CN107034536A - 一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107034536A
CN107034536A CN201710341417.8A CN201710341417A CN107034536A CN 107034536 A CN107034536 A CN 107034536A CN 201710341417 A CN201710341417 A CN 201710341417A CN 107034536 A CN107034536 A CN 107034536A
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金党波
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Jin Dangbo
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,属于化工产品制造技术领域。其主要技术特点是将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺5g溶解后,再加入茶多酚15g进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液,将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。本发明原料组份少,生产工艺简单,产量较高。生产出的石墨烯棉纤维具有良好的吸湿透气、柔软手感及染色性能,而且具有石墨烯超高的强度、热导率、电导率和抗菌等特性,具有耐高温阻燃、远红外线、抗菌防臭、保温蓄热、抗静电、防紫外线、高吸湿吸水的作用。

Description

一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种棉纤维的制备工艺,特别涉及一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备工艺,属于化工产品制造技术领域。
背景技术
石墨烯是一种新型碳纳米轻质材料,是一种平面单层紧密打包成一个二维蜂窝晶格的碳原子,并且是所有其他维度的石墨材料的基本构建模块,其具有最薄、最大比表面积、最硬、最抗拉等诸多史上最强性质和高性能传感器功能、类似催化剂功能等独特性质。目前主要有4种制备石墨烯的方法:微机械剥离法、气相沉积法、外延生长法、氧化石墨还原法。石墨烯的出现,有望在构造材料、电子器件功能性材料等诸多领域引发材料革命。由于其具有许多特殊性质,有日本的研究人员惊呼石墨烯是“神仙创造”的材料。许多学者称石墨烯为“改变21世纪的材料”,并预测“21世纪将是碳(C)的时代”。相比于现有材料,石墨烯拥有众多“史上最强”性能。最薄的材料:单层石墨烯只有一个碳原子的厚度,厚度大约为0.335nm,相当于一个头发丝的20万分之一,1毫米厚的石墨中有将近150万层左右的石墨烯。
最硬的材料:石墨是矿物质中最软的材料,其莫氏硬度只有1-2级。但是,如果石墨被分离成一个碳原子厚度的石墨烯时,其性能则发生突变,硬度将比莫氏硬度10级的金刚石还高。
超大比表面积:理想的单层石墨烯的比表面积能够达到2630m2/g,普通的活性炭的比表面积仅为1500m2/g。超大的比表面积使得石墨烯成为潜力巨大的储能材料。强导电性:石墨烯中的电子没有质量,电子的运动速度超过了在其他金属单体或是半导体中的运动速度,能够达到光速的1/300,所以石墨烯拥有超强导电性。
由于其独特的物理化学性质,石墨烯有望在半导体、光伏、锂电池、航天、军工、显示器等传统行业和新兴行业带来革命性进步,石墨烯应用于纺织纤维领域制备抗静电、抗菌、吸附等多功能材料是近年来的发展方向,通常的方法是将石墨烯添加到纺丝液中制得含石墨烯的功能纤维,或者采用后整理的方法使石墨烯与纱线或织物发生交联制得功能织物。前种方法仅局限于制备合成纤维,后种方法需要加入交联剂或粘合剂,影响织物的医用、服用性能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是现有技术将石墨烯直接添加到纺丝液中制得含有石墨烯功能的纤维,或者采用后整理的方法使石墨烯与纱线或织物发生交联制得功能织物。前种方法仅局限于制备合成纤维,后种方法需要加入交联剂或粘合剂等其它原料,影响织物的医用和使用性能,针对现有技术生产出的含有石墨烯织物存在制备方法比较复杂,纤维结构粗糙,织物容易断裂,伸长率较低,服用性能较差,并且产量较低的缺陷,从而提供一种新的技术方案。
为了解决上述问题,本发明采用以下技术方案实现:
一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,其带有石墨烯棉纤维是利用石墨烯溶液与棉纤维进行混合,经过浆粕、浸渍、压榨、粉碎、老成、黄化、溶解、混合、过滤、脱泡、纺丝、牵伸、切断、精练、烘干工艺制备而成,再通过纺丝工艺制备成布匹;
