CN107036862B - A kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling sample preparation device and method - Google Patents
A kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling sample preparation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107036862B CN107036862B CN201710169070.3A CN201710169070A CN107036862B CN 107036862 B CN107036862 B CN 107036862B CN 201710169070 A CN201710169070 A CN 201710169070A CN 107036862 B CN107036862 B CN 107036862B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating types to remold sample preparation device, and preparation of soil sample case is connect with constant temperature water tank, realizes the purpose that preparation of soil sample case keeps constant temperature in sample making course；Preparation of soil sample case is controlled to a vacuum pump, and realizes the purpose of preparation of soil sample case internal vacuum real-time control；Preparation of soil sample lower box part realizes the purpose that water is pooled to conial vertex draining using gravity in coniform；It is drained inside preparation of soil sample case using aperture bellows, realizes the triple role for adapting to consolidation deformation, increasing drainage path, reducing the sample preparation time.A kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling preparation method of sample includes following key step: configuration mud, insulated water tank add water, and assembling preparation of soil sample case pours into mud, tighten open polybag and plastic film, keep the temperature preparation of soil sample case, vacuumize.The present invention effectively overcomes that the vacuum concretion method sample preparation time is long, the non-uniform disadvantage of sample preparation, while can disposably prepare multiple samples, improves sample preparation efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering field of sample preparation, especially a kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remolds sample preparation device
And method.
Background technique
In Geotechnical Engineering field, native mechanics index of physics, often need to do laboratory test to soil sample in order to obtain.Mesh
Sample used in preceding geotechnical engineering laboratory test is divided into 2 kinds: undisturbed sample and remodeling sample.Undisturbed sample can obtain and live ratio
More consistent technical indicator is the optimal selection of laboratory test.But since undisturbed sample sampling is complicated, saves inconvenient, cost
The problems such as higher, mostly uses remodeling sample in actual tests.The preparation remodeling common method of sample has 2 classes: compacting process and consolidation
Method.Compacting process is that sample is divided into aliquot identical in quality, and actual arrival specified size is hit in layering.Compacting process have soil sample it is uneven,
Sample is easy the disadvantages of package air.The concretion method of early stage is to add distilled water that mud is made wind desiceted soil, sample preparation cylinder is poured into, three
Consolidation obtains saturated sample in axis instrument.This method has cumbersome sample preparation, the high requirements on the equipment, consolidation time longer scarce
Point.
In recent years, vacuum concretion method obtains in preparation remodeling sample because of the advantages that its is easy to operate, lower to equipment requirement
To being more and more widely used.Mainly there is Chinese patent using the patent of vacuum concretion method preparation remodeling sample at present
ZL200920106559.7,ZL201410216203.4.The former differs greatly at drainage path, and the soil sample after consolidation is uneven；Afterwards
Although person's drainage path is not much different, since contact area is larger between soil sample and chamber wall, the boundary effect of chamber wall
Soil sample consolidation can be made uneven.Meanwhile the two all has the shortcomings that the sample preparation time long.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of sample preparation time is short, the uniform time control of sample preparation
Formula thermal-insulating type remolds sample preparation device and method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling sample preparation device, including constant temperature water tank, preparation of soil sample case, bottle,suction, electronics
The water outlet of scale, vacuum pump and time switch, constant temperature water tank is connect with the inlet valve of preparation of soil sample case, the water inlet of constant temperature water tank
Mouth is connect with the flowing water Valve of preparation of soil sample case, and the Water-pumping valve of preparation of soil sample case and the through-hole at the top of bottle,suction connect, and is filtered
The bleeding point of bottle side through-hole and vacuum pump connects, and vacuum pump is connect by conducting wire with time switch, preparation of soil sample case it is organic
Glass container inner cavity is connect by inlet valve and flowing water Valve with constant temperature water tank, and chimney filter, soil sample system are equipped in preparation of soil sample case
Standby bottom portion is equipped with the fine sand of permeable woven bag package, is laid with one layer of geotextiles on permeable woven bag, preparation of soil sample case passes through pumping
Water pipe is connect with bottle,suction, and bottle,suction is controlled to a vacuum pump by vacuum tube, and time switch controls the start and stop of vacuum pump.
