CN107065004B - Micro-motion stage array layout device - Google Patents
Micro-motion stage array layout device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107065004B CN107065004B CN201710227949.9A CN201710227949A CN107065004B CN 107065004 B CN107065004 B CN 107065004B CN 201710227949 A CN201710227949 A CN 201710227949A CN 107065004 B CN107065004 B CN 107065004B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/20—Arrangements of receiving elements, e.g. geophone pattern
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Abstract
A micro-motion stage array layout device comprises a fixed bracket, a rotary platform and a distance measuring device; the rotary platform consists of a circular framework, an equilateral triangle framework I and an equilateral triangle framework II, wherein the equilateral triangle framework I is internally connected with the circular framework, and the equilateral triangle framework II is internally connected with the equilateral triangle framework I; the rotary platform is fixed on the fixed bracket; the distance measuring device comprises a plurality of laser distance measuring devices which are arranged on the circular framework at equal intervals. When the detector is used, the position coordinates of each detector point do not need to be calculated in advance, the detector point is basically not influenced by weather phenomena such as barriers, wind and the like, the layout accuracy is higher, the layout efficiency is high, and the detector is fixed and laid by only one person and is not limited by the layout scale.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to an exploration method based on micro-motion and layout of a micro-motion observation system.
Background
Inching is one of the methods of geophysical prospecting. Micro-movements come from various activities in nature and humans; natural wind, tide, volcanic activity and the like can vibrate; the operation of a human train, an automobile, a machine, etc. may generate vibrations, and even the walking of a human may generate vibrations. All of these vibrations propagate far in the form of bulk waves as well as surface waves, where the surface wave energy accounts for more than 70% of the total energy of the signal. The exploration method based on micro motion is to extract the dispersion information of the surface wave from the collected micro motion data and infer the speed structure of the underground medium.
The micro-motion observation system is a system formed by arranging detectors (sensors) when geophysical field exploration works are carried out, such as a micro-motion stage array shown in figure 1 of the specification. The inverted triangle in the figure is the position where the detector points need to be placed, and a total of 7 detectors need to be placed, and the center point is determined first, and then the other points are determined according to the spatial position relationship shown in the figure. The triangle may have sides of 5 meters, or 40 meters, or even more.
One conventional way of determining the position of each geophone is to use a measuring rope, which is also the most straightforward and simplest method of laying the geophones in the field. The positions of all points are determined through geometric relations, first, the center point is determined, the relative angles and distances between other points and the center point are calculated in advance, and then the detector is laid by using rope straightening. The method is simple in principle, but has obvious defects: (1) The relative position coordinates of all the wave detection points need to be calculated in advance, and the operation is complex; (2) The field pulling measuring rope is easily affected by obstacles such as branches, weeds and the like and wind blowing, and the measuring rope is not pulled straight, so that inaccurate measuring point positions are caused, and the accuracy is low; and (3) at least 3 people are needed to match, and the field distribution efficiency is extremely low.
The application patent 201010228958.8 discloses a precise positioning method for array layout. The application relates to the field of micro-motion exploration or other engineering vibration testing, in particular to a precise positioning method and device for array layout. The direct positioning process of the target point is divided into two processes of positioning three control points near the target point and positioning the target point under the control of the three control points. The former adopts a GPS static baseline measuring method, the latter adopts a measuring tape measuring method, and the advantages of the former and the latter are combined to realize a precise, simple and reliable method. The application also relates to two positioning devices for realizing the method, which comprise a microprocessor, a single-frequency measurement type GPS module, an input unit, a memory and a display screen, wherein one positioning device is used for observing a reference point, has the functions of storing and reading GPS data, the other positioning device is used for mobile observation, and also has the functions of setting a target point and displaying a graph. It should be noted that although the technical scheme and the exploration method used by the application are all "inching", the exploration scale is obviously different. The technical scheme is used by the seismic bureau for large-scale geological investigation, so that the side length of the array (corresponding to the side length of the triangle in the drawing of the specification) is hundreds of meters or even kilometers. When the micro-motion stage array is laid in the large scale range, the requirement can be met by using the GPS for positioning, but when the engineering micro-motion stage array is laid, the laying time of each laying point is counted in minutes (in hours in large scale), if the GPS is still used for positioning, a series of operation flows such as GPS star searching, X coordinate position correction, Y coordinate position correction and the like are required to be carried out, a great deal of time is consumed, the relative error of the GPS in the small scale range is increased, and the accuracy is reduced when an obstacle exists in cloudy days or in the air.