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤是:先将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L在温度为60℃时,利用超声波进行震荡分散30分钟,然后加入多巴胺5g溶解后,再加入茶多酚15g进行搅拌混合,搅拌时间为30分钟,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液,将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:生产工艺简单,易于操作,且产量较高。开发出的石墨烯棉纤维可广泛应用于服装及产业用纺织品等领域。制取的石墨烯棉纤维为基体,具有良好的吸湿透气、柔软手感及染色性能,而且具有石墨烯超高的强度、热导率、电导率和抗菌等特性,纤维的导电及热学性能与常规再生纤维素纤维相比均有提高,并增加了纤维的耐高温阻燃、远红外线、抗菌防臭、保温蓄热、抗静电、防紫外线、高吸湿吸水作用。克服了现有技术制备方法过程较复杂,纤维结构粗糙,容易断裂,伸长率较低,服用性能较差,产量较低的缺陷。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解,此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明,
并不用于限定本发明。
实施例一:一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
带有石墨烯棉纤维是利用石墨烯溶液与棉纤维混合,经过浆粕、浸渍、压榨、粉碎、老成、黄化、溶解、混合、过滤、脱泡、纺丝、牵伸、切断、精练、烘干工艺制备而成,再通过纺丝工艺制备成布匹。
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤:先将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺5g溶解后,再加入茶多酚15g的进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液。石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法:将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素中,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。石墨烯棉纤维;其湿法纺丝设备是传统的粘胶纤维纺丝设备;
石墨烯棉纤维的制造流程为:浆粕、浸渍、压榨、粉碎、老成、黄化、溶解、混合、过滤、脱泡、纺丝、牵伸、切断、精练、烘干。
实验测试:本发明所生产的石墨烯共混再生棉纤维素纤维成品指标是:纤度4.55dtex,干断裂强度1.82CN/dtex,湿断裂强度0.96cN/dtex,干断裂伸长率18.2%,质量比电阻8.1×10Ω·g/cm,纤维热分解温度312℃。
实施例二:一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤:先将浓度为7g/L的石墨烯溶液3.0L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺56g溶解后,再加入茶多酚15g的进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液。石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法:将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。实验也证明了纺织材料中含有石墨烯成分。
石墨烯棉纤维制成纺织材料的流程同实施例一。
实验测试:本发明所生产的石墨烯共混再生纤维素纤维成品指标是:纤度4.64dtex,干断裂强度1.91CN/dtex,湿断裂强度0.96cN/dtex,干断裂伸长率19.2%,质量比电阻8.3×10Ω·g/cm,纤维热分解温度323℃。
实施例三,一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤:先将浓度为7g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺8g溶解后,再加入茶多酚20g的进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液。石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法:将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。
石墨烯棉纤维制成纺织材料的流程同实施例一。
实验测试:本发明所生产的石墨烯共混再生纤维素纤维成品指标是:纤度4.84dtex,干断裂强度1.88CN/dtex,湿断裂强度0.97cN/dtex,干断裂伸长率19.7%,质量比电阻8.3×10Ω·g/cm,纤维热分解温度331℃。
实施例四:一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤:先将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺7g溶解后,再加入茶多酚20g的进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液。石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法:将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。
石墨烯棉纤维制成纺织材料的流程同实施例一。