It is close to open polybag on the inside of the plexiglass box wall of the preparation of soil sample case, lower end folds 2cm and fills in geotechnique
Between cloth and permeable woven bag, upper end is tightened when vacuumizing with rubber band.
Poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is equipped with above the geotextiles of the preparation of soil sample case, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate will be located at organic glass just
Open polybag and geotextiles between plate and plexiglass box wall clamp, and reduction water as far as possible leaks down without geotextiles
It goes.
8 chimney filters are embedded on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, chimney filter fills PP cotton by inside, outside filter cloth wraps up, it is round-meshed to bore
Bellows composition.
On the outside of the plexiglass box wall of the preparation of soil sample case and layer of plastic film is close at top, uses when vacuumizing
Elastic string tightens.
Time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling sample preparation device at quadrat method the following steps are included:
(1) scene is obtained into soil sample air-dry, pulverized, cross the sieve of 2mm, water is added to be configured to the mud that moisture content is 100%, leaching
Bubble 24 hours；
(2) it is added water at 2/3 to constant temperature water tank, opens water tank power switch, water temperature is made to be maintained at 60 DEG C or so；
(3) fine sand that permeable woven bag wraps up is placed in the cone of preparation of soil sample case, surfacing；
(4) the plexiglass box inner wall of preparation of soil sample case is close to open polybag, lower end folding 2cm is placed on permeable
Above woven bag；
(5) geotextiles are placed on to the top of permeable woven bag；
(6) circular hole, inside filling PP cotton, outside one layer of filter cloth of package are bored on bellows, and are tightened with nylon rope, lower end
It is embedded in poly (methyl methacrylate) plate；
(7) poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is placed on to the top of geotextiles together with chimney filter；
(8) mud prepared in step (1) is poured into open polybag, with aspiration pump mud and open polybag
Between air take out, open polybag upper end is tightened with rubber band；
(9) the plexiglass box outer wall of preparation of soil sample case and top are close to layer of plastic film, are tightened with elastic string；
(10) inlet valve and flowing water Valve for opening preparation of soil sample case make the water in constant temperature water tank flow into organic glass and hold
Device inner cavity keeps the temperature 3 hours；
(11) power on, open time switch, vacuum pump is started to work, until vacuum meter shows that air pressure is 1 atmosphere
When pressure, Water-pumping valve is opened,
(12) quality that water in bottle,suction is weighed by electronic scale, calculates the aqueous of sample in preparation of soil sample case accordingly
Rate；
(13) when the moisture content of sample in preparation of soil sample case reaches predetermined moisture content, Water-pumping valve is closed, closes time control
Switch disconnects vacuum-pump power supply, closes constant temperature water tank, allows water natural back flow in plexiglass box inner cavity to constant temperature water tank
In；
(14) elastic string is unlocked, plastic film is removed, unlocks rubber band, open polybag is strutted, is sampled with soil sampler；
(15) after soil sample being whittled into predetermined diameter and the sample of height with soil-cutter, that is, the remodeling examination of expected moisture content is obtained
Sample.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) disadvantage long for the existing vacuum sample making legal system sample time, the present invention is using constant temperature water tank to preparation of soil sample case
Heat preservation, makes the temperature of soil sample be maintained at 60 DEG C or so.Under 80kPa vacuum pressure, the boiling point of water is reduced to about 60 DEG C or so, soil
In Free water can rapid vaporization, taken away rapidly by vacuum pump, effectively shorten the sample preparation time.
(2) disadvantage long for the existing vacuum sample making legal system sample time, the present invention is using time switch control vacuum pump
Start and stop, interior for 24 hours after starting vacuumizing, switch Lifetime is 1-2min, turn-off time 5-6min, is connected to and disconnects friendship
For progress.The alternation switch of vacuum pump causes the variation of vacuum pressure in preparation of soil sample case, postpones clay fine grained and was draining
Aggregation in journey, can solve the problems, such as during vacuum preloading because caused by earth material migration drainage channel block too early, shorten system
The sample time.
