CN104195276B - In Iron Ore Powder, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, be specifically related to join in a kind of Iron Ore Powder carbon porous block direct-reduction technique. Technical problem to be solved by this invention, has been to provide and in a kind of Iron Ore Powder that can improve heat transfer efficiency, has joined carbon porous block direct-reduction technique. For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is for to mix in proportion rear briquet by iron ore concentrate, carbonaceous reducing agent, binding agent and water, on gained material piece, offer the hole that diameter is 10mm～30mm, perforate cumulative volume be material block long-pending 10%～20%, pack the reduction of direct-reduction stove into after dry. In the inventive method, joining carbon porous block can be contained on the furnace bottom of the stoves such as rotary hearth furnace, car-bottom furnace, tunnel cave and reduce, thickness of feed layer can reach 80mm～300mm, be equivalent to is highly 20mm～30mm carbon-burdened pellet lay-up 5-10 layer, can increase substantially reduction production efficiency, and method is simple, equipment needed thereby is few, is easy to promote.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metallurgy, be specifically related to join in a kind of Iron Ore Powder carbon porous block direct-reduction technique.
Background technology
Iron Ore Powder Carbon-containing Pellets is the main iron-bearing material of non-blast furnace ironmaking, its preparation is-individual pulverulent mixture material is become to thingUnder rationality energy, chemical composition and mechanicalness can meet-step direct-reduction smelts and prepares the process of metallic pellet requirement.
As the main iron-bearing material of non-blast furnace ironmaking, more to the research of Iron Ore Powder Carbon-containing Pellets in prior art, pelletizingThat the shape in ore deposit mainly contains is spherical, oblate spheroid, avette, short pillow-like and bolster capitiform etc. are multiple, and its three-dimensional dimension is essentially15mm～45mm. This pellet in Direct Reduction (as in the fixed bed stoves such as rotary hearth furnace, car-bottom furnace and drawer kilnDirect-reduction), be arranged in thickness of feed layer on siege and do not allow too thickly, generally at 2～3 layers, thickness is at 20mm～30mm,Because the bed of material is too thick, in bed of material biography, heat-transfer effect is too poor, internal temperature gradient is too large, causes direct-reduction deleterious. RealThe thermal conductivity factor of testing the Iron Ore Powder Carbon-containing Pellets of detection is 0.5～0.8W/ (mK), is less with respect to carbon-free pellet, so just causing in the time that other condition is identical, lower, the overall reduction efficiency of the degree of metalization of Direct Reduction is relativelyLow.
Therefore, in Direct Reduction, how to improve the heat transfer condition of the thick bed of material of Iron Ore Powder Carbon-containing Pellets inside and outside, improveThe direct-reduction degree of metalization of this Carbon-containing Pellets and overall reduction efficiency are the anxious skills that must solve of current those skilled in the artAn art difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention, has been to provide that in a kind of Iron Ore Powder that can improve heat transfer efficiency, to join carbon porous block directReducing process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:
In Iron Ore Powder, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, comprise mixing of materials, briquet, dry, reduction step, wherein:
Described mixing of materials step is: iron ore concentrate, carbonaceous reducing agent, binding agent and water are mixed; Wherein iron ore concentrate, carbonThe mass ratio of matter reducing agent, binding agent, water is 100 ︰ 16～32 ︰ 1.0～2.0 ︰ 14～20, and the quality of iron ore concentrate is with whereinTFe quality meter;
Described briquet step is: material briquet after mixing, on gained piece, having multiple diameters is 10mm～30mmPerforate, perforate cumulative volume be block long-pending 10%～20%, in gained piece called after, join carbon porous block;
Described reduction step is: pack in direct-reduction stove and reduce, thickness of feed layer joining carbon porous block in dried>=80mm, 1200 DEG C～1400 DEG C of reduction temperatures, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume ratio is minimum is 1 ︰ 5, and the recovery time is15min～60min obtains metal material piece; Preferably, thickness of feed layer is 200mm～300mm.
The existing conventional drying technology of dry employing described in technique scheme. Adopt above-mentioned direct-reduction technique, compactingThe porous block inside and outside heat transfer efficiency becoming has had significant lifting, therefore can significantly improve charging thickness, thereby improves degree of metalizationWith overall reduction efficiency.
The number of openings in described briquet step is because of the shape of compacting and vary in size differently, but perforate cumulative volume is joined carbon in being10%～20% of porous block volume. Perforated area is excessive, and the charge of joining carbon porous block when reduction in unit are is difficult toPromote, reduce on the contrary reduction efficiency; Perforated area is too small, is difficult to reach the object that improves heat and mass effect. Due to the interior carbon of joiningOn porous block, there is perforate, can improve heat-transfer effect, so the lumpiness size of pressing block there is no direct impact to heat-transfer effect, but be subject toTo the impact of press device and charging method.
