CN101724751A - Method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium - Google Patents

Method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium Download PDF

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CN101724751A
CN101724751A CN200910312478A CN200910312478A CN101724751A CN 101724751 A CN101724751 A CN 101724751A CN 200910312478 A CN200910312478 A CN 200910312478A CN 200910312478 A CN200910312478 A CN 200910312478A CN 101724751 A CN101724751 A CN 101724751A
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smelting
iron
aluminium
high vanadium
vanadium
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CN101724751B (en
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吴文东
刘奎仁
蒲年文
韩庆
帅兴国
陈建设
黄斌
吕久吉
谢建国
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SICHUAN CHUANWEI GROUP Inc
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SICHUAN CHUANWEI GROUP Inc
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the metallurgy field and in particular relates to a method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of an electro-aluminothermic process characterized by high smelting recovery of vanadium. In particular, with mixed materials of V2O5 and V2O3 as the raw materials, the high vanadium ferrovanadium is smelted by the electro-aluminothermic process. The method comprises the following steps: A. preparing bottom materials and major materials; B. firstly adding the bottom materials for smelting at the initial stage of smelting; C. then adding the major materials after the bottom materials react stably; and D. refining. The bottom materials include aluminium, V2O5, iron and lime, and the major materials include V2O3, aluminium, V2O5, iron, lime and fluorite. The method not only fully utilizes the reaction heat, but also simplifies the process, reduces the slag viscosity and ensures the smelting recovery of the ferrovanadium to be steadily increased by over 96%.