(3) for the existing vacuum sample making legal system sample time is long, the non-uniform disadvantage of sample preparation, present invention use around test
The aperture bellows draining for filling the filter cloth package of PP cotton, effectively increases drainage path, has not only reduced the sample preparation time, but also as far as possible
Reduce the inhomogeneities of sample preparation.Meanwhile compared with plastic draining board, the aperture bellows of the filter cloth package of filling PP cotton can be very
Sample caused deformation in consolidation process is adapted to well, phenomena such as will not bending.The effect of PP cotton is to avoid bellows
It is crushed in sample consolidation process, while quickly water can be discharged for the transmissibility of PP cotton.
(4) compared with bottom is the consolidation container of plane, consolidation container bottom is designed as taper by the present invention, is made full use of
Water is pooled to conial vertex by gravity, is more advantageous to sample draining.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sample preparation device overall schematic.
Fig. 2 is preparation of soil sample case 2-2 section sectional view.
Fig. 3 is preparation of soil sample case 1-1 section sectional view.
Fig. 4 is chimney filter enlarged drawing.
In figure: 1, vacuum meter；2, bottle,suction；3, time switch；4, vacuum tube；5, vacuum pump；6, electronic scale；7, plastics are thin
Film；8, flowing water Valve；9, plexiglass box wall；10, plexiglass box inner cavity；11, open polybag；12, drinking-water pipe；
13, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate；14, geotextiles；15, permeable woven bag；16, rubber band；17, filter cloth；18, bellows；19, circular hole；20,
Bracket；21, fine sand；22, Water-pumping valve；23, outlet pipe；24, elastic string；25, nylon rope；26, water inlet pipe；27, constant temperature water tank；
28, inlet valve；29, PP cotton.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig.1~Fig. 4, a kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling sample preparation device, including constant temperature water tank 27, the preparation of soil sample
Case, bottle,suction 2, electronic scale 6, vacuum pump 5 and time switch 3, the water outlet of constant temperature water tank 27 and the inlet valve of preparation of soil sample case
Door 28 connects, and the water inlet of constant temperature water tank 27 is connect with the flowing water Valve 8 of preparation of soil sample case, the Water-pumping valve 22 of preparation of soil sample case
It is connect with the through-hole at 2 top of bottle,suction, 2 side through-hole of bottle,suction is connect with the bleeding point of vacuum pump 5, and vacuum pump 5 passes through conducting wire
It is connect with time switch 3, it is characterised in that: in cylindrical shape, lower part in coniform, cylinder inner diameter is preparation of soil sample upper box part
36cm, outer diameter 40cm, high-order 60cm, the bevel edge and bottom edge angle of circular cone body section are 15 °, the organic glass of preparation of soil sample case
Container intracavity 10 is connect by inlet valve 28 and flowing water Valve 8 with constant temperature water tank 27, organic glass inner cavity thickness 3cm, soil sample system
Chimney filter is equipped in standby case, preparation of soil sample bottom portion is equipped with the fine sand 21 of permeable woven bag 15 package, is laid on permeable woven bag 15
One layer of geotextiles 14, preparation of soil sample case are connect by drinking-water pipe 12 with bottle,suction 2, and bottle,suction 2 passes through vacuum tube 4 and vacuum pump 5
Connection, time switch 3 control the start and stop of vacuum pump 5, and interior for 24 hours after starting vacuumizing, switch Lifetime is 1-2min, break
ETAD expected time of arrival and departure is 5-6min, and connection and disconnection are alternately.
It is close to open polybag 11 on the inside of the plexiglass box wall 9 of the preparation of soil sample case, lower end folds 2cm and fills in soil
Between work cloth and permeable woven bag, upper end is tightened when vacuumizing with rubber band.Plexiglass box wall thickness 0.5cm.
Poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 13,13 thickness 0.5cm of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, diameter are equipped with above the geotextiles 14 of the preparation of soil sample case
For 35.9cm, just by the open polybag 11 and geotextiles 14 between poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 13 and plexiglass box wall 9
It clamps, reduction water goes down without geotextiles leakage as far as possible.
