Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the intelligent photovoltaic energy storage system can be applied to an intelligent photovoltaic energy storage system, the intelligent photovoltaic energy storage system can comprise a grid-connected inverter, an AC/DC switching power supply, a lithium battery charging and discharging controller, a lithium battery pack, a DC/AC inverter, a dual-power automatic conversion switch, a scheduling system and a photovoltaic module, an electric energy input port of the grid-connected inverter is respectively connected with an electric energy output port of the photovoltaic module and the lithium battery pack, a positive terminal of the lithium battery pack is connected with an electric energy positive input end of the grid-connected inverter through a forward diode, and a negative terminal of the lithium battery pack is connected with an electric energy negative input end of the grid-connected inverter through a relay K1 normally-open switch.
The electric energy output end of the grid-connected inverter is respectively connected with a power grid, a standby electric energy input end of a dual-power automatic conversion switch and an electric energy input end of an AC/DC switching power supply, the N end of the electric energy input end of the AC/DC switching power supply is connected with the N end of the electric energy output end of the grid-connected inverter through a relay K2 normally-open switch, and the L end of the electric energy input end of the AC/DC switching power supply is connected with the L end of the electric energy output end of the grid-connected inverter; and a control output port of the dispatching system is respectively connected with a control input port of the relay K1 and a control input port of the relay K2.
The electric energy output end of the AC/DC switching power supply is connected with a lithium battery pack through a lithium battery charging and discharging controller, the lithium battery pack is connected with the electric energy input end of the DC/AC inverter, the electric energy output end of the DC/AC inverter is connected with the common electric energy input end of the dual-power automatic conversion switch, and the load wiring end of the dual-power automatic conversion switch is connected with the household general electric brake.
The grid-connected inverter adopts an HP10000-148 type, the AC/DC switching power supply adopts an S-120-48 type switching power supply, the DC/AC inverter adopts a 48-500 type inverter, and the dual-power automatic conversion switch adopts a GCQ2-63 type automatic conversion switch.
The scheduling system comprises an STC89C52 MCU, wherein a pin 40 of the MCU is respectively connected with one end of a first resistor and one end of a second resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of a first PC817 chip, the negative electrode of the input end of the first PC817 chip is connected with a pin 32 of the MCU, the collector of the output end of the first PC817 chip is connected with the base electrode of a PNP triode Q1, the emitter of the triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of the control input port of the relay K1 and the anode of a first diode, the cathode of the first diode is respectively connected with the other end of the control input port of the relay K1 and a 5V power supply, and the collector of the triode Q1 and the emitter of the output end of the first PC817 chip are grounded.
The other end of the second resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of a second PC817 chip, the negative electrode of the input end of the second PC817 chip is connected with a pin 22 of the MCU, the collector of the output end of the second PC817 chip is connected with the base electrode of the PNP triode Q2, the emitter of the triode Q2 is respectively connected with one end of the control input port of the relay K2 and the anode of a second diode, the cathode of the second diode is respectively connected with the other end of the control input port of the relay K2 and a 5V power supply, and the collector of the triode Q2 and the emitter of the output end of the second PC817 chip are grounded.
Pins 14 and 15 of the MCU are correspondingly connected with pins 16 and 15 of an ESP-07 chip U7 respectively, pin 10 of the U7 is grounded through a third resistor, pin 9 of the U7 is grounded, pin 3 of the U7 is connected with a 3.3V power supply through a fourth resistor, and pin 8 of the U7 is connected with the 3.3V power supply.
The device can be controlled by a mobile phone APP, the device operates in a wifi internet state at home, U7 is a wifi module, and an STC89C52 MCU drives a triode Q1 (Q2) through an optocoupler PC817 to control the opening and closing K1 (K2) of a relay.
The lithium battery charge-discharge controller comprises a charge signal control part, a signal inverting part, a first charging path, a second charging path, a first switch part and a second switch part, the lithium battery pack comprises a first lithium battery part and a second lithium battery part, a control signal output port of the charge signal control part is respectively connected with a control signal input port of the first charging path and a control signal input port of the signal inverting part, and a control signal output port of the signal inverting part is connected with a control signal input port of the second charging path.
The control signal output port of the first path of charging is connected with the control signal input port of the first switch part, the electric energy input end of the first switch part is connected with the positive output end of the AC/DC switching power supply, the electric energy output end of the first switch part is respectively connected with the negative output end of the first lithium battery part and the negative electrode of the diode D25, the positive electrode of the diode D25 is grounded, the positive electrode end of the first lithium battery part is respectively connected with the negative output end of the AC/DC switching power supply and the positive electrode of the lithium battery pack, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack is grounded.