Description

The smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, be specifically related to the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy.
Background technology
Vanadium is widely used in industries such as metallurgy, aerospace, chemical industry with the form of vanadium iron, vanadium compound and vanadium metal, and vanadium iron is the important alloy addition of Iron And Steel Industry, can improve intensity, toughness, ductility and the thermotolerance of steel.
The method of at present, producing high vanadium ferroalloy both at home and abroad mainly contains ferrosilicon process, carbothermy and thermit reduction.The carbothermy cost is lower, but product carbon containing height, many steel grades can't use.Be difficult to production higher-grade vanadium iron though the silicothermic process cost is lower, smelting cycle is about 4 6h.But the vanadium iron of the little carbon of thermit reduction production high-grade by its difference of using raw material, can be divided into V 2O 5Thermit reduction and V 2O 3The electrit thermal reduction, smelting cycle is about 1.5h, and it is excessive that the former reacts caloric value, and consumption aluminium is many, and cost is higher, and is prone to the splash phenomenon in the course of reaction, has a strong impact on the rate of recovery of vanadium, and the rate of recovery generally is about 94%.By contrast, with V 2O 3For raw material carries out the corresponding reduction of aluminium amount that thermite reaction consumes.Use in theory V 2O 3Smelting ferrovanadium compares V 2O 5Smelting ferrovanadium can be saved 40% aluminium, makes cost that bigger reduction be arranged, and this also is V 2O 3The sharpest edges of smelting ferrovanadium, vanadium recovery generally is about about 95%.The inventor finds in application process, V 2O 3The electrit thermal reduction is because reaction heat much smaller than the required heat of spontaneous reaction, must just can make this reaction go on by external heat source, and whole smelting process all needs extraneous power supply to come additional heat, must be reinforced while switching on, so V 2O 3Smelting ferrovanadium technology and V 2O 5Smelting ferrovanadium technology exists obviously different.The inventor also finds because V 2O 3Density is littler, adopts powdery V 2O 3Volatilization is more serious during smelting, affect the vanadium smelting direct yield, and because energising is longer the duration of heat, must strict production control process conditions, otherwise the high vanadium ferroalloy carbon content of smelting acquisition exceeds standard easily, affects the quality of vanadium iron.
Produce two kinds of methods of high vanadium ferroalloy, V so adopt aluminothermic process 2O 5The thermit reduction energy surplus, V 2O 3Electrit thermal reduction energy shortage; The fusing point of slag is higher simultaneously, must improve the rate of recovery of vanadium by the content of vanadium in the follow-up refining procedure reduction slag, makes the technology even more complex, has restricted the increase of high vanadium ferroalloy output.Therefore, the method that a kind of smelting cycle is short, technical process is simple, the aluminium consumption is low, smelt the electro-aluminothermic process smelting high vanadium ferroalloy that integrated cost is low and the vanadium smelting rate of recovery is high is badly in need of developing in this area.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention provides the method that the high electro-aluminothermic process of a kind of vanadium smelting rate of recovery is smelted high vanadium ferroalloy.
Particularly, adopt V 2O 5And V 2O 3Mixed material is raw material, smelts high vanadium ferroalloy with electro-aluminothermic process, and step is as follows:
A, preparation bed material and major ingredient;
B, smelting initial stage, at first add bed material and smelt;
C, behind the bed material reacting balance, add major ingredient again;
D, refining;
Wherein, bed material is aluminium, V 2O 5, iron, lime; Major ingredient is V 2O 3, aluminium, V 2O 5, iron, lime, fluorite.
The preparation bed material should satisfy reaction fast fully, keeps higher reaction heat again, guarantees to form the molten bath.The bed material weight proportion is: V 2O 56.5-8.5 part, aluminium 3.5-4 part, lime 1.5-2 part, iron 0.75-1.5 part.
Determine weight proportion relation between major ingredient: V according to the theoretical consumption of metallothermic reduction reaction and reaction heat size 2O 520-40 part, aluminium 23-28 part, V 2O 315-40 part, iron 8-9 part, lime 10-13 part, fluorite 4-5 part.
Come out of the stove after smelting end, reverse mould, cooling, the shrend alloy namely gets the high vanadium ferroalloy finished product through conventional treatment processes such as break-iron, fragmentation, screenings again.
The smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy of the present invention is earlier with aluminum shot, V 2O 5Be bed material, this reaction is violent, and is very fast in burner hearth bottom formation molten bath, behind reacting balance, namely adds continuously V in stove 2O 5And V 2O 3Be main mixed material, so both took full advantage of reaction heat, need not extraneous heat supply and smelt, simplify technical process, shortened to the duration of heat in the 1h, reduced the viscosity of slag, smelt the low and vanadium smelting rate of recovery height of integrated cost, the rate of recovery steadily improves and reaches more than 96%.
Embodiment
Below by specific description of embodiments of the present invention the explanation but do not limit the present invention.
The smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy of the present invention is to adopt V 2O 5And V 2O 3Mixed material is raw material, smelts high vanadium ferroalloy with electro-aluminothermic process, and step is as follows:
A, preparation bed material and major ingredient;
B, smelting initial stage, at first add bed material and smelt;
C, behind the bed material reacting balance, add major ingredient again;
D, refining.
Bed material is aluminium, V 2O 5, iron, lime, weight proportion is: V 2O 56.5-8.5 part, aluminium 3.5-4 part, lime 1.5-2 part, iron 0.75-1.5 part; Preferred V 2O 57.5 part, 3.85 parts in aluminium, 1.75 parts in lime, 1 part of iron.
Major ingredient is V 2O 3, aluminium, V 2O 5, iron, lime, fluorite, weight proportion is: V 2O 520-40 part, aluminium 23-28 part, V 2O 315-40 part, iron 8-9 part, lime 10-13 part, fluorite 4-5 part.
Wherein, V in the major ingredient 2O 5With V 2O 3Weight proportion be V 2O 51-3 part, V 2O 31-3 part.