Therefore, in the micro-motion-based exploration method in the technical field of geophysical exploration, a platform array layout method which is simple and convenient to operate, higher in layout precision and efficiency and applicable to various exploration scales is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the application provides a micro-motion stage array layout device which can solve the following technical problems: (1) The operation is simple and convenient, the position coordinates of each wave detection point are not required to be calculated in advance, and only the distance between each wave detection point and the center point is required to be calculated; (2) The layout accuracy is high, and the influence of obstacles or weather is avoided; (3) The array layout efficiency is high, and fewer people are needed for locating points and arranging detectors; (4) adapting to various dimensions with different sizes.
The scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a micro-motion stage array layout device is characterized in that: comprises a fixed bracket, a rotary platform and a distance measuring device; the rotary platform consists of a circular framework and a supporting framework which is inscribed in the circular framework; the rotary platform is fixed on the fixed bracket; the distance measuring device comprises a plurality of distance measuring units which are arranged on the circular framework of the rotary platform at equal intervals.
The distance measuring device can be a laser distance measuring device, and each distance measuring unit comprises a laser distance measuring probe and a reflector matched with the laser distance measuring probe.
The distance measuring device can also be a distance measuring steel wire, and the distance measuring steel wire can automatically shrink to enable the steel wire to move along the direction far away from the center point until reaching a preset distance, so that the position of the arrangement point is determined.
The ranging device can further comprise a laser ranging device and ranging steel wires, each ranging unit comprises a laser ranging probe, a reflector plate and a ranging steel wire, the reflector plate and the ranging steel wire are matched with the laser ranging probe, the ranging steel wire can automatically shrink, the steel wire moves along the laser rays in the direction away from the central point until reaching a preset distance, and therefore the position of the arranged point is determined.
The laser ranging probe is a laser ranging probe capable of emitting laser in two directions, and a vertical connecting rod for correcting the direction of the laser ranging probe is arranged at the center of the circular framework.
The laser ranging device can also comprise a display screen, a honeycomb alarm and a storage battery; the display screen is used for displaying the ranging result information; when the ranging result meets the requirement, the cellular alarm prompts an alarm; the laser ranging device is powered by a storage battery; the fixed support is specifically a triangular support.
The lower part of the reflecting plate is provided with a connecting rod which is grounded, and the height can be adjusted in a telescopic way through the connecting rod.
Besides, the distance measuring device can also be an RTK (Real-time differential positioning) base station and a mobile station matched with the RTK base station; and fixing the RTK base station on a central point, setting the coordinates of the central point to be (0, 0), inputting the calculated relative coordinates of the six lattice points into the mobile station, finding the positions of the six points through the mobile station, and determining the positions of the arranged points.
The application also relates to a method for micro-motion array layout by using the micro-motion array layout device, which comprises the following steps:
the first step: placing a fixed support on a survey point, wherein the center of the fixed support and the survey point are on a plumb line;
and a second step of: placing the rotary platform on a fixed bracket, and adjusting and fixing the rotary platform;
and a third step of: and determining the layout point position through a distance measuring device.
The application also relates to a method for micro-array layout by using the micro-array layout device comprising the laser ranging device, which comprises the following steps:
the first step: using a tripod as a fixed support, placing the tripod on a survey point, and keeping the center of the top of the tripod and the survey point on a plumb line;
and a second step of: placing the rotary platform on the triangular bracket, adjusting the rotary platform until no obstacle exists in the direction pointed by each laser ranging probe, screwing a screw, and fixing the rotary platform;
and a third step of: turning on a power supply, enabling the laser ranging probe to bidirectionally emit laser rays, and finely adjusting the laser ranging probe to ensure that the rays emitted to the center of the rotary platform are converged on a vertical connecting rod arranged at the center of the rotary platform;
fourth step: the method comprises the steps that measurement work is started, a handheld reflector moves along the ray direction of a laser ranging probe to a direction far away from a central point, the laser ranging probe measures the distance between the position of the reflector and the central point in real time, the position of an arrangement point is determined, and the positions of six station array arrangement points are finally determined according to a fourth step.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that: the micro-motion stage array layout device well solves the common technical problems in the micro-motion stage array layout mentioned before: (1) The position coordinates of each wave detection point are not required to be calculated in advance, and the distance between each wave detection point and the center point is only required to be calculated, so that the operation is simpler and more convenient; (2) When the laser is used for ranging, when the obstacle is encountered, only the obstacle of the path through which the rays pass is removed, the influence of the obstacle is avoided basically, the influence of weather phenomena such as wind and the like is avoided, and the arrangement precision is higher; (3) The array layout efficiency is high, only one person is needed for fixing the point and arranging the detectors, the device is fixed at the central point, and the detectors are arranged at other points according to the positions measured by the laser; (4) The relative error of the position of the setting point can be ensured to be within an acceptable range under the size scale without being limited by the scale.
