CN114293088A - Method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy - Google Patents
Method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- PTXMVOUNAHFTFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;vanadium Chemical compound [AlH3].[V] PTXMVOUNAHFTFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007133 aluminothermic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, and discloses a method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out 100 parts of vanadium flakes, vanadium-aluminum residual alloy, scrap iron and lime according to the weight ratio: 110-150: 28-48: 5-15, mixing to obtain a mixture; (2) transferring the mixture into a smelting furnace for arc starting smelting; and then adding a refining agent for refining, and then cooling and separating to obtain the ferrovanadium alloy and ferrovanadium smelting slag. The method uses the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy to replace pure aluminum to be used as a reducing agent for smelting, overcomes the problem of splashing caused by severe aluminothermic reaction, improves the field operation environment and improves the smelting recovery rate; reduce V2O5The addition amount reduces the generation of slag amount, improves the dynamic condition of chemical reaction in the smelting process, effectively reduces the TV content in the slag,the recovery rate of vanadium is improved; the resource utilization rate of the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to a method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy.
Background
Vanadium iron alloy is used as a common alloy additive in the steel industry, vanadium can perform chemical combination reaction with carbon and nitrogen in steel to generate fine and hard carbides and nitrides, and the compounds can play a role in refining steel structure and crystal grains and improve the coarsening temperature of the crystal grains, so that the overheating sensitivity is reduced, and the strength, the toughness and the wear resistance of steel are obviously improved.
At present, vanadium iron alloy smelting can be divided into the following steps according to different reducing agents: the carbothermic, silicothermic and aluminothermic processes are supplemented with an electric heating device in view of insufficient heat of reaction and maintenance of the temperature of the reaction system. Under the influence of environmental protection and ferrovanadium quality, the production of ferrovanadium by an electro-aluminothermic process has become mainstream at present, and the process comprises two processes of a straight-barrel furnace one-step method and a tilting furnace multi-stage method, wherein the processes can be divided into uniform aluminum distribution and gradient aluminum distribution according to different material preparation modes, and the adopted vanadium-containing raw material is V2O3And V2O5Two kinds of materials are added with iron chips, aluminum and lime.
At present, the vanadium-aluminum alloy is produced by adopting an external aluminothermic method, the phenomena of serious splashing and low alloy yield can be caused, a large amount of unqualified products can be produced, and part of fine powder can be produced in the crushing process, and the fine powder is collectively called vanadium-aluminum residual alloy. Part of the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy can be used for smelting in a return furnace, but the consumption is limited, so the resource utilization of the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is one of the technical problems which need to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field, otherwise, a large amount of waste and environmental pollution are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to further improve the yield of ferrovanadium, overcome the problems that the ferrovanadium smelting process is easy to generate splashing, a smelting furnace is easy to be corroded, the resource utilization rate of residual vanadium-aluminum alloy is low and the like in the prior art, and provide a method for smelting FeV80 by using the residual vanadium-aluminum alloy.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the vanadium flakes, the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy, the scrap iron and the lime according to the weight ratio of 100: 110-150: 28-48: 5-15, mixing to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a smelting furnace for arc starting smelting; and then adding a refining agent for refining, and then cooling and separating to obtain the ferrovanadium alloy and ferrovanadium smelting slag.
Preferably, in the step (1), the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is unqualified products generated in the vanadium-aluminum alloy production process and fine powder generated in the crushing process;
preferably, the vanadium-aluminum alloy is AlV55 or AlV 65.
Preferably, in the step (1), the content of vanadium in the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is 50-70 wt%, and the content of aluminum is 27-49 wt%.
Preferably, in the step (2), the smelting time per ton of the mixture is 11-14 min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the refining agent is a mixture of aluminum powder and lime.
Preferably, in the step (2), the weight ratio of the aluminum powder to the lime in the refining agent is 1: 1.1-1.5.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the refining agent to the flake vanadium is 5-10: 100.
Preferably, in the step (2), the refining time per ton of the mixture is 3.5-4.5min, and the refining temperature is 1900-2100 ℃.
Preferably, in step (2), the cooling time is 20-30 h.
Preferably, the smelting furnace is a straight-tube furnace.
In the method, the residual vanadium-aluminum alloy is used for replacing pure aluminum to be used as a reducing agent for smelting FeV80, so that the problem of splashing caused by severe thermite reaction is solved, the field operation environment is improved, and the ferrovanadium smelting recovery rate is improved; the reducing agent carries a part of vanadium, and V is reduced2O5The addition amount is reduced, the generation of slag amount is reduced, the dynamic condition of chemical reaction in the smelting process is improved, the content of TV in slag can be effectively reduced, and the recovery rate of vanadium is improved; the resource utilization rate of the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is improved, the cost is saved, and the pollution is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides a method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the vanadium flakes, the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy, the scrap iron and the lime according to the weight ratio of 100: 110-150: 28-48: 5-15, mixing to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a smelting furnace for arc starting smelting; and then adding a refining agent for refining, and then cooling and separating to obtain the ferrovanadium alloy and ferrovanadium smelting slag.
