CN107042632B - Reducing nozzle and extruding device for building 3D printing - Google Patents
Reducing nozzle and extruding device for building 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107042632B CN107042632B CN201710457592.3A CN201710457592A CN107042632B CN 107042632 B CN107042632 B CN 107042632B CN 201710457592 A CN201710457592 A CN 201710457592A CN 107042632 B CN107042632 B CN 107042632B
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reducing spray head for building 3D printing, which comprises: the device comprises a rotary drive plate, a bottom plate, four linear guide rails, four slide blocks and four right-angle moving plates; when the rotary driving plate and the bottom plate rotate relatively, the rotary driving plate drives the four driving parts to rotate synchronously through the four driving grooves, then the four sliding blocks are driven to slide synchronously along the four linear guide rails, the four sliding blocks drive the four right-angle moving pieces to synchronously move relatively, and therefore the size of the caliber of the square nozzle can be changed by changing the relative positions of the four right-angle moving pieces in the printing process. When the area with a larger printing area is printed, the caliber of the square nozzle can be enlarged, the discharging speed is improved, repeated printing for many times is not needed, and the staying time of the spray head at the position is not needed to be prolonged, so that the printing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building 3D printing, in particular to a reducing nozzle and an extrusion device for building 3D printing, which are used for 3D printing of extruded and cured cement mortar masonry.
Background
The 3D printing technology is additive manufacturing technology for manufacturing three-dimensional structures directly from digital models, originates in the 80 th 20 th century, integrates the leading-edge technologies of various subjects such as information technology, electromechanical control technology, material science technology and the like, and is successfully applied to the industries such as aerospace, automobiles, biomedicine and the like at present. The 3D printing technology brings a brand-new idea for the development and the transformation of the building industry, has strong application potential in the aspect of solving the problems of environmental pollution, resource waste, shortage of human resources and the like which are puzzled in the traditional building industry, and particularly mainly comprises the following steps:
1) A template is not needed, so that the requirement of manual labor force is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced;
2) The on-site construction time is greatly shortened by means of machine automation construction, and the construction efficiency is improved;
3) The additive manufacturing mode reduces material waste and building garbage discharge, and effectively protects the environment;
4) The digital design breaks through the existing design freedom degree, and more complex building and structural design is realized.
In modern engineering construction, cement mortar (concrete) is a most widely used composite building material, and is used as a raw material for 3D printing, so that the cement mortar is a mainstream choice of the existing building 3D printing technology based on an extrusion curing process. The building 3D printing hardware system mainly comprises a control device, a moving device, a feeding device and an extruding device, wherein the extruding device is directly related to the forming quality of the printed building product component and is very important. However, the existing architectural 3D printing extrusion device generally has some disadvantages in practical application, mainly including the following aspects:
(1) The nozzle size of the existing extrusion device is fixed in the printing process, when a constant small-caliber nozzle is used for processing a complex large graph, multiple processing is often required, or the printing manufacturing can be completed only by staying longer printing time in a region with a larger area, so that the printing efficiency is low directly.
(2) The nozzle of the existing extrusion device is circular, the outer surface of a printed component product has obvious layered textures with radian, and especially the molding quality requirement of the original design can not be met at the corner and the position with obvious curvature change.
