CN107043933A - A kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface - Google Patents
A kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN107043933A CN107043933A CN201710245362.0A CN201710245362A CN107043933A CN 107043933 A CN107043933 A CN 107043933A CN 201710245362 A CN201710245362 A CN 201710245362A CN 107043933 A CN107043933 A CN 107043933A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.After being pre-processed to cast iron base material, surface preparation is first carried out using laser remolten in substrate surface, chemical composition to substrate surface while base material overall performance is not changed is adjusted, laser melting coating is carried out again, makes substrate surface and cladding material after laser remolten processing while melting and being rapidly solidificated into cladding layer.Cladding layer pore-free, crack defect prepared by the present invention, fundamentally solve ironcasting due to the problem of phosphorus content height easily stomata, crack defect occurs in laser melting coating.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of to be melted using laser remolten with laser the present invention relates to laser technology and coat preparing technology field
Cover the method that the technique being combined prepares zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.
Background technology
Cast iron has the castability not worse than steel, wearability, absorb shock resistance, machinability and low notch sensitivity etc.
Series of advantages, is most widely used in the industry.
But there is defect and cause workpiece integrally to be scrapped in Chang Yin local frictions, corrosion, oxidation etc. during under arms.Laser
Cladding turns into the important process remanufactured due to its excellent performance.But due to cladding material and matrix thing in cladding process
Difference and base material attribute of rationality energy etc. are commonly present stomata, crack defect, as shown in Figure 5, greatly hinder laser and melt
The development of coating technique.
For this problem, many scholars are studied, and Yan Shixing etc. have studied gray cast iron laser melting coating NiCuFeBSi conjunctions
The Stomatal morphology of gold, it is found that the stomata in cladding layer stems primarily from the melting of graphite in matrix, the CO of gas making reaction generation.And
The strong convection for pointing out bath is to influence the internal factor of stomata.Influence of the technological parameter to stomata is have studied, it is appropriate to find
Reduction laser power, sweep speed, gas can be reduced by improving substrate preheating temperature etc. by extending the time that liquid state molten pool is present
Hole defect, but the generation of gas is reduced not from root.And defects in cladding layer is improved by preheated substrate, not only increase
Cost, also changes matrix.Cladding defect is improved by adjusting process parameter, the gas overflowing time can only be extended, it is impossible to
The problem of fundamentally solving gas hole defect, has an effect on operating efficiency.The present invention is combined using laser remolten with laser melting coating
Technique, by changing the Elemental redistribution on base material top layer, prevented the presence of free carbon, fundamentally prevented the production of gas
It is raw, it yet there are no the report and patent of correlation.
The content of the invention
Laser remolten is combined with laser melting coating it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind
New technology, Iron Casting Surface obtain pore-free, crack defect cladding layer.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, comprises the following steps：
（1）Sample pretreatment；
Wire cutting first is carried out into 45 × 35 × 10m to cast iron base material3Sample after, 600-1000# is polishing to sand paper, in acetone
Ultrasonic wave cleans 10~15min in solution, with deionized water rinsing, hair-dryer cold wind drying sample；
（2）Laser remolten processing is carried out to the sample of pretreatment；
The technological parameter of laser remolten is：Laser power P is 200~1500W, and scan velocity V is 10~600mm/min, hot spot
Diameter D is 0.8~3mm, and overlapping rate M is 30~60%, and focal length H is 180~220mm, and protection air-flow L is 4~15L/min；
The step（2）Middle laser remolten is secondary or repeated revert-melt, and the remelting layer surface after laser remolten should be smooth, again
Pore-free inside crucible zone；
（3）Laser Cladding Treatment is carried out to the sample after laser remolten processing；
Carry out before Laser Cladding Treatment, first cladding material is dried processing, drying temperature is 100~120 DEG C, the time is
8~10h；Specimen surface and cladding material after laser remolten processing are made while melting and rapid solidification by Laser Cladding Treatment
Into cladding layer；The technological parameter of laser melting coating is：Laser power P is 400~2000W, and scan velocity V is 60~800mm/min,
Spot diameter D is 0.8~3mm, and powder feeding voltage U is 5~35V, and overlapping rate M is 30~60%, and focal length H is 180~220mm, protection
Air-flow L is 4~15L/min；
（4）Subsequent treatment, including machining, oil removing and polishing are carried out to the sample after Laser Cladding Treatment, makes specimen surface light
Clean, completion prepares zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.