In the invention, in the step (1), the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is unqualified products generated in the vanadium-aluminum alloy production process and fine powder generated in the crushing process.
In a preferred embodiment, the vanadium-aluminium alloy is VAl55 or VAl 65.
More preferably, the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy contains 50-70 wt% of vanadium and 27-49 wt% of aluminum
In particular embodiments, the weight ratio of the flake vanadium to the vanadium aluminum residual alloy may be 100:110, 100:115, 100:120, 100:125, 100:130, 100:135, 100:140, 100:145, or 100: 150; the weight ratio of the vanadium flakes to the iron filings can be 100:28, 100:30, 100:32, 100:34, 100:36, 100:38, 100:40, 100:42, 100:44, 100:46, or 100: 48; the weight ratio of the vanadium flake to the lime can be 100:5, 100:11, 100:12, 100:13, 100:14, or 100: 15.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight of the mix is 0.5 to 100 tons. Further preferably 1-20 tons.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the smelting time per ton of the mixture is 11-14min, and more preferably 13 min.
In the present invention, the refining agent may be injected into the smelting furnace using an injection system. In a preferred embodiment, the furnace body can be rotated in advance, and then the refining agent is added, so that the refining agent can be uniformly added into the smelting furnace body.
In a preferred embodiment, the lining used in the smelting furnace is a magnesia lining.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the refining agent is a mixture of aluminum powder and lime.
Further preferably, in the step (2), the weight ratio of the aluminum powder to the lime in the refining agent is 1: 1.1-1.5. Specifically, the weight ratio of the aluminum powder to the lime in the refining agent can be 1:1.1, 1:1.2, 1:1.3, 1:1.4 or 1: 1.5.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the refining agent to the flake vanadium is 5-10: 100. Specifically, the weight ratio of the refining agent to the flake vanadium may be 5:100, 6:100, 7:100, 8:100, 9:100, or 10: 100.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step (2), the refining time per ton of the mixture is 3.5-4.5min, and the refining temperature is 1900-. Specifically, the refining temperature may be 1900 deg.C, 1950 deg.C, 2000 deg.C, 2050 deg.C or 2100 deg.C.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (2), the cooling time is 20 to 30 hours. Most preferably 24 h. Specifically, it may be 20h, 21h, 22h, 23h, 24h, 25h, 26h, 27h, 28h, 29h or 30 h.
In a preferred embodiment, the smelting furnace is a straight tube furnace.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The following examples used vanadium-aluminum scrap alloys as the off-grade products collected during the production of AlV55 alloy and AlV65 alloy and as the fines generated during the crushing, the main components of which are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| V/weight% | Al/weight% | Inevitable impurities per weight% | |
| AlV55 residual alloy | 50-60 | 37-49 | Balance of |
| AlV65 residual alloy | 60-70 | 27-39 | Balance of |
Example 1
(1) 3226kg of sheet vanadium, 3548kg of AlV55 residual alloy, 940kg of scrap iron and 161kg of lime are mixed to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a straight-barrel furnace (the furnace lining is magnesium oxide) for arc starting smelting, wherein the smelting time is 88 min; rotating the furnace body, then adding 160kg of refining agent (obtained by mixing aluminum powder and lime in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5) by using a blowing system for refining, maintaining the temperature of the system at 1900 ℃ by using electrode heating in the refining process, wherein the refining time is 28min, then transferring the straight-tube furnace to a cooling area for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 20h, and then separating to obtain a ferrovanadium alloy cake A1 and ferrovanadium smelting slag B1.
Example 2
(1) Mixing 3230kg of vanadium tablets, 4199kg of AlV55 residual alloy, 1030kg of scrap iron and 226kg of lime to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a straight-barrel furnace (the furnace lining is magnesium oxide) for arc starting smelting, wherein the smelting time is 96 min; rotating the furnace body, then adding 180 refining agents (obtained by mixing aluminum powder and lime in a weight ratio of 1: 1.3) by using a blowing system for refining, maintaining the temperature of the system at 2000 ℃ by using electrode heating in the refining process, wherein the refining time is 32min, then transferring the straight tube furnace to a cooling area for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 24h, and then separating to obtain a ferrovanadium alloy cake A2 and ferrovanadium smelting slag B2.
