CN107062807B - A kind of cocoon drying technique - Google Patents
A kind of cocoon drying technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN107062807B CN107062807B CN201710323987.4A CN201710323987A CN107062807B CN 107062807 B CN107062807 B CN 107062807B CN 201710323987 A CN201710323987 A CN 201710323987A CN 107062807 B CN107062807 B CN 107062807B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cocoon drying technique,（1）Prepare；（2）Dry section；（3）Drying process.The application is by carrying out fresh silkworm triphasic different drying process, enable in silk cocoon, in, outer layer falls thread and substantially reduces, reelability percentage significantly improves, by to wind speed in three dry sections, the reciprocation that temperature and relative air humidity certain two become, the reelability percentage of silk cocoon can further be improved, by using radiation treatment when the second dry section is handled, improve significantly silk cocoon isstudied tool raising, pass through the first dry section, the microwave treatment of the reciprocation coordinated different capacity of temperature humidity in second dry section, cocoon quality can be significantly improved, improve silk production rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cocoon drying technical field, and in particular to a kind of cocoon drying technique.
Background technology
The drying of silk cocoon is to kill the work silkworm chrysalis of fresh cocoon cocoon intracavitary in Primary Processing using thermal energy, and removes amount of water,
By the drying of fresh cocoon as the technical process of dried cocoon, cocoon drying is commonly called as.Dry purpose is to prevent nymphosis moth living, silkworm during silk cocoon storage
The parasitic fly blow that body is left goes out maggot and pupal cell rots and damages cocoon layer, while cocoon layer is suitably changed outer layer after Overheating Treatment
The readily soluble property of silk gum, strengthens cocoon cooking resistivity, protects the unwinding of cocoon, be conducive to filature and storage.In cocoon drying process
In, using rational temperature, humidity and wind speed, the excessive denaturation of silk gum should be avoided, reach suitable dry equal according to the characteristic of silk cocoon
It is even, save cocoon quality from damage, when cocoon drying reaches by the way that silk cocoon internal moisture to be diffused through to the method for surface evaporation, the water of silk cocoon layer
Point it is easy to discharge, so cocoon drying is critical that to obtain the moisture effusion of silkworm chrysalis body inside silk cocoon.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for it is existing the problem of, there is provided a kind of cocoon drying technique.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of cocoon drying technique, comprises the following steps：
（1）Prepare：By fresh silkworm, after removing surface, weigh, be subsequently placed in ventilation place 2-3 it is small when；
（2）Dry section：Drying process is divided into three dry sections, and the first dry section is dried using hot wind constant speed, and wind speed is
0.35m/s, relative air humidity are gradually decremented to 6% by 12%, then keep constant, and temperature is gradually incremented to 120 by 112 DEG C
DEG C, then keep constant；Second dry section is dried using hot wind constant temperature, and temperature is 102 DEG C, and wind speed is gradually incremented by by 0.35m/s
To 0.65m/s, then keep constant, relative air humidity is gradually decremented to 6% by 10%, then keeps constant；3rd dry section
Wet drying, relative air humidity 8% are determined using hot wind, temperature is gradually decremented to 85 DEG C by 93 DEG C, then keeps constant, wind speed
0.40m/s is gradually decremented to by 0.70m/s, is then kept constant；
（3）Drying process：By step（1）In fresh silkworm be placed into the first dry section, place 30-35min after, adopt at the same time
Single treatment is carried out with microwave, processing time 2-4min, then proceedes to place 10min, take out fresh silkworm, is placed into ventilation certainly
After being so cooled to room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the second dry section, after placing 25-28min, carries out radiation treatment 30-35s,
Then proceed to place 8-10min, take out fresh silkworm, after being placed into ventilation cooled to room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the 3rd
In dry section, after placing 10-15min, after-treatment is carried out using microwave, processing time 1-2min, then proceedes to place
15min, then takes out, and obtains dry silkworm.
