CN107034356A - A kind of method of microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus and its smart iron ore of reduction - Google Patents
A kind of method of microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus and its smart iron ore of reduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN107034356A CN107034356A CN201710321882.5A CN201710321882A CN107034356A CN 107034356 A CN107034356 A CN 107034356A CN 201710321882 A CN201710321882 A CN 201710321882A CN 107034356 A CN107034356 A CN 107034356A
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- microwave
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- skip car
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/212—Sintering; Agglomerating in tunnel furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0046—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes making metallised agglomerates or iron oxide
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus and using the method for the device reduced iron concentrate, the device includes microwave unit, cooling unit, ore grinding unit and the magnetic separating unit that order is set successively, and microwave unit placement is in orbit；Microwave unit includes the truck, the microwave generator above truck and travel mechanism that can be moved in orbit；Having on the support baseboard of truck on discharging opening, discharging opening has movable floor；Microwave unit be one or continuously arrange two and more than.Its method include with batch mixer by Iron concentrate, carbonaceous reducing agent and desulphurizer mixing it is uniform after, supplying binding agent carry out pressure ball, dried pressure ball is heated with microwave, carry out carbon thermal reduction, in noble gas storage tank cool down after mill select, obtain magnetic concentrate.The rapidly and efficiently reduction for realizing iron ore concentrate that the present invention is heated using microwave, compared to other direct reduction iron making methods, energy consumption is lower, and production efficiency is higher, and product quality is also more stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ore smelting, in particular to a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device and a method for reducing iron ore concentrate by adopting the device.
Background
In the prior art, blast furnace ironmaking usually needs to be matched with coking and sintering processes, and the coking and sintering processes generate a large amount of SO2And NOxCausing serious environmental pollution. The preparation of direct reduction iron making generally adopts carbonaceous reducing agent (coal or reducing gas) to directly reduce iron ore into metallic iron, has the advantages of short process and stable product quality, does not need coking and sintering compared with blast furnace iron making process, is environment-friendly, and has more remarkable advantages and greater development potential.
At present, the mainstream processes for direct reduction iron making are rotary kilns and shaft kilns. The direct reduction process of the rotary kiln depends on burning heavy oil or coal gas by a burner to maintain the temperature in the kiln, and the direct reduction process of the shaft furnace depends on the sensible heat and the reaction heat of the reduction gas entering the furnace to maintain the temperature in the furnace. Because the two processes mainly adopt an external heating mode to heat the materials, the temperature of the materials is slowly increased, and the energy utilization efficiency is lower.
Therefore, a reliable iron ore concentrate reduction device and a reliable iron ore concentrate reduction method are sought, so that the temperature is quickly increased, the energy utilization rate is high, continuous and large-scale production can be realized, and the device and the method have great application values in the fields of direct reduction of iron and ferroalloy production, reduction of ilmenite and reduction of iron and steel dust and mud.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and discloses a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device which comprises a microwave unit, a cooling unit, an ore grinding unit and a magnetic separation unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein the microwave unit is arranged on a track; wherein,
the microwave unit comprises a skip car capable of moving on the track, a microwave generator arranged above the skip car and a moving mechanism for driving the microwave generator and the skip car to move;
the skip car comprises a support bottom plate and a carriage, wherein a discharge hole is formed in the support bottom plate, and a movable bottom plate is covered on the discharge hole;
the microwave units are one or two or more in continuous arrangement.
Further, the cooling unit comprises an inert gas storage tank arranged below the rail;
the inert gas storage tank comprises a tank body, a movable cover plate, a material outlet, a discharge gate plate, a gas inlet, an inert gas inlet, a gas outlet, a buffer plate and a first reinforcing wear-resisting plate, wherein the upper part of the tank body is provided with an opening;
the gas inlet and the inert gas inlet are arranged on the side wall of the tank body, the gas inlet and the inert gas inlet are both arranged in a way that the pipe orifice of the gas outlet pipe faces downwards, the buffer plate is obliquely arranged right below the opening, the horizontal height of one end of the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate is higher than that of the other end of the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and the higher end of the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate is connected to the inner wall of the inert gas storage tank;
the size of the opening is larger than that of the discharge hole.
Further, the inert gas storage tank further comprises a second reinforcing wear-resisting plate used for receiving materials sliding down from the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate is arranged on the inclined inner wall of the bottom of the tank body in a fitting mode.