(3) The existing extrusion device is not enough to be considered for the requirement of cleaning the equipment after printing, particularly, the nozzle device is very inconvenient to disassemble, assemble and clean, and the tubular nozzle is adopted, so that part of materials are always left and deposited due to the fact that the inside of the nozzle cannot be completely cleaned, the forming quality in the subsequent use process is influenced, and the device is directly damaged due to the fact that the material is heavy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the spray head, and the technical problems of low printing efficiency, difficulty in meeting the molding quality requirement, and inconvenience in disassembly, assembly and cleaning in the prior art are solved by arranging the diameter-variable structure, the square spray nozzle and the parts which are convenient to disassemble and assemble.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a variable diameter nozzle for 3D printing of a building, comprising: the device comprises a rotary drive plate, a bottom plate, four linear guide rails, four slide blocks and four right-angle moving plates;
the rotary drive plate is circumferentially provided with four drive grooves;
the bottom plate is positioned below the rotary drive plate; the four linear guide rails are distributed in a square shape and are arranged on the bottom plate;
the four sliding blocks are correspondingly arranged on the four linear guide rails in a sliding manner one by one, and each of the four sliding blocks is provided with a driving part, and the four driving parts are inserted into the four driving grooves one by one;
the four right-angle moving pieces are positioned below the bottom plate and are correspondingly arranged on the four sliding blocks one by one, and the right-angle sides of the four right-angle moving pieces are attached to each other two by two and form a square nozzle in the middle; wherein,
the bottom plate and the rotary driving plate are both provided with through holes corresponding to the square nozzles and used for blanking;
when the rotary driving plate and the bottom plate rotate relatively, the rotary driving plate drives the four driving parts to rotate synchronously through the four driving grooves, so that the four sliding blocks are driven to slide synchronously along the four linear guide rails, and the four sliding blocks drive the four right-angle moving plates to synchronously generate relative movement, so that the caliber of the square nozzle is changed.
Further, a limiting plate is included; the limiting plate is provided with a plane which is tightly attached to the four right-angle moving pieces so as to ensure that the four right-angle moving pieces are always positioned on the same plane in the moving process; the limiting plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the square nozzle.
Furthermore, the device comprises four bearings which are correspondingly arranged in the four driving grooves one by one; the four driving parts are all in shaft-shaped structures and are inserted into the four bearings in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
In another aspect, to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides an extrusion apparatus for 3D printing of a building, which includes the variable diameter nozzle described above.
Furthermore, the reducing nozzle comprises a first rotating sleeve and a first motor, and the first motor is used for driving the first rotating sleeve to rotate; the rotary drive plate is arranged on the first rotary sleeve and rotates synchronously with the first rotary sleeve.
Further, the extrusion apparatus comprises a rotation module comprising a second rotation sleeve and a second motor; the second motor is used for driving the second rotating sleeve to rotate, and the bottom plate is arranged on the second rotating sleeve;
the rotary driving plate, the bottom plate, the first rotary sleeve and the second rotary sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the first rotary sleeve is sleeved outside the second rotary sleeve.
Further, the extrusion device comprises a stirring module and a material conveying module; the stirring module, the material conveying module, the rotating module and the reducing spray head are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the stirring module comprises a third motor, a stirring impeller and a hopper; the third motor is connected with a stirring impeller, the stirring impeller is arranged in the hopper, and the lower part of the hopper is a material outlet;
the material conveying module comprises a fourth motor, a screw rod and a screw pump stator; the fourth motor is connected with a screw rod, the screw rod is arranged at a material outlet at the lower part of the hopper, and the upper part of the screw rod is positioned in the screw rod;
the upper end of a second rotary sleeve of the rotary module is connected with the screw pump, and the lower part of the screw is positioned in the second rotary sleeve.
Further, a third motor is connected with the stirring impeller through a third rotating sleeve, and a fourth motor is coaxially arranged with the third rotating sleeve with a connecting shaft of the screw rod and is positioned inside the third rotating sleeve.
Furthermore, the rotating module also comprises a first motor mounting seat, and the first motor mounting seat is fixed outside the second rotating sleeve; the first motor and the first rotating sleeve are both arranged on the first motor mounting seat and move synchronously with the second rotating sleeve; the first rotating sleeve is rotatable relative to the first motor mount.
Further, the limiting plate is installed on first motor mount pad, along with first motor mount pad synchronous motion, and the bottom plate is located between limiting plate and the first motor mount pad.