Used aluminium, iron adopt respectively aluminum shot and abrasive grit in bed material and the major ingredient.Lime can reduce liquidus temperature and the viscosity of slag in the bed material, and iron and vanadium generate vanadium iron and fall low-alloyed fusing point.
In the production preferably with V 2O 3Make pelletizing, so processing can solve V 2O 3Density is littler, adopts powdery V 2O 3It is more serious to volatilize during smelting, affects the technical problem of vanadium smelting direct yield, and the pelletizing granularity is: 1mm~10mm, the pelletizing surface should be loose porous, has certain intensity, can not efflorescence behind the batch mixing.
Add viscosity and the liquidus temperature that fluorite can reduce slag in the major ingredient, improve the smelting recovery of vanadium, the addition of fluorite is the 10%-25% of aluminium amount, and granularity is 5mm~40mm.
Step B at first added bed material and smelts at the smelting initial stage, utilized the thermite reaction heat production, made it form the molten bath at burner hearth bottom, was beneficial to subsequent reactions;
Adopt the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining during step D refining, and bottom electrode energising striking insulation.The Al-Ca-Fe alloy that adds is refining agent, the Al-Ca-Fe alloy chemical ingredients by weight percentage: Al 45%~60%, Ca 15%~35%, surplus are iron and impurity; Foreign matter content is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, impurity granularity are 1-3mm.The Al-Ca-Fe alloy granularity is controlled to be 1mm-40mm, if granularity is excessive, speed of response is slower, if undersized, scaling loss is bigger, and preferably its mean particle size is that the Al-Ca-Fe alloy of 5-30mm is preferable.The consumption of Al-Ca-Fe alloy too much can cause waste simultaneously, easily increases production cost, and consumption is very few, then affects the smelting recovery of vanadium, and the addition of general aluminium calcium iron is the 2%-6% of aluminum shot addition by weight.
Come out of the stove after smelting end, reverse mould, cooling, the shrend alloy namely gets the high vanadium ferroalloy finished product through conventional treatment processes such as break-iron, fragmentation, screenings again, and the vanadium smelting rate of recovery is up to more than 96%.
Embodiment 1
1, bed material proportioning: 75Kg V 2O 5, 38.5Kg Al, 17.5Kg CaO, 10Kg Fe, bed material adds up to 141Kg.
2, major ingredient proportioning: 400Kg V 2O 5, 175Kg V 2O 3, 265Kg aluminum shot, 125Kg CaO, 50Kg CaF 2, 80Kg abrasive grit, 10Kg refining agent Al-Ca-Fe alloy.
Wherein, the chemical ingredients of Al-Ca-Fe alloy is by weight being Al 55%, and Ca 25%, and surplus is iron and impurity.The foreign matter content of aluminium calcium iron is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, granularity 1-10mm.
3, technical process: at first with V 2O 3Briquetting is then with aluminum shot, V 2O 5And V 2O 3Pelletizing, iron, lime, fluorite are raw material, adopt electro-aluminothermic process to smelt high vanadium ferroalloy.
A, smelting initial stage add bed material, with the magnesium chips striking of lighting or switch on, adopt thermit reaction to produce high vanadium ferroalloy, this reaction is violent, and is very fast in burner hearth bottom formation molten bath, behind reacting balance, namely add continuously major ingredient in stove, adjust blanking velocity, the assurance reaction in furnace is steadily carried out by self-heating.
After B, furnace charge added, decline electrode and the striking of switching on added the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining, the about 20min of simultaneously energising insulation, the smelting recovery of raising vanadium iron.
C, slag and alloy come out of the stove simultaneously after smelt finishing and pour ingot mould into, water filling is cooled off behind the about 30min of ingot mould cooling, and the shrend alloy is again through break-iron, fragmentation, screening, packing acquisition finished product.
Above-mentioned furnace charge obtains grade and is 79.8% FeV80 alloy 465Kg, alloy carbon content 0.08%, the residual vanadium 0.76% of lean slag, the vanadium smelting rate of recovery 97.1% after smelting.
Embodiment 2
1, bed material proportioning: 75Kg V 2O 5, 38.5Kg Al, 17.5Kg CaO, 10Kg Fe.Bed material adds up to 141Kg.
2, major ingredient proportioning: 300Kg V 2O 5, 300Kg V 2O 3, 260Kg aluminum shot, 123Kg CaO, 50Kg CaF 2, 85Kg abrasive grit, 10Kg refining agent aluminium calcium iron.
Wherein, the chemical ingredients of Al-Ca-Fe alloy is by weight being Al 55%, and Ca 22%, and surplus is iron and impurity.The foreign matter content of aluminium calcium iron is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, granularity 1-10mm.
3, technical process is substantially with embodiment 1, and different is, when adding major ingredient continuously in stove, if the self-heating deficiency needs the decline electrode striking additional heat of switching under low-power.After furnace charge adds, increase striking voltage, and add the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining, the about 25min of energising insulation.
Above-mentioned furnace charge obtains grade and is 80.2% FeV80 alloy 479Kg, alloy carbon content 0.08%, the residual vanadium 0.85% of lean slag, the vanadium smelting rate of recovery 96.8% after smelting.
Embodiment 3
1, bed material proportioning: 75Kg V 2O 5, 38.5Kg Al, 17.5Kg CaO, 10Kg Fe, bed material adds up to 141Kg.
2, major ingredient proportioning: 240Kg V 2O 5, 360Kg V 2O 3, 230Kg aluminum shot, 110Kg CaO, 45KgCaF 2, 80Kg abrasive grit, 10Kg refining agent aluminium calcium iron.
Wherein, the chemical ingredients of Al-Ca-Fe alloy is by weight being Al 50%, and Ca 28%, and surplus is iron and impurity.The foreign matter content of aluminium calcium iron is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.1%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%, granularity 1-3mm.
3, technical process is substantially with embodiment 2, and is same, when adding major ingredient continuously in stove, if the self-heating deficiency needs the decline electrode striking additional heat of switching under low-power.After furnace charge adds, increase striking voltage, and add the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining, the about 25min of energising insulation.
Above-mentioned furnace charge obtains grade and is 80.1% FeV80 alloy 489Kg, alloy carbon content 0.10%, the residual vanadium 0.86% of lean slag, the vanadium smelting rate of recovery 96.6% after smelting.
The technology of the present invention is simple, and on-the-spot transformation process is convenient, and feasibility is strong, and application prospect is wide.