Further, the step（2）In the first dry section relative air humidity increase and decrease speed be 0.5%/min, temperature is passed
Speedup rate is 0.5 DEG C/min.
Further, the step（2）In the second dry section wind speed ascending rate be 1m/min, relative air humidity successively decreases
Speed is 0.2%/min.
Further, the step（2）In the 3rd dry section lapse of temperature speed be 1 DEG C/min, wind speed decline rate is
2m/min。
Further, the step（3）Middle single treatment microwave power is 110W.
Further, the step（3）Middle after-treatment microwave power is 80W.
Further, the step（3）What middle radiation treatment used60The processing of Co- gamma-rays.
Further, it is described60Co- gamma-rays processing treatment dosage is 0.28kGy.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：The application is triphasic different dry by being carried out to fresh silkworm
Processing, enables to silk cocoon inner, middle and outer layer to fall thread and substantially reduces, reelability percentage significantly improves, by wind in three dry sections
The reciprocation that speed, temperature and relative air humidity certain two become, can further improve the reelability percentage of silk cocoon, by
Use radiation treatment during the processing of the second dry section, have to silk cocoon isstudied and improve significantly raising, by the first dry section,
The microwave treatment of the reciprocation coordinated different capacity of temperature humidity, can significantly improve cocoon quality, carry in 3rd dry section
High silk production rate.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cocoon drying technique, comprises the following steps：
（1）Prepare：By fresh silkworm, after removing surface, weigh, be subsequently placed in ventilation place 2 it is small when；
（2）Dry section：Drying process is divided into three dry sections, and the first dry section is dried using hot wind constant speed, and wind speed is
0.35m/s, relative air humidity are gradually decremented to 6% by 12%, then keep constant, and temperature is gradually incremented to 120 by 112 DEG C
DEG C, then keep constant；Second dry section is dried using hot wind constant temperature, and temperature is 102 DEG C, and wind speed is gradually incremented by by 0.35m/s
To 0.65m/s, then keep constant, relative air humidity is gradually decremented to 6% by 10%, then keeps constant；3rd dry section
Wet drying, relative air humidity 8% are determined using hot wind, temperature is gradually decremented to 85 DEG C by 93 DEG C, then keeps constant, wind speed
0.40m/s is gradually decremented to by 0.70m/s, is then kept constant；
（3）Drying process：By step（1）In fresh silkworm be placed into the first dry section, place 30min after, use at the same time
Microwave carries out single treatment, and processing time 2min, then proceedes to place 10min, take out fresh silkworm, it is naturally cold to be placed into ventilation
But to after room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the second dry section, after placing 25min, carries out radiation treatment 30s, then proceed to put
8min is put, takes out fresh silkworm, after being placed into ventilation cooled to room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the 3rd dry section, is placed
After 10min, after-treatment is carried out using microwave, processing time 1min, then proceedes to place 15min, then take out, done
Silkworm.
The step（2）In the first dry section relative air humidity increase and decrease speed be 0.5%/min, temperature increment speed is
0.5℃/min。
The step（2）In the second dry section wind speed ascending rate be 1m/min, relative air humidity rate of regression is
0.2%/min。
The step（2）In the 3rd dry section lapse of temperature speed be 1 DEG C/min, wind speed decline rate is 2m/min.
The step（3）Middle single treatment microwave power is 110W.
The step（3）Middle after-treatment microwave power is 80W.
The step（3）What middle radiation treatment used60The processing of Co- gamma-rays.