Generally, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the nozzle is formed by combining the four right-angle moving pieces, the size of the caliber of the nozzle can be changed by changing the relative positions of the four right-angle moving pieces in the printing process, when an area with a larger printing area is printed, the caliber of the nozzle can be enlarged, the discharging speed is improved, repeated printing is not needed for many times, the retention time of the nozzle at the position is not needed to be prolonged, and the printing efficiency is improved;
2. the invention adopts the square nozzle, can obviously relieve or even eliminate the layering texture with radian on the outer surface of a printed component product, particularly at the corner and the position with obvious curvature change, has obvious improvement effect and obviously improves the molding quality;
3. the square nozzle is formed by splicing four right-angle moving pieces, so that the square nozzle is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and compared with the traditional tubular nozzle, the inner part of the square nozzle is difficult to clean;
4. the device adopts a modular design, and all four functional modules can be disassembled and assembled, so that the maintenance and the cleaning are convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an extrusion apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially exploded and perspective schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an overall assembly view of the rotary module and the variable diameter nozzle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an assembly of a rotary module and a variable diameter nozzle;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view from the bottom of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the variable diameter nozzle assembly with a second rotating sleeve;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a process of changing the orifice diameter of a square nozzle;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a stirring module;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a delivery module;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an auxiliary structural member;
fig. 13 is a functional block diagram of the extrusion apparatus of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
1-reducing nozzle
11-rotating dial 111-drive slot 112 baffle
113-bearing 114-spacing ring 12-bottom plate
13-linear guide 14-slider 141-drive section
15-right-angle moving plate 151-square nozzle 16-limiting plate
17-first motor 18-first rotating sleeve 19-first motor mount
2-rotating Module
21-second electric machine 22-second rotating sleeve 23-first fastener
24-second Motor mounting base 25-second fastener
3-stirring module
31-third motor 32-stirring impeller 33-hopper
34-third rotating sleeve 35-sprocket mechanism
4-Material conveying module
41-fourth motor 42-coupler 43-screw
44-screw pump stator 45-universal driving shaft
5-auxiliary structural member
51-main body support 52-third motor mounting seat 53-fourth motor mounting seat
54-hopper mount 55-first protective shield 56-second protective shield
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In order to solve the problems that the existing building 3D printing and forming device based on extrusion curing is poor in appearance quality, low in printing efficiency, inconvenient in equipment disassembly, assembly, cleaning and maintenance and the like, the invention provides an extrusion device for building 3D printing.
Fig. 1-3 are perspective and exploded views of the extrusion device. The extrusion device is arranged on a lifting beam of a movement device of the whole 3D printing system, namely a portal frame type three-axis coordinate machine (not shown), and consists of four modules, namely a reducing spray head 1, a rotating module 2, a stirring module 3, a material conveying module 4 and other auxiliary structural members 5. The stirring module 3, the material conveying module 4, the rotating module 2 and the reducing nozzle 1 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The extrusion device has better disassembly and assembly performance by adopting the modular design, and is convenient to clean and maintain.
In the invention, the cooperative work of the reducing nozzle and the rotating module is the key for realizing intelligent extrusion of materials and improving the processing efficiency, and please refer to fig. 4-8, which are schematic diagrams for assembling and disassembling the reducing nozzle 1 and the rotating module 2. The operation principle, process and specific structure of these two modules will be described with reference to fig. 4-8.
The reducing nozzle 1 comprises a rotary dial 11, a bottom plate 12, four linear guide rails 13, four sliding blocks 14 and four right-angle moving plates 15. The rotary dial 11 is circumferentially provided with four drive grooves 111. The bottom plate 12 is located below the rotary dial 11, and the four linear guide rails 13 are arranged in a square shape and are mounted on the bottom plate 12. The four sliders 14 are slidably mounted on the four linear guide rails 13 in a one-to-one correspondence, and each of the four sliders 14 is provided with one driving portion 141, and the total of the four driving portions 141 are inserted into the four driving grooves 111 in a one-to-one correspondence. The four right-angle moving pieces 15 are located below the bottom plate 12 and are installed on the four sliding blocks 14 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the right-angle sides of the four right-angle moving pieces 15 are attached to each other two by two, and a square nozzle 151 is defined by the middle of the four right-angle moving pieces (as shown in fig. 9).
