CN107053801A - 一种隔音材料 - Google Patents
一种隔音材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔音材料,包括由下列原料制成的第一隔音层:聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯塑料、三元乙丙橡胶、钢渣粉、润湿剂、防水剂、抗氧剂;吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡物组成的吸音层,还包括第二隔音层。本发明的一种隔音材料共三层,将第一隔音层、吸音层、第二隔音层按顺序粘接即可得到具有较好的隔音效果,并且质量较轻,便于安装的隔音材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合隔音材料,属于建筑材料领域。
背景技术
音污染被看作是危害等同于大气污染、水污染的三大环境污染之一。一般噪声超过50分贝,就对人类日常工作生活产生有害影响,特别是对睡眠的影响。人类有近1/3的时间是在睡眠中度过的。睡眠是人类消除疲劳、恢复体力、维持健康的一个重要条件。但环境噪声会使人不能安眠或被惊醒,在这方面,老人和病人对噪声干扰更为敏感。当睡眠被干扰后,工作效率和健康都会受到影响,长期干扰睡眠会造成失眠、疲劳无力、记忆力衰退,以至产生神经衰弱症候群等。在居住环境中,层间噪音是最令住户苦恼的噪音来源。
为了减轻噪音影响装修时多使用隔音材料,现在市面上常见的隔音材料一般为水泥混凝土、玻璃板等,这些隔音材料的隔音效果并不是很好,并且这些隔音材料质量过重或厚度过大,安装不便。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种隔音效果好、质量轻并且可以直接在墙面上安装的隔音材料。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案如下:
一种隔音材料,由第一隔音层、吸音层和第二隔音层组成,所述吸音层位于所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层中间;所述的一种隔音材料的制备方法为:在所述第二隔音层的一面涂上酚醛树脂后,将隔音层粘接在第二隔音层上,接着在第一隔音层凹凸不平的一面涂上酚醛树脂,按压到隔音层上;
所述第一隔音层由下列原料制成:聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯塑料、三元乙丙橡胶、钢渣粉、润湿剂、防水剂、抗氧剂;将各原料在高温下预混后,倒入模具中制成板材,且第一隔音层的内表面为凹凸不平的不规则曲面;所述吸音层由吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡按体积比1∶1∶1组成。
进一步地,所述第一隔音层由下列重量份的原料制成:聚乙烯50~80份,聚苯乙烯塑料10~15份,三元乙丙橡胶10~15份,钢渣粉5~8份,润湿剂1~2份,防水剂5~8份,抗氧剂3~8份。
进一步地,所述第二隔音层为树脂薄板。
进一步地,所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层厚度均为5~8mm,所述吸音层厚度为8~20mm。
进一步地,所述第一隔音层、所述吸音层和所述第二隔音层之间使用酚醛树脂作为粘接剂。
本发明的有益效果:1、本发明的隔音材料共有三层,当声音传入第一隔音层时,声能一部分被反射,一部分会穿透材料,这部分声能由吸音层吸收,没有被吸音层吸收的声能再经过第三隔音层反射回吸音层被吸收,达到较好的隔音效果。
2、本发明的隔音材料中,第一隔音层为复合材料有较好的隔音效果的同时,质量较普通隔音材料来说更轻,第二隔音层优选树脂隔音材料质量也很轻,便于安装使用。
3、第一隔音层的内表面为不规则曲面,当第一隔音层和吸音层粘接到一起时,吸音层按第一隔音层的内表面形状填满曲面,增大了声能的反射路程,有效降低声能。
附图说明
图1为所述隔音材料的剖面图。
具体实施方式
参照图1对本发明的做进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
一种隔音材料,由第一隔音层、吸音层和第二隔音层组成,所述吸音层位于所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层中间;
所述第一隔音层由下列重量份的原料制成:聚乙烯50份,聚苯乙烯塑料15份,三元乙丙橡胶15份,钢渣粉5份,润湿剂1份,防水剂5份,抗氧剂3份;且第一隔音层的内表面为凹凸不平的不规则曲面;所述吸音层由吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡按体积比1∶1∶1组成;所述第二隔音层为树脂薄板。
所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层厚度为5mm,所述吸音层厚度为10mm,在所述第二隔音层的一面涂上酚醛树脂后,将隔音层粘接在第二隔音层上,接着在第一隔音层凹凸不平的一面涂上酚醛树脂,按压到隔音层上。
实施例2
一种隔音材料,由第一隔音层、吸音层和第二隔音层组成,所述吸音层位于所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层中间;
