CN107054151B - Electric heating energy accumulator for vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Electric heating energy accumulator for vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle Download PDF

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CN107054151B
CN107054151B CN201710448054.8A CN201710448054A CN107054151B CN 107054151 B CN107054151 B CN 107054151B CN 201710448054 A CN201710448054 A CN 201710448054A CN 107054151 B CN107054151 B CN 107054151B
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energy
inner container
medium
vehicle
state
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CN107054151A (en
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赵建平
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K3/00—Arrangement or mounting of steam or gaseous-pressure propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle, which comprises an inner container, an electrothermal element and a medium passage, wherein the inner container is used for storing water, the electrothermal element is used for changing the water stored in the inner container from low-energy-state liquid water into high-energy-state gaseous water by utilizing a mains supply, and heat energy is stored in a heat preservation mode. The medium passage is used for inputting low-energy-state liquid water into the inner container and outputting high-energy-state gaseous water out of the inner container, and the high-energy-state gaseous water output by the inner container provides power for a vehicle. The electric heat accumulator and the pure electric vehicle are used in a mixed mode, the complementarity is good, the energy conversion is simple, the speed is high, the cruising mileage of the pure electric vehicle can be improved, and the residual heat can also be used for providing warm air and activating a power battery in the vehicle. And the whole process has no carbon emission, is particularly friendly to the environment, and also has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and long service life. In addition, the invention also provides a hybrid electric vehicle.

Description

Electric heating energy accumulator for vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to an electric heating energy accumulator for a vehicle and a hybrid electric vehicle.
Background
The power battery is used as a power source of new energy vehicles such as electric automobiles, electric trains and electric bicycles, and has the obvious advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and the like, so that the power battery is rapidly developed in recent years. The current power battery mainly focuses on four research directions of lithium ion battery, hydrogen fuel battery, super capacitor and aluminum air battery, wherein the lithium ion battery is widely used.
Although the lithium ion battery is considered as a green battery and has little pollution to the environment, the lithium ion battery has a complex structure and high manufacturing cost, and the anode and cathode materials and the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery contain metal substances such as nickel, manganese and the like, so that the lithium ion battery is the battery with the most toxic substances in various batteries used at present. And the recycling process is complex, the recycling rate is not high, and the waste battery has a large influence on the environment, so that the subsequent invisible cost of the lithium ion battery is high. In addition, the cycle number of the lithium ion battery is not broken through all the time due to the limitation of the characteristics of electrochemical materials, and the service life is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle and a hybrid electric vehicle, which are used for solving the technical problems of high pollution, high cost and short service life of the conventional power battery.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle, which includes an inner container, an electrothermal element and a medium passage, wherein the inner container is used for storing water, and the electrothermal element is used for changing the water stored in the inner container from a liquid water in a low energy state into a gaseous water in a high energy state, and storing thermal energy in a heat preservation manner. The medium passage is used for inputting low-energy-state liquid water into the inner container and outputting high-energy-state gaseous water out of the inner container, and the high-energy-state gaseous water output by the inner container provides power for a vehicle.
The electric heating element is a resistance heating element or an electromagnetic heating element, and the electric heating element converts low-energy-state liquid water into high-energy-state gaseous water by using commercial power.
The electric heating energy accumulator for the vehicle further comprises a temperature control element and a pressure control element, wherein the temperature control element and the pressure control element are arranged on the outer side of the inner container and used for monitoring the temperature and the pressure in the inner container.
Preferably, the medium passage includes a pipeline of an integrated structure, the two ends of the pipeline, which are located at the inner container, are respectively a medium input port and a medium output port, the pipeline penetrates through the inner container, an input hole and an output hole are arranged in the pipeline and located in the inner container, liquid water in a low energy state enters the inner container through the medium input port and the input hole, and gaseous water in a high energy state is output from the inner container through the output hole and the medium output port.
Wherein, the medium route includes first pipeline and second pipeline, first pipeline is equipped with medium input port and input hole, the second pipeline is equipped with medium delivery outlet and output hole, the medium input port with the medium delivery outlet set up in the outside of inner bag, input hole and output hole set up in the inboard of inner bag, the liquid water of low energy state passes through the medium input port with the input hole gets into the inner bag, the gaseous water of high energy state passes through the output hole with the output of medium delivery outlet the inner bag.
The medium inlet is provided with a check valve or a stop valve for preventing the energy storage medium stored in the inner container from flowing out of the medium inlet; and the medium output port is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling the output of the energy storage medium.
