CN107054052A - 用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统 - Google Patents

用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统 Download PDF

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CN107054052A
CN107054052A CN201611199292.1A CN201611199292A CN107054052A CN 107054052 A CN107054052 A CN 107054052A CN 201611199292 A CN201611199292 A CN 201611199292A CN 107054052 A CN107054052 A CN 107054052A
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hybrid power
internal combustion
combustion engine
clutch
power system
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CN107054052B (zh
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迪克·赖茨
塞巴斯蒂安·查尔斯
阿希姆·吉尔曼
罗兰德·西巴克
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统，具有内燃机(3)、电动机(5)、布置在内燃机(3)与电动机(5)之间的混合动力分离离合器(4)和用于补偿该内燃机(3)的转矩不均匀性的离心摆(11)。混合动力分离离合器(4)在内燃机(3)在电动机(5)运行时的启动过程期间占据滑动的状态。

Description

用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分的用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统。
本发明还涉及一种用于减小在混合动力车辆的内燃机重新启动时的噪声的方法，其中，混合动力车辆用电动机来驱动，其中，内燃机的转矩不均匀性借助于离心摆来补偿。
背景技术
从WO 2010/028620 A1公知一种按照权利要求1的前序部分的混合动力系统。更精确地说，在用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统的情况下，双质量飞轮的形式的减振器布置在内燃机与电动机之间。双质量飞轮具有第一和第二飞轮质量件。第一飞轮质量件可以抗相对转动地配属于内燃机。第二飞轮质量件可以配属于变速器，而且具有电动机的转子，用以将可电动产生的转矩传输到第二飞轮质量件和离心摆装置上来减小转动摆动。
尤其是在从电动行驶出发，也就是说在电动机运行的情况下启动或重新启动内燃机时，出现声音问题，声音问题由离心摆的质量件引起并且限制了行驶舒适性。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务是提供一种用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统，其减小在启动或重新启动内燃机时的噪声和与之相关的声音问题。
该任务利用在权利要求1中所说明的措施来解决。
本发明的其他的有利的设计方案是从属权利要求的主题。
更精确地说，在启动内燃机期间，布置在内燃机与电动机之间的断开的混合动力分离离合器向闭合方向运动，而且占据滑动的(schlupfend)状态。由此，可以抑制由于在启动或重新启动内燃机期间离心摆质量件的碰撞而形成的声音问题。因为在滑动的状态下的混合动力分离离合器具有>0Nm的离合器力矩，所以承载离心摆的减振器的次级侧被静止。
有利地，通过启动器来启动内燃机。借助于该启动器，内燃机可以与剩余的混合动力系统无关地启动，这优选地可以在车辆借助于电动机的电动行驶期间，也就是说在电动机运行的情况下进行。
更有利地，启动器和电动机彼此分开地设置。
更有利地，在混合动力分离离合器的滑动期间传输的离合器力矩小于通过启动器为了使内燃机的曲轴开转而必要的转矩。滑动地提供的离合器力矩明显小于在借助于电动机通过混合动力分离离合器来重新启动内燃机时必要的离合器力矩。
更有利地，在混合动力分离离合器的滑动期间传输的离合器力矩在10Nm与50Nm之间。因而，启动器可以可靠地接合(einspuren)，其中，曲轴没有通过电动机来开转。
更有利地，混合动力分离离合器在内燃机的首次点火之前占据滑动的状态。因此，在使内燃机的曲轴开转之前就已经使离心摆静止。
更有利地，混合动力分离离合器与内燃机的曲轴的开动同步地占据滑动的状态。由此保证的是，由混合动力分离离合器提供的离合器力矩和开动的曲轴具有的转矩近似同步地运转。由此，减振器的次级侧在启动内燃机之前静止。
附图说明
本发明在下文依据实施例参考随附的附图进一步解释：
图1示出了混合动力车辆的混合动力系统或混合动力驱动装置的实施例，
图2示出了用于解释图1中的混合动力系统的工作原理的图示，
图3示出了用于解释图1中的混合动力系统与现有技术中的混合动力系统相比的工作原理的图示，和
图4示出了图1中的减振器的详细图示。
具体实施方式
图1示出了混合动力车辆的混合动力系统的实施例。
在图1中示出了混合动力车辆的混合动力系统或驱动系1，其中，减振器2布置在内燃机3与混合动力分离离合器4之间，而电动机5紧挨着混合动力分离离合器4。电动机5与另一离合器6连接，该另一离合器与剩余传动系7连接。副轴、中间轴或者盘8布置在减振器2上，盘将减振器2与混合动力分离离合器4连接。启动元件9紧挨着电动机5，该启动元件具有连到剩余传动系7上的启动离合器。在上述情况下，减振器2优选构造为双质量飞轮10，该双质量飞轮与离心摆11组合。
