CN107039115B - 一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层，所述复合纤维层为N‑Ni‑Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，所述屏蔽层为金属镀化石墨纤维，本发明制得电力电缆具有优异的导电性能，耐热散热性强，抗压强度、机械强度高，弯曲性好，有效延长了使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电力电缆技术领域，具体涉及一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆。
背景技术
目前的电线电缆行业中主导产品是铜芯电缆，这种电缆原料价格高，资源短缺，而铝矿资源和稀土资源相对较为丰富，为了缓解铜资源的紧张局面，利用铝合金等材料制作高性能的电缆可以作为一种很好的解决方案，并且铜合金还有一些缺陷，比如造价较高、机械性能较差等，所以很有必要开发一种型铝合金电缆，并使之各项性能指标不亚于铜芯电缆，甚至部分性能指标优于铜芯电缆。由于上述原因，本发明人对现有的铝合金电缆技术进行了深入研究，以期望设计出能够解决上述问题的铝合金电缆。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题，本发明提出了一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，具有优异的导电性能，耐热散热性强，抗压强度、机械强度高，弯曲性好，有效延长了使用寿命。
为了实现上述的目的，本发明采用以下的技术方案：
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，所述屏蔽层为金属镀化石墨纤维。
优选的，所述铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.1-0.35％、Cu 3.5-4.7％、Mn0.015-0.04％、Mg 1.2-1.5％、Zr 0.2-0.5％、Cr 0-0.25％、Sc 0.15-0.3％、B 0-0.05％、余量为Al。
优选的，所述复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 10-11.5％、Ni 0.5-2.5％、Sm 0.1-0.4％。
优选的，所述沥青基碳纤维长径比为60-100。
优选的，所述绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为24.8-25.6％。
优选的，所述金属镀化石墨纤维为镀镍石墨纤维或镀锡石墨纤维。
优选的，所述屏蔽层外还设有防护套，所述防护套防护套为电缆专用防护套管。
由于采用上述的技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：本发明制得电力电缆具有优异的导电性能，耐热散热性强，抗压强度、机械强度高，弯曲性好，有效延长了使用寿命。铝合金本身具有比重轻、防腐性强、力学性能优良等性质，通过在铝合金金属表面增强改性掺杂纤维，一方面提高了铝合金线芯的力学性能、电学性能，另一方面可活化铝合金界面，增强与绝缘层树脂薄膜的结合性能，玻璃纤维嵌段聚酰亚胺树脂显著提高了机械性能。另外，采用金属镀化后的石墨纤维配合电缆专用防护套管显著提高了电力电缆的安全性能，延长了有效使用期限。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层、防护套，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 10.5％、Ni 0.8％、Sm 0.1％，沥青基碳纤维长径比为80，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为24.8％，所述屏蔽层为镀镍石墨纤维。
其中，铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.15％、Cu 3.8％、Mn 0.015％、Mg1.4％、Zr 0.2％、Cr 0.15％、Sc 0.18％、B 0.03％、余量为Al。
实施例2:
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层、防护套，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 11％、Ni 1.2％、Sm 0.3％，沥青基碳纤维长径比为80，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为25.2％，所述屏蔽层为镀镍石墨纤维。
其中，铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.25％、Cu 4.2％、Mn 0.03％、Mg1.2％、Zr 0.4％、Cr 0％、Sc 0.2％、B 0.02％、余量为Al。
实施例3:
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层、防护套，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 11.5％、Ni 2.5％、Sm 0.25％，沥青基碳纤维长径比为100，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为25.5％，所述屏蔽层为镀锡石墨纤维。
其中，铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.3％、Cu 4.7％、Mn 0.02％、Mg1.3％、Zr 0.25％、Cr 0.1％、Sc 0.25％、B 0％、余量为Al。
实施例4:
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层、防护套，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 10.2％、Ni 2％、Sm 0.35％，沥青基碳纤维长径比为60，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为25.6％，所述屏蔽层为镀镍石墨纤维。
其中，铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.2％、Cu 4.5％、Mn 0.04％、Mg1.5％、Zr 0.3％、Cr 0％、Sc 0.15％、B 0％、余量为Al。
实施例5:
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层、防护套，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 10％、Ni 1％、Sm 0.4％，沥青基碳纤维长径比为60，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为24.9％，所述屏蔽层为镀锡石墨纤维。
其中，铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.35％、Cu 3.5％、Mn 0.025％、Mg1.4％、Zr 0.4％、Cr 0.25％、Sc 0.3％、B 0.05％、余量为Al。
实施例6:
一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层、防护套，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，复合纤维层中掺杂元素含量为N 11.4％、Ni 0.5％、Sm 0.2％，沥青基碳纤维长径比为100，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合含量为25.4％，所述屏蔽层为镀镍石墨纤维。
其中，铝合金线芯由以下百分含量制成：Fe 0.1％、Cu 4.3％、Mn 0.03％、Mg1.3％、Zr 0.5％、Cr 0.2％、Sc 0.25％、B 0.01％、余量为Al。
将本发明实施例制得的电力电缆(除去防护套)进行性能测试，数据如下：拉伸强度为206MPa，断裂伸长率为31.8％，导电率为61.2％IAC(以上数据为实施例平均值)。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，其特征在于：包括由内而外设有的铝合金线芯、复合纤维层、绝缘层、屏蔽层，所述复合纤维层为N-Ni-Sm掺杂改性沥青基碳纤维，所述绝缘层为玻璃纤维/聚酰亚胺树脂复合薄膜，所述屏蔽层为金属镀化石墨纤维；其中，铝合金线芯由以下质量百分含量制成：Fe 0.1-0.35％、Cu 3.5-4.7％、Mn 0.015-0.04％、Mg 1.2-1.5％、Zr 0.2-0.5％、Cr 0-0.25％、Sc 0.15-0.3％、B 0-0.05％、余量为Al；复合纤维层中掺杂元素质量百分含量为N 10-11.5％、Ni 0.5-2.5％、Sm 0.1-0.4％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，其特征在于：所述沥青基碳纤维长径比为60-100。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，其特征在于：所述绝缘层中玻璃纤维嵌合质量百分含量为24.8-25.6％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，其特征在于：所述金属镀化石墨纤维为镀镍石墨纤维或镀锡石墨纤维。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高强纤维复合铝合金电力电缆，其特征在于：所述屏蔽层外还设有防护套，所述防护套为电缆专用防护套管。
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