CN107039612A - 用于电动车辆电池组的梁系统 - Google Patents

用于电动车辆电池组的梁系统 Download PDF

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CN107039612A
CN107039612A CN201710063220.2A CN201710063220A CN107039612A CN 107039612 A CN107039612 A CN 107039612A CN 201710063220 A CN201710063220 A CN 201710063220A CN 107039612 A CN107039612 A CN 107039612A
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battery pack
pallet
lid
battery
girder system
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CN107039612B (zh
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阿马尔·马尔普
阿卜杜勒莫纳姆·萨西
南森·克里斯多夫·塔迪夫
佩曼·阿吉萨
阿尼尔·雷迪·普拉拉雷夫
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438Arrangement under the floor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92Hybrid vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/11Electric energy storages
    • B60Y2400/112Batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2410/00Constructional features of vehicle sub-units
    • B60Y2410/10Housings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/907Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951Assembly or relative location of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种根据本公开的示例性方面的电池组,除其他方面以外,包括托盘、安装至该托盘的盖以及包括连接至该托盘的第一梁和连接至该盖的第二梁的梁系统。

Description

用于电动车辆电池组的梁系统
技术领域
本公开涉及用于电动车辆的电池组。电池组包括配置成在结构上加强电池组的外罩的梁系统。
背景技术
减少汽车燃料消耗和排放的要求是有据可查的。因此,正在开发减少或完全消除对内燃发动机的依赖的车辆。电动车辆是目前为了这个目的而正在开发的一种类型的车辆。通常,电动车辆与传统的机动车辆不同,因为它们是由一个或多个电池供电的电机选择性地驱动。相比之下,传统的机动车辆完全依赖内燃发动机来推进车辆。
高电压电池组通常给电动车辆的电机和其他电力负载供电。电池组包括多个互相连接的电池单元,该电池单元存储用于给这些电力负载供电的能量。电池组在车辆测试、车辆运转或其他负荷事件期间可能受到负荷。电池组因此可以从结构能量管理受益。
发明内容
根据本公开的示例性方面的电池组,除其他方面以外,包括托盘、安装至该托盘的盖以及包括连接至该托盘的第一梁和连接至该盖的第二梁的梁系统。
在上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁和第二梁是顶帽形的(top hatshaped)。
在任一上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁和第二梁中的至少一个响应于负荷事件而在第一位置和第二位置之间是可移动的,在该负荷事件中力被施加于托盘或者施加于盖。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁和第二梁在第二位置中彼此邻接。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁包括第一喇叭形部分并且第二梁包括第二喇叭形部分,并且第一喇叭形部分与第二喇叭形部分嵌套。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一喇叭形部分被接收在托盘的突出部的上方。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁和第二梁中的至少一个包括具有变化厚度的区域。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁和第二梁是金属结构。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,至少一个缺口形成在第一梁和第二梁之间。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,电池组部件经过至少一个缺口。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第二梁系统与梁系统隔开。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁连接至托盘的底表面并且朝着第二梁突出,并且第二梁连接至盖的内表面并且朝着第一梁突出。
