CN107041190B - Transplanting machine, seedling tray conveying device and seedling tray conveying method - Google Patents
Transplanting machine, seedling tray conveying device and seedling tray conveying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107041190B CN107041190B CN201611067792.XA CN201611067792A CN107041190B CN 107041190 B CN107041190 B CN 107041190B CN 201611067792 A CN201611067792 A CN 201611067792A CN 107041190 B CN107041190 B CN 107041190B
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- seedling
- driving
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
- A01C11/025—Transplanting machines using seedling trays; Devices for removing the seedlings from the trays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a transplanting machine, a seedling tray conveying device and a seedling tray conveying method thereof, wherein the seedling tray conveying device is connected to the transplanting machine, the transplanting machine comprises a seedling ejection device, the seedling tray conveying device comprises a driving shaft, a transmission shaft and a conveying belt, a plurality of seedling trays are connected to the conveying belt, the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move through the transmission shaft, the transplanting machine further comprises an equal-step driving shifting tooth group and a variable-step driving shifting tooth group which are connected between the driving shaft and the transmission shaft, the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move by an equal-step distance through the equal-step driving shifting tooth group, and the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move by the variable-step distance through the variable-step driving shifting tooth group. The seedling tray conveying device utilizes the equal-step driving shifting tooth group and the variable-step driving shifting tooth group to respectively complete equal-step driving of the seedling hole distances of the single seedling tray and unequal-step driving of the seedling hole distances of two adjacent rows between two seedling trays, so that the conveying belt continuously conveys the trays, and the device has reliable operation, convenient maintenance and high working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery dry land transplanting machines, and particularly relates to a seedling tray conveying device capable of automatically conveying seedling trays of various specifications in a mechanical driving mode and a transplanting machine with the seedling tray conveying device.
The invention also relates to a method for conveying seedling trays by adopting the seedling tray conveying device.
Background
The seedling tray conveying device of the existing automatic transplanting machine aims at solving the problem that the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays is larger than that between two adjacent rows of seedling holes of a single seedling tray, and generally adopts the following two modes:
the first mode is to adjust the stepping distance by adopting an electric control or pneumatic mode. Specifically, after the current seedling tray finishes working from the seedling emergence position, a computer control system drives a motor or an air cylinder to change the stepping distance of the subsequent seedling tray into the center distance of two adjacent rows of seedling holes of two seedling trays, for example, a transplanter disclosed in China patent application No. 201310445149.6 is provided, and the connection of the two seedling trays is completed by arranging a series of electro-pneumatic control executing mechanisms such as an encoder, a proximity switch, a variable step-length liquid damping cylinder and the like. However, the electric control or pneumatic control device in the first mode is complex, the failure rate is high, the maintenance period is long once damaged, and the production is delayed.
And secondly, customizing the sizes of the seedling trays so that the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays is equal to the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes of a single seedling tray. After the customized seedling trays are adopted, the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays is equal to the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes of a single seedling tray, so that the tray conveying belt can be driven in a mechanical mode all the time in an equal-step stepping mode. However, the second mode requires customizing seedling trays, which increases production capital and time costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transplanting machine and a seedling tray conveying device thereof, which solve the problem of continuity of conveying trays by a conveying belt under the condition that the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays is larger than that between two adjacent rows of seedling holes of a single seedling tray by using a mechanical unequal-step driving mode.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for tray transfer using the tray transfer device described above.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the seedling tray conveying device is connected to a transplanting machine, the transplanting machine comprises a seedling ejection device, the seedling tray conveying device comprises a driving shaft, a transmission shaft and a conveying belt, a plurality of seedling trays are connected to the conveying belt, the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move through the transmission shaft, the seedling tray conveying device further comprises an equal-step driving shifting tooth group and a variable-step driving shifting tooth group which are connected between the driving shaft and the transmission shaft, the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move for an equal-step distance through the equal-step driving shifting tooth group, and the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move for a variable-step distance through the variable-step driving shifting tooth group.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the equal step driving tooth set includes an equal step driving tooth connected to the driving shaft and an equal step driven tooth connected to the driving shaft, and the variable step driving tooth set includes a variable step driving tooth connected to the driving shaft and a variable step driven tooth connected to the driving shaft.