Drawings
Fig. 1: micro-motion stage array schematic diagram
Fig. 2: micro-motion stage array layout device using laser ranging
Fig. 3: main body schematic diagram of micro-motion stage array layout device
Fig. 4: schematic view of reflector
In the drawing of the specification, a triangular bracket 1, a rotary platform 2, a laser ranging device 3, a circular framework 4, a triangular framework I5, a triangular framework II 6, a reflecting plate 7, a plumb line 8, a vertical connecting rod 9 and a ranging steel wire 10
Detailed Description
The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, a micro-motion stage array layout device using laser ranging includes: the tripod 1 is used as a fixed support, the platform 2 is rotated, and the laser ranging device 3.
The triangular bracket 1 is used for fixing the whole device, the three brackets can be unfolded, folded and stretched, and the top of the triangular bracket 1 is provided with a plumb line 8 for aligning with a survey point.
The rotary platform 2 consists of a circular framework 4, an inscribed equilateral triangle framework I5 and an equilateral triangle framework II 6, wherein the equilateral triangle framework I5 inscribed circular framework 4, the equilateral triangle framework II 6 inscribed equilateral triangle framework I5, the radius of the circular framework 4 is 0.5 m, the rotary platform 2 is fixed on the triangular bracket 1 through a fixed screw, the center is provided with a horizontal bubble for leveling the platform, and the center is provided with a vertical connecting rod 9 for correcting the direction of the laser ranging probe. The equilateral triangle framework I5 and the equilateral triangle framework II 6 are used for supporting the circular framework 4, and the structures of the equilateral triangle framework I5 and the equilateral triangle framework II 6 are not limited to the structures of the equilateral triangles, and other structures capable of playing a supporting role can be used.
The laser ranging device 3 consists of a laser ranging probe, a display screen, a honeycomb alarm, a storage battery and a reflecting plate. The display screen, the cellular alarm and the laser probe are mounted together (not shown).
The laser ranging probe is preferably capable of bidirectionally emitting laser, is provided with a laser emitting device and a ranging sensor, and can meet the ranging requirement of 5-100 meters. The laser ranging probe is preferably arranged in a straight line in the outgoing direction of the laser which is emitted in two directions. The number of the laser ranging probes is more, preferably 6, and the laser ranging probes are arranged on the circular framework 4 of the rotary platform 2 at equal intervals. The laser ranging probe has the functions of measuring the distance between the position of the reflecting plate and the central point in real time when the array is arranged, displaying the distance value on a display screen in real time, and alarming by a honeycomb alarm when the preset distance is reached, and finally determining 6 array arrangement points according to the method.
The storage battery is a lithium battery, is positioned inside the rotary platform, can supply power for 6 laser ranging probes simultaneously, is designed to be detachable, and is convenient for engineering field work to replace the battery in time.
The lower part of the reflecting plate 7 is grounded by a connecting rod, the height can be adjusted in a telescopic way, and the reflecting plate 7 has high reflectivity, so that the working stability of the laser ranging probe in an outdoor high-light environment is improved.
The specific operation steps of using the laser ranging micro-array layout device for array layout are as follows:
the first step: the tripod 1 is placed on the survey point, and the center of the top of the tripod 1 and the survey point are kept on a plumb line.
And a second step of: the rotary platform 2 is placed on the triangular bracket 1, the rotary platform 2 is adjusted to be horizontal, the rotary platform is adjusted until no obstacle exists in the direction pointed by each laser ranging probe, and the rotary platform 2 is fixed by screwing a fixing screw.
And a third step of: the power supply is turned on, the laser ranging probe emits laser rays bidirectionally, the laser ranging probe is finely adjusted, and the rays emitted to the center of the rotary platform are guaranteed to be converged on the vertical connecting rod 9, and preferably converged on one point on the vertical connecting rod 9.
Fourth step: the method comprises the steps that measurement work is started, a handheld reflector moves along the ray direction of a laser ranging probe to a direction away from a central point, the laser ranging probe measures the distance between the position of the reflector and the central point in real time, a distance value is displayed on a display screen in real time, when the distance value reaches a preset distance, a honeycomb alarm gives an alarm, the position of one set point is determined, and 6 set points of the array are finally determined according to the method.
The above description has been made using the laser ranging probe as an example, but when the outdoor light is particularly intense, the effect of ranging using the laser may still be affected, and at this time, the visible light intensity of the laser probe may be increased, and the direction positioning may be performed using the visible light. Preferably, the laser ranging probe uses a visible light intensity having a light intensity significantly higher than that of the ambient light, or a laser ranging probe having a visible laser light source with a laser wavelength significantly different from that of the ambient light is selected.