The control signal output port of the second charging path is connected with the control signal input port of the second switch part, the electric energy input end of the second switch part is connected with the output positive terminal of the AC/DC switch power supply, the electric energy output end of the second switch part is respectively connected with the negative terminal of the second lithium battery part and the cathode of the diode D26, the anode of the diode D26 is grounded, and the anode of the second lithium battery part is respectively connected with the output negative terminal of the AC/DC switch power supply and the positive terminal of the lithium battery pack.
The charging signal control part comprises an STM32F103C8T6 chip U1, wherein a pin 10 of the U1 is grounded through a resistor R76 and an address setting connector P3 in sequence, a pin 13 of the U1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and a pin 1 of an infrared receiving connector P2 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with a ground wire, a pin 2 of the infrared receiving connector P2 and one end of a capacitor C8 respectively, and the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with a pin 3 of the infrared receiving connector P2 and a 3.3V power supply respectively; the 14 pin of U1 is connected with 3.3V power supply through a forward diode D7, the 15 pin of U1 is connected with 3.3V power supply through a forward diode D6, the 16 pin of U1 is connected with 3.3V power supply through a forward diode D5, and the 17 pin of U1 is connected with 3.3V power supply through a forward diode D4.
The 5 feet of the U1 are respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C12 and one end of a crystal oscillator G1, the other end of the crystal oscillator G1 is respectively connected with the 6 feet of the U1 and one end of a capacitor C13, the other end of the capacitor C13 is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C12, the ground wire and the 1 foot of a MAX812 chip D14 through a resistor R11, 4 feet of the D14 are connected with a 3.3V power supply, 2 feet of the D14 are connected with 7 feet of the U1 through a resistor R15, 24 feet of the U1 are respectively connected with one end of an inductor L1, 36 feet of the U1, 48 feet of the U1, one end of an inductor L2, one end of a capacitor C14, one end of a capacitor C15 and one end of a capacitor C17, the other end of the capacitor C16 and the other end of the capacitor C18 are respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C16, one end of the capacitor C18 and the other end of the U1, and the other end of the capacitor C14, the other end of the capacitor C15, the other end of the capacitor C17, the other end of the capacitor C16 and the other end of the capacitor C18 are grounded.
A pin 18 of the U1 is respectively connected with a cathode of a diode D24, one end of a resistor R75, one end of a capacitor C33 and one end of a resistor R74, and an anode of the diode D24, the other end of the resistor R75 and the other end of the capacitor C33 are grounded; the other end of the resistor R74 is respectively connected with the positive electrode end of the lithium battery pack and the anode of the diode D3, the cathode of the diode D3 is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the capacitor C4, one end of the capacitor C5, the 3 pin of the HT7550-5 chip D1 and the 3 pin of the HT7550-5 chip D1, the cathode of the capacitor C4 and the other end of the capacitor C5 are grounded, the 1 pin of the D1-1 is respectively connected with the 1 pin of the D1, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10, one end of the resistor R1 and the anode of the capacitor C7, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 and the cathode of the capacitor C7 are grounded, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with the 2 pin of the D1, the 2 pin of the D1-1, one end of the bidirectional transient suppression diode VP1, the positive electrode of the capacitor C6, one end of the capacitor C2, the power supply VCC, the LM1117MPX-3.3 chip D2, the other end of the bidirectional transient suppression diode VP1, the cathode of the capacitor C6, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected with the 3V power supply, the positive electrode of the 3C 1, the capacitor C3C 1 and the other end of the capacitor C3.
The signal inverting part comprises an NPN triode VT17, the base electrode of the triode VT17 is connected with the 45 pin of the U1 through a resistor R17, the emitting electrode of the triode VT17 is grounded, and the collecting electrode of the triode VT17 is connected with a power supply VCC through a resistor R21.
The first switch part comprises N-channel enhancement type field effect transistors Q2, Q3, Q5 and Q6, wherein forward Zener diodes are connected between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q2, between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q3, between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q5 and between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q6.