It is described60Co- gamma-rays processing treatment dosage is 0.28kGy.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cocoon drying technique, comprises the following steps：
（1）Prepare：By fresh silkworm, after removing surface, weigh, be subsequently placed in ventilation place 3 it is small when；
（2）Dry section：Drying process is divided into three dry sections, and the first dry section is dried using hot wind constant speed, and wind speed is
0.35m/s, relative air humidity are gradually decremented to 6% by 12%, then keep constant, and temperature is gradually incremented to 120 by 112 DEG C
DEG C, then keep constant；Second dry section is dried using hot wind constant temperature, and temperature is 102 DEG C, and wind speed is gradually incremented by by 0.35m/s
To 0.65m/s, then keep constant, relative air humidity is gradually decremented to 6% by 10%, then keeps constant；3rd dry section
Wet drying, relative air humidity 8% are determined using hot wind, temperature is gradually decremented to 85 DEG C by 93 DEG C, then keeps constant, wind speed
0.40m/s is gradually decremented to by 0.70m/s, is then kept constant；
（3）Drying process：By step（1）In fresh silkworm be placed into the first dry section, place 35min after, use at the same time
Microwave carries out single treatment, and processing time 4min, then proceedes to place 10min, take out fresh silkworm, it is naturally cold to be placed into ventilation
But to after room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the second dry section, after placing 28min, carries out radiation treatment 35s, then proceed to put
10min is put, takes out fresh silkworm, after being placed into ventilation cooled to room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the 3rd dry section, is placed
After 15min, after-treatment is carried out using microwave, processing time 2min, then proceedes to place 15min, then take out, done
Silkworm.
The step（2）In the first dry section relative air humidity increase and decrease speed be 0.5%/min, temperature increment speed is
0.5℃/min。
The step（2）In the second dry section wind speed ascending rate be 1m/min, relative air humidity rate of regression is
0.2%/min。
The step（2）In the 3rd dry section lapse of temperature speed be 1 DEG C/min, wind speed decline rate is 2m/min.
The step（3）Middle single treatment microwave power is 110W.
The step（3）Middle after-treatment microwave power is 80W.
The step（3）What middle radiation treatment used60The processing of Co- gamma-rays.
It is described60Co- gamma-rays processing treatment dosage is 0.28kGy.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cocoon drying technique, comprises the following steps：
（1）Prepare：By fresh silkworm, after removing surface, weigh, be subsequently placed in ventilation place 3 it is small when；
（2）Dry section：Drying process is divided into three dry sections, and the first dry section is dried using hot wind constant speed, and wind speed is
0.35m/s, relative air humidity are gradually decremented to 6% by 12%, then keep constant, and temperature is gradually incremented to 120 by 112 DEG C
DEG C, then keep constant；Second dry section is dried using hot wind constant temperature, and temperature is 102 DEG C, and wind speed is gradually incremented by by 0.35m/s
To 0.65m/s, then keep constant, relative air humidity is gradually decremented to 6% by 10%, then keeps constant；3rd dry section
Wet drying, relative air humidity 8% are determined using hot wind, temperature is gradually decremented to 85 DEG C by 93 DEG C, then keeps constant, wind speed
0.40m/s is gradually decremented to by 0.70m/s, is then kept constant；
（3）Drying process：By step（1）In fresh silkworm be placed into the first dry section, place 32min after, use at the same time
Microwave carries out single treatment, and processing time 3min, then proceedes to place 10min, take out fresh silkworm, it is naturally cold to be placed into ventilation
But to after room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the second dry section, after placing 26min, carries out radiation treatment 32s, then proceed to put
9min is put, takes out fresh silkworm, after being placed into ventilation cooled to room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the 3rd dry section, is placed
After 12min, after-treatment is carried out using microwave, processing time 1min, then proceedes to place 15min, then take out, done
Silkworm.
The step（2）In the first dry section relative air humidity increase and decrease speed be 0.5%/min, temperature increment speed is
0.5℃/min。
The step（2）In the second dry section wind speed ascending rate be 1m/min, relative air humidity rate of regression is
0.2%/min。
The step（2）In the 3rd dry section lapse of temperature speed be 1 DEG C/min, wind speed decline rate is 2m/min.
The step（3）Middle single treatment microwave power is 110W.