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, a tooth circumference of the step-variable driven gear has a step-variable driving portion and a step-variable spacing portion, and a tooth circumference of the step-constant driven gear has a step-constant driving portion and a step-constant spacing portion, the step-constant driving portion corresponds to the step-variable spacing portion, and the step-variable driving portion corresponds to the step-constant spacing portion.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the isostep driving tooth has at least one isostep driving tooth portion, the isostep driving portion has a plurality of isostep driven tooth portions distributed at equal intervals, and the number of teeth of the isostep driven tooth portion is equal to the number of rows of the seedling tray.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the step-changing driving tooth has at least two step-changing driving tooth portions, and the step-changing driving portion has at least two step-changing driven tooth portions.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the seedling tray conveying device further includes a ratchet and pawl mechanism for preventing the isostep passive tooth pulling from rotating.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the seedling tray conveying device further includes a seedling tray fixing mechanism, two sides of the top of the seedling tray fixing mechanism are connected to the conveying belt, and the seedling tray is connected to the conveying belt through the seedling tray fixing mechanism.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the seedling tray fixing mechanism includes a fixing base plate, a seedling tray fixing plate, a seedling tray reset spring and a positioning plate, where the fixing base plate is connected to the conveying belt, and the seedling tray fixing plate and the positioning plate are connected to the fixing base plate through the seedling tray reset spring.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the seedling ejection device includes a positioning member and a seedling ejection member, wherein two sides of the positioning plate have a plurality of groups of positioning holes distributed at equal intervals, and the positioning member is inserted into the positioning holes to position the seedling tray fixing plate.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying device, the equal step distance is a distance between centers of two adjacent rows of seedling cavities of the same seedling tray, and the variable step distance is a distance between centers of two adjacent rows of seedling cavities between two seedling trays.
The transplanter comprises a seedling tray conveying device and a seedling ejection device, wherein the seedling tray conveying device is the seedling tray conveying device.
The seedling tray conveying method adopts the transplanting machine to convey the seedling tray, and comprises the following steps:
s100, driving the poking tooth group to poke in an equal step, driving the conveyor belt to move an equal step distance between centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes of the current seedling tray each time, so that each row of seedling holes of the seedling tray sequentially corresponds to the seedling ejection device until the conveyor belt moves to the position, corresponding to the seedling ejection device, of the last row of seedling holes of the current seedling tray;
s200, shifting the shifting tooth group by variable step driving, and driving the conveyor belt to move a variable step distance between the center of the last row of seedling holes of the current seedling tray and the center of the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray so that the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray are opposite to the seedling ejection device;
and S300, repeating the step S100 and the step S200.
In one embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying method, in step S100, the iso-step driving set of teeth is configured to be an iso-step active set of teeth connected to the driving shaft and an iso-step passive set of teeth connected to the driving shaft, where the iso-step active set of teeth dials the iso-step passive set of teeth to rotate; in step S200, the step-variable driving gear shifting set is configured as a step-variable active gear shifting set connected with the driving shaft and a step-variable passive gear shifting set connected with the driving shaft, and the step-variable active gear shifting set shifts the step-variable passive gear shifting set to rotate.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying method, the step S100 further includes a step of providing a ratchet-pawl mechanism to prevent the isochronal passive tooth pulling from rotating.
In one embodiment of the seedling tray conveying method, a variable-step driven shifting tooth and an equal-step driven shifting tooth are arranged and connected on the same shaft, a variable-step driving part and a variable-step spacing part are arranged on the tooth periphery of the variable-step driven shifting tooth, an equal-step driving part and an equal-step spacing part are arranged on the tooth periphery of the equal-step driven shifting tooth, the equal-step driving part corresponds to the variable-step spacing part, and the variable-step driving part corresponds to the equal-step spacing part.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying method, the isostep driving tooth is provided with at least one isostep driving tooth portion, the isostep driving portion is provided with a plurality of isostep driven tooth portions distributed at equal intervals, and the number of teeth of the isostep driven tooth portions is equal to the number of rows of seedling trays.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying method, the step-variable active shifting tooth is provided with at least two step-variable active tooth portions, and the step-variable driving portion is provided with at least two step-variable passive tooth portions.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying method, step S100 further includes a step of floating-connecting the seedling tray on the conveyor belt by a seedling tray fixing mechanism.
In an embodiment of the foregoing seedling tray conveying method, before seedling ejection, the seedling tray floats and is positioned with the seedling ejection device, so that the seedling ejection piece of the seedling ejection device is aligned to the central hole of the corresponding seedling discharge hole in the seedling tray.