The first charging path comprises a resistor R35, one end of the resistor R35 is connected with a pin 45 of the U1, the other end of the resistor R35 is connected with a base electrode of an NPN triode VT5, an emitting electrode of the triode VT5 is grounded, a collecting electrode of the triode VT5 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R18 and a base electrode of a PNP triode VT2 through a resistor R22, the emitting electrode of the triode VT2 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R18, a power supply VCC, one end of a resistor R19 and a collecting electrode of the NPN triode VT1, the base electrode of the triode VT1 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R19, the collecting electrode of the NPN triode VT3 and the base electrode of the PNP triode VT4, the base electrode of the triode VT3 is connected with a pin 30 of the U1 through a resistor R34, an emitting electrode of the triode VT3 is respectively connected with a ground wire, a collector electrode of the triode VT4 and one end of a resistor R36, an emitting electrode of the triode VT4 is respectively connected with an emitting electrode of the triode VT1, the other end of the resistor R36, one end of a resistor R50 and one end of a resistor R51, the other end of the resistor R50 is connected with a grid electrode of a field effect tube Q3, the other end of the resistor R51 is connected with a grid electrode of a field effect tube Q6, a source electrode of the field effect tube Q6 is respectively connected with a source electrode of the field effect tube Q3 and one end of a resistor R55, and the other end of the resistor R55 is respectively connected with an anode of a diode D20, one end of a resistor R52, one end of a capacitor C28 and a negative electrode of a part of a first lithium battery; the cathode of the diode D20 is connected with one end of the resistor R52, one end of the resistor C28, one end of the resistor R44 and one end of the resistor R8 respectively, the other end of the resistor R44 is connected with one end of the resistor R42 and the anode of the diode D21 respectively, and the other end of the resistor R42 is connected with the positive end of the first lithium battery part.
The other end of the resistor R8 is connected with one end of a capacitor C10 and one end of a resistor R12 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C10 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with one end of the resistor R10 and a pin 3 of an LM258AD chip U2A respectively, the other end of the resistor R10 is connected with one end of a resistor R2 and one end of a resistor R3 respectively, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with a power supply VCC; pin 2 of U2A is connected with one end of a resistor R9, one end of a resistor R13 and one end of a capacitor C20 respectively, and the other end of the resistor R9 is grounded; the other end of the capacitor C20 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R13, the pin 1 of the U2A and one end of the resistor R14, the pin 8 of the U2A is respectively connected with the power supply VCC and one end of the capacitor C25, and the other end of the capacitor C25 is grounded; the other end of the resistor R14 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R16, one end of a capacitor C23 and the 14 pin of the U1, and the other end of the resistor R16 and the other end of the capacitor C23 are grounded.
The drain electrode of the field effect tube Q6 is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q3, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q2 and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q5, the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q5 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R47, one end of a resistor R49, the emitting electrode of an NPN triode VT7 and the emitting electrode of a PNP triode VT11 through a resistor R48, the other end of the resistor R47 is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q2, the other end of the resistor R49 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the field effect tube Q2, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q5, the collecting electrode of the triode VT11, the cathode of a diode D21, the emitting electrode of an NPN triode VT9, one end of a resistor R54, the anode of a diode D17, the cathode of a capacitor C26, one end of a bidirectional transient suppression diode VP2 and the positive electrode of an AC/DC switching power supply output, the base electrode of the triode VT11 is respectively connected with the base electrode of the triode VT7, one end of a resistor R41 and the collector electrode of the triode VT9, the other end of the resistor R41 is respectively connected with the collector electrode of the triode VT7, the cathode of a diode D17, the anode of a capacitor C26, one end of a resistor R37 and one end of a resistor R43, the other end of the resistor R43 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R37 and the cathode of a diode D16, and the anode of the diode D16 is connected with the other end of a bidirectional transient suppression diode VP2 and the positive electrode of a first lithium battery part; the base electrode of the triode VT9 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R54 and one end of the resistor R23, and the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with the collector electrode of the triode VT2 through the backward diode D13.
The second switch part comprises N-channel enhancement type field effect transistors Q10, Q12, Q9 and Q11, wherein forward Zener diodes are connected between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q10, between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q12, between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q9 and between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the field effect transistor Q11.