根据本公开的另一示例性方面的电池组,除其他方面以外,包括外罩、容纳在该外罩里面的电池总成以及包括连接至该外罩的第一部分的第一梁和连接至该外罩的第二部分的第二梁的梁系统。第一梁和第二梁配置为在负荷事件期间响应于第一部分或者第二部分的偏转而邻接。
在上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁和第二梁沿着横向轴线延伸,该横向轴线横向于电池总成的纵向轴线而延伸。
在任一上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,外罩的第一部分是托盘并且第二部分是盖。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第二梁系统设置在外罩的第一部分和第二部分之间。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,梁系统设置在电池总成和容纳在外罩里面的电子模块之间。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,第二梁设置在与第一梁相同的轴向位置上,使得第二梁在第一梁的正上方。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,至少一个缺口在第一梁和第二梁之间。
在任何上述电池组的另一非限制性实施例中,电池组部件经过至少一个缺口。
可以独立地或任意组合地采取上述段落、权利要求或下面的具体实施方式和附图中的实施例、示例和可选方案,包括它们的任何各个方面或各自单独的特征。针对一实施例所描述的特征适用于所有的实施例,除非这样的特征是不相容的。
根据下面的具体实施方式,本公开的各种特征和优势对本领域技术人员来说,将变得显而易见。伴随具体实施方式的附图可以简短地描述如下。
附图说明
图1示意性说明电动车辆的动力传动系统;
图2说明电动车辆的电池组;
图3说明在盖移除的情况下的图2的电池组以便更好地说明电池组的内部部件;
图4是通过图2的截面A-A的剖视图;
图5是电池组的另一剖视图;
图6A、6B、6C和6D示意性地说明在负荷事件期间电池组的梁系统的运转;
图7说明在电池组中供使用的另一示例性梁系统。
具体实施方式
本公开详细说明电动车辆的电池组。电池组包括用于在结构上支撑电池组的梁系统。在某些实施例中,梁系统包括连接至电池组外罩的托盘的第一梁和连接至电池组外罩的盖的第二梁。第一梁和第二梁配置为在负荷事件期间响应于托盘或者盖的偏转而彼此邻接。以这种方式,梁系统在负荷事件期间在结构上加强电池组。在该具体实施方式的下面段落中更详细地讨论这些和其他特征。
图1示意性地说明用于电动车辆12的动力传动系统10。虽然描绘为混合动力电动车辆(HEV),但应该理解的是,在此描述的构思不限于HEV并且可以扩展至包括但不限于插电式混合动力电动车辆(PHEV)、电池电动车辆(BEV)以及燃料电池车辆的其他电动车辆。
在一非限制性实施例中,动力传动系统10是使用第一驱动系统和第二驱动系统的动力分配动力传动系统。第一驱动系统包括发动机14和发电机18(即,第一电机)的组合。第二驱动系统至少包括马达22(即,第二电机)、发电机18、和电池组24。在该示例中,第二驱动系统被认为是动力传动系统10的电驱动系统。第一和第二驱动系统生成扭矩以驱动电动车辆12的一组或多组车辆驱动轮28。虽然在图1中描绘为动力分配配置,但本公开扩展至包括全混合动力、并联式混合动力、串联式混合动力、轻度混合动力或微混合动力的任何混合动力或电动车辆。
发动机14——其在一实施例中是内燃发动机——和发电机18可以通过比如行星齿轮组这样的动力传输单元30连接。当然,包括其他齿轮组和变速器的其他类型的动力传输单元,可以用于将发动机14连接至发电机18。在一非限制性实施例中,动力传输单元30是包括环形齿轮32、中心齿轮34和托架总成36的行星齿轮组。
发电机18可以由发动机14通过动力传输单元30驱动,以将动能转换为电能。发电机18可以可选地起马达的作用以将电能转换为动能,从而输出扭矩至连接到动力传输单元30的轴38。由于发电机18可操作地连接至发动机14,所以发动机14的转速可以由发电机18控制。
动力传输单元30的环形齿轮32可以连接至轴40,该轴40通过第二动力传输单元44连接至车辆驱动轮28。第二动力传输单元44可以包括具有多个齿轮46的齿轮组。其他动力传输单元也可以是合适的。齿轮46把扭矩从发动机14传递至差速器48以最终向车辆驱动轮28提供牵引力。差速器48可以包括实现至车辆驱动轮28的扭矩传递的多个齿轮。在一实施例中,第二动力传输单元44通过差速器48机械地连接至轮轴50以将扭矩分配至车辆驱动轮28。
通过输出扭矩至也连接到第二动力传输单元44的轴52,马达22也可以用于驱动车辆驱动轮28。在一实施例中,马达22和发电机18配合作为再生制动系统的一部分,马达22和发电机18两者在再生制动系统中可以用作马达以输出扭矩。例如,马达22和发电机18可以各自输出电力至电池组24。