Further, the step（1）In cast iron base material include：Vermicular cast iron, gray cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Further, the step（3）In cladding material include cobalt base self-fluxing alloy, nickel-based self-fluxing alloy, iron-based from
Fusion gold and ceramics/metal based composites.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1st, the present invention is prepared using the method that laser melting coating is combined after laser remolten matrix
Cladding layer, with base material into metallurgical binding, pore-free defect, coating uniform is fine and close, excellent performance.
2nd, laser remolten of the present invention only changes the chemical composition of matrix skin, tissue.And reduced by pre- hot substrate
Gas hole defect, is integrally heat-treated to workpiece, changes original tissue.Compared to by adjusting process parameter, appropriate
Reduce sweep speed, laser power to reduce gas hole defect, effect becomes apparent from, and is not limited by melting and coating process parameter.
3rd, the present invention is adjusted using laser remolten to the chemical composition of workpiece surface, tissue, has prevented base material top layer
The presence of free graphite, significantly reduces the carbon content on top layer, fundamentally solves due to the carbon content in base material
It is too high and the problem of cause in laser cladding process easily gas hole defect occur.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the remelting Cross Section Morphology figure of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the cladding layer Cross Section Morphology of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Reference in Fig. 2：A- vermicular cast irons base material, b- cladding layers.
Fig. 3 is the line scanning to base material at the top of remelted layer of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the XRD spectrum of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the laser cladding layer Cross Section Morphology without pre- remelting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described, but does not limit the scope of the invention
And application.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, comprises the following steps：
1. sample pretreatment；Wire cutting first is carried out into 45 × 35 × 10m to cast iron base material3Sample after, be polishing to sand paper
800#, ultrasonic wave cleans 10min in acetone soln, with deionized water rinsing, hair-dryer cold wind drying sample；
2. the sample of pair pretreatment carries out laser remolten processing；The technological parameter of laser remolten is：Laser power P is 400W, is swept
Speed V is retouched for 30mm/min, spot diameter D is 2mm, overlapping rate M is 30%, focal length H is 209mm, protection air-flow L is 6L/min；
3. repeat step 2, carries out secondary laser re melting process；
4. selection Co-based alloy powder is cladding material, each component content of Co-based alloy powder is as follows：Si contents 1.8~
The Wt% of 3.0 Wt%, Cr content 0~6.0, the Wt% of 0.8~1.2 Wt%, Fe content of B content, 0~0.5 Wt%, Mn content 0~0.5,
0~0.05Wt% of C content, surplus is Ni, and the granularity of Co-based alloy powder is 200~300 mesh；Co-based alloy powder is done
Dry processing, drying temperature is 120 DEG C, and the time is 8h.
5. carrying out Laser Cladding Treatment to the sample after laser remolten processing using optical fiber laser, handle laser remolten
Specimen surface and cladding material afterwards melts simultaneously and is rapidly solidificated into cladding layer；The technological parameter of laser melting coating is：Laser work(
Rate P is 800W, and scan velocity V is 180mm/min, and spot diameter D is 2mm, and overlapping rate M is 30%, and powder feeding voltage U is 7V, focal length
H is 209mm, and protection air-flow L is 6L/min.
6. the sample after pair Laser Cladding Treatment carries out subsequent treatment, including machining, oil removing and polishing, make specimen surface
Bright and clean, completion prepares zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, comprises the following steps：
1. sample pretreatment；Wire cutting first is carried out into 45 × 35 × 10m to cast iron base material3Sample after, be polishing to sand paper
800#, ultrasonic wave cleans 10min in acetone soln, with deionized water rinsing, hair-dryer cold wind drying sample；
2. the sample of pair pretreatment carries out laser remolten processing；The technological parameter of laser remolten is：Laser power P is 1000W, is swept
Speed V is retouched for 400mm/min, spot diameter D is 3mm, and overlapping rate 40%, focal length H is 200mm, and protection air-flow L is 15L/min；
3. repeat step 2, carries out secondary laser re melting process；
4. selection iron(-)base powder is cladding material, each component content of iron(-)base powder is as follows：Si contents 2.5~
7.5%, Cr content 3~6%, B content 1.3~2.0%, C content 0.15~0.75%, Ni contents 10~25%, surplus is Fe, iron-based
The granularity of alloy powder is 200~300 mesh；Iron(-)base powder is dried processing, drying temperature is 100 DEG C, the time is
10h, sends into the dust feeder of optical fiber laser after drying.