In addition, the ranging device can also use the ranging wire 10 capable of automatically shrinking to realize ranging, so as to replace the laser ranging probe, so that the wire moves along the direction far away from the center point until reaching the preset distance, thereby determining the position of the arranged point. Preferably, the ranging wire 10 has a length scale for marking a length of the ranging wire 10 drawn out to determine whether the wire has reached a predetermined distance. It is further preferable that the ranging wire 10 further includes a length limiting means capable of presetting an arrival distance of the ranging wire 10 according to a use requirement, and when the ranging wire 10 reaches a predetermined distance, the length limiting means unidirectionally locks the ranging wire so that the ranging wire 10 cannot continue to stretch, but does not limit a contraction movement of the ranging wire to determine that the predetermined distance is reached. In order to ensure the applicability of the device, an automatically retractable superfine ranging steel wire 10 can be added on the rotary platform 2 on the basis of using a laser ranging probe, and the superfine ranging steel wire moves away from the central point along the radial direction until reaching a preset distance, so that the position of the arranged point is determined.
Under the condition that obvious barriers exist and laser and steel wire rope measurement point distribution is inconvenient, RTK can be used for point distribution, an RTK base station is fixed on a central point, the coordinates of the central point are set to be (0, 0), calculated relative coordinates of 6 lattice points are input into a mobile station, the positions of the 6 points are found through the mobile station, and the positions of the point distribution are determined.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments of a micro-array layout apparatus of the present application, it is not intended to limit the application to the exact construction and application of the disclosed and described embodiments, and accordingly, all modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the application as defined by the appended claims, since it is easy for one of ordinary skill in the art to make numerous modifications and variations on this basis.
Claims (6)
1. The micro-motion stage array layout device is characterized by comprising a fixed bracket, a rotary platform and a distance measuring device; the rotary platform consists of a circular framework and a supporting framework which is inscribed in the circular framework; the rotary platform is fixed on the fixed bracket; the distance measuring device comprises a plurality of distance measuring units which are arranged on the circular framework of the rotary platform at equal intervals;
the ranging device comprises a laser ranging device, and each ranging unit comprises a laser ranging probe and a reflector matched with the laser ranging probe; the laser ranging probe is a laser ranging probe capable of emitting laser in two directions, and a vertical connecting rod for correcting the direction of the laser ranging probe is arranged at the center of the circular framework.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a ranging wire or RTK base station and its associated mobile station, the ranging wire being automatically retractable to move the wire away from the center point along the laser beam until a predetermined distance is reached to determine the location of the deployment point.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the support skeleton specifically consists of an equilateral triangle skeleton one and an equilateral triangle skeleton two, wherein the equilateral triangle skeleton one inscribes a circular skeleton, and the equilateral triangle skeleton two inscribes the equilateral triangle skeleton one.
4. The device of claim 1, the laser ranging device further comprising a display screen, a cellular alarm, and a battery; the display screen is used for displaying the ranging result information; when the ranging result meets the requirement, the cellular alarm prompts an alarm; the laser ranging device is powered by a storage battery.
5. A method of micro-staging using the micro-staging device of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
the first step, a fixed bracket is placed on a surveying point, and the center of the fixed bracket and the surveying point are on a plumb line;
secondly, placing the rotary platform on a fixed bracket, and adjusting and fixing the rotary platform; the laser ranging probe emits laser rays bidirectionally, the laser ranging probe is finely adjusted, and the rays emitted to the center of the rotary platform are ensured to be converged on the vertical connecting rod which is positioned at the center of the circular framework and used for correcting the direction of the laser ranging probe
And thirdly, determining the layout point positions through a distance measuring device.
6. A method of micro-staging using the micro-staging device of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
firstly, using a tripod as a fixed support, placing the tripod on a survey point, and keeping the center of the top of the tripod and the survey point on a plumb line;
the second step, the rotary platform is placed on the triangular bracket, the rotary platform is adjusted until no obstacle affecting measurement exists in the direction pointed by each laser ranging probe, and a fixing screw is screwed to fix the rotary platform;
turning on a power supply, enabling the laser ranging probe to bidirectionally emit laser rays, and finely adjusting the laser ranging probe to ensure that the rays emitted to the center of the rotary platform are converged on one point on a vertical connecting rod positioned at the center of the circular framework and used for correcting the direction of the laser ranging probe;
determining a setting point, wherein the handheld reflector moves along the ray direction of the laser ranging probe to a direction far away from the center point, and the laser ranging probe measures the distance between the position of the reflector and the center point in real time, so that the position of the setting point is determined;
and fifthly, repeating the fourth step to sequentially determine the positions of six arranging points of the array.
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| CN110031893A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-19 | 中国电建集团铁路建设有限公司 | Drilling surveys new method with combining the subway engineering of fine motion detection |
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