Concrete, in gained, joining carbon porous block is cylinder, cuboid, square, circular cone stage body or truncated rectangular pyramids. For also improvingCharge in former stove, inside joins carbon porous block shape and is preferably cuboid, square or truncated rectangular pyramids.
Described iron ore concentrate is magnetite concentrate, red iron ore concentrate, brown iron ore concentrate, sefstromite concentrate, ilmenite concentrate, ilmenite, how goldenBelong at least one in iron ore concentrate, steel scale of steel rolling powder, iron dust containing, sulfate slag.
Described iron dust containing is dust or the dirt mud producing in steel manufacture process, as sintering dust, blast furnace dust, converter dirtMud etc. Described sulfate slag is the waste residue producing with in the production sulfuric acid such as pyrite or sulfurous acid process.
In the time that described iron ore concentrate is magnetite concentrate, wherein TFe >=60%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is red iron ore concentrate, whereinTFe >=55%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is brown iron ore concentrate, wherein TFe >=50.0%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is sefstromite concentrate,Wherein TFe >=51.5%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is ilmenite concentrate, wherein TFe >=30.0%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is ilmenite,Wherein TFe >=30.0%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is many metallic irons concentrate, wherein TFe >=45%; When described iron ore concentrate is steel rolling ironWhen scale, wherein TFe >=65%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is iron dust containing, wherein TFe is 15%～70%; When described iron essenceWhen ore deposit is sulfate slag, wherein TFe >=40%.
Particularly, in the iron ore concentrate in described mixed material step, 50%～85% crosses 200 mesh sieves, can improve agglomeration property, carriesHigh reduction efficiency. Iron ore concentrate more than 85% is crossed 200 mesh sieves, and granularity is too thin, joins the drop strength of carbon porous block in impact, and increasesAdd ore grinding cost; Cross and in 50% of 200 mesh sieve less than, join carbon porous block burst temperature and reduce, compression strength declines, reduction effectPoor.
Particularly, in said mixture material step, described binding agent is polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, molasses, woodOne in quality sulfoacid calcium, sodium lignin sulfonate. Described molasses are condensing crystallizings again after sugar industry fractional crystallization sugarAccessory substance is sepia thick liquid.
Particularly, in said mixture material step, described carbonaceous reducing agent is the carbon raw material of fixed carbon content >=60%. SpecificallyAt least one in optional coal dust, graphite powder, powdered carbon, wherein, it is normal that described powdered carbon can be charcoal powder, blue powdered carbon, coke blacking etc.Rule carbon dust.
Concrete, carbonaceous reducing agent >=60% in technique scheme is crossed 100 mesh sieves.
In technique scheme, in described briquet step, briquetting pressure is 10MPa～35MPa.
Concrete, described direct-reduction stove is bed furnace. Specifically can select rotary hearth furnace, tunnel cave, car-bottom furnace or drawer kiln.Described bed furnace refers to furnace bottom and the relative static reduction furnace of material piece.
Concrete, in technique scheme reduction step, the charging thickness of inside joining carbon porous block is 200mm～300mm, can be largeWidth improves the charge of Lu Nei unit's hearth area.
Through the metal material piece of above-mentioned steps gained through protect cooling after degree of metalization > 75%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, the inventive method in join carbon porous block by offer a certain proportion of hole on piece, promoted piece inside and outside conduct heat effectRate, can be contained on the furnace bottom of the stoves such as rotary hearth furnace, car-bottom furnace, tunnel cave and reduce, thickness of feed layer can reach 80mm～300mm, being equivalent to is highly 20mm～30mm carbon-burdened pellet lay-up 5-10 layer, can increase substantially reduction efficiency.
2, the inventive method is simple, and equipment needed thereby is few, is easy to promote.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further detailed.
In Iron Ore Powder, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, comprise mixing of materials, briquet, dry, reduction step, wherein:
Described mixing of materials step is: iron ore concentrate, carbonaceous reducing agent, binding agent and water are mixed; Wherein iron ore concentrate, carbonThe mass ratio of matter reducing agent, binding agent, water is 100 ︰ 16～32 ︰ 1.0～2.0 ︰ 14～20, and the quality of iron ore concentrate is with whereinTFe quality meter;
Described briquet step is: material briquet after mixing, on gained piece, having multiple diameters is 10mm～30mmPerforate, perforate cumulative volume be block long-pending 10%～20%, in gained piece called after, join carbon porous block;
Described reduction step is: pack in direct-reduction stove and reduce, thickness of feed layer joining carbon porous block in dried>=80mm, 1200 DEG C～1400 DEG C of reduction temperatures, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume ratio is minimum is 1 ︰ 5, and the recovery time is15min～60min obtains metal material piece; Preferably, thickness of feed layer is 200mm～300mm.