实验测试:本发明所生产的石墨烯共混再生纤维素纤维成品指标是:纤度4.79dtex,干断裂强度1.85CN/dtex,湿断裂强度0.94cN/dtex,干断裂伸长率18.9%,质量比电阻8.3×10Ω·g/cm,纤维热分解温度334℃。
实施例五:一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤:先将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.5L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺9g溶解后,再加入茶多酚21g的进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液。石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法:将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。
石墨烯棉纤维;湿法纺丝设备可用传统的粘胶纤维纺丝设备;
石墨烯棉纤维制成纺织材料的流程同实施例一。
实验测试:本发明所生产的石墨烯共混再生纤维素纤维成品指标:纤度4.85dtex,干断裂强度1.90CN/dtex,湿断裂强度0.96cN/dtex,干断裂伸长率18.9%,质量比电阻8.4×10Ω·g/cm,纤维热分解温度338℃。
实施例六:一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤:先将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L利用超声波进行震荡分散,然后加入多巴胺8g溶解后,再加入茶多酚17g的进行搅拌混合,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液。石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法:将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。
石墨烯棉纤维;湿法纺丝设备可用传统的粘胶纤维纺丝设备;
石石墨烯棉纤维制成纺织材料的流程同实施例一。
实验测试:本发明所生产的石墨烯共混再生纤维素纤维成品指标:纤度4.90dtex,干断裂强度1.90CN/dtex,湿断裂强度0.97cN/dtex,干断裂伸长率19.2%,质量比电阻8.1×10Ω·g/cm,纤维热分解温度339℃。
实验测试
将实施例制备得到的石墨烯棉纤维进行如下测试:
(1)断裂强度和断裂伸长率:测试方法为GB/T 3923.1-1997织物断裂强力和断裂伸长率的测定;
(2)透气率:测试方法为GBT5453-1997纺织物透气性检测;
(3)远红外法向发射率:按照FZ/T64010-2000检验方法进行检验;
(4)抑菌检性:按照GB/T20944.3-2008检验方法,以金黄色葡萄球菌为例;
实施例1~6的性能测试结果:
实施例1:断裂强度(N/tex)57;断裂伸长率(%)66;透气率(mm/s)235.4远红外法向发射率(%)0.91;抑菌检性(%)95。
实施例2:断裂强度(N/tex)57;断裂伸长率(%)67;透气率(mm/s)237.1远红外法向发射率(%)0.91;抑菌检性(%)95。
实施例3:断裂强度(N/tex)57;断裂伸长率(%)66;透气率(mm/s)236.8远红外法向发射率(%)0.90;抑菌检性(%)95。
实施例4:断裂强度(N/tex)58;断裂伸长率(%)67;透气率(mm/s)232.2远红外法向发射率(%)0.91;抑菌检性(%)96。
实施例5:断裂强度(N/tex)58;断裂伸长率(%)67;透气率(mm/s)231.8远红外法向发射率(%)0.91;抑菌检性(%)96。
实施例6:断裂强度(N/tex)58;断裂伸长率(%)67;透气率(mm/s)234.7远红外法向发射率(%)0.91;抑菌检性(%)97。

Claims (1)

1.一种带有石墨烯棉纤维的制备方法,其特征是:带有石墨烯棉纤维是利用石墨烯溶液与棉纤维进行混合,经过浆粕、浸渍、压榨、粉碎、老成、黄化、溶解、混合、过滤、脱泡、纺丝、牵伸、切断、精练、烘干工艺制备而成,再通过纺丝工艺制备成布匹;
石墨烯溶液的制备方法和步骤是:先将浓度为6g/L的石墨烯溶液2.0L在温度为60℃时,利用超声波进行震荡分散30分钟,然后加入多巴胺5g溶解后,再加入茶多酚15g进行搅拌混合,搅拌时间为30分钟,静置2分钟,得石墨烯溶液,将石墨烯溶液加入2kg棉纤维素,搅拌20分钟后,再过滤后得到混合均匀的石墨烯棉纤维。
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TWI637990B (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-10-11 明基材料股份有限公司 石墨烯/纖維素複合氣凝膠及其製造方法
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CN115072649A (zh) * 2021-03-15 2022-09-20 天辰创新材料科技股份有限公司 填充材料结构及其制造方法

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