Furthermore, the microwave unit also comprises an outer cover, a measurement and control device and a power supply for providing electric energy for the measurement and control device, the outer cover is covered over the skip car, the microwave generator is arranged on the lower surface of the outer cover, and the outer cover is also provided with a flue;
the measuring and controlling device is respectively connected with the microwave generator and the moving mechanism, and is also connected with a thermocouple arranged in the skip car.
Further, the part of the thermocouple except the temperature measuring end is coated with a non-microwave absorbing material.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for reducing iron ore concentrate by adopting the microwave tunnel kiln reduction device, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing iron concentrate powder, a carbonaceous reducing agent and a desulfurizing agent;
2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1) into a binder for ball pressing;
3) drying the green pellets obtained after the pellet pressing in the step 2) to obtain dry pellets, adding the dry pellets into a skip car of a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device, and directly reducing the dry pellets by microwave heating by adopting a microwave generator to obtain metallized pellets;
4) cooling the metallized pellets obtained in the step 3) in an inert gas storage tank, and then grinding and selecting to obtain magnetic concentrate.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
in the step 1), the TFe mass percent of the iron concentrate powder is 52-68%, the TFe mass percent comprises two main types of vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate powder and common iron concentrate powder, the mass percent of fixed carbon in the carbonaceous reducing agent is more than or equal to 75%,
the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the carbonaceous reducing agent to the desulfurizing agent is 100: 25-35: 8-12,
the granularity of the fine iron powder, the carbonaceous reducing agent and the desulfurizer is-200 meshes and is more than 85 percent by mass;
the carbonaceous reducing agent is one or more of graphite powder, coke, petroleum coke and anthracite;
the desulfurizer is one or more of limestone, dolomite or quick lime;
the binder is one or two of polyvinyl alcohol solution and starch solution;
in the step 2), the addition amount of the binder is 5-10% of the total mass of the mixture of the fine iron powder, the reducing agent and the desulfurizing agent;
mixing the mixture with a mixer for 20-40 min after the binder is added;
the pressure of the pressing ball is 12-20 MPa;
in the step 3), the drying temperature is 90-130 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 h;
the microwave frequency of the microwave generator is 300 MHz-300 kMHz, the power of the microwave tube is 15-30 kW, the temperature in the skip car is controlled at 900-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation reaction time of the skip car is 60-120 min.
Preferably, step 4) is: and opening the movable bottom plate at the bottom of the skip car, discharging the metallized pellets subjected to heat preservation reduction into an inert gas storage tank through the discharge port for cooling, and discharging the metallized pellets cooled to room temperature from the discharge gate plate for grinding and sorting.
Preferably, the inert gas used for the inert gas storage tank is N2And one or more of Ar.
Preferably, the grinding in the step 4) is to firstly grind the ore to the mass percentage of-150-mesh metallized pellets not less than 85%, and then carry out magnetic separation under the magnetic field intensity of 600-800 Oe to obtain magnetic concentrate and tailings.
The beneficial technical effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
(1) the invention carries out microwave heating through the microwave units, realizes the reduction of iron ore concentrate and the like, has rapid temperature rise and high energy utilization rate, can realize continuous and large-scale reduction production by arranging more than two microwave units, and simplifies the process flow for producing high-quality sponge iron;
(2) the magnetic material prepared by the microwave tunnel kiln reduction device and the reduction method has high TFe content and low S content, and meets the quality requirement of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave unit of a microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inert gas storage tank of a microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the microwave unit of the microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus discharging into the inert gas storage tank according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for reducing iron ore concentrate using a microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the apparatus for reduction using a microwave tunnel kiln according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a track 1, a track 2, a skip car 21, a supporting base plate 22, a discharge hole 23, a movable base plate 3, a microwave generator 4, a moving mechanism 5, a tank body 51, a movable cover plate 52, a material outlet 53, a discharge gate valve 54, a gas inlet 55, an inert gas inlet 56, a gas outlet 57, a buffer plate 58, a first reinforcing wear-resisting plate 59, a second reinforcing wear-resisting plate 6, an outer cover 61, a flue 7, a measurement and control device 8, a power supply 9 and a thermocouple.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout.