8 chimney filters are embedded on poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 13, chimney filter is wrapped up with filter cloth 17 by inside filling PP cotton 29, outside, is used in combination
The bellows 18 that nylon rope 25 tightened, was drilled with circular hole 19 forms.The enlarged drawing of chimney filter is shown in that Fig. 4, the specific location of bellows are shown in figure
Dashed region is sampling region in 3, Fig. 3, and the circle that totally 4 diameters are 10cm can satisfy the sampleman of most samples
Make.
Layer of plastic film 7 is close at 9 outside of plexiglass box wall of the preparation of soil sample case and top, when vacuumizing
It is tightened with elastic string 24.
A kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remodeling sample preparation device realize at quadrat method, described at quadrat method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) scene is obtained into soil sample air-dry, pulverized, cross the sieve of 2mm, water is added to be configured to the mud that moisture content is 100%, leaching
Bubble 24 hours；
(2) it is added water at 2/3 to constant temperature water tank 27, opens water tank power switch, water temperature is made to be maintained at 60 DEG C or so；
(3) fine sand 21 that permeable woven bag 15 wraps up is placed in the cone of preparation of soil sample case, surfacing；
(4) open polybag 11 will be close on the inside of the plexiglass box wall 9 of preparation of soil sample case, lower end folds 2cm and places
Above permeable woven bag 15；
(5) geotextiles 14 are placed on to the top of permeable woven bag 15；
(6) circular hole 19, inside filling PP cotton 29, outside one layer of filter cloth 17 of package are bored on bellows 18, and use nylon rope
24 tighten, and lower end is embedded in poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 13；
(7) poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 13 is placed on to the top of geotextiles 14 together with chimney filter；
(8) mud prepared in step (1) is poured into open polybag 11, with aspiration pump mud and open plastics
Air between bag is taken out, and open polybag upper end rubber band 16 is tightened；
(9) layer of plastic film 7 is close in 9 outside of the plexiglass box wall of preparation of soil sample case and top, uses elastic string
24 tighten；
(10) inlet valve 28 and flowing water Valve 8 for opening preparation of soil sample case flow into the water in constant temperature water tank 27 organic
Glass container inner cavity 10 keeps the temperature 3 hours；
(11) power on, open time switch 3, vacuum pump 5 is started to work, until vacuum meter 1 shows that air pressure is 1 big
When air pressure, Water-pumping valve 22 is opened, the remodeling sample is consolidated；
(12) quality that water in bottle,suction 2 is weighed by electronic scale 6, calculates the aqueous of sample in preparation of soil sample case accordingly
Rate；
(13) when the moisture content of sample in preparation of soil sample case reaches predetermined moisture content, Water-pumping valve 22 is closed, when closing
Switch 3 is controlled, 5 power supply of vacuum pump is disconnected, closes constant temperature water tank 27, allows water natural back flow in plexiglass box inner cavity 10 to permanent
In reservoir 27；
(14) elastic string 24 is unlocked, plastic film 7 is removed, unlocks rubber band 16, open polybag 11 is strutted, uses soil sampler
Sampling, sampling region are dashed region in Fig. 3；
(15) after soil sample being whittled into predetermined diameter and the sample of height with soil-cutter, that is, the remodeling examination of expected moisture content is obtained
Sample.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of time-controlled type thermal-insulating type remolds sample preparation device, including constant temperature water tank, preparation of soil sample case, bottle,suction, electronic scale,
Vacuum pump and time switch, it is characterised in that: the water outlet of constant temperature water tank is connect with the inlet valve of preparation of soil sample case, thermostatted water
The water inlet of case is connect with the flowing water Valve of preparation of soil sample case, and the Water-pumping valve of preparation of soil sample case and the through-hole at the top of bottle,suction connect
It connects, the bleeding point connection of bottle,suction side through-hole and vacuum pump, vacuum pump is connect by conducting wire with time switch, preparation of soil sample case
Plexiglass box inner cavity connect by inlet valve and flowing water Valve with constant temperature water tank, preparation of soil sample case is interior equipped with chimney filter,
Preparation of soil sample bottom portion is equipped with the fine sand of permeable woven bag package, is laid with one layer of geotextiles, preparation of soil sample case on permeable woven bag