Preferably, the cross section of the inner container is oval or round.
The electric heating energy accumulator for the vehicle further comprises a shell and a heat preservation layer, the shell wraps the inner container, the heat preservation layer is arranged between the shell and the inner container, and the heat preservation layer is made of heat insulation cotton or heat insulation powder and other heat preservation materials and means.
In addition, the invention also provides a hybrid electric vehicle which comprises an electrothermal energy accumulator, a steam motor and a gearbox, wherein an output port of the electrothermal energy accumulator for outputting a high-energy state medium is communicated with an inlet of the steam motor, a transmission shaft of the steam motor is connected with a transmission shaft of the gearbox, the steam motor rotates under the driving of the high-energy state energy storage medium to drive the transmission shaft of the gearbox to rotate, and the electrothermal energy accumulator adopts the electrothermal energy accumulator for the vehicle provided by the invention.
Preferably, the hybrid electric vehicle further comprises a power battery and a power battery activation device, the power battery activation device provides the power battery with heat energy for activating the power battery, the waste heat discharge port of the steam motor is communicated with the power battery activation device, and the waste heat of the steam motor provides the power battery activation device with heat energy for activating the power battery; or the hybrid electric vehicle further comprises a heat exchanger, an input port of the heat exchanger is communicated with a waste heat discharge port of the steam motor, the heat exchanger is used for heat exchange of waste heat of the steam motor, an output port of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air conditioner inlet of the vehicle, and heat output by the heat exchanger provides warm air for the vehicle.
The method of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides an electric heating energy accumulator for vehicles, which changes an energy storage material stored in an inner container from a low-energy-state liquid water into a high-energy-state gaseous water through a commercial power (electricity for residents) and an electric heating element, and stores heat energy in a heat preservation mode. Therefore, the energy is stored, the energy storage material water has no toxicity, the whole process has no carbon emission, the environment is particularly friendly, the subsequent recycling cost is low, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low. In addition, the phase change material can store energy after undergoing phase change and can be used for unlimited times, so that the electrothermal energy accumulator for the vehicle has long service life.
In addition, the electric heat accumulator of the hybrid electric vehicle provided by the invention has good complementarity with the pure electric vehicle in hybrid use, the energy conversion is simple and fast, the cruising range of the pure electric vehicle can be improved, and the rest heat can also be used for providing warm air for the vehicle and activating the power battery so as to improve the capacity utilization rate of the power battery. The inner container is heated by hot water of various existing water heaters, so that the comprehensive energy utilization rate is better. The whole process has no carbon emission, is particularly friendly to the environment, has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and long service life, and can obtain better social benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrothermal accumulator for a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrothermal accumulator for a vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a hybrid electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electrothermal energy accumulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the electric heat energy accumulator for a vehicle mainly includes an inner container 1, an electric heating element 2 and a medium passage 3, wherein the inner container 1 is used for storing a nontoxic energy storage medium, water is used as the energy storage medium in this embodiment, the medium passage 3 is used for inputting low-energy-state liquid water into the inner container 1 and outputting high-energy-state gaseous water (water vapor) out of the inner container 1, and the electric heating element 2 is disposed inside or outside the inner container 1, and uses a mains supply to change the energy storage medium from low-energy-state liquid water to high-energy-state gaseous water, and stores heat energy in a heat preservation manner. Therefore, the energy is stored in the energy storage medium, and the gaseous water in the high energy state output by the inner container is output and provides power for the vehicle when in use.
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the liner 1 is an oval shape, but it is needless to say that a circular shape, a square shape or other shapes may be adopted. However, the elliptical and cylindrical inner container 1 is more resistant to pressure and has a larger inner volume than the inner container having a square structure, and is easy to manufacture, so that the elliptical and circular inner container 1 is preferably used.
The medium passage 3 comprises a pipeline 31, a medium input port 32, a medium output port 33, an input hole 34 and an output hole 35, wherein the medium input port 32 and the medium output port 33 are arranged on the outer side of the inner container 1, and the input hole 34 and the output hole 35 are arranged on the inner side of the inner container 1. The liquid water in the low energy state enters the inner container 1 through the medium input port 32 and the input hole 34 in sequence, and the gaseous water in the high energy state is output from the inner container 1 through the output hole 35 and the medium output port 33 in sequence. The line 31 in this embodiment comprises two parts, a first line 31a being provided with a medium inlet 32 and an inlet opening 34, and a second line 31b being provided with a medium outlet 33 and an outlet opening 35. The first and second pipes 31a and 31b may be disposed at any position of the inner container 1. The present embodiment has the first and second pipes 31a and 31b arranged oppositely.