The second charging path comprises a resistor R25, one end of the resistor R25 is connected with a collector of a triode VT17, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with a base of an NPN triode VT18, an emitting electrode of the triode VT18 is grounded, the collector of the triode VT18 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R27 and a base of a PNP triode VT19 through a resistor R30, the emitting electrode of the triode VT19 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R27, a power supply VCC, one end of a resistor R63 and a collector of the NPN triode VT24, the base of the triode VT24 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R63, the collector of the NPN triode VT21 and the base of the PNP triode VT25, the base of the triode VT21 is connected with a pin 30 of the U1 through a resistor 61, the emitting electrode of the triode VT21 is respectively connected with a ground wire, the collector of the triode VT25 and one end of a resistor R68, the emitting electrode of the triode VT25 is respectively connected with the emitting electrode of the triode VT24, the other end of the resistor R68, one end of the resistor R69 and one end of the resistor R70, the other end of the resistor R69 and the resistor R70, the other end of the resistor R69 is connected with a gate of the field effect tube Q12, the source of the field effect tube Q11 is respectively connected with the source of the field effect tube Q12 and the negative electrode of the lithium battery R71, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery R71 of the lithium battery is connected with the lithium battery 71.
The drain electrode of the field effect tube Q11 is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q12, the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q10 and the drain electrode of the field effect tube Q9, the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q10 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R65, one end of a resistor R67, the emitting electrode of an NPN triode VT23 and the emitting electrode of a PNP triode VT22 through a resistor R66, the other end of the resistor R67 is connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q9, the other end of the resistor R65 is respectively connected with the source electrode of the field effect tube Q10, the source electrode of the field effect tube Q9, the collecting electrode of the triode VT22, the emitting electrode of the NPN triode VT20, one end of a resistor R59, the anode of a diode D28, the cathode of a capacitor C27, one end of a bidirectional transient suppression diode VP3 and the output positive electrode of an AC/DC switching power supply, the base electrode of the triode VT23 is respectively connected with the base electrode of the triode VT22, one end of the resistor R62 and the collecting electrode of the triode VT20, the other end of the resistor R62 is respectively connected with the collecting electrode of the triode VT23, the cathode of the diode D28, the cathode of the resistor D27, one end of the resistor R31 and one end of the resistor R33 are respectively connected with the positive electrode of the bidirectional transient suppression diode VP3, and the other end of the bidirectional transient suppression diode D27, and the lithium battery VP 3; the base electrode of the triode VT20 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R59 and one end of the resistor R45, and the other end of the resistor R45 is connected with the collector electrode of the triode VT19 through the backward diode D15.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 7, the PWM2 signal, two groups (the first path for charging and the second path for charging) are common, and the MOS transistor circuit (Q3/Q6, Q11/Q12) controlled by the PWM2 signal is equivalent to the master gate for charging, and as long as the MOS transistor circuit is closed, no matter what PWM1 is, the charging cannot be performed.
Q2/Q5 and Q9/Q10 work in opposite states because they are controlled by two signals with opposite phases.
The PWM1 is the main control signal, but because the storage battery is divided into two groups, and the two groups are charged respectively under one PWM signal, one path of control signal needs to be inverted by a triode.
The electricity generated by the solar cell panel is transmitted to a national power grid through the grid-connected inverter, and the national power grid has a lot of abandoned electricity due to low electricity consumption at night, and most of the abandoned electricity comes from thermal power plants, wind energy, nuclear power plants and the like. Therefore, after eleven points at night, an instruction can be sent to the dispatching system (the system is connected with wifi of a family) through the mobile phone app, the dispatching system is enabled to close K2, and electric energy which is wasted is stored in the lithium battery pack through the AC/DC voltage-stabilizing switching power supply and the lithium battery charging and discharging controller.
When the electricity consumption in daytime is high, such as 9-16 points, an instruction is sent to the dispatching system through the mobile phone app, the switch K1 is closed, the lithium battery pack also supplies power to a national power grid through the grid-connected inverter, and users can benefit from the difference between the price of electricity abandoning and the price of electricity generation. For example, the grid-connected inverter has a capacity of 8000W, and if the lithium battery can generate electricity for 4 hours, it is 32 degrees. The more households are provided with the system, the more obvious the benefit is, because the charging and discharging of the abandoned power can be uniformly controlled.
If when daytime the power consumption peak, the family also uses electricity, then dual supply automatic transfer switch then keeps normal condition, even with the electric energy that lithium cell group sent out through ordinary dc-to-ac converter, abandon the electricity when more night, automatic transfer switch can jump, jumps to reserve zero line live wire from commonly used zero line live wire, realizes seamless power switching, supplies with the household power consumption.
It should be understood that the detailed description of the present invention is only for illustrating the present invention and is not limited by the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can be modified or substituted equally to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, the method is within the protection scope of the invention.