Wherein, the bottom plate 12 and the rotary driving plate 11 are both provided with through holes corresponding to the square nozzles 151 for blanking. When the rotary driving plate 11 and the bottom plate 12 rotate relatively, the rotary driving plate 11 drives the four driving portions 141 to rotate synchronously through the four driving grooves 111, and further drives the four sliding blocks 14 to slide synchronously along the four linear guide rails 13, and the four sliding blocks 14 drive the four right-angle moving plates 15 to move synchronously and relatively, so that the caliber of the square nozzle 151 is changed.
The reducing nozzle also comprises a limiting plate 16, the limiting plate 16 is provided with a plane, and the plane is tightly attached to the four right-angle moving pieces 15 so as to ensure that the four right-angle moving pieces 15 are always positioned on the same plane in the moving process; the limiting plate 16 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the square nozzle 151.
In order to make the rotary dial 11 drive the slide block 14 more smoothly, the reducing nozzle further comprises four bearings 113 which are correspondingly arranged in the four driving grooves 111 one by one; the four driving portions 141 are each of a shaft-like structure and are inserted into the four bearings 113 in a one-to-one correspondence. The driving groove 111 is provided with a baffle 112, and the outer edge of the rotary dial is provided with a limit ring 114, so that the bearing 113 is ensured to be positioned in the driving groove 111. In other embodiments (not shown), the driving groove 111 may be directly set as a waist-shaped blind hole, and the bearing 113 is placed therein, so that the position-limiting ring 114 is not required.
The reducing nozzle is a centering reducing structure, is different from the overlapped design of a camera shutter, and can be called as a translation splicing type centering reducing structure. This structure is formed the central symmetry reducing right angle rotor 15 crowd who closely arranges on same horizontal plane by two liang of concatenations of the identical right angle rotor 15 of a plurality of shape size, every right angle rotor 15 all with a slider 14 rigid connection, every slider 14 can move along a linear guide 13, right angle rotor 15 promptly, slider 14, linear guide 13 one-to-one, linear guide 13 is located a bottom plate 12, bottom plate 12 passes through bolt and rotary module 2's second rotating sleeve 22 rigid connection. In other embodiments (not shown), the four right-angle moving pieces 15 may have different shapes and sizes, as long as the four right-angle portions are relatively arranged to form the square nozzle 151.
The reducing nozzle 1 further comprises a first motor 17, a first rotating sleeve 18 and a first motor mounting seat 19, the first motor 17 and the first rotating sleeve 18 are both mounted on the first motor mounting seat 19, and the first rotating sleeve 18 can be driven by the first motor 17 to rotate relative to the first motor mounting seat 19. In the present embodiment, the rotary dial 11 is fastened to the first rotary sleeve 18 by a bolt, and in another embodiment (not shown), the rotary dial 11 may be provided on the first rotary sleeve 18 by integral molding. The limiting plate 16 is mounted on the first motor mounting seat 19 and moves synchronously with the first motor mounting seat 19, and the bottom plate 12 is located between the limiting plate 16 and the first motor mounting seat 19. In another embodiment (not shown), the baffle 112 may not be provided if the position of the bearing 113 is restricted by directly engaging the lower end surface of the first rotating sleeve 18 with the slider 14.
When a rotation signal is received, the first motor 17 drives the first rotating sleeve 18 to rotate, so as to drive the rotating drive plate 11 to rotate, and further drive all the sliders 14 to synchronously move along the linear guide rail 13, all the right-angle moving pieces 15 passively perform centrifugal or centripetal movement under the driving of the corresponding sliders 14, and are staggered along contact surfaces, small holes with central symmetrical shapes are formed in a central area surrounded by the four right-angle moving pieces 15, the shapes of the small holes are determined by the contact surfaces of the right-angle moving pieces 15, the calibers of the small holes are determined by the staggered distance of the right-angle moving pieces 15, and the centers of the small holes are kept unchanged and do not rotate all the time. The small hole is a square nozzle 151, that is, the square nozzle 151 can be centered and changed in diameter because the geometric center of the square nozzle 151 is located on the rotation axis of the rotation.