A non-return valve 4 is arranged at the medium inlet 32 to prevent the energy storage medium stored in the inner container 1 from flowing out of the medium inlet. Of course, the check valve 4 can be replaced by a stop valve or other valves. An electromagnetic valve 5 is arranged at the medium output 33 to control the output speed of the energy storage medium in a high energy state. Of course, the solenoid valve 5 can be replaced by other valves.
In this embodiment, the energy storage medium is a nontoxic environment-friendly medium, such as water or pure water, which is liquid in a low energy state and gaseous in a high energy state, and water is nontoxic, pollution-free, and easily available, and is a cheap environment-friendly energy storage medium. The electric heating element 2 adopts, but is not limited to, an electric resistance heating element or an electromagnetic heating element, and the heating element is used for changing the liquid water in the low-energy state into the gaseous water in the high-energy state. The heating element can be arranged on the inner side of the inner container 1, and also can be arranged on the outer side of the inner container 1. The heating element is preferably arranged outside the inner container 1, so that the structure of the inner container 1 can be prevented from being damaged due to the arrangement of the heating element, and the reduction of the compressive strength of the inner container 1 is avoided.
The outer side of the inner container 1 is provided with a temperature control element 6 and a pressure control element 7, the temperature control element 6 and the pressure control element 7 are used for monitoring the temperature and the pressure in the inner container 1, and when the temperature and the pressure in the inner container 1 exceed the preset temperature and pressure range, the electric heating element 2 stops working. For example, when the temperature in the inner container 1 reaches a preset temperature of 300 ℃ or the pressure exceeds 25MPA, the operation of the electric heating element 2 is stopped.
In this embodiment, the electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle further includes a housing 8, the inner container 1 is disposed in the housing 8, the medium input port 32 and the medium output port 33 of the pipeline 31 are disposed outside the housing 8, and the housing 8 is made of a metal material, or a non-metal material, preferably a high-strength and light material.
An insulating layer 9 is arranged between the shell 8 and the inner container 1, and the insulating layer 9 is used for reducing heat transfer between the inner container 1 and the shell 1, so that heat of the inner container 1 is reduced from diffusing outwards, and the storage time of the energy storage medium in a high energy state is prolonged. The heat preservation layer 9 is not limited to heat insulation cotton or heat insulation powder, and the space between the outer shell 8 and the inner container 1 can be vacuumized, so that the heat transfer between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 1 can be reduced.
In addition, this embodiment can also reduce the heat in the inner bag 1 and spread outward through the mode that improves the heat-reflecting capacity of the inner wall of shell 8, if make the inner wall of shell 8 form the mirror surface, both reduced the loss of heat radiation, can improve the temperature in the inner bag 1 outside again to reduce the difference in temperature inside and outside the inner bag 1, and then reduce the thermal loss of inner bag 1.
Preferably, the heat insulation layer 9 is arranged between the inner container 1 and the outer casing 8, and the inner wall of the outer casing 8 is arranged to be a mirror surface, so that the heat loss of the inner container 1 is reduced more effectively.
The electric heating energy accumulator is easy to carry, can provide power for various vehicles, has the same effect as a power battery, does not pollute the environment, and has low recycling cost, simple structure and low manufacturing cost. Moreover, the higher energy density, i.e., the higher energy provided per unit weight, relative to a power battery, facilitates a reduction in the weight of the vehicle and an increase in the driving range.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the electric heat accumulator for a vehicle mainly includes an inner container 1, an electric heating element 2 and a medium passage 3, wherein the inner container 1 is used for storing energy storage medium water, the medium passage 3 is used for inputting low-energy-state liquid water into the inner container 1 and outputting high-energy-state gaseous water out of the inner container 1, and the electric heating element 2 is disposed inside the inner container 1 and is used for changing the low-energy-state liquid water into the high-energy-state gaseous water and storing heat energy in a heat preservation manner. Thereby storing energy in the form of phase change energy.
In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the liner 1 is, but not limited to, an oval shape, but the oval liner 1 has a large pressure resistance and an internal volume, and is easy to manufacture.