The seedling tray conveying device has the beneficial effects that the equal step driving tooth group and the variable step driving tooth group are utilized to respectively finish equal step driving of the seedling hole distances of the single seedling tray and unequal step driving of the adjacent two rows of seedling hole distances between two seedling trays, so that the conveying belt continuously conveys the trays. The device is reliable in operation, convenient to maintain and high in working efficiency.
In addition, in order to eliminate stepping errors of the conveyor belt, the seedling tray is arranged to float so as to be positioned with the seedling ejection device before seedling ejection, and the center of a seedling hole of the seedling tray is ensured to be accurately overlapped with the center of a thimble of the seedling ejection device.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction of an embodiment of a transplanting machine with a seedling tray conveying device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a tray conveying device according to the present invention (first view direction);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a tray conveying apparatus according to the present invention (second view direction);
fig. 4 is a schematic view (first view direction) of the isostep driving part and the step-varying driving part of the seedling tray conveying device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view (second view direction) of the isostep driving part and the step-varying driving part of the seedling tray conveying device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment of a seedling tray fixing mechanism of the seedling tray conveying device of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a structure of a seedling tray fixing mechanism of the seedling tray conveying device before positioning a floating seedling tray;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a seedling tray fixing mechanism of the seedling tray conveying device according to the present invention when positioning floating seedling trays.
Wherein reference numerals are used to refer to
10 transplanting machine
20 seedling tray
100. Seedling tray conveying device
110. Driving shaft
120. Transmission shaft
130. Conveyor belt
140. Seedling tray fixing mechanism
141. Fixed bottom plate
142. Seedling tray fixing plate
143. Seedling tray reset spring
144. Positioning plate
144a locating hole
150. Connecting shaft
160. Ratchet pawl mechanism
170. Sliding chute
180. Gear set
200. Seedling ejection device
210. Positioning piece
230. Positioning rack
240. Positioning cam
300. Equal step driving tooth shifting group
310. Equal step driving gear shifting
311. Equal step driving tooth part
320. Equal-step passive shifting tooth
321. Equal step driving part
322. Equal step spacer
323. Equal-step passive tooth part
400. Step-variable driving gear shifting group
410. Step-variable driving shifting tooth
411. Step-variable driving tooth part
420. Step-variable passive shifting tooth
421. Step-changing driving part
422. Step-changing spacing part
423. Step-variable passive tooth part
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so as to further understand the purpose, the scheme and the effects of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the appended claims.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 7 and 8, the transplanting machine 10 of the present invention includes a seedling tray conveying device 100 and a seedling ejection device 200, and a plurality of seedling trays 20 are fixed to the seedling tray conveying device 100. The seedling tray conveying device 100 moves step by step to sequentially convey each row of seedling holes of the seedling tray 20 to a seedling ejection position, and the seedling ejection device 200 ejects pot seedlings in the corresponding row of seedling holes to pick up the seedlings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the seedling tray conveying device 100 includes a driving shaft 110, a driving shaft 120, a conveying belt 130 and a seedling tray fixing mechanism 140, wherein a plurality of seedling trays 20 are respectively connected to the conveying belt 130 through the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140, the driving shaft 110 drives the conveying belt 130 to move through the driving shaft 120, and the conveying belt 130 drives the seedling trays 20 to be conveyed to a seedling ejection position through the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140.
The seedling tray conveying device 100 of the present invention further comprises an equal step driving set of teeth 300 and a variable step driving set of teeth 400, wherein the equal step driving set of teeth 300 and the variable step driving set of teeth 400 are connected between the driving shaft 110 and the driving shaft 120. The driving shaft 110 drives the driving shaft 120 to rotate through the equal-step driving shifting tooth group 300 and the variable-step driving shifting tooth group 400, the driving shaft 120 drives the conveying belt 130 to drive the seedling trays 20 to move in equal step length and variable step length through the equal-step driving shifting tooth group 300 and the variable-step driving shifting tooth group 400, so that the problem that the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays 20 is unequal to the center distance between two adjacent rows of seedling holes of a single seedling tray 20 in a mechanical unequal-step driving mode is solved, the conveying belt 130 can continuously send trays, and the seedling jacking device 200 can continuously jack seedlings, and the working efficiency is ensured.