Please refer to fig. 9, which is a squareIn the diameter-changing process of the nozzle 151, in fig. 9, when the rotary dial 11 (not shown in fig. 9) is rotated counterclockwise, the four right-angle blades 15 linearly slide counterclockwise, and the diameter of the square nozzle 151 is adjusted to d 1 、d 2 、d 3 Gradually decreases until it is 0, i.e. closes. When the rotary dial 11 rotates clockwise, the aperture of the square nozzle 151 is according to d 3 、d 2 、d 1 Gradually increases in order. The increasing and reducing processes are reversible, so that the reducing nozzle can control the right-angle moving plate 15 to slide along the bottom plate 12 in real time to automatically adjust the caliber size of the square nozzle 151 to change within a preset range (for example, 0 mm-20 mm) according to the geometric shape of a processed graph and the planned scanning travelling route of the square nozzle 151 in the printing process, so that the most effective and reasonable nozzle size is always kept at different processing positions.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the rotating module 2 is used to rotate the square nozzle 151 in the horizontal plane, and specifically, the rotating module 2 is matched with a variable diameter nozzle, and on a curve printing path, the angle of the square nozzle 151 is adjusted in real time according to the change of the tangential direction, so that the angle is always adapted to the curvature change of the scanning traveling path.
The rotation module 2 includes a second motor 21, a second rotation sleeve 22, a second motor mount 24, a first fastener 23, and a second fastener 25. The second motor 21 is used for driving the second rotating sleeve 22 to rotate, and the bottom plate 12 is arranged on the second rotating sleeve 22. The rotary dial 11, the bottom plate 12, the first rotary sleeve 18 and the second rotary sleeve 22 are coaxially arranged, and the first rotary sleeve 18 is sleeved outside the second rotary sleeve 22.
The second motor mounting seat 24 is fixed on the main body bracket 51 of the extrusion device, and the second motor 21 is fixed on the second motor mounting seat 24. In this embodiment, the first motor mounting seat 19 is fixedly connected to the second rotating sleeve 22 through the first fastening member 23, so that the reducing nozzle can rotate synchronously with the second rotating sleeve 22. In other embodiments (not shown), the first motor mounting seat 19 may be integrally formed on the second rotating sleeve 22. The second motor 21 is connected to a rotating shaft, which is constructed in the same manner as the first rotating sleeve 18 of the variable diameter nozzle, to form a rotating module. The second rotating sleeve 22 is rigidly connected to the rotating shaft of the rotating module through a second fastener 25, and when the second motor 21 receives the rotation signal and rotates, the second rotating sleeve 22 is driven by the second fastener 25 to rotate synchronously. In other embodiments (not shown), a speed reducer, a sprocket, or the like may be used to directly connect the second motor 21 and the second rotating sleeve 22.
Referring to fig. 10, the stirring module 3 includes a third motor 31, a stirring impeller 32, a hopper 33, and the like. The stirring module 3 includes a third motor 31, a sprocket mechanism 35, a third rotating sleeve 34, a stirring impeller 32, and a hopper 33. The third motor 31 is connected with a stirring impeller 32, the stirring impeller 32 is arranged in a hopper 33, and the lower part of the hopper 33 is a material outlet. The third motor 31 is connected with a third rotating sleeve 34 through a chain wheel mechanism 35, the lower end of the third rotating sleeve 34 is fixedly connected with a stirring impeller 32, and the impeller is positioned in the hopper 33. The third motor 31 of the stirring module 3 controls the rotation speed of the stirring impeller 32 within a proper range, so that the material in the hopper 33 keeps ideal fluidity through stirring action, and the material is extruded downwards by matching with the material conveying module.