The medium passage 3 comprises a pipeline 31, a medium input port 32, a medium output port 33, an input hole 34 and an output hole 35, wherein the medium input port 32 and the medium output port 33 are arranged on the outer side of the inner container 1, and the input hole 34 and the output hole 35 are arranged on the inner side of the inner container 1. The pipeline 31 of this embodiment is an integrated structure, that is, the medium input port 32, the medium output port 33, the input hole 34 and the output hole 35 are all arranged on a pipeline, the pipeline 31 penetrates through the liner 1, two end portions of the pipeline 31 extend out of the liner 1 and are respectively used as the medium input port 32 and the medium output port 33, the pipeline 31 is located in the liner 1 region and is provided with the input hole 34 and the output hole 35, the liquid water in the low energy state sequentially enters the liner 1 through the medium input port 32 and the input hole 34, and the gaseous water in the high energy state sequentially passes through the output hole 35 and the medium output port 33 and is output from the liner 1.
In this embodiment, the pipeline 31 runs through the liner 1, and the pipeline 1 not only provides a channel for inputting and outputting an energy storage medium, but also can be used as a reinforcing component to improve the compressive strength of the liner 1, so as to improve the energy density stored in the liner 1, further improve the operating mileage of a vehicle, simplify the structure of the electrothermal energy accumulator, and reduce the manufacturing cost. Since the long axis direction of the elliptical bladder 1 is a region where the compressive strength of the bladder 1 is weak, it is preferable to provide the pipe 31 at the long axis position of the elliptical bladder 1.
A check valve 4 is arranged at the medium inlet 32 to prevent the energy storage medium stored in the inner container 1 from flowing out of the medium inlet. Of course, the check valve 4 can be replaced by a stop valve or other valves. An electromagnetic valve 5 is arranged at the medium output 33 to control the output speed of the energy storage medium in a high energy state. Of course, the solenoid valve 5 can be replaced by other valves.
In this embodiment, the energy storage medium is a nontoxic environment-friendly medium, such as water or pure water, which is liquid in a low energy state and gaseous in a high energy state, and water is nontoxic, pollution-free, and easily available, and is a cheap environment-friendly energy storage medium. The electric heating element 2 is, but not limited to, a resistance heating element or an electromagnetic heating element, and the heating element is used for changing water from a liquid water in a low energy state to a gaseous water in a high energy state. The heating element can be arranged on the inner side of the inner container 1, and also can be arranged on the outer side of the inner container 1. The heating element is preferably arranged outside the inner container 1, so that the structure of the inner container 1 can be prevented from being damaged due to the arrangement of the heating element, and the reduction of the compressive strength of the inner container 1 is avoided.
The outer side of the inner container 1 is provided with a temperature control element 6 and a pressure control element 7, the temperature control element 6 and the pressure control element 7 are respectively used for monitoring the temperature and the pressure in the inner container 1, and when one of the temperature and the pressure in the inner container 1 exceeds a preset temperature and pressure range, the electric heating element 2 stops working. For example, when the temperature in the inner container 1 reaches a preset temperature of 300 degrees or the pressure exceeds 25MPA, the operation of the electric heating element 2 is stopped.
In this embodiment, the electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle further includes a housing 8, the housing 8 wraps the liner 1, the medium input port 32 and the medium output port 33 of the pipeline 31 are disposed on the outer side of the housing 8, the housing 8 is made of a metal material, or made of a non-metal material, preferably a high-strength and light material.
An insulating layer 9 is arranged between the shell 8 and the inner container 1, and the insulating layer 9 is used for reducing heat transfer between the inner container 1 and the shell 1, so that heat of the inner container 1 is reduced from diffusing outwards, and the storage time of the energy storage medium in a high energy state is prolonged. The heat preservation layer 9 is not limited to heat insulation cotton or heat insulation powder, and the space between the outer shell 8 and the inner container 1 can be vacuumized, so that the heat transfer between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 1 can be reduced.
In addition, this embodiment can also reduce the heat in inner bag 1 and spread outward through the mode that improves the heat reflection ability of shell 8 inner wall, if make the inner wall of shell 8 form the mirror surface, utilize the heat reflection to improve the temperature of inner bag 1 outer wall to reduce the difference in temperature inside and outside inner bag 1, and then reduce the thermal loss of inner bag 1.
Preferably, both the insulating layer 9 and the inner wall of the outer casing 8 are formed as mirror surfaces between the inner container 1 and the outer casing 8, which can more effectively reduce the heat of the inner container 1 from being diffused outward.