Specifically, first, the seedling tray 20 is placed in a standard seedling tray of the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 on the conveyor belt 130, and the stepping mechanism drives the driving shaft 110 to move. The driving shaft 110 drives the equal step driving shifting gear set 300 to shift so as to drive the conveyor belt 130 to move the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes of the same seedling tray 20, thereby driving the seedling tray 20 connected to the conveyor belt 130 to move so that the center of a lower row of seedling holes of the same seedling tray 20 corresponds to the seedling ejection device 200. When the center of the last row of seedling holes of the seedling tray 20 corresponds to the seedling ejection device 200 and the seedling ejection device 200 takes out the pot seedlings, the stepping mechanism of the seedling tray conveying device 100 steps to drive the step-changing driving shifting tooth group 400 to shift so as to drive the conveying belt 130 to move the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays 20, so that the center of the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray 20 corresponds to the seedling ejection device 200. The total rotation angle at which the unequal driving of the equal step driving set 300 and the variable step driving set 400 is completed is 360 °.
Thereafter, the driving shaft 110 drives the equal step driving set of shifting teeth 300 to shift, so as to drive the conveyor 130 to move equal steps, thereby reciprocating.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the isostep driving set of teeth 300 includes an isostep driving set of teeth 310 coupled to the drive shaft 110 and an isostep driven set of teeth 320 coupled to the drive shaft 120, and the variable step driving set of teeth 400 includes a variable step driving set of teeth 410 coupled to the drive shaft 110 and a variable step driven set of teeth 420 coupled to the drive shaft 120.
The isostep driving shifting tooth 310 and the variable step driving shifting tooth 410 are simultaneously connected to the driving shaft 110, and the driving shaft 110 is driven to rotate through mechanisms such as a land wheel, a power box and the like. The equal-step passive shifting tooth 320 and the variable-step active shifting tooth 420 are connected to the same connecting shaft 150. The rotation of the connecting shaft 150 drives the gear set 180 to rotate, and the gear set 180 drives the transmission shaft 120 to rotate.
The tooth circumference of the equal-step driven gear 320 has an equal-step driving portion 321 and an equal-step spacing portion 322, the tooth circumference of the variable-step driven gear 420 has a variable-step driving portion 421 and a variable-step spacing portion 422, the equal-step driving portion 321 corresponds to the variable-step spacing portion 422, and the variable-step driving portion 421 corresponds to the equal-step spacing portion 322.
The isostep driving tooth 310 has at least one isostep driving tooth portion 311, the isostep driving portion 321 of the isostep driven tooth 320 has a plurality of isostep driven tooth portions 323 equally spaced apart, and the number of teeth of the isostep driven tooth portions 323 is equal to the number of rows of seedling trays 20. For example, when the seedling tray having eight rows of seedling holes is currently used, eight equal-step passive teeth 323 are arranged at equal intervals.
The step-variable driving tooth 410 has at least two step-variable driving tooth portions 411, and the step-variable driving portion 421 of the step-variable driven tooth 420 has at least two step-variable driven tooth portions 423.
The isostep drive tooth 310 and the variable-step drive tooth 410 may be integrally formed, for example, and the isostep drive tooth portion 311 of the isostep drive tooth 310 and the variable-step drive tooth portion 411 of the variable-step drive tooth 410 have a phase difference with the outer circumference.
The step-changing active tooth portion 411 of the step-changing active tooth 410 corresponds to the step-changing spacing portion 422 of the step-changing passive tooth 420 when the step-waiting active tooth portion 311 of the step-waiting active tooth 310 dials the step-waiting passive tooth portion 323 of the step-waiting passive tooth 320. When the step-changing active tooth portion 411 of the step-changing active tooth 410 dials the step-changing passive tooth portion 423 of the step-changing passive tooth 420, the step-waiting active tooth portion 311 of the step-waiting active tooth 310 corresponds to the step-waiting interval portion 322 of the step-waiting passive tooth 320. The equal step drive set of teeth 300 and the variable step drive set of teeth 400 cooperate.