所述第一隔音层由下列重量份的原料制成:聚乙烯80份,聚苯乙烯塑料10份,三元乙丙橡胶10份,钢渣粉8份,润湿剂2份,防水剂8份,抗氧剂8份;且第一隔音层的内表面为凹凸不平的不规则曲面;所述吸音层由吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡按体积比1∶1∶1组成;所述第二隔音层为树脂薄板。
所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层厚度为8mm,所述吸音层厚度为15mm,在所述第二隔音层的一面涂上酚醛树脂后,将隔音层粘接在第二隔音层上,接着在第一隔音层凹凸不平的一面涂上酚醛树脂,按压到隔音层上。
实施例3
一种隔音材料,由第一隔音层、吸音层和第二隔音层组成,所述吸音层位于所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层中间;
所述第一隔音层和第二隔音层由下列重量份的原料制成:聚乙烯80份,聚苯乙烯塑料10份,三元乙丙橡胶10份,钢渣粉8份,润湿剂2份,防水剂8份,抗氧剂8份;且第一隔音层的内表面为凹凸不平的不规则曲面,第二隔音层内表面为平滑平面;所述吸音层由吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡按体积比1∶1∶1组成。
所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层厚度为8mm,所述吸音层厚度为15mm,在所述第二隔音层的一面涂上酚醛树脂后,将隔音层粘接在第二隔音层上,接着在第一隔音层凹凸不平的一面涂上酚醛树脂,按压到隔音层上。
使用实施例1-3的隔音材料,做成3个大小相同的封闭空间,在封闭空间中放入音响,在封闭空间外1m处测试隔音效果。
实施例4
一种隔音材料,由第一隔音层、吸音层和第二隔音层组成,所述吸音层位于所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层中间;
所述第一隔音层和第二隔音层由下列重量份的原料制成:聚乙烯80份,聚苯乙烯塑料10份,三元乙丙橡胶10份,钢渣粉8份,润湿剂2份,防水剂8份,抗氧剂8份;且第一隔音层内表面为平滑平面;所述吸音层由吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡按体积比1∶1∶1组成;所述第二隔音层为树脂薄板。
所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层厚度为8mm,所述吸音层厚度为15mm,在所述第二隔音层的一面涂上酚醛树脂后,将隔音层粘接在第二隔音层上,接着在第一隔音层凹凸不平的一面涂上酚醛树脂,按压到隔音层上。
使用实施例1-4的隔音材料,做成4个大小相同的封闭空间,在封闭空间中放入音响作为声源,在封闭空间外1m处测试隔音效果。
表一
声源分贝/db | 隔音材料外分贝/db | 分贝差/db | |
实施例1 | 100 | 60 | 40 |
实施例2 | 100 | 32 | 68 |
实施例3 | 100 | 45 | 55 |
实施例4 | 100 | 37 | 63 |
由上表可以看出,隔音材料越厚隔音效果越好;且第一隔音层和第二隔音层使用不同材料隔音效果更好;第一隔音层的内表面为凹凸不平的不规则曲面时隔音效果更好。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,并不是对本发明专利范围的限制,凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下的若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种隔音材料,其特征在于,由第一隔音层、吸音层和第二隔音层组成,所述吸音层位于所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层中间;
所述第一隔音层由下列原料制成:聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯塑料、三元乙丙橡胶、钢渣粉、润湿剂、防水剂、抗氧剂;且第一隔音层的内表面为凹凸不平的不规则曲面;所述吸音层由吸音棉、矿渣棉、玻璃纤维棉毡按体积比1∶1∶1组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音材料,其特征在于,所述第一隔音层由下列重量份的原料制成:聚乙烯50~80份,聚苯乙烯塑料10~15份,三元乙丙橡胶10~15份,钢渣粉5~8份,润湿剂1~2份,防水剂5~8份,抗氧剂3~8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音材料,其特征在于,所述第二隔音层为树脂薄板。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音材料,其特征在于,所述第一隔音层和所述第二隔音层厚度均为5~8mm,所述吸音层厚度为8~20mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音材料,其特征在于,所述第一隔音层、所述吸音层和所述第二隔音层之间使用酚醛树脂作为粘接剂。
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