The embodiment of the invention provides a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device, which comprises a microwave unit, a cooling unit, an ore grinding unit and a magnetic separation unit which are sequentially arranged; as shown in fig. 1, the microwave unit is disposed on a track 1, and the microwave unit includes a skip 2 capable of moving on the track 1, a microwave generator 3 disposed above the skip 2, and a moving mechanism 4 for driving the microwave generator 3 and the skip to move. The skip car 2 comprises a supporting bottom plate 21 and a carriage, a discharge hole 22 is formed in the supporting bottom plate 21, and a movable bottom plate 23 is covered on the discharge hole 22; the microwave units are one or two or more arranged in series. The embodiment realizes the heating reduction of the iron ore concentrate through the microwaves, the temperature rise is rapid, the energy utilization rate is high, when the number of the microwave units is two or more than two, the number of the microwave units is preferably 8-15, the microwave units can continuously move along the track 1, the requirements of continuous and large-scale production can be better met, and meanwhile, the reduction process of the iron ore concentrate is greatly simplified.
In a further embodiment provided by the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the cooling unit of the microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus comprises an inert gas storage tank, as shown in fig. 2, the inert gas storage tank comprises a tank body 5 having an opening at the upper part thereof, a removable cover plate 51 disposed on the opening, a material outlet 52 located right below the opening, a discharge gate plate disposed at the material outlet 52, a gas inlet 54, an inert gas inlet 55, a gas outlet 56 disposed at the upper part of the tank body 5, a buffer plate 57, and a first reinforcing wear plate 58 for receiving the material slid down by the buffer plate 57;
the gas inlet 54 and the inert gas inlet 55 are arranged on the side wall of the tank body 5, the gas inlet 54 and the inert gas inlet 55 are both arranged such that the pipe orifice of the gas outlet pipe faces downwards, the buffer plate 57 is obliquely arranged right below the opening, the horizontal height of one end of the first reinforced wear-resisting plate 58 is higher than that of the other end, and the higher end of the horizontal height is connected to the inner wall of the inert gas storage tank; to facilitate the discharge of the microwave unit into the inert gas tank, the size of the opening of the inert gas tank is larger than the size of the discharge opening 22 of the skip 2.
As shown in fig. 3, when in use, the movable bottom plate 23 of the skip car 2 is opened, the material is discharged from the discharge hole 22 at the lower end of the skip car 2, after entering the opening of the inert gas storage tank under the action of gravity, the gas firstly falls onto the buffer plate 57, and then continuously falls along with the inclined direction of the buffer plate 57, then falls onto the first reinforced wear plate 58, and then slides down to the material outlet 52 of the inert gas storage tank by the first reinforced wear plate 58, during the falling and cooling of the material, the discharge gate valve 53 at the inert gas tank material outlet 52 is in a closed state, meanwhile, the gas inlet 54 and the inert gas inlet 55 respectively have gas entering, and after the heat exchange with the falling materials is completed, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 56 positioned at the upper part of the inert gas storage tank, after the materials are cooled by heat exchange, the discharge gate valve 53 is opened, and the cooled materials are discharged and then fed again to cool the next batch of materials.