The specific operation of the seedling tray conveying device 100 of the present invention is as follows (taking eight rows of seedling trays as an example):
after the first seedling tray is set to the initial position of the first seedling row hole corresponding to the seedling lifting device 200, the driving shaft 110 drives the equal-step driving shifting teeth 310 of the equal-step driving shifting teeth group 300 and the variable-step driving shifting teeth 410 of the variable-step driving shifting teeth group 400 to rotate. When the first one of the isostep passive teeth 323 of the isostep passive teeth 320 is shifted by the isostep active shifting tooth 310, the rotation angles of the driving shaft 110 and the isostep passive teeth 320 are both a °, and the conveyor belt 130 is driven by an equal step distance (the equal step distance corresponds to the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes in the same seedling tray), and meanwhile, since the isostep passive teeth 320 and the variable step active shifting teeth 420 are connected to the same connecting shaft 150, the rotation angles of the variable step passive shifting teeth 420 and the isostep passive shifting teeth 320 are the same, and are a °. When the seventh equal-step passive tooth portion 323 of the equal-step passive tooth 320 is shifted by the equal-step active shifting tooth 310, the rotation angles of the driving shaft 110, the equal-step passive tooth 320 and the variable-step passive tooth 420 are all 7A degrees, and at this time, the last row of seedling holes of the first seedling tray corresponds to the seedling ejection device 200. The step-changing passive tooth portion 423 of the step-changing passive tooth 420 rotates 360-7A degrees, the step-changing passive tooth 420 and the equal-step passive tooth 320 both rotate 360-7A degrees, the subsequent Miao Pankai starts stepping when the equal-step active tooth 310 dials the eighth of the equal-step passive tooth 320, the step-changing active tooth 410 of the step-changing driving tooth group 400 dials the step-changing passive tooth 420 after the connecting shaft 150 rotates 360-7A degrees, the connecting shaft 150 is completed to rotate 360 degrees, and the conveying belt 130 is driven for a step-changing distance (the step-changing distance corresponds to the distance between centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays) so as to convey the subsequent seedling trays to the initial position, and a new cycle is formed.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the seedling tray conveying device 100 of the present invention further includes a ratchet and pawl mechanism 160 that rotates to prevent the isochronal passive shifting tooth 320 from rotating after being shifted. The ratchet of the ratchet pawl mechanism 160 may be coupled to the connecting shaft 150.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, both sides of the top of the tray fixing mechanism 140 of the tray conveying device 100 of the present invention are fixed on the conveyor belt 130. Specifically, the conveyor belt 130 is, for example, a conveyor chain, and two sides of the top end of the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 are respectively and fixedly connected with lifting lugs on one section of the chain. Even if the integral seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 is divided into a plurality of sections, each section is connected with the chain in a way that the two sides of the top end are respectively fixedly connected with lifting lugs on one section of the chain.
The seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 enters the chute 170 before reaching the initial position until the full stepping is completed. The chute 170 defines a conveying path of the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140, and prevents the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 from shaking during conveying and seedling ejection.
As shown in fig. 6, the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 of the present invention can fix soft seedling trays and hard seedling trays, wherein the soft seedling trays and the hard seedling trays can be fixed by arranging the seedling tray fixing plate 142, and the hard seedling trays can also be directly placed (for example, the seedling tray fixing plate is only provided with a fixing frame, and no seedling hole is arranged). The invention can solve the problem of movement deformation of the flexible disk on the conveyor belt. The number and arrangement of the seedling holes of the seedling tray fixing plate 142 are the same as those of the soft or hard seedling tray to be put therein.
In addition, in order to eliminate the stepping error of the conveyor belt 130, the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 of the present invention has a seedling tray positioning function, the seedling tray fixed by the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 can float, and the seedling hole of the positioned seedling tray is opposite to the seedling ejection device 200, so that the seedling ejection device 200 can eject the pot seedling smoothly.
The seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 further comprises a fixing bottom plate 141, a seedling tray reset spring 143 and a positioning plate 144, wherein the seedling tray fixing plate is connected to the conveyor belt 130 through the fixing bottom plate 141, and the seedling tray fixing plate 142 and the positioning plate 144 are connected to the fixing bottom plate 141 through the seedling tray reset spring 143, namely, the seedling tray fixing plate 142 can float up and down for a certain distance relative to the fixing floor 141 (the conveyor belt 130).
The positioning plates 144 are positioned on two sides of the seedling tray fixing plate 142, and are provided with positioning holes 144a for positioning which are arranged at equal intervals, and the positions of the positioning holes 144a correspond to the seedling holes of the corresponding rows on the seedling tray fixing plate 142. If the seedling tray fixing plate 142 is a seedling hole-free plate, the positioning holes on the positioning plate 144 correspond to the central holes of the seedling holes of the corresponding rows of the seedling trays fixed on the seedling tray fixing plate 142.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the seedling lifting device 200 of the transplanting machine 10 includes a positioning member 210, a seedling lifting member (not shown), a positioning frame 230 and a positioning cam 240, wherein the positioning cam 240 is disposed corresponding to the positioning frame 230, and the positioning member 210 and the seedling lifting member are respectively connected to the positioning frame 230.