5. carrying out Laser Cladding Treatment to the sample after laser remolten processing using optical fiber laser, handle laser remolten
Specimen surface and cladding material afterwards melts simultaneously and is rapidly solidificated into cladding layer；The technological parameter of laser melting coating is：Laser work(
Rate P is 1800W, and scan velocity V is 540mm/min, and spot diameter D is 3mm, and overlapping rate 40%, powder feeding voltage U is 20V, focal length H
For 200mm, protection air-flow L is 15L/min.
6. the sample after pair Laser Cladding Treatment carries out subsequent treatment, including machining, oil removing and polishing, make specimen surface
Bright and clean, completion prepares zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, comprises the following steps：
1. sample pretreatment；Wire cutting first is carried out into 45 × 35 × 10m to cast iron base material3Sample after, be polishing to sand paper
1500#, ultrasonic wave cleans 15min in acetone soln, with deionized water rinsing, hair-dryer cold wind drying sample；
2. the sample of pair pretreatment carries out laser remolten processing；The technological parameter of laser remolten is：Laser power P is 1600W, is swept
Speed V is retouched for 240mm/min, spot diameter D is 2mm, and overlapping rate 50%, focal length H is 209mm, and protection air-flow L is 15L/min；
3. repeat step 2, carries out secondary laser re melting process；
4. selection Co-based alloy powder is cladding material, each component content of Co-based alloy powder is as follows：Si contents 0.2~
0.4 4~12Wt% of Wt%, Cr content, 0.8~1.2 Wt%, Fe content of B content 0~1 Wt%, O contain 0~0.01 Wt%, C content
0.75~0.95Wt%, W content 7~8%, Ni contents 9.3-11.3%, P content 0~0.01%, surplus is Co, Co-based alloy powder
Granularity be 200~300 mesh；Co-based alloy powder is dried processing, drying temperature is 120 DEG C, and the time is 8h, after drying
Send into the dust feeder of optical fiber laser.
5. carrying out Laser Cladding Treatment to the sample after laser remolten processing using optical fiber laser, handle laser remolten
Specimen surface and cladding material afterwards melts simultaneously and is rapidly solidificated into cladding layer；The technological parameter of laser melting coating is：Laser work(
Rate P is 2000W, and scan velocity V is 360mm/min, and spot diameter D is 3mm, and overlapping rate 50%, powder feeding voltage U is 30V, focal length H
For 200mm, protection air-flow L is 15L/min.
6. the sample after pair Laser Cladding Treatment carries out subsequent treatment, including machining, oil removing and polishing, make specimen surface
Bright and clean, completion prepares zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.
To cladding layer made from embodiment 1, embodiment 4, ESEM is utilized（SEM）, observation by light microscope remelted layer
With the Cross Section Morphology of cladding layer, energy disperse spectroscopy is utilized（EDS）The Elemental redistribution of remelted layer and matrix is analyzed, X-ray diffraction point is utilized
Analyzer（XRD）Detect the phase structure of remelted layer；Measurement result is shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 and table 1, and measurement result shows：
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the remelted layer and cladding layer of embodiment 1 are without obvious gas hole defect, mainly by secondary remelting
Afterwards, remelted layer melts again, and the stomata in original weight crucible zone can have the secondary remelting layer after the chance overflowed again, therefore solidification
Pore-free defect.Matrix skin carbon largely obtains scaling loss, the graphite of no free state, pore-free after secondary remelting
Defect, therefore follow-up laser cladding layer is without obvious gas hole defect.
As shown in Table 1, remelted layer carbon of the embodiment 1 after secondary remelting is reacted due to scaling loss or with oxygen, carbon member
Cellulose content is significantly reduced.From the figure 3, it may be seen that cladding layer carbon, ferro element distribution after the secondary laser remelting of embodiment 1 are very
Uniformly, carbon element content is significantly reduced.