Preferably, the inert gas storage tank is further provided with a second reinforcing wear-resisting plate 59, the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate 59 is used for receiving materials which slide down from the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate 58, and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate 59 is arranged on the inclined inner wall of the bottom of the tank body 5 in a fitting manner, so that damage to the bottom of the tank body 5 after the materials fall down is avoided, the service life of the inert gas storage tank is effectively prolonged, and meanwhile, the heat exchange effect is improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the microwave unit further includes an outer cover 6, a measurement and control device 7, and a power supply 8 for supplying electric energy to the measurement and control device 7, the outer cover 6 is covered over the skip 2, the microwave generator 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the outer cover 6, and the outer cover 6 is further provided with a flue 61; the measurement and control device 7 is respectively connected with the microwave generator 3 and the moving mechanism 4, and the measurement and control device 7 is also connected with a thermocouple 9 arranged in the skip car 2. Make skip 2 carriage be in a relatively confined space through dustcoat 6 on the one hand, subtract the heat energy loss in the material carriage, on the other hand can regard as microwave generator 3's support frame, simultaneously, offers flue 61 on dustcoat 6 to the discharge of impurity such as the flue gas in the reaction process, measure and control the temperature of skip 2 through measuring and control device 7, and the removal of skip 2 on track 1. It should be noted that the carriage material of the skip car 2 is preferably made of a refractory material such as quartz to meet the high temperature requirement of the reduction reaction.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the thermocouple 9 is coated with a non-microwave absorbing material, preferably a metal tube, except for the 3-5cm temperature measuring end to prevent microwave interference; meanwhile, N is preferably used as the inert gas2And one or two of Ar.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, fine iron powder, a carbonaceous reducing agent and a desulfurizing agent are first mixed in a mixer, after mixing, a binder is added to press balls in a ball press, after pressing, wet balls are dried, and dried dry balls are sent to a skip 2 to be subjected to microwave reduction, during the microwave reduction, the skip 2 continuously moves forward on a track 1, the forward distance is designed such that when the skip 2 reaches a position right above an inert gas storage tank, a reaction is just completed, at this time, a movable bottom plate 23 of the skip 2 is opened, materials in the skip 2 are unloaded to the inert gas storage tank to be subjected to cooling treatment, the materials after cooling treatment are ground and selected, and finally, the final product of direct reduced iron is obtained.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ore grinding equipment for grinding and dressing can be a common ball mill, a planetary ball mill, a rod mill and the like, and the TFe mass percentage content in the iron concentrate is 52-68%, including two types of vanadium titano-magnetite concentrate and common iron concentrate. The heat preservation time is 60-120 min.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for reducing iron ore concentrate by using the above microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus, including the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing iron concentrate powder, a carbonaceous reducing agent and a desulfurizing agent;
2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1) into a binder for ball pressing;
3) drying the green pellets obtained after the green pellets are pressed in the step 2) to obtain dry pellets, adding the dry pellets into a skip 2 of a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device, and directly reducing the dry pellets by microwave heating by adopting a microwave generator 3 to obtain metallized pellets;
4) cooling the metallized pellets obtained in the step 3) in an inert gas storage tank, and then grinding and selecting to obtain magnetic concentrate.
Preferably, in the above embodiment, the mass percentage of TFe in the iron fine powder is 52-68%, the mass percentage of fixed carbon in the carbonaceous reducing agent is not less than 75%, and the mass ratio of the iron fine powder to the carbonaceous reducing agent to the desulfurizing agent in the mixing process is 100: 25-35: 8-12, wherein the addition amount of the binder is 5-10% of the total mass of the mixture of the iron fine powder, the reducing agent and the desulfurizing agent.
The granularity of the fine iron powder, the carbonaceous reducing agent and the desulfurizer is-200 meshes and is more than 85 percent by mass.
The carbonaceous reducing agent is one or more of graphite powder, coke, petroleum coke and anthracite;
the desulfurizer is one or more of limestone, dolomite or quicklime;
the binder is one or two of polyvinyl alcohol solution and starch solution.
Uniformly mixing the three initial materials in the step 1) for 15-30 min;
after the binder is added in the step 2), mixing for 20-40 min by using a mixer, wherein the pressure of pressing balls is 12-20 MPa;
in the step 3), the drying temperature is 90-130 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 h.
In the step 3), the microwave frequency of the microwave generator 3 is 300 MHz-300 kMHz, the power of the microwave tube is 15-30 kW, the temperature in the skip car 2 is controlled at 900-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation reaction time of the skip car 2 is 60-120 min.
The specific process of the step 4) is as follows: and opening a movable bottom plate 23 at the bottom of the skip car 2, discharging the metallized pellets subjected to heat preservation reduction into an inert gas storage tank through a discharge port 22 for cooling, and discharging the metallized pellets cooled to room temperature through a discharge gate plate for grinding and sorting.
The inert gas used by the inert gas storage tank is N2Ar or other inert gases.
The grinding and selecting in the step 4) comprises the steps of firstly grinding ores until the mass percentage of-150 meshes is not less than 85%, and then carrying out magnetic separation under the magnetic field intensity of 600-800 Oe to obtain magnetic concentrate and tailings.
After the microwave tunnel kiln reduction device is adopted to reduce the iron ore concentrate, TFe in the obtained magnetite concentrate is not lower than 92%. If the iron-containing raw material is common fine iron powder, tailings obtained by magnetic separation mainly contain silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and calcium oxide and can be used as raw materials for cement production.