It being connect by drinking-water pipe with bottle,suction, bottle,suction is controlled to a vacuum pump by vacuum tube, and time switch controls the start and stop of vacuum pump,
It is close to open polybag on the inside of the plexiglass box wall of the preparation of soil sample case, lower end folds 2cm and fills in geotextiles
Between permeable woven bag, upper end is tightened when vacuumizing with rubber band；
Poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is equipped with above the geotextiles of the preparation of soil sample case, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate will be located at poly (methyl methacrylate) plate just
Open polybag and geotextiles between plexiglass box wall clamp, and reduction water goes down without geotextiles leakage as far as possible；
8 chimney filters are embedded on the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, chimney filter is wrapped up by inside filling PP cotton, outside filter cloth, is drilled with circular hole
Bellows composition；
On the outside of the plexiglass box wall of the preparation of soil sample case and layer of plastic film is close at top, and rubber is used when vacuumizing
Leather rope tightens.
2. based on time-controlled type thermal-insulating type described in claim 1 remodeling sample preparation device at quadrat method the following steps are included:
(1) scene is obtained into soil sample air-dry, pulverized, cross the sieve of 2mm, water is added to be configured to the mud that moisture content is 100%, impregnate 24
Hour；
(2) it is added water at 2/3 to constant temperature water tank, opens water tank power switch, water temperature is made to be maintained at 60 DEG C or so；
(3) fine sand that permeable woven bag wraps up is placed in the cone of preparation of soil sample case, surfacing；
(4) the plexiglass box inner wall of preparation of soil sample case is close to open polybag, lower end folds 2cm and is placed on permeable braiding
Bag top；
(5) geotextiles are placed on to the top of permeable woven bag；
(6) circular hole, inside filling PP cotton, outside one layer of filter cloth of package are bored on bellows, and are tightened with nylon rope, lower end insertion
In poly (methyl methacrylate) plate；
(7) poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is placed on to the top of geotextiles together with chimney filter；
(8) mud prepared in step (1) is poured into open polybag, with aspiration pump between mud and open polybag
Air take out, open polybag upper end is tightened with rubber band；
(9) the plexiglass box outer wall of preparation of soil sample case and top are close to layer of plastic film, are tightened with elastic string；
(10) inlet valve and flowing water Valve for opening preparation of soil sample case flow into the water in constant temperature water tank in plexiglass box
Chamber keeps the temperature 3 hours；
(11) powering on, open time switch, vacuum pump is started to work, until vacuum meter shows that air pressure is 1 atmospheric pressure,
Water-pumping valve is opened,
(12) quality that water in bottle,suction is weighed by electronic scale, calculates the moisture content of sample in preparation of soil sample case accordingly；
(13) when the moisture content of sample in preparation of soil sample case reaches predetermined moisture content, Water-pumping valve is closed, closes time switch,
Vacuum-pump power supply is disconnected, constant temperature water tank is closed, allows the water natural back flow in plexiglass box inner cavity into constant temperature water tank；
(14) elastic string is unlocked, plastic film is removed, unlocks rubber band, open polybag is strutted, is sampled with soil sampler；
(15) after soil sample being whittled into predetermined diameter and the sample of height with soil-cutter, that is, the remodeling sample of expected moisture content is obtained.
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| CN109781486A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-21 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | A kind of method of cohesive soil fast deposition consolidation |
| CN109781487A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-21 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | A kind of cohesive soil fast deposition consolidation device |
| CN112985948A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-06-18 | 济南大学 | Mounting method, dismounting method and using method of hollow cylindrical sample |
| CN114166645B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-04-12 | 潍坊学院 | Indoor soil body negative pressure consolidation device |
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| CN201464263U (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2010-05-12 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Preparation device of remodeling oceanic foundation soft clay in laboratory room |
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