The step（3）Middle after-treatment microwave power is 80W.
The step（3）What middle radiation treatment used60The processing of Co- gamma-rays.
It is described60Co- gamma-rays processing treatment dosage is 0.28kGy.
Comparative example 1：Step is differed only in embodiment 1（3）In without microwave treatment twice.
Comparative example 2：Step is differed only in embodiment 1（3）In without radiation treatment.
Comparative example 3：Step is differed only in embodiment 1（3）In microwave treatment, microwave power are 110W twice.
Comparative example 4：Step is differed only in embodiment 1（3）In microwave treatment, microwave power are 80W twice.
Comparative example 5：Difference lies in step with embodiment 1（2）In the 3rd dry section temperature be 85 DEG C, remain unchanged.
Experiment：Tested using the fresh silkworm of spring silkworm rearing season, meausring apparatus uses MP200B type electronic balances, and sensibility reciprocal is
0.001g, is divided into 8 groups, each fresh silkworm diameter difference is no more than 0.5mm, and every group of fresh silkworm 500g, lay thickness take fresh by fresh silkworm
2 times of silkworm diameter, are respectively adopted embodiment and processing are dried with comparative example, contrast influence of each processing to detection d cube：
Table 1
| Reelability percentage % | Fiber number dtex | Strength cN/dtex | Elongation % | Sericin degumming loss percentage % | Clean/point | |
| Embodiment 1 | 85.6 | 2.66 | 3.52 | 23.4 | 6.60 | 96.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 85.5 | 2.65 | 3.51 | 23.3 | 6.59 | 96.4 |
| Embodiment 3 | 85.3 | 2.65 | 3.52 | 23.2 | 6.57 | 96.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 81.6 | 2.63 | 3.49 | 22.2 | 6.52 | 94.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 85.0 | 2.51 | 3.45 | 23.0 | 6.49 | 92.4 |
| Comparative example 3 | 82.5 | 2.64 | 3.51 | 22.6 | 6.54 | 95.1 |
| Comparative example 4 | 83.7 | 2.64 | 3.52 | 22.7 | 6.55 | 95.6 |
| Comparative example 5 | 85.1 | 2.65 | 3.50 | 23.3 | 6.32 | 96.4 |
By the contrast in table 1 between ratio 1, comparative example 3, comparative example 4 as can be seen that used in of the invention it is secondary not
Microwave treatment with power can improve the reelability percentage of silk cocoon silk, and improve the elongation of silk cocoon silk, can be seen by comparative example 2
Go out, radiation treatment can significantly improve the fiber number and strength of silk cocoon silk in the present invention, it can be seen from comparative example 5 in the present invention
Step（2）In the 3rd dry section temperature use intermittent warming, the sericin degumming loss percentage of silk cocoon can be significantly improved.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cocoon drying technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Prepare：By fresh silkworm, after removing surface, weigh, be subsequently placed in ventilation place 2-3 it is small when；
（2）Dry section：Drying process is divided into three dry sections, and the first dry section is dried using hot wind constant speed, wind speed 0.35m/
S, relative air humidity are gradually decremented to 6% by 12%, then keep constant, and temperature is gradually incremented to 120 DEG C by 112 DEG C, then
Keep constant；Second dry section is dried using hot wind constant temperature, and temperature is 102 DEG C, and wind speed is gradually incremented to 0.65m/ by 0.35m/s
S, then keeps constant, and relative air humidity is gradually decremented to 6% by 10%, then keeps constant；3rd dry section uses hot wind
Fixed wet drying, relative air humidity 8%, temperature are gradually decremented to 85 DEG C by 93 DEG C, then keep constant, wind speed is by 0.70m/s
0.40m/s gradually is decremented to, is then kept constant；
（3）Drying process：By step（1）In fresh silkworm be placed into the first dry section, after placing 30-35min, while using micro-
Ripple carries out single treatment, and processing time 2-4min, then proceedes to place 10min, take out fresh silkworm, it is naturally cold to be placed into ventilation
But to after room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the second dry section, after placing 25-28min, carries out radiation treatment 30-35s, then
Continue to place 8-10min, take out fresh silkworm, after being placed into ventilation cooled to room temperature, then fresh silkworm is placed into the 3rd and is dried
Qu Zhong, after placing 10-15min, after-treatment is carried out using microwave, and processing time 1-2min, then proceedes to place 15min,
Then take out, obtain dry silkworm.