Concrete, in gained, joining carbon porous block is cylinder, cuboid, square, circular cone stage body or truncated rectangular pyramids. For also improvingCharge in former stove, inside joins carbon porous block shape and is preferably cuboid, square or truncated rectangular pyramids.
Described iron ore concentrate is magnetite concentrate, red iron ore concentrate, brown iron ore concentrate, sefstromite concentrate, ilmenite concentrate, ilmenite, how goldenBelong at least one in iron ore concentrate, steel scale of steel rolling powder, iron dust containing, sulfate slag.
Described iron dust containing is dust or the dirt mud producing in steel manufacture process, as sintering dust, blast furnace dust, converter dirtMud etc. Described sulfate slag is the waste residue producing with in the production sulfuric acid such as pyrite or sulfurous acid process.
In the time that described iron ore concentrate is magnetite concentrate, wherein TFe >=60%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is red iron ore concentrate, whereinTFe >=55%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is brown iron ore concentrate, wherein TFe >=50.0%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is sefstromite concentrate,Wherein TFe >=51.5%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is ilmenite concentrate, wherein TFe >=30.0%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is ilmenite,Wherein TFe >=30.0%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is many metallic irons concentrate, wherein TFe >=45%; When described iron ore concentrate is steel rolling ironWhen scale, wherein TFe >=65%; In the time that described iron ore concentrate is iron dust containing, wherein TFe is 15%～70%; When described iron essenceWhen ore deposit is sulfate slag, wherein TFe >=40%.
Particularly, in the iron ore concentrate in described mixed material step, 50%～85% crosses 200 mesh sieves, can improve agglomeration property, carriesHigh reduction efficiency. Iron ore concentrate more than 85% is crossed 200 mesh sieves, and granularity is too thin, joins the drop strength of carbon porous block in impact, and increasesAdd ore grinding cost; Cross and in 50% of 200 mesh sieve less than, join carbon porous block burst temperature and reduce, compression strength declines, reduction effectPoor.
Particularly, in said mixture material step, described binding agent is polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, molasses, woodOne in quality sulfoacid calcium, sodium lignin sulfonate. Described molasses are condensing crystallizings again after sugar industry fractional crystallization sugarAccessory substance is sepia thick liquid.
Particularly, in said mixture material step, described carbonaceous reducing agent is the carbon raw material of fixed carbon content >=60%, concreteCan coal dust, at least one in graphite powder, powdered carbon. Wherein, described powdered carbon can be the routines such as charcoal powder, blue powdered carbon, coke blackingCarbon dust.
Concrete, carbonaceous reducing agent >=60% in technique scheme is crossed 100 mesh sieves.
In technique scheme, in described briquet step, briquetting pressure is 10MPa～35MPa.
Concrete, described direct-reduction stove is bed furnace. Specifically can select rotary hearth furnace, tunnel cave, car-bottom furnace or drawer kiln.Described bed furnace refers to furnace bottom and the relative static reduction furnace of material piece.
When the interior carbon porous block of joining is while being shaped as cuboid, square or truncated rectangular pyramids, the direct-reduction furnace charge bed of material in reduction stepThickness can reach 200mm～300mm.
Through the metal material piece of above-mentioned reduction step gained through protect cooling after its degree of metalization > 75%.
Unless otherwise indicated, the percentage in the present invention is mass percent.
Described in the present invention, TFe refers to all iron content.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described. But therefore protection scope of the present invention is not limited in to embodiment modelAmong enclosing. Especially, the brick machine adopting in following embodiment is the equipment that applicant's actual production adopts, and does not rise to limit and doesWith, can realize compressing equipment and mode of operation all can be for the inventive method.
Embodiment 1
Sefstromite concentrate, coal dust, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and water are mixed, wherein sefstromite concentrate, coal dust, carboxymethylThe mass ratio of sodium cellulosate and water is 100 ︰ 28 ︰ 2 ︰ 16, and wherein sefstromite concentrate is in TFe quality wherein. Vanadium ferrotianium essenceIn ore deposit, TFe content is 52%, and 74% mistake 200 mesh sieves, and coal dust 60% is crossed 100 mesh sieves. Compound is suppressed in brick machineBecome to be of a size of in the cuboid of 200mm × 50mm × 150mm and join carbon porous block, inside joining number of aperture in carbon porous block is 8, perforateDiameter is 30mm, natural drying 48 hours. Pack in rotary hearth furnace joining carbon porous block in dried, thickness of feed layer is 150mm,Be 1300 DEG C at reduction temperature, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume ratio is in the rotary hearth furnace of 1 ︰ 5, to reduce 60min to obtain metalMaterial piece, adopts nitrogen cooling protection while coming out of the stove. After testing, after reduction, gained porous nugget degree of metalization is 81%.