The electric heating energy accumulator is convenient to carry, can provide power for various vehicles by directly converting the phase-change energy into mechanical energy or electric energy for utilization when in use, has the same effect as a power battery, does not have any carbon emission in the whole process, is particularly friendly to the environment, has low recycling cost, and is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost. Moreover, the higher energy density, i.e., the higher energy provided per weight, relative to a power battery, facilitates reducing the weight of the vehicle and providing mileage.
The electric heating energy accumulator for the vehicle provided by the embodiment enables the energy storage material in the liner to generate phase change from a low energy state to a high energy state by means of the electric heating element, and stores heat energy in a heat preservation mode. Therefore, the energy is stored, the energy storage material has no toxicity, no pollution to the environment, low recycling cost, simple structure and low manufacturing cost. In addition, the phase change material is enabled to change phase to store energy, and the energy can be used for unlimited times, so that the service life of the electrothermal energy accumulator is long. And the electric heating energy accumulator of unit weight is bigger than the driving distance that power battery provided, and is higher than the energy density of lithium ion battery.
The electric heat energy accumulator provided by the first embodiment and the second embodiment is installed in a vehicle, when the vehicle stops, commercial power is stored in the inner container 1 in the form of phase change energy (heat energy), and when the vehicle runs, the heat energy can be directly converted into mechanical energy or electric energy to drive the vehicle to run. Fig. 4 shows a circuit diagram of an electrothermal energy storage device during energy storage. An electric coupler 41 is arranged between the commercial power and the electric heating element 2, and when the temperature in the liner reaches a preset temperature range or pressure range, the temperature control element 6 or the pressure element 7 disconnects the circuit between the commercial power and the electric heating element 2.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment provides a hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises an electric heating energy accumulator, a steam motor and a gearbox, wherein the electric heating energy accumulator is used for outputting an energy storage medium, an output port of the electric heating energy accumulator is communicated with an input port of the steam motor, a transmission shaft of the steam motor is connected with a transmission shaft of the gearbox, and the steam motor rotates under the driving of high-energy-state liquid water (water vapor), so that the transmission shaft of the gearbox is driven to rotate, and the hybrid electric vehicle is driven to run.
In this embodiment, the electrothermal energy accumulator adopts the electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle provided in the first and second embodiments of the present invention, and details thereof are not described herein.
In the third embodiment, the electrothermal energy accumulator can be used as a range extender of the electric vehicle and used in cooperation with the power battery to increase the driving mileage of the electric vehicle, and the driving mileage provided by the electrothermal energy accumulator per unit weight is larger than that provided by the power battery per unit weight, which is beneficial to reducing the weight and cost of the hybrid electric vehicle.
Example four
As shown in fig. 3, the fourth embodiment provides a vehicle range extender. The electric vehicle range extender comprises an electric heating energy accumulator 31, a steam turbine 32 and a generator 33, wherein the electric heating energy accumulator 31 is used for outputting an energy storage medium output port and is communicated with an inlet of the steam turbine 32 through a pipeline 36, a transmission shaft of the steam turbine 32 is connected with a transmission shaft of the generator 33, the steam turbine 32 rotates under the driving of the energy storage medium in a high energy state, so that the transmission shaft of the generator 33 is driven to rotate, and electricity generated by the generator provides power for a vehicle. The electric heating energy accumulator for the vehicle described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the invention is adopted, and details are not repeated herein.
In the fourth embodiment, the electric vehicle range extender is used for a hybrid vehicle and is used by being mixed with a power battery, the electric vehicle range extender and the power battery have good complementarity, the power battery is complex to charge and low in charging speed, the energy conversion of the electric vehicle range extender is simple and high in speed, the cruising range of a pure electric vehicle can be improved, and the driving range provided by the electrothermal energy accumulator per unit weight is more than that provided by the power battery per unit weight, so that the electrothermal energy accumulator is easier to reduce the weight of the vehicle and the cost of the vehicle relative to the power battery.
The third embodiment and the fourth embodiment can also utilize the waste heat discharged by the steam turbine, such as activating a power battery by using the waste heat of the steam motor, or providing warm air for the vehicle by using the waste heat of the steam motor.