如图4中所示，离心摆11紧固在双质量飞轮10的副质量件12上。然而，离心摆可以布置在驱动系1中的任意的其他位置上。
双质量飞轮10处在驱动系1的直接的转矩传输路径中、也就是说处在内燃机3与离合器盘8或变速器输入轴之间的旋转的路径上。在此，离心摆11补偿内燃机3的曲轴在内燃机3的低转速的情况下的转矩不均匀性，这是因为双质量飞轮10上的离心摆11的质量件沿与曲轴的转动方向相反的方向摆动。
图2示出了用于解释图1中的混合动力系统的工作原理的图示。
以如下情况为出发点：混合动力车辆处在电动运行中，也就是说，该车辆仅通过电动机5来驱动。内燃机3处在停机中，而且布置在内燃机3与电动机5之间的混合动力分离离合器4断开。内燃机3借助于已知的启动器13来启动。为了抑制在启动内燃机3期间由于离心摆11的质量件的运动而引起的噪声干扰，在通过启动器13来启动内燃机3期间，混合动力分离离合器4从断开的状态向“闭合”方向运动并且带到滑动的状态下。由此，离合器力矩K通过混合动力分离离合器4传输到内燃机3上。该离合器力矩优选地在10Nm与50Nm之间、更优选地在10Nm与20Nm之间、而且优选地在大约50ms之内构建。
在图2中示出了下方的行3)的附加的离合器力矩K。在其上方，行2)示出了曲轴角，而行1)示出了启动的内燃机3的转速。混合动力分离离合器4在内燃机3的首次点火之前带到滑动的状态下。由滑动的混合动力分离离合器4来施加的附加的离合器力矩K对内燃机3的启动没有影响，然而为如下做出贡献：离心摆11的质量件通过这种相反作用的离合器力矩K来静止，从而抑制在重新启动内燃机3期间的噪声干扰。在此，滑动地提供的离合器力矩K明显在当借助于电动机5通过混合动力分离离合器4常规地启动内燃机3时出现的值以下。必要的是，该离合器力矩K保持小于曲轴的“起动力矩”，因此，启动器13可以符合功能要求地启动曲轴。
图3示出了用于解释图1中的混合动力系统与现有技术中的混合动力系统相比的工作原理的图示。
在图3中，将图1中的混合动力系统与具有内燃机3的常规启动的混合动力系统对置。在此，列A示出了常规的启动，而列B示出了图1中的混合动力系统的工作原理。在这两种情况下示出了内燃机关于时间的转速(列A和B，行1))、离心摆的质量件关于时间的摆动角(列A和B，行2))和关于时间的通过启动内燃机3引起的能量输入(列A和B，行3))。在列B，行3)中，附加地还示出了离合器力矩K，该离合器力矩在启动内燃机3时通过滑动的混合动力分离离合器4来产生。在列A的情况下，在内燃机3的低转速的情况下出现离心摆11的质量件的高的摆动角，这导致了驱动系1中的高的能量输入。与此相反，当引入附加的离合器力矩K时，离心摆11的质量件的摇摆在列B的情况下静止。通过该离合器力矩K减小了由于离心摆11的质量件的减小的摇摆而出现的能量输入，并且因此抑制了在重新启动内燃机3期间的噪声干扰。
图4示出了图1中的减振器的详细图示。
在图4中示出了双质量飞轮10的布置在曲轴上的主飞轮质量件或质量件14和与离合器盘8连接的副飞轮质量件12或质量件。曲轴的扭转作用在第一飞轮质量件14上，而离合器力矩K作用在第二飞轮质量件12上。因为离心摆11紧固在第二飞轮质量12上，所以通过这种对与混合动力分离离合器4连接的第二飞轮质量件12的作用使离心摆11静止。
尽管本发明已经在上文依据实施例参考随附的附图进行了解释，但是显然可以执行与之不同的改变和设计，而不离开本发明的保护范围，如在随附的权利要求书中所限定的那样。
关于本发明的其他的特征和优点明确地参阅附图的公开内容。
附图标记列表
1 驱动系
2 减振器
3 内燃机
4 混合动力分离离合器
5 电动机
6 离合器
7 剩余传动系
8 离合器盘
9 启动元件
10 双质量飞轮
11 离心摆
12 双质量飞轮的副质量件
13 启动器
14 双质量飞轮的主质量件

Claims (7)

1.用于在混合动力车辆中使用的混合动力系统，其中，所述混合动力系统具有：
内燃机(3)；
电动机(5)；
混合动力分离离合器(4)，所述混合动力分离离合器布置在内燃机(3)与电动机(5)之间；和
离心摆(11)，所述离心摆用于补偿所述内燃机(3)的转矩不均匀性，
其特征在于，所述混合动力分离离合器(4)在所述内燃机(3)在电动机(5)运行时的启动过程期间占据滑动的状态。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于具有用于启动所述内燃机(3)的启动器(13)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述启动器(13)和所述电动机(5)彼此分开地设置。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力分离离合器(4)在滑动的状态期间将离合器力矩(K)从电动机(5)传输到内燃机(3)，所述离合器力矩小于通过所述启动器(13)为了使内燃机(3)开转而必要的转矩。
5.根据权利要去1至4中任意一项所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，在滑动的状态期间传输的离合器力矩(K)在10Nm与50Nm之间。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力分离离合器(4)在启动过程期间，在内燃机(3)的首次点火之前占据所述滑动的状态。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的混合动力系统，其特征在于，所述混合动力分离离合器(4)在启动过程期间与内燃机(3)的开动同步地占据所述滑动的状态。
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