Example 1
Mixing iron concentrate powder with TFe68 percent, anthracite with fixed carbon not less than 75 percent and quicklime according to the mass ratio of 100:25: 8. The granularity of the fine iron powder, the anthracite and the quicklime is 85 percent of minus 200 meshes.
The mixture was mixed with a blender for 15 min. Adding 5% polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing for 20min, and pressing under 12 MPa. Drying the green ball at 90 deg.C for 2 h.
And (3) loading the dry balls into a skip car for microwave carbon thermal reduction at the reduction temperature of 900 ℃ for 60 min.
After the reduction is finished, opening a movable bottom plate of the skip car, and discharging the produced metallized pellets into N below the skip car2The storage tank is cooled to room temperature, the metalized pellets fall on the buffer plate after entering the tank body through the movable cover plate, then successively slide to the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and finally slide to the discharge gate plate and are discharged from the inert gas storage tank after being cooled to obtain the cold pellets. Cold pelletsCrushing the mixture to 85 percent of minus 150 meshes by using a ball mill, and then carrying out magnetic separation under the magnetic field intensity of 600 Oe. Through analysis, the TFe 93% and S0.012% of the obtained magnetic substance meet the quality requirement of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
Example 2
Mixing iron concentrate powder with TFe 68%, anthracite with fixed carbon not less than 75% and quick lime according to the mass ratio of 100:35: 12. The granularity of the fine iron powder, the anthracite and the quicklime is-200 meshes and 100 percent.
The mixture was mixed with a blender for 30 min. Adding 10% polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing for 40min, and pressing under 20 MPa. The green pellets were dried at 130 ℃ for 4 h.
And (3) loading the dry balls into a track skip car shown in the figure 1 for microwave carbothermic reduction at the reduction temperature of 1100 ℃ for 120 min.
After the reduction is finished, opening a movable bottom plate of the skip car, and discharging the produced metallized pellets into N below the skip car2The storage tank is cooled to room temperature, the metallized pellets fall on the buffer plate after entering the tank body through the movable cover plate, then successively slide to the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and finally slide to the discharge gate plate to be cooled and then discharge N2The cold pellets are obtained from the storage tank. The cold pellets are crushed to 100 percent of minus 150 meshes by a ball mill and then are magnetically separated under the magnetic field intensity of 800 Oe. Through analysis, the TFe 94% and S0.011% of the obtained magnetic substance meet the quality requirement of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
Example 3
Mixing iron concentrate powder with TFe68 percent, anthracite with fixed carbon not less than 75 percent and quicklime according to the mass ratio of 100:30: 10. The granularity of the fine iron powder, the anthracite and the quicklime is-200 meshes and 90 percent.
The mixture was mixed with a blender for 20 min. Adding 6% polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing for 30min, and pressing under 15 MPa. Drying the green ball at 110 deg.C for 3 h.
And (3) loading the dry balls into a track skip car shown in the figure 1 for microwave carbothermic reduction at the reduction temperature of 1000 ℃ for 90 min.
After the reduction is finished, opening a movable bottom plate of the skip car, and discharging the produced metallized pellets into N below the skip car2The storage tank is cooled to room temperature, the metalized pellets fall on the buffer plate after entering the tank body through the movable cover plate, then successively slide to the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and finally slide to the discharge gate plate and are discharged from the Ar storage tank after being cooled to obtain cold pellets. The cold pellets are crushed to 90 percent of minus 150 meshes by a ball mill and then are magnetically separated under the magnetic field intensity of 700 Oe. Through analysis, TFe 92% and S0.013% of the obtained magnetic substance meet the quality requirements of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
Example 4
Mixing iron concentrate powder with TFe 52 percent, anthracite with fixed carbon not less than 75 percent and quicklime according to the mass ratio of 100:30: 10. The granularity of the fine iron powder, the anthracite and the quicklime is-200 meshes and 90 percent.
The mixture was mixed with a blender for 20 min. Adding 6% polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing for 30min, and pressing under 15 MPa. Drying the green ball at 110 deg.C for 3 h.
And (3) loading the dry balls into a track skip car shown in the figure 1 for microwave carbothermic reduction at the reduction temperature of 1000 ℃ for 90 min.