When the positioning cam 240 moves the positioning frame 230 forward by a predetermined distance, and the positioning piece 210 reaches the predetermined corresponding positioning plate 144, the conveyor belt 130 drives the seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 to move downward in a stepping manner, the positioning piece 210 passes through the corresponding positioning hole 144a on the positioning plate 144 and positions the seedling tray fixed on the seedling tray fixing plate 142, and after the positioning piece 210 is inserted into the positioning hole 144a to be positioned, the seedling ejection piece corresponds to the central hole of the seedling hole of the corresponding row.
And when the stepping of the conveyor belt 130 is finished, the seedling lifting piece of the seedling lifting device 200 moves to lift the positioned seedling tray.
After seedling ejection is finished, the positioning cam 240 rotates away from the positioning frame 230, the positioning frame 230 drives the positioning piece 210 and the seedling ejection piece to withdraw from reset (for example, the positioning frame is reset by arranging a positioning frame reset spring), the seedling tray fixing plate 142 and the positioning plate 144 reset under the action of the seedling tray reset spring 143, and the conveying belt 130 continues to step.
The seedling tray fixing mechanism 140 eliminates stepping errors of the conveyor belt 130 and ensures the accuracy of seedling ejection positions by arranging the floating seedling tray.
In summary, the seedling tray conveying method of the invention comprises the following steps:
s100, driving the poking tooth group to poke in an equal step, driving the conveyor belt to move an equal step distance between centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes of the current seedling tray each time, so that each row of seedling holes of the seedling tray sequentially corresponds to the seedling ejection device until the conveyor belt moves to the position, corresponding to the seedling ejection device, of the last row of seedling holes of the current seedling tray;
s200, shifting the shifting tooth group by variable step driving, and driving the conveyor belt to move a variable step distance between the center of the last row of seedling holes of the current seedling tray and the center of the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray so that the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray are opposite to the seedling ejection device;
and S300, repeating the step S100 and the step S200.
Of course, the present invention is capable of other various embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in light of the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (16)
1. The seedling tray conveying device is connected to a transplanting machine, the transplanting machine comprises a seedling ejection device, the seedling tray conveying device comprises a driving shaft, a transmission shaft and a conveying belt, a plurality of seedling trays are connected to the conveying belt, the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move through the transmission shaft, and the seedling tray conveying device is characterized by further comprising an equal step driving shifting tooth group and a variable step driving shifting tooth group which are connected between the driving shaft and the transmission shaft, the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move by an equal step distance through the equal step driving shifting tooth group, and the driving shaft drives the conveying belt to move by the variable step distance through the variable step driving shifting tooth group;
the step-variable driving shifting tooth group comprises step-variable driving shifting teeth connected with the driving shaft and step-variable driven shifting teeth connected with the driving shaft, the tooth circumferences of the step-variable driven shifting teeth are provided with step-variable driving parts and step-variable spacing parts, the tooth circumferences of the step-variable driven shifting teeth are provided with step-constant driving parts and step-constant spacing parts, the step-constant driving parts correspond to the step-variable spacing parts, and the step-variable driving parts correspond to the step-constant spacing parts;
the equal step distance is the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes of the same seedling tray, and the variable step distance is the distance between the centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes between two seedling trays.
2. The seedling tray conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the isostep driving tooth is provided with at least one isostep driving tooth part, the isostep driving part is provided with a plurality of isostep driven tooth parts which are distributed at equal intervals, and the number of teeth of the isostep driven tooth parts is equal to the row number of the seedling trays.
3. The seedling tray conveying device according to claim 1, wherein the step-changing driving gear has at least two step-changing driving gear parts, and the step-changing driving part has at least two step-changing driven gear parts.
4. The seedling tray transfer device of claim 1, further comprising a ratchet-pawl mechanism that prevents the isostep passive tooth-pulling from rotating.
5. The seedling tray conveying device according to claim 1, further comprising a seedling tray fixing mechanism, wherein two sides of the top of the seedling tray fixing mechanism are connected to the conveying belt, and the seedling tray is connected to the conveying belt through the seedling tray fixing mechanism.