电池组24是示例性电动车辆电池组。电池组24可以是高电压牵引电池组,该高电压牵引电池组包括能够输出电力以操作马达22、发电机18和/或电动车辆12的其他电力负载的多个电池总成25(即,电池阵列或电池单元组)。其他类型的储能装置和/或输出装置也可以用于电驱动电动车辆12。
在一非限制性实施例中,电动车辆12具有两种基本的操作模式。电动车辆12可以在电动车辆(EV)模式下操作,在该电动车辆模式下,马达22用于(通常在没有来自发动机14的辅助的情况下)车辆推进,从而使电池组24荷电状态消耗达到在特定驾驶模式/循环下它的最大允许放电率。EV模式是用于电动车辆12的电荷消耗操作模式的示例。在EV模式期间,在某些情况下可以提高电池组24的荷电状态,例如由于一段时间的再生制动。发动机14在默认EV模式下通常是关闭的,但必要时可以基于车辆系统状态或如由操作者所允许地操作。
电动车辆12另外可以在混合动力(HEV)模式下操作,在该混合动力模式下,发动机14和马达22两者用于车辆推进。HEV模式是用于电动车辆12的电荷保持操作模式的示例。在HEV模式期间,电动车辆12可以减少马达22推进使用,以便通过提高发动机14推进来保持电池组24的荷电状态在一恒定或近似恒定的水平。在本公开的范围内,电动车辆12可以在除EV和HEV模式以外的其他操作模式下操作。
图2和3说明可以在电动车辆内使用的电池组24。例如,电池组24可以是图1的电动车辆12的一部分。电池组24包括存储用于给电动车辆12的各种电力负载供电的电力的多个电池单元56(在图3中示意性地示出)。虽然在图3中描绘了特定数量的电池单元56,但在本公开的范围内电池组24可以使用更多或更少数量的电池单元。也就是说,本公开不限于图2和3所示的特定配置。
电池单元56可以沿着纵向轴线A并排地堆叠或上下堆叠以构建电池单元56的组,有时被称为“电池堆”。电池组24可以包括一个或多个单独的电池单元56的组。
在一非限制性实施例中,电池单元56是棱柱形的锂离子电池单元。然而,在本公开的范围内可以可选地使用具有其他几何结构(圆柱形、袋状等)、其他化学成分(金属氢化物镍、铅酸等)、或两者的电池单元。
电池单元56,连同任何其他支撑结构(例如,隔片、边梁、壁、板等),可以被统称为电池总成25。在图3中示出两个电池总成25;然而,在本公开的范围内,电池组24可以包括更多或更少数量的电池总成。
外罩60总体上围绕电池组24的每个电池总成25。在一非限制性实施例中,外罩60包括托盘62和盖64。盖64在图3中示出为被移除以更好地说明电池组24的内部特征。盖64可连接至托盘62以便遮盖电池总成25。托盘62和盖64一起形成外罩60,该外罩60容纳电池组24的各种硬件和电子器件,包括但不限于电池总成25和其他电子模块58。电池总成25和电子模块58可以在外罩60里面位于任何地方。盖64可以以任何已知的方式连接至托盘62。在一非限制性实施例中,盖64用螺栓固定至托盘62。
现在主要参考图3和4,电池组24另外包括用于在结构上加强电池组24的梁系统66。梁系统66配置为在负荷事件期间保护电池组24的内部部件。例如,在车辆运转或车辆测试期间,电池组24可以受到负荷事件,在该负荷事件中力沿着Z-轴线被施加于电池组24。在这样的事件期间,梁系统66用作加强件以吸收负荷并且防止盖64或者托盘62的过量变形或偏转。
梁系统66可以包括第一梁68和第二梁70。在一非限制性实施例中,第一梁68和第二梁70可以是顶帽形的。第一梁68连接至托盘62并且第二梁70连接至盖64。第一梁68连接至盖64的内表面并且朝着托盘62突出(即,如同倒置的顶帽),然而第二梁70连接至托盘62的底表面并且朝着盖64向上突出。在一非限制性实施例,第一梁68和第二梁70分别用螺栓固定至托盘62和盖64。在另一非限制性实施例中,第一梁68和第二梁70分别焊接至托盘62和盖64。在本公开的范围内也预期其他连接方法。
在一非限制性实施例中,梁系统66的第一梁68和第二梁70是金属结构。然而,第一梁68和第二梁70可以由具有足够刚度的任何材料制成以吸收施加于盖64或者施加于托盘62的负荷。第一梁68和第二梁70可以是冲压、机械加工、铸造的等。
梁系统66定位在电池组24的一位置上,该位置易受过量变形的影响。梁系统66的实际位置因此被认为是设计相关的并且除其他标准外可以根据电池组24的尺寸和形状而变化。在一非限制性实施例中,梁系统66沿着横向轴线TA(例如,在X-轴线方向上从一边到另一边)延伸。横向轴线TA总体上横向于电池总成25的纵向轴线A(参照图3)。在另一非限制性实施例中,梁系统66的第一梁68和第二梁70各自沿着Y-轴线定位在相同的轴向位置上。以这种方式,第二梁70在Z-轴线上定位在第一梁68的正上方(参照图4)。在又一非限制性实施例中,梁系统66轴向地设置在电池总成25和电子模块58之间(参照图3)。梁系统66可以配置为具有各种截面或截面的组合。
在图3和4中描绘了单个梁系统66。然而,电池组24可以配备有用于进一步地在结构上加强电池组24的多个梁系统(参照图5,图5说明具有第一梁系统66A和第二梁系统66B的电池组24)。因此应该理解的是,在本公开的范围内,电池组24可以包括任何数量的梁系统66。