After the reduction is finished, opening a movable bottom plate of the skip car, and discharging the produced metallized pellets into N below the skip car2The storage tank is cooled to room temperature, the metallized pellets fall on the buffer plate after entering the tank body through the movable cover plate, then successively slide to the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and finally slide to the discharge gate plate to be cooled and then discharge N2The cold pellets are obtained from the storage tank. Crushing the cold pellets to-150 mesh 90% by a ball mill, and then carrying out magnetic field treatment under the magnetic field intensity of 700OeAnd (6) magnetic separation. Through analysis, TFe 92% and S0.013% of the obtained magnetic substance meet the quality requirements of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
Example 5
Mixing TFe 55% vanadium titano-magnetite fine powder, anthracite with fixed carbon not less than 75% and quicklime according to the mass ratio of 100:32: 11. The granularity of the fine iron powder, the anthracite and the quicklime is-200 meshes and 95 percent.
The mixture was mixed with a blender for 20 min. Adding 6% polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing for 30min, and pressing under 15 MPa. Drying the green ball at 110 deg.C for 3 h.
And (3) loading the dry balls into the track skip shown in the figure 1 for microwave carbothermic reduction at 1050 ℃ for 120 min.
After the reduction is finished, opening a movable bottom plate of the skip car, and discharging the produced metallized pellets into N below the skip car2The storage tank is cooled to room temperature, the metalized pellets fall on the buffer plate after entering the tank body through the movable cover plate, then successively slide to the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and finally slide to the discharge gate plate and are discharged from the Ar storage tank after being cooled to obtain cold pellets. The cold pellets are crushed to 90 percent of minus 150 meshes by a ball mill and then are magnetically separated under the magnetic field intensity of 600 Oe. Through analysis, the TFe 93% and S0.011% of the obtained magnetic substance meet the quality requirement of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
Example 6
Mixing TFe 52% vanadium titano-magnetite fine powder, anthracite with fixed carbon not less than 75% and quicklime according to the mass ratio of 100:35: 10. The granularity of the fine iron powder, the anthracite and the quicklime is-200 meshes and 100 percent.
The mixture was mixed with a blender for 20 min. Adding 6% polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing for 30min, and pressing under 15 MPa. Drying the green ball at 110 deg.C for 3 h.
And (3) loading the dry balls into a track skip car shown in the figure 1 for microwave carbothermic reduction at the reduction temperature of 1100 ℃ for 90 min.
After the reduction is finished, opening a movable bottom plate of the skip car, and discharging the produced metallized pellets into N below the skip car2The storage tank is cooled to room temperature, the metalized pellets fall on the buffer plate after entering the tank body through the movable cover plate, then successively slide to the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate and the second reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and finally slide to the discharge gate plate and are discharged from the Ar storage tank after being cooled to obtain cold pellets. The cold pellets are crushed to 90 percent of minus 150 meshes by a ball mill and then are magnetically separated under the magnetic field intensity of 800 Oe. Through analysis, the TFe 92% and S0.012% of the obtained magnetic substance meet the quality requirements of the sponge iron for steelmaking.
As can be seen from the above examples 1-6, the invention adopts the microwave tunnel kiln for reduction, and can obtain the direct reduced iron meeting the steel-making requirements.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A microwave tunnel kiln reduction device is characterized by comprising a microwave unit, a cooling unit, an ore grinding unit and a magnetic separation unit which are sequentially arranged, wherein the microwave unit is arranged on a track; wherein,
the microwave unit comprises a skip car capable of moving on the track, a microwave generator arranged above the skip car and a moving mechanism for driving the microwave generator and the skip car to move;
the skip car comprises a support bottom plate and a carriage, wherein a discharge hole is formed in the support bottom plate, and a movable bottom plate is covered on the discharge hole;
the microwave units are one or two or more in continuous arrangement.
2. The microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooling unit includes an inert gas storage tank disposed below the rail;
the inert gas storage tank comprises a tank body, a movable cover plate, a material outlet, a discharge gate plate, a gas inlet, an inert gas inlet, a gas outlet, a buffer plate and a first reinforcing wear-resisting plate, wherein the upper part of the tank body is provided with an opening;
the gas inlet and the inert gas inlet are arranged on the side wall of the tank body, the gas inlet and the inert gas inlet are both arranged in a way that the pipe orifice of the gas outlet pipe faces downwards, the buffer plate is obliquely arranged right below the opening, the horizontal height of one end of the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate is higher than that of the other end of the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate, and the higher end of the first reinforcing wear-resisting plate is connected to the inner wall of the inert gas storage tank;
the size of the opening is larger than that of the discharge hole.