Referring to fig. 11, the feeding module includes a fourth motor 41, a coupler 42, a screw 43, a screw pump stator 44, and a linkage shaft 45. The fourth motor 41 is connected with a screw 43 through a linkage shaft 45 and a coupler 42, a screw pump stator 44 is arranged at a material outlet at the lower part of the hopper 33, and the upper part of the screw 43 is positioned in the screw pump stator 44. The upper part of the second rotary sleeve 22 of the rotary module 2 is provided with a stepped hole for connecting the lower part of the screw pump stator 44, and the lower part of the screw 43 is positioned in the second rotary sleeve 22. The third motor 31 is connected with the stirring impeller 32 through a third rotating sleeve 34, a connecting shaft (i.e. a linkage shaft 45) of the fourth motor 41 and the screw 43 is coaxially arranged with the third rotating sleeve 34, and the linkage shaft 45 is positioned inside the third rotating sleeve 34.
In this embodiment, the stirring impeller 32, the screw 43 blade, the motor and the like of the stirring module 3 and the material conveying module are all connected by the elastic coupling 42, so that the buffering performance and the damping performance are good, the cleaning can be conveniently detached at any time, and the equipment maintenance is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 12, the extruding apparatus of the present invention further includes an auxiliary structural member 5, wherein the auxiliary structural member 5 includes a main body bracket 51, a third motor mounting seat 52, a fourth motor mounting seat 53, a hopper mounting seat 54, a first protection cover 55, a second protection cover 56, and a feeding port. The main body support 51 is used for supporting each module and mounting each module on a gantry type three-axis coordinate machine of the 3D printing system. The third motor mount 52 is used for mounting the third motor 31, the fourth motor mount 53 is used for mounting the fourth motor 41, the hopper mount 54 is used for mounting the hopper 33, the first protective cover 55 is used for protecting the chain wheel mechanism 35, and the second protective cover 56 is used for protecting the rotating module 2. In particular, in the present embodiment, the first protection cover 55 and the second protection cover 56 are made of transparent materials, such as acrylic materials, so as to facilitate observation of the internal operation condition and timely find out problems.
The assembly relationship between each component of the auxiliary structural member 5 and other modules is shown in fig. 1-3, and the conventional bolt mounting and fastening manner is adopted in this embodiment, so that the details are not repeated.
Fig. 13 is a block diagram illustrating the working principle of the present invention. The working process of the extrusion device of the invention is as follows:
(1) The third motor of the stirring module 3 drives the stirring impeller 32 to stir the material delivered and supplied by the feeding device in the hopper 33, and the reasonable impeller rotating speed is matched according to the consistency of the material to ensure that the material reaches the fluidity required by extrusion.
(2) The servo motor of the material conveying module 4 drives the screw 43 to rotate through the linkage shaft 45, the coupler 42 and the like, and the rotating speed of the screw 43 is reasonably matched according to the translation speeds of the X shaft and the Y shaft of the moving device, so that the materials in the hopper 33 are uniformly and stably conveyed downwards vertically.
(3) The first motor of reducing shower nozzle 1 drives rotary driving plate 11 and rotates certain angle with certain speed, drives right angle rotor 15 and does centrifugation or centripetal slip along bottom plate 12 for square nozzle 151 that constitutes by several mutual concatenations of right angle rotor 15 changes its size in real time, and the width of the strip material of control by defeated material module 4 downdraft to adapt to the figure geometric dimensions on the current square nozzle 151 route of marcing, realize printing high-efficiently, accurately.