6. The seedling tray conveying device according to claim 5, wherein the seedling tray fixing mechanism comprises a fixing base plate, a seedling tray fixing plate, a seedling tray reset spring and a positioning plate, the fixing base plate is connected to the conveying belt, and the seedling tray fixing plate and the positioning plate are connected to the fixing base plate through the seedling tray reset spring.
7. The seedling tray conveying device according to claim 6, wherein the seedling ejection device comprises a positioning piece and a seedling ejection piece, wherein a plurality of groups of positioning holes are formed in two sides of the positioning plate at equal intervals, and the positioning piece is inserted into the positioning holes to position the seedling tray fixing plate.
8. A transplanting machine comprising a seedling tray conveying device and a seedling ejection device, characterized in that the seedling tray conveying device is the seedling tray conveying device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A seedling tray conveying method, characterized in that the transplanting machine of claim 8 is adopted for seedling tray conveying, comprising the following steps:
s100, driving the poking tooth group to poke in an equal step, driving the conveyor belt to move an equal step distance between centers of two adjacent rows of seedling holes of the current seedling tray each time, so that each row of seedling holes of the seedling tray sequentially corresponds to the seedling ejection device until the conveyor belt moves to the position, corresponding to the seedling ejection device, of the last row of seedling holes of the current seedling tray;
s200, shifting the shifting tooth group by variable step driving, and driving the conveyor belt to move a variable step distance between the center of the last row of seedling holes of the current seedling tray and the center of the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray so that the first row of seedling holes of the next seedling tray are opposite to the seedling ejection device;
and S300, repeating the step S100 and the step S200.
10. The seedling tray conveying method according to claim 9, wherein in the step S100, the isostep drive set of teeth is configured as an isostep active set of teeth connected to the driving shaft and an isostep passive set of teeth connected to the driving shaft, the isostep active set of teeth shifting the isostep passive set of teeth to rotate; in step S200, the step-variable driving gear shifting set is configured as a step-variable active gear shifting set connected with the driving shaft and a step-variable passive gear shifting set connected with the driving shaft, and the step-variable active gear shifting set shifts the step-variable passive gear shifting set to rotate.
11. The seedling tray conveying method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the step S100 further includes a step of providing a ratchet-pawl mechanism to prevent the equipotential passive tooth-pulling revolution.
12. The seedling tray conveying method according to claim 10, wherein a step-changing passive shifting tooth and an equal-step passive shifting tooth are arranged and connected on the same shaft, a step-changing driving part and a step-changing spacing part are arranged on the tooth periphery of the step-changing passive shifting tooth, an equal-step driving part and an equal-step spacing part are arranged on the tooth periphery of the equal-step passive shifting tooth, the equal-step driving part corresponds to the step-changing spacing part, and the step-changing driving part corresponds to the equal-step spacing part.
13. The seedling tray conveying method according to claim 12, wherein the isostep driving tooth is provided with at least one isostep driving tooth part, the isostep driving part is provided with a plurality of isostep driven tooth parts which are distributed at equal intervals, and the number of teeth of the isostep driven tooth parts is equal to the row number of the seedling trays.
14. The seedling tray conveying method according to claim 12, wherein the step-changing driving tooth is provided with at least two step-changing driving tooth parts, and the step-changing driving part is provided with at least two step-changing driven tooth parts.
15. The seedling tray conveying method according to claim 9, further comprising a step of floatingly connecting the seedling tray to the conveyor belt by a seedling tray fixing mechanism before the step S100.
16. The tray transfer method of claim 15, wherein the tray floats prior to ejection and is positioned with the ejection device such that ejection members of the ejection device are aligned with central holes of respective rows of seedling pockets in the tray.
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| CN201611067792.XA CN107041190B (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | Transplanting machine, seedling tray conveying device and seedling tray conveying method |
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| CN201611067792.XA CN107041190B (en) | 2016-11-28 | 2016-11-28 | Transplanting machine, seedling tray conveying device and seedling tray conveying method |
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| CN107041190B true CN107041190B (en) | 2023-05-30 |
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| CN113678611B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2022-07-05 | 华南农业大学 | Continuous seedling tray downward movement control mechanism convenient and fast to clamp and feed |
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| CN107041190A (en) | 2017-08-15 |
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