Taking the fourth embodiment as an example, when the temperature of the power battery on the vehicle is low, the capacity utilization rate is low, whereas when the temperature is high, the capacity utilization rate is high, in other words, the activation of the power battery is beneficial to improving the capacity utilization rate. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the electric vehicle further includes a power battery 35 and a power battery activation device 34, the electric heat accumulator 31 is communicated with the steam motor 32 through a pipeline 36, and the steam motor 32 provides power for the gearbox 33. The residual heat discharge port of the steam motor 32 is communicated with the power battery activation device 34, the power battery 35 is arranged in the activated power battery 35, and the residual heat of the steam motor 32 provides heat energy for activating the power battery for the power battery activation device 34.
The second utilization mode is as follows: the vehicle also comprises a heat exchanger, an input port of the heat exchanger is communicated with a waste heat discharge port of the steam motor, an output port of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air conditioner inlet of the vehicle, and heat output by the heat exchanger provides warm air for the vehicle. In fact, the heat exchanger acts as an auxiliary device for the waste heat utilization of the steam motor, since the waste heat of the steam motor cannot be directly used for providing warm air for the vehicle.
The electric heat accumulator provided by the above embodiment is not only suitable for electric vehicles, but also suitable for electric bicycles, electric tricycles and the like, and provides power assistance for the electric vehicles to improve the driving mileage.
The vehicle provided by the invention adopts the electrothermal energy accumulator provided by the invention to provide power for the vehicle, and the energy storage material has no toxicity and no pollution to the environment, and also has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, large energy density and long service life.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. An electric heating energy accumulator for a vehicle comprises a liner, an electric heating element and a medium passage, and is characterized in that the liner is used for storing water, the electric heating element is used for changing the water stored in the liner from low-energy-state liquid water into high-energy-state gaseous water, the electric heating element is a resistance heating element or an electromagnetic heating element, the electric heating element utilizes mains supply to change the low-energy-state liquid water into the high-energy-state gaseous water, the medium passage is used for inputting the low-energy-state liquid water into the liner and outputting the high-energy-state gaseous water out of the liner, the high-energy-state gaseous water output by the liner provides power for the vehicle, the medium passage comprises an integrally-structured pipeline for enhancing the pressure-bearing capacity of the liner, two ends of the pipeline are respectively a medium input port and a medium output port, the pipeline penetrates through the liner, an input hole and an output hole are arranged in a region inside the liner on the pipeline, the low-energy-state liquid water enters the liner through the medium input port and the medium output hole, the high-energy-state gaseous water passes through the output hole and the liner output hole and is arranged on a check valve for preventing the medium from flowing out from the medium input port or the medium input port; and the medium outlet is provided with an electromagnetic valve for controlling the output of the energy storage medium.
2. An electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature control element and a pressure control element disposed outside the inner container for monitoring the temperature and pressure in the inner container.
3. An electrothermal accumulator for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the medium path comprises a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the first pipeline is provided with a medium input port and an input hole, the second pipeline is provided with a medium output port and an output hole, the medium input port and the medium output port are disposed at the outer side of the inner container, the input hole and the output hole are disposed at the inner side of the inner container, the liquid water in the low energy state enters the inner container through the medium input port and the input hole, and the gaseous water in the high energy state exits the inner container through the output hole and the medium output port.
4. An electrothermal energy accumulator for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the inner container is oval or circular.
5. An electrothermal accumulator for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a casing and an insulating layer, the inner container being disposed within the casing, the insulating layer being disposed between the casing and the inner container.
6. A hybrid electric vehicle comprises an electrothermal energy accumulator, a steam motor and a gearbox, wherein an output port of the electrothermal energy accumulator for outputting a high-energy state medium is communicated with an inlet of the steam motor, a transmission shaft of the steam motor is connected with a transmission shaft of the gearbox, and the steam motor is driven by the high-energy state energy storage medium to rotate so as to drive the transmission shaft of the gearbox to rotate, and the electrothermal energy accumulator for the vehicle is adopted as the electrothermal energy accumulator for the vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 6, further comprising a power battery and a power battery activation device, the power battery activation device providing the power battery with heat energy for activation, the waste heat discharge port of the steam motor communicating with the power battery activation device, the waste heat of the steam motor providing the power battery activation device with heat energy for activation of the power battery; or the hybrid electric vehicle further comprises a heat exchanger, an input port of the heat exchanger is communicated with a waste heat discharge port of the steam motor, the heat exchanger is used for heat exchange of waste heat of the steam motor, an output port of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air conditioner inlet of the vehicle, and heat output by the heat exchanger provides warm air for the vehicle.
CN201710448054.8A 2017-06-14 2017-06-14 Electric heating energy accumulator for vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle Active CN107054151B (en)

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