3. The microwave tunnel kiln reducing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the inert gas storage tank further comprises a second reinforcing wear plate for receiving the material slipped down from the first reinforcing wear plate, the second reinforcing wear plate being snugly disposed on the inclined inner wall of the bottom of the tank.
4. The microwave tunnel kiln reduction device according to claim 2, wherein the microwave unit further comprises an outer cover, a measurement and control device and a power supply for supplying electric energy to the measurement and control device, the outer cover is covered over the skip car, the microwave generator is arranged on the lower surface of the outer cover, and a flue is further arranged on the outer cover;
the measuring and controlling device is respectively connected with the microwave generator and the moving mechanism, and is also connected with a thermocouple arranged in the skip car.
5. The microwave tunnel kiln reduction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a portion of the thermocouple other than the temperature measuring end is coated with a non-microwave absorbing material.
6. A method for reducing iron ore concentrate by using the microwave tunnel kiln reduction device of any one of claims 2 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing iron concentrate powder, a carbonaceous reducing agent and a desulfurizing agent;
2) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1) into a binder for ball pressing;
3) drying the green pellets obtained after the pellet pressing in the step 2) to obtain dry pellets, adding the dry pellets into a skip car of a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device, and directly reducing the dry pellets by microwave heating by adopting a microwave generator to obtain metallized pellets;
4) cooling the metallized pellets obtained in the step 3) in an inert gas storage tank, and then grinding and selecting to obtain magnetic concentrate.
7. The method for reducing iron ore concentrate by using a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device according to claim 6,
in the step 1), the mass percent of TFe in the fine iron powder is 52-68%, the mass percent of fixed carbon in the carbonaceous reducing agent is more than or equal to 75%,
the mass ratio of the iron concentrate powder to the carbonaceous reducing agent to the desulfurizing agent is 100: 25-35: 8-12,
the granularity of the fine iron powder, the carbonaceous reducing agent and the desulfurizer is-200 meshes and is more than or equal to 85 percent by mass;
the carbonaceous reducing agent is one or more of graphite powder, coke, petroleum coke and anthracite;
the desulfurizer is one or more of limestone, dolomite or quick lime;
the binder is one or two of polyvinyl alcohol solution and starch solution;
in the step 2), the addition amount of the binder is 5-10% of the total mass of the mixture of the fine iron powder, the reducing agent and the desulfurizing agent;
mixing the mixture with a mixer for 20-40 min after the binder is added;
the pressure of the pressing ball is 12-20 MPa;
in the step 3), the drying temperature is 90-130 ℃, and the drying time is 2-4 h;
the microwave frequency of the microwave generator is 300 MHz-300 kMHz, the power of the microwave tube is 15-30 kW, the temperature in the skip car is controlled at 900-1100 ℃, and the heat preservation reaction time of the skip car is 60-120 min.
8. The method for reducing iron ore concentrate by using the microwave tunnel kiln reduction device according to claim 6, wherein the step 4) comprises the following steps: and opening the movable bottom plate at the bottom of the skip car, discharging the metallized pellets subjected to heat preservation reduction into an inert gas storage tank through the discharge port for cooling, and discharging the metallized pellets cooled to room temperature from the discharge gate plate for grinding and sorting.
9. The method for reducing iron ore concentrate by using a microwave tunnel kiln reduction device according to claim 6, wherein the inert gas used by the inert gas storage tank is N2And one or more of Ar.
10. The method for reducing iron ore concentrate by using the microwave tunnel kiln reduction device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the grinding in the step 4) comprises the steps of firstly grinding until the mass percentage of metallized pellets with-150 meshes is more than or equal to 85%, and then carrying out magnetic separation under the magnetic field intensity of 600-800 Oe to obtain magnetic separation ore concentrate and tailings.
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| CN113736932A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon-iron composite furnace charge |
| CN115747400A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-07 | 李扬 | Method for producing high-end sponge iron powder from fine iron powder |
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