A kind of 2. cocoon drying technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）In the first dry section
Relative air humidity increase and decrease speed is 0.5%/min, and temperature increment speed is 0.5 DEG C/min.
A kind of 3. cocoon drying technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）In the second dry section
Wind speed ascending rate is 1m/min, and relative air humidity rate of regression is 0.2%/min.
A kind of 4. cocoon drying technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）In the 3rd dry section
Lapse of temperature speed is 1 DEG C/min, and wind speed decline rate is 2m/min.
A kind of 5. cocoon drying technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Middle single treatment is micro-
Wave power is 110W.
A kind of 6. cocoon drying technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Middle after-treatment is micro-
Wave power is 80W.
A kind of 7. cocoon drying technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Middle radiation treatment is adopted
60The processing of Co- gamma-rays.
8. a kind of cocoon drying technique according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described60Co- gamma-rays handles inorganic agent
Measure as 0.28kGy.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU199281U1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-08-25 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова" | External chamber device for drying wood-polymer filament |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109234814A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2019-01-18 | 安徽三利丝绸集团有限公司 | It is a kind of to guarantee that the two of cocoon quality rushes drying means |
| CN109140906A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-04 | 安徽三利丝绸集团有限公司 | A kind of cocoon drying method improving silk mechanical property and thermal stability |
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| SU1101641A1 (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1984-07-07 | Центральный Научно-Исследовательский Институт По Производству И Переработке Натурального Шелка | Method of drying cocoons |
| JPH04370208A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-22 | Kanebo Ltd | Silk reeling from cocoon |
| JPH108323A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-01-13 | Susumu Kiyokawa | Pretreatment of silk yarn |
| CN101509150A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2009-08-19 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for pretreating fresh cocoon |
| CN101864601A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-10-20 | 苏州大学 | Method suitable for drying bombyx mori cocoons with long cocoon silks and fine sizes |
| CN104406368A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-11 | 重庆汇田机械制造有限公司 | Silkworm cocoon baking process |
| CN105004163A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-28 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Stage-by-stage silkworm cocoon drying method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1101641A1 (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1984-07-07 | Центральный Научно-Исследовательский Институт По Производству И Переработке Натурального Шелка | Method of drying cocoons |
| JPH04370208A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-22 | Kanebo Ltd | Silk reeling from cocoon |
| JPH108323A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-01-13 | Susumu Kiyokawa | Pretreatment of silk yarn |
| CN101509150A (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2009-08-19 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for pretreating fresh cocoon |
| CN101864601A (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2010-10-20 | 苏州大学 | Method suitable for drying bombyx mori cocoons with long cocoon silks and fine sizes |
| CN104406368A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-11 | 重庆汇田机械制造有限公司 | Silkworm cocoon baking process |
| CN105004163A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-28 | 无锡乐华自动化科技有限公司 | Stage-by-stage silkworm cocoon drying method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU199281U1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-08-25 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова" | External chamber device for drying wood-polymer filament |
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| CN107062807A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220726 Address after: 237300 in the hospital of Anhui Sanli group Nanxi silk Co., Ltd., Nanxi Town, Jinzhai County, Lu'an City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Jinzhai Xinsilk Road Textile Co.,Ltd. Address before: 237300 Jinye Road, Jinzhai modern industrial park, Lu'an City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Anhui New Silk Road cocoon silk Co.,Ltd. |