Claims (8)

1. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
A, preparation bed material and major ingredient;
B, smelting initial stage, at first add bed material and smelt;
C, behind the bed material reacting balance, add major ingredient again;
D, refining;
Wherein, bed material is V 2O 5, aluminium, lime, iron, weight proportion is: V 2O 56.5-8.5 part, aluminium 3.5-4 part, lime 1.5-2 part, iron 0.75-1.5 part;
Major ingredient is V 2O 3, aluminium, V 2O 5, iron, lime, fluorite, weight proportion is: V 2O 520-40 part, aluminium 23-28 part, V 2O 315-40 part, iron 8-9 part, lime 10-13 part, fluorite 4-5 part.
2. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: with the V in the major ingredient 2O 3Make pelletizing, the pelletizing granularity is: 1mm~10mm.
3. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: V in the described major ingredient of steps A 2O 5With V 2O 3Weight proportion be: V 2O 51-3 part, V 2O 31-3 part.
4. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: steps A bed material weight proportion is: V 2O 57.5 part, 3.85 parts in aluminium, 1.75 parts in lime, 1 part of iron.
5. according to the smelting process of each described high vanadium ferroalloy of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: adopt the Al-Ca-Fe alloy refining during step D refining, and lower electrode energising striking.
6. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described Al-Ca-Fe alloy chemical ingredients by weight percentage: Al45%~60%, Ca15%~35%, surplus are iron and impurity; Foreign matter content is controlled to be: C≤0.05%, Si≤0.0%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, Mn≤0.2%.
7. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the described Al-Ca-Fe alloy granularity of step D is 1-30mm.
8. the smelting process of high vanadium ferroalloy according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the described Al-Ca-Fe alloy add-on of step D is counted the 2%-6% of aluminum shot add-on by weight.
CN2009103124787A 2009-12-29 2009-12-29 Method for smelting high vanadium ferrovanadium Expired - Fee Related CN101724751B (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102002585A (en) * 2010-11-15 2011-04-06 中南大学 Method for producing vanadium iron with stone-like coal pickle liquor
CN102115821A (en) * 2010-09-13 2011-07-06 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 Method for smelting ferrovanadium
CN103045928A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-17 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 Method for producing ferrovanadium by aluminothermic process
CN106216645A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-14 成都工业学院 The method of ferrocolumbium casting dealuminzation
CN106350675A (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-25 东北大学 Preparation method of high-quality AlV55 alloy
CN106350674A (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-25 东北大学 Preparation method of high-quality AlV85 alloy
CN107354327A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-11-17 湖南众鑫新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of high-efficient production technology of high vanadium ferroalloy
CN107354328A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-11-17 湖南众鑫新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of middle vanadium iron production technology
CN107964599A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-04-27 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The vanadium iron smelting process of vanadium yield can be improved
CN114293088A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-04-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy

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RU2166556C1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2001-05-10 ОАО "Нижнетагильский металлургический комбинат" Method of ferrovanadium smelting
CN1138864C (en) * 2000-09-21 2004-02-18 攀枝花攀宏钒制品有限公司 V2O3 electro-aluminothermic process for semelting FeV50

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102115821A (en) * 2010-09-13 2011-07-06 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 Method for smelting ferrovanadium
CN102115821B (en) * 2010-09-13 2013-01-23 攀钢集团钢铁钒钛股份有限公司 Method for smelting ferrovanadium
CN102002585A (en) * 2010-11-15 2011-04-06 中南大学 Method for producing vanadium iron with stone-like coal pickle liquor
CN102002585B (en) * 2010-11-15 2013-03-13 中南大学 Method for producing vanadium iron with stone-like coal pickle liquor
CN103045928A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-04-17 攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司 Method for producing ferrovanadium by aluminothermic process
CN106350675A (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-25 东北大学 Preparation method of high-quality AlV55 alloy
CN106350674A (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-25 东北大学 Preparation method of high-quality AlV85 alloy
CN106216645A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-12-14 成都工业学院 The method of ferrocolumbium casting dealuminzation
CN107354327A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-11-17 湖南众鑫新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of high-efficient production technology of high vanadium ferroalloy
CN107354328A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-11-17 湖南众鑫新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of middle vanadium iron production technology
CN107964599A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-04-27 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 The vanadium iron smelting process of vanadium yield can be improved
CN107964599B (en) * 2017-11-30 2020-02-04 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Straight-barrel furnace ferrovanadium smelting method capable of improving vanadium yield
CN114293088A (en) * 2021-11-17 2022-04-08 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy

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