Example 3
(1) Mixing 3235kg of sheet vanadium, 4205kg of AlV65 residual alloy, 1136kg of scrap iron and 324kg of lime to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a straight-barrel furnace (the furnace lining is magnesium oxide) for arc starting smelting, wherein the smelting time is 100 min; rotating the furnace body, then adding 170kg of refining agent (obtained by mixing aluminum powder and lime in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5) by using a blowing system for refining, using an electrode to heat and maintain the temperature of the system at 1950 ℃ in the refining process, wherein the refining time is 35min, then transferring the straight tube furnace to a cooling area for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 24h, and then separating to obtain a ferrovanadium cake A3 and ferrovanadium smelting slag B3.
Example 4
(1) Mixing 3232kg of sheet vanadium, 4525kg of AlV65 residual alloy, 1188kg of scrap iron and 485kg of lime to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) to a straight-barrel furnace (the furnace lining is magnesium oxide) for arc starting smelting, wherein the smelting time is 110 min; rotating the furnace body, then adding 200kg of refining agent (obtained by mixing aluminum powder and lime in a weight ratio of 1: 1.3) by using a blowing system for refining, using an electrode to heat and maintain the temperature of the system at 2150 ℃ in the refining process, wherein the refining time is 35min, then transferring the straight barrel furnace to a cooling area for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 28h, and then separating to obtain a ferrovanadium alloy cake A4 and ferrovanadium smelting slag B4.
Comparative example 1
(1) Mixing 4012kg of vanadium flakes, 1875kg of aluminum particles, 565kg of scrap iron and 452kg of lime to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a straight-tube furnace (the furnace lining is magnesium oxide) for arc starting smelting, wherein the smelting time is 90 min; rotating the furnace body, then adding 270kg of refining agent (obtained by mixing aluminum powder and lime in a weight ratio of 1: 1.5) by using a blowing system for refining, maintaining the temperature of the system at 1900 ℃ by using electrode heating in the refining process, wherein the refining time is 30min, then transferring the straight-tube furnace to a cooling area for cooling, wherein the cooling time is 20h, and then separating to obtain a ferrovanadium alloy cake and ferrovanadium smelting slag.
Test example 1
The main components of the alloys obtained in the examples were measured by a fluorescence content measuring method, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
From the results in table 2, it can be seen that FeV80 alloy can be successfully prepared by the method of the present invention.
Test example 2
The main components of the ferrovanadium smelting slag obtained in the examples and the comparative examples were measured by a fluorescent substance content measuring method, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
| Al2O3Per weight percent | MgO/weight% | CaO/weight% | V/weight% | |
| Example 1 | 72 | 11 | 13 | 1.1 |
| Example 2 | 73 | 10 | 15 | 1.3 |
| Example 3 | 74 | 12 | 12 | 1.0 |
| Example 4 | 75 | 9 | 13 | 0.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 65 | 20 | 12 | 1.5 |
The results in Table 3 show that the vanadium-aluminum alloy is used for replacing pure aluminum to be used as a reducing agent for smelting FeV80 alloy, the recovery rate of vanadium can be further improved, and the MgO content in slag is obviously reduced, which indicates that the smelting by the method can reduce the corrosion to the furnace lining.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for smelting FeV80 by using vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the vanadium flakes, the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy, the scrap iron and the lime according to the weight ratio of 100: 110-150: 28-48: 5-15, mixing to obtain a mixture;
(2) transferring the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a smelting furnace for arc starting smelting; and then adding a refining agent for refining, and then cooling and separating to obtain the ferrovanadium alloy and ferrovanadium smelting slag.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is unqualified products generated in the vanadium-aluminum alloy production process and fine powder generated in the crushing process;
preferably, the vanadium-aluminum alloy is AlV55 or AlV 65.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (1), the vanadium content in the vanadium-aluminum residual alloy is 50-70 wt%, and the aluminum content is 27-49 wt%.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the time per ton of the mix is 11-14 min.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the refining agent is a mixture of aluminum powder and lime.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the weight ratio of the aluminum powder to the lime in the refining agent is 1: 1.1-1.5.
7. The method of claim 1 or 5, wherein the weight ratio of the refining agent to the flake vanadium is 5-10: 100.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the time for refining per ton of the mixture is 3.5-4.5min, and the refining temperature is 1900-.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the cooling time is 20-30 h.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the smelting furnace is a straight-tube furnace.
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| CN110408779A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-05 | 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 | A method of the resource comprehensive utilization of solid waste containing vanadium utilizes |
| CN110373603A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-10-25 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | The method that vananum fine powder is used for vanadium iron spray refining |
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