 1-10mm.
3, technical process is substantially with embodiment 1, and different is, when adding major ingredient continuously in stove, if the self-heating deficiency needs the decline electrode striking additional heat of switching under low-power.After furnace charge adds, increase striking voltage, and add the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining, the about 25min of energising insulation.
Above-mentioned furnace charge obtains grade and is 80.2% FeV80 alloy 479Kg, alloy carbon content 0.08%, the residual vanadium 0.85% of lean slag, the vanadium smelting rate of recovery 96.8% after smelting.
Embodiment 3
1, bed material proportioning: 75Kg V
2O
5, 38.5Kg Al, 17.5Kg CaO, 10Kg Fe, bed material adds up to 141Kg.
2, major ingredient proportioning: 240Kg V
2O
5, 360Kg V
2O
3, 230Kg aluminum shot, 110Kg CaO, 45KgCaF
2, 80Kg abrasive grit, 10Kg refining agent aluminium calcium iron.
Wherein, the chemical ingredients of Al-Ca-Fe alloy is by weight being Al 50%, and Ca 28%, and surplus is iron and impurity.The foreign matter content of aluminium calcium iron is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, granularity 1-3mm.
3, technical process is substantially with embodiment 2, and is same, when adding major ingredient continuously in stove, if the self-heating deficiency needs the decline electrode striking additional heat of switching under low-power.After furnace charge adds, increase striking voltage, and add the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining, the about 25min of energising insulation.
Above-mentioned furnace charge obtains grade and is 80.1% FeV80 alloy 489Kg, alloy carbon content 0.10%, the residual vanadium 0.86% of lean slag, the vanadium smelting rate of recovery 96.6% after smelting.
The technology of the present invention is simple, and on-the-spot transformation process is convenient, and feasibility is strong, and application prospect is wide.
Claims (8)
1. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
A, preparation bed material and major ingredient;
B, smelting initial stage, at first add bed material and smelt;
C, behind the bed material reacting balance, add major ingredient again;
D, refining;
Wherein, bed material is V
2O
5, aluminium, lime, iron, weight proportion is: V
2O
56.5-8.5 part, aluminium 3.5-4 part, lime 1.5-2 part, iron 0.75-1.5 part;
Major ingredient is V
2O
3, aluminium, V
2O
5, iron, lime, fluorite, weight proportion is: V
2O
520-40 part, aluminium 23-28 part, V
2O
315-40 part, iron 8-9 part, lime 10-13 part, fluorite 4-5 part.
2. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with the V in the major ingredient
2O
3Make pelletizing, the pelletizing granularity is: 1mm~10mm.
3. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: V in the described major ingredient of steps A
2O
5With V
2O
3Weight proportion be: V
2O
51-3 part, V
2O
31-3 part.
4. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: steps A bed material weight proportion is: V
2O
57.5 part, 3.85 parts in aluminium, 1.75 parts in lime, 1 part of iron.
5. according to the smelting process of each described high vanadium ferroalloy of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: adopt the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining during step D refining, and lower electrode energising striking.
6. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described Al-Ca-Fe alloy chemical ingredients by weight percentage: Al45%~60%, Ca15%~35%, surplus are iron and impurity; Foreign matter content is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.0%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%.
7. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the described Al-Ca-Fe alloy granularity of step D is 1-30mm.
8. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the described Al-Ca-Fe alloy add-on of step D is counted the 2%-6% of aluminum shot add-on by weight.
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CN102002585A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-04-06 | 中南大学 | Method for producing vanadium iron with stone-like coal pickle liquor |
CN102115821A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-07-06 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Method for smelting ferrovanadium |
CN103045928A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 | Method for producing ferrovanadium by aluminothermic process |
CN106216645A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-14 | 成都工业学院 | The method of ferrocolumbium casting dealuminzation |
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- 2009-12-29 CN CN2009103124787A patent/CN101724751B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN102115821A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2011-07-06 | 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 | Method for smelting ferrovanadium |
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CN102002585A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2011-04-06 | 中南大学 | Method for producing vanadium iron with stone-like coal pickle liquor |
CN102002585B (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2013-03-13 | 中南大学 | Method for producing vanadium iron with stone-like coal pickle liquor |
CN103045928A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-17 | 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 | Method for producing ferrovanadium by aluminothermic process |
CN106350675A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2017-01-25 | 东北大学 | Preparation method of high-quality AlV55 alloy |
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CN106216645A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-14 | 成都工业学院 | The method of ferrocolumbium casting dealuminzation |
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