(4) A servo motor of the rotating module 2 drives a rotating sleeve sleeved outside a stator of the screw 43 to rotate at a certain angle at a certain speed in real time according to the current advancing path of the square nozzle 151, one side of the square nozzle 151 is controlled to always advance along the tangential direction of the path, and the forming apparent mass of the graphic component is controlled by matching with the reducing nozzle 1.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a reducing shower nozzle for building 3D prints, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a rotary drive plate, a bottom plate, four linear guide rails, four slide blocks and four right-angle moving plates;
the rotary drive plate is circumferentially provided with four drive grooves;
the bottom plate is positioned below the rotary drive plate; the four linear guide rails are distributed in a square shape and are arranged on the bottom plate;
the four sliding blocks are slidably mounted on the four linear guide rails in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and each of the four sliding blocks is provided with a driving part, namely four driving parts, which are correspondingly inserted into the four driving grooves one by one;
the four right-angle moving pieces are positioned below the bottom plate and are arranged on the four sliding blocks in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the right-angle sides of the four right-angle moving pieces are attached in pairs to form a square nozzle in the middle; wherein,
the geometric center of the square nozzle is positioned on the rotation axis of the rotation of the square nozzle;
the bottom plate and the rotary driving plate are both provided with through holes corresponding to the square nozzles and used for blanking;
when the rotary driving plate and the bottom plate rotate relatively, the rotary driving plate drives the four driving parts to rotate synchronously through the four driving grooves, so that the four sliding blocks are driven to slide synchronously along the four linear guide rails, and the four sliding blocks drive the four right-angle moving plates to synchronously generate relative movement, so that the caliber of the square nozzle is changed.
2. The reducing nozzle for architectural 3D printing of claim 1, comprising a limiting plate; the limiting plate is provided with a plane which is tightly attached to the four right-angle moving pieces so as to ensure that the four right-angle moving pieces are always positioned on the same plane in the moving process; the limiting plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to the square nozzle.
3. The reducing nozzle for building 3D printing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising four bearings, one to one arranged in four driving grooves; the four driving parts are all in shaft-shaped structures and are inserted into the four bearings in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
4. An extrusion apparatus for 3D printing of buildings, comprising a variable diameter nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The extrusion device for building 3D printing as claimed in claim 4, wherein the variable diameter nozzle comprises a first rotating sleeve and a first motor, the first motor is used for driving the first rotating sleeve to rotate; the rotary driving plate is arranged on the first rotary sleeve and rotates synchronously with the first rotary sleeve.
6. The extrusion apparatus for architectural 3D printing according to claim 5, comprising a rotation module comprising a second rotation sleeve and a second motor; the second motor is used for driving the second rotating sleeve to rotate, and the bottom plate is arranged on the second rotating sleeve;
the rotary driving plate, the bottom plate, the first rotary sleeve and the second rotary sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the first rotary sleeve is sleeved outside the second rotary sleeve.
7. The extrusion device for architectural 3D printing as recited in claim 5 or 6, comprising a stirring module and a feeding module; the stirring module, the material conveying module, the rotating module and the reducing spray head are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the stirring module comprises a third motor, a stirring impeller and a hopper; the third motor is connected with a stirring impeller, the stirring impeller is arranged in the hopper, and the lower part of the hopper is a material outlet;
the material conveying module comprises a fourth motor, a screw rod and a screw pump stator; the fourth motor is connected with a screw rod, the screw rod is arranged at a material outlet at the lower part of the hopper, and the upper part of the screw rod is positioned in the screw rod;
the upper end of a second rotary sleeve of the rotary module is connected with the screw pump, and the lower part of the screw is positioned in the second rotary sleeve.
8. The extrusion apparatus for building 3D printing according to claim 7, wherein a third motor is connected to the stirring impeller through a third rotating sleeve, and a fourth motor and a connecting shaft of the screw are coaxially disposed with the third rotating sleeve and located inside the third rotating sleeve.
9. The extrusion apparatus for architectural 3D printing of claim 7, wherein the rotation module further comprises a first motor mount, the first motor mount being secured to an exterior of the second rotation sleeve; the first motor and the first rotating sleeve are both arranged on the first motor mounting seat and move synchronously with the second rotating sleeve; the first rotating sleeve is rotatable relative to the first motor mount.
10. The extrusion apparatus of claim 7, wherein the limiting plate is mounted on the first motor mount and moves synchronously with the first motor mount, and the bottom plate is located between the limiting plate and the first motor mount.
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| CN201710457592.3A CN107042632B (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Reducing nozzle and extruding device for building 3D printing |
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| CN201710457592.3A CN107042632B (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2017-06-16 | Reducing nozzle and extruding device for building 3D printing |
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| CN107042632B true CN107042632B (en) | 2023-03-24 |
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