CN107047011A - 一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法 - Google Patents

一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法 Download PDF

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CN107047011A
CN107047011A CN201710275772.XA CN201710275772A CN107047011A CN 107047011 A CN107047011 A CN 107047011A CN 201710275772 A CN201710275772 A CN 201710275772A CN 107047011 A CN107047011 A CN 107047011A
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胡本号
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Bengbu Nong Xing Modern Agricultural Cooperatives
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
    • A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
    • A01N41/04—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A01N41/06—Sulfonic acid amides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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    • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring

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Abstract

本发明属于农业种植技术领域，具体涉及一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，包括种子处理、育苗管理和田间管理。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中通过在低氧、遮光的条件下使用浸种液浸种，能有效保持种子品质，增强种子的抗病性，芽高、胚芽鞘的长度收到一定抑制；配合相应的育苗方法，使幼苗根系得到改善，提高幼苗根系的总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积，提高苗期叶绿素的含量，有益于促进光合作用；玉米成熟后在相应的采收期采收玉米，能使同一品种的鲜食玉米水分和粗脂肪含量显著提高，LOX活力降低，能在同样的保存环境下延长玉米的贮藏时间。

Description

一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法
技术领域
本发明属于农业种植技术领域，具体涉及一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法。
背景技术
玉米是我国的主要粮食作物之一，玉米在一般贮藏条件下第二年就会出现陈化变质的情况，随着贮藏过程中温度和湿度的加大，陈化过程也会迅速加快，根据我国农业部统计，我国目前粮食每年贮藏损失平均为9.7%，其中在高温、高湿条件下的损失为3%左右，常年经济损失在20亿人民币左右，而脂质降解是导致谷物贮藏期间编织并且产生陈米霉味的根源，其中脂氧合酶起着关键的作用，因此，脂氧化酶的减少可以降低脂质的氧化反应，减轻玉米粒的氧化变质，使谷物贮藏期间不会因陈化变质而降低品质，保持清新气味，脂氧化酶的活性在贮存过程中也比较重要，因此，需要对如何改变种植管理方法降低脂氧化酶的活性进行研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，包括以下内容：
（1）种子处理：利用混合浸种液对种子浸种处理，浸种时间为2-4小时，浸种时保证浸种液中的含氧量为0.1-0.2mg/L，混合浸种液由以下重量份的原料配制而成：水60份、油菜素内酯1份、三唑酮草酯1份、环丙磺酰胺2份、赤霉素1份；
（2）育苗管理：当玉米苗出齐后，用软装毛刷蘸取质量浓度为0.2-0.8mmol/L的茉莉酸甲酯对幼苗涂刷，按照当地的氮肥施用标准，将氮肥施用量调整为现有技术的1.5倍；
（3）田间管理：在玉米灌浆期，香玉米喷洒复合药水，每100ml复合药水中包括：辛硫酸0.5g、大黄总蒽醌0.2g、齐墩果酸0.4g、苦参碱0.1g；在喷洒药液后2天内不浇水、不追肥。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述方法适用于甜玉米和糯玉米，这两种玉米均属于主要的鲜食类型，鲜食玉米在吐丝后的23-26天采收。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述种子处理时要避光处理。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述育苗管理期间施用软装毛刷对幼苗涂刷时，从幼苗的根部向上涂刷，保证幼苗每个方向均被涂刷。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述在育苗期间，氮肥的施用标准通常为70-80kg/亩，具体用量根据不同地区具体确定。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中通过在低氧、遮光的条件下使用浸种液浸种，能有效保持种子品质，增强种子的抗病性，芽高、胚芽鞘的长度收到一定抑制；配合相应的育苗方法，使幼苗根系得到改善，提高幼苗根系的总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积，提高苗期叶绿素的含量，有益于促进光合作用；玉米成熟后在相应的采收期采收玉米，能使同一品种的鲜食玉米水分和粗脂肪含量显著提高，LOX活力降低，能在同样的保存环境下延长玉米的贮藏时间。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，包括以下内容：
（1）种子处理：利用混合浸种液对种子浸种处理，浸种时间为2-4小时，浸种时保证浸种液中的含氧量为0.1-0.2mg/L，混合浸种液由以下重量份的原料配制而成：水60份、油菜素内酯1份、三唑酮草酯1份、环丙磺酰胺2份、赤霉素1份；
（2）育苗管理：当玉米苗出齐后，用软装毛刷蘸取质量浓度为0.2-0.8mmol/L的茉莉酸甲酯对幼苗涂刷，按照当地的氮肥施用标准，将氮肥施用量调整为现有技术的1.5倍；
（3）田间管理：在玉米灌浆期，香玉米喷洒复合药水，每100ml复合药水中包括：辛硫酸0.5g、大黄总蒽醌0.2g、齐墩果酸0.4g、苦参碱0.1g；在喷洒药液后2天内不浇水、不追肥。
其中，所述育苗管理期间施用软装毛刷对幼苗涂刷时，从幼苗的根部向上涂刷，保证幼苗每个方向均被涂刷；所述在育苗期间，氮肥的施用标准通常为70-80kg/亩，具体用量根据不同地区具体确定。
设置实验，在安徽蚌埠某种植区，选择四块土壤环境相同、面积大小相同的田地，选择晶甜5号和晶甜紫花糯2号作为种植品种，分别分成两组，按照常规方法种植设为对照组11和对照组21，按照本发明中种植分别设为实验组11和实验组21，其中，在实验组11的基础上，将种子处理步骤替换为现有常规方法处理，作为对照组12；在实验组11的基础上，将种子处理步骤替换为现有常规方法处理，作为对照组13；在实验组11的基础上，将种子处理步骤替换为现有常规方法处理，作为对照组14；在实验组21的基础上，按照前述方法分别设置实验组22、23和24；在玉米吐丝后24-25天采收，在采收当天分离得到完整玉米粒，在冷冻环境下保存备用，分别对玉米的水分、粗脂肪和水溶性蛋白进行检测，其中水溶性蛋白含量采用考马斯亮蓝法，以牛血清蛋白进行标准曲线的制作；然后利用分光光度法测定LOX活力，酶活力单位定义为每克样品每分钟吸光度的变化值；分别记录测试结果，得到以下数据：
表1 晶甜5号的各成分含量
从表1中数据可以看出，浸种处理对玉米的成分含量没有明显影响，主要影响幼苗的抗病性和植株品质；其中水溶性蛋白的含量没有明显变化，在粗脂肪含量降低的情况下，LOX活力也相应降低，LOX活力降低，能够适当延长玉米的贮存时长。
表2 晶甜紫花糯2号的各成分含量
从表2中数据可以看出，粗脂肪含量没有明显变化，浸种处理对水溶性蛋白含量有明显影响，多个步骤结合作用，降低了粗脂肪含量，LOX活力降低；
综上所述，本发明中种植方法可以降低玉米种LOX活力，能够延长玉米的贮藏时长。