在又一非限制性实施例中,在图4中更好地说明,梁系统66的第一梁68和第二梁70中的每一个包括喇叭形部分72。喇叭形部分72彼此嵌套。如果托盘62或盖64包括任何突出部,则可以可选择地设置喇叭形部分72。在图3和4中说明托盘62的一示例性突出部80。在这样的实施例中,第一梁68的喇叭形部分72被接收在突出部80的上方,并且第二梁70的喇叭形部分72被接收在第一梁68的喇叭形部分72的上方。
第一梁68和第二梁70中的一个或两个可以包括具有变化厚度的区域。具有变化厚度的区域形成缺口74、或间隙,该缺口74或间隙在第一梁68和第二梁70之间延伸。即使在负荷事件之后,第一梁68和第二梁70在缺口74的位置上彼此不接触。各种电池组部件82——包括但不限于母线模块、感测引线、高电压电线、冷却剂管路等——可以在缺口74内经过第一梁68和第二梁70之间。在负荷事件期间,电池组部件82不被邻接的第一梁68和第二梁70损坏,因为它们经过缺口74。
图6A、6B和6C示意性地说明在负荷事件期间梁系统66的运转。负荷事件可以是任何事件,在该事件中与负荷事件有关的力F施加于电池组24的托盘62或者施加于电池组24的盖64。如下面所讨论的,梁系统66的第一梁68和第二梁70配置为响应于负荷事件而彼此邻接,从而提高盖64和/或托盘62的刚度以防止过量变形、偏转、弯曲等。
图6A说明在力F的施加之前的梁系统66。如图所示,梁系统66的第一梁68和第二梁70在负荷事件之前在它们的默认位置中彼此隔开。
图6B说明响应于在盖64上的力F的施加的梁系统66的定位。响应于力F的施加,第二梁70开始从图6A所示的它的默认位置移动至图6B所示的更接近于第一梁68的第二位置。
参考图6C,在负荷事件期间在盖64上的力F的持续施加可以使盖64变形、偏转或朝着托盘62弯曲。如果力F足够大,则第二梁70可以移动至一位置,在该位置中该第二梁70直接抵接第一梁68以防止盖64的进一步变形、偏转或弯曲。
图6D说明另一示例性负荷事件,在该负荷事件中力F已经施加于托盘62而不是盖64。如果力F足够大,则第一梁68可以移动至一位置,在该位置中该第一梁68抵接第二梁70以防止托盘62的进一步变形、偏转或弯曲。
图7说明另一示例性梁系统166。梁系统166包括连接至电池组的托盘162的第一梁168和连接至电池组的盖164的第二梁170。在该实施例中,第一梁168和第二梁170不包括任何喇叭形部分并且因此基本上是平面结构。然而,第一梁168和/或第二梁170可以包括形成第一梁168和第二梁170之间的缺口174的具有变化厚度的区域。缺口174容纳可以经过第一梁168和第二梁170之间的各种电池组部件182。
虽然不同的非限制性实施例说明为具有特定的部件或步骤,但本公开的实施例不限于那些特定的组合。使用来自任何非限制性实施例的部分部件或特征与来自任何其他非限制性实施例的特征或部件的组合是可能的。
应该理解的是,在几个附图中的相同的附图标记识别对应的或相似的元件。应该理解的是,尽管在这些示例性实施例中公开并且说明了特定的部件设置,但其他设置也可以从本公开的教导中受益。
上述说明应该理解为说明性的并且无任何限制的意义。本领域普通技术人员将要理解的是,某些修改可以发生在本公开的范围内。由于这些原因,应该研究下面的权利要求以确定本公开的准确范围和内容。

Claims (13)

1.一种电池组,所述电池组包含:
托盘;
安装至所述托盘的盖;以及
包括连接至所述托盘的第一梁和连接至所述盖的第二梁的梁系统。
2.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁和所述第二梁是顶帽形的。
3.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁和所述第二梁中的至少一个响应于负荷事件而在第一位置和第二位置之间是可移动的,在所述负荷事件中力被施加于所述托盘或者施加于所述盖。
4.如权利要求3所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁和所述第二梁在所述第二位置中彼此邻接。
5.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁包括第一喇叭形部分并且所述第二梁包括第二喇叭形部分,并且所述第一喇叭形部分与所述第二喇叭形部分嵌套。
6.如权利要求5所述的电池组,其中所述第一喇叭形部分被接收在所述托盘的突出部的上方。
7.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁和所述第二梁中的至少一个包括具有变化厚度的区域。
8.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁和所述第二梁是金属结构。
9.如权利要求1所述的电池组,包含在所述第一梁和所述第二梁之间形成的至少一个缺口。
10.如权利要求9所述的电池组,包含经过所述至少一个缺口的电池组部件。
11.如权利要求1所述的电池组,包含与所述梁系统隔开的第二梁系统。
12.如权利要求1所述的电池组,其中所述第一梁连接至所述托盘的底表面并且朝着所述第二梁突出,并且所述第二梁连接至所述盖的内表面并且朝着所述第一梁突出。
13.一种电池组,所述电池组包含:
外罩;
容纳在所述外罩里面的电池总成;以及
包括连接至所述外罩的第一部分的第一梁和连接至所述外罩的第二部分的第二梁的梁系统,所述第一梁和所述第二梁配置为在负荷事件期间响应于所述第一部分或者所述第二部分的偏转而邻接。
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