As shown in Figure 4, exist after secondary laser remelting without graphite-phase, remelted layer thing is mutually Fe3C, α-Fe and γ-Fe.
Table 1 is that the remelted layer levels of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and each element of vermicular cast iron base material constituency elementary analysis are specific
Content.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Sample pretreatment；
Wire cutting first is carried out into 45 × 35 × 10m to cast iron base material3Sample after, 600~1000# is polishing to sand paper, in acetone
Ultrasonic wave cleans 10~15min in solution, with deionized water rinsing, hair-dryer cold wind drying sample；
（2）Laser remolten processing is carried out to the sample of pretreatment；
The technological parameter of laser remolten is：Laser power P is 200~1500W, and scan velocity V is 10~600mm/min, hot spot
Diameter D is 0.8~3mm, and overlapping rate M is 30~60%, and focal length H is 180~220mm, and protection air-flow L is 4~15L/min；
The step（2）Middle laser remolten is secondary or repeated revert-melt, and the remelting layer surface after laser remolten should be smooth, again
Pore-free inside crucible zone；
（3）Laser Cladding Treatment is carried out to the sample after laser remolten processing；
Carry out before Laser Cladding Treatment, first cladding material is dried processing, drying temperature is 100~120 DEG C, the time is
8~10h；Specimen surface and cladding material after laser remolten processing are made while melting and rapid solidification by Laser Cladding Treatment
Into cladding layer；The technological parameter of laser melting coating is：Laser power P is 400~2000W, and scan velocity V is 60~800mm/min,
Spot diameter D is 0.8~3mm, and powder feeding voltage U is 6~35V, and overlapping rate M is 30~60%, and focal length H is 180~220mm, protection
Air-flow L is 4~15L/min；
（4）Subsequent treatment, including machining, oil removing and polishing are carried out to the sample after Laser Cladding Treatment, makes specimen surface light
Clean, completion prepares zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface.
2. the method according to claim 1 for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, it is characterised in that：The step
（1）In cast iron base material include：Vermicular cast iron, gray cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
3. the method according to claim 1 for preparing zero defect cladding layer in Cast Iron Surface, it is characterised in that：The step
（3）In cladding material to include cobalt base self-fluxing alloy, nickel-based self-fluxing alloy, Fe-based self-fluxing alloy and ceramics/metal base multiple
Condensation material.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN107779860A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-09 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic vertical prop piston rod and middle cylinder barrel laser cladding method |
| CN108265168A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-07-10 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of vermicular cast iron surface laser consolidation method |
| CN108384925A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-10 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of Cast Iron Surface laser remolten strengthening layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109967745A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-05 | 常熟市华德粉末冶金有限公司 | A method of iron-base powder metallurgical product surface abrasion resistance is improved by electron beam remelting |
| CN109136802B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-05-29 | 沈阳工业大学 | Laser pretreatment corrosion-resistant strengthening process for aluminum alloy |
| CN111519184A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 南宁师范大学 | Method for preparing repairing layer on surface of worn high-voltage switch contact |
| CN112501606A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-16 | 江苏大学 | Laser spot shaping device and method for preparing single-layer cladding layer |
| CN116200628A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-06-02 | 天津辉锐激光科技有限公司 | Ductile iron corrosion-resistant alloy layer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107779860A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-09 | 西安必盛激光科技有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic vertical prop piston rod and middle cylinder barrel laser cladding method |
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| CN108384925A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-10 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of Cast Iron Surface laser remolten strengthening layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109136802B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-05-29 | 沈阳工业大学 | Laser pretreatment corrosion-resistant strengthening process for aluminum alloy |
| CN109967745A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-05 | 常熟市华德粉末冶金有限公司 | A method of iron-base powder metallurgical product surface abrasion resistance is improved by electron beam remelting |
| CN111519184A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-11 | 南宁师范大学 | Method for preparing repairing layer on surface of worn high-voltage switch contact |
| CN112501606A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-16 | 江苏大学 | Laser spot shaping device and method for preparing single-layer cladding layer |
| CN116200628A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-06-02 | 天津辉锐激光科技有限公司 | Ductile iron corrosion-resistant alloy layer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170815 |
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