Claims (5)

1.一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，其特征在于，包括以下内容：
（1）种子处理：利用混合浸种液对种子浸种处理，浸种时间为2-4小时，浸种时保证浸种液中的含氧量为0.1-0.2mg/L，混合浸种液由以下重量份的原料配制而成：水60份、油菜素内酯1份、三唑酮草酯1份、环丙磺酰胺2份、赤霉素1份；
（2）育苗管理：当玉米苗出齐后，用软装毛刷蘸取质量浓度为0.2-0.8mmol/L的茉莉酸甲酯对幼苗涂刷，按照当地的氮肥施用标准，将氮肥施用量调整为现有技术的1.5倍；
（3）田间管理：在玉米灌浆期，香玉米喷洒复合药水，每100ml复合药水中包括：辛硫酸0.5g、大黄总蒽醌0.2g、齐墩果酸0.4g、苦参碱0.1g；在喷洒药液后2天内不浇水、不追肥。
2.如权利要求1所述一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，其特征在于，所述方法适用于甜玉米和糯玉米，这两种玉米均属于主要的鲜食类型，鲜食玉米在吐丝后的23-26天采收。
3.如权利要求1所述一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，其特征在于，所述种子处理时要避光处理。
4.如权利要求1所述一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，其特征在于，所述育苗管理期间施用软装毛刷对幼苗涂刷时，从幼苗的根部向上涂刷，保证幼苗每个方向均被涂刷。
5.如权利要求1所述一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法，其特征在于，所述在育苗期间，氮肥的施用标准通常为70-80kg/亩，具体用量根据不同地区具体确定。
CN201710275772.XA 2017-04-25 2017-04-25 一种降低玉米脂氧化酶活性的种植方法 Withdrawn CN107047011A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108476901A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-09-04 徐晓琴 一种马铃薯的种植方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1663346A (zh) * 2005-03-16 2005-09-07 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 一种山区春玉米的栽培方法
CN101390471A (zh) * 2008-09-11 2009-03-25 罗龙宝 一种绿色糯玉米的栽培方法
CN101406135A (zh) * 2008-11-14 2009-04-15 刘晓波 一种夏玉米的育苗方法
CN101543163A (zh) * 2009-05-08 2009-09-30 朱怀山 一种作物育苗、栽植法
CN103535170A (zh) * 2013-09-18 2014-01-29 宿州市创新生态农业科技有限公司 一种黑糯玉米的种植方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1663346A (zh) * 2005-03-16 2005-09-07 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 一种山区春玉米的栽培方法
CN101390471A (zh) * 2008-09-11 2009-03-25 罗龙宝 一种绿色糯玉米的栽培方法
CN101406135A (zh) * 2008-11-14 2009-04-15 刘晓波 一种夏玉米的育苗方法
CN101543163A (zh) * 2009-05-08 2009-09-30 朱怀山 一种作物育苗、栽植法
CN103535170A (zh) * 2013-09-18 2014-01-29 宿州市创新生态农业科技有限公司 一种黑糯玉米的种植方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108476901A (zh) * 2018-05-21 2018-09-04 徐晓琴 一种马铃薯的种植方法

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