Embodiment 2
Brown iron ore concentrate, coal dust, polyethylene alcohol and water are mixed, wherein the quality of limonite, coal dust, polyethylene alcohol and waterThan being 100 ︰ 26 ︰ 1.0 ︰ 15, wherein brown iron ore concentrate is in TFe quality wherein. In brown iron ore concentrate, TFe content is 51.5%,And 62% crosses 200 mesh sieves, coal dust 70% is crossed 100 mesh sieves. Compound is pressed in brick machine to truncated rectangular pyramids hole piece, it is gone to the bottomFor 280mm × 80mm, upper base is 220mm × 80mm, and height is 280mm, and inside joining number of aperture in carbon porous block is 26, perforateDiameter is 20mm, natural drying 24 hours. Pack in car-bottom furnace joining carbon porous block in dried, thickness of feed layer is 280mm,Be 1350 DEG C at reduction temperature, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume ratio is in the car-bottom furnace of 3 ︰ 5, to reduce 40min to obtain metalMaterial piece, adopts nitrogen cooling protection while coming out of the stove. After testing, the degree of metalization of reduction gained metal material piece is 85%.
Embodiment 3
Magnetite concentrate, coal dust, molasses and water are mixed, and wherein the mass ratio of magnetic iron ore, coal dust, molasses and water is 100︰ 30 ︰ 2.0 ︰ 16, wherein the quality of magnetite concentrate is in TFe quality wherein. In magnetite concentrate, TFe content is 62%, and80% crosses 200 mesh sieves, and coal dust 65% is crossed 100 mesh sieves. Compound is pressed in brick machine to truncated rectangular pyramids hole piece, its go to the bottom into250mm × 70mm, upper base is 200mm × 70mm, and height is 250mm, and inside joining number of aperture in carbon porous block is 24, and perforate is straightFootpath is 18mm, natural drying 24 hours. Pack in rotary hearth furnace joining carbon porous block in dried, thickness of feed layer is 250mm,Be 1250 DEG C at reduction temperature, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume ratio is in the rotary hearth furnace of 1 ︰ 1, to reduce 50min to obtain metalMaterial piece, adopts nitrogen cooling protection while coming out of the stove. After testing, the degree of metalization of reduction gained metal material piece is 91%.
Comparative example
Sefstromite concentrate, coal dust, polyethylene alcohol and water are mixed, wherein sefstromite concentrate, coal dust, polyethylene alcohol and waterMass ratio be 100 ︰ 28 ︰ 2 ︰ 16, wherein the quality of sefstromite concentrate is in TFe quality wherein. In sefstromite concentrateTFe content is 52%, and 62% mistake 200 mesh sieves, and coal dust 70% is crossed 100 mesh sieves. Compound is suppressed in pair roller ball pressBalling-up, pelletizing diameter is 30mm, natural drying 24 hours. In dried Iron Ore Powder, join carbon porous block and pack in car-bottom furnace,Thickness of feed layer is 80mm, is 1350 DEG C at reduction temperature, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume be in the car-bottom furnace of 2 ︰ 5 alsoFormer 40min obtains metal material piece, adopts nitrogen cooling protection while coming out of the stove. After testing, the metallization of reduction gained metal material pieceRate is 63%.
Can be found by above-described embodiment and comparative example, in identical floor space, remove iron ore in the embodiment 1 after voidageInside join carbon porous block volume charge and be approximately pelletizing volume in comparative example 2 times, the unit are charge of embodiment 2 is far away especiallyCharge in super comparative example, and the degree of metalization > 75% of the metal material piece of the inventive method gained, than existing methodsDegree of metalization promotes obviously. The inventive method has improved production efficiency and the reducing metal rate of reduction furnace effectively.
Claims (14)
1. in Iron Ore Powder, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, comprise mixing of materials, briquet, dry, reduction step, itsBe characterised in that:
Described mixing of materials step is: iron ore concentrate, carbonaceous reducing agent, binding agent and water are mixed; Wherein iron ore concentrate, carbonThe mass ratio of matter reducing agent, binding agent, water is 100 ︰ 16～32 ︰ 1.0～2.0 ︰ 14～20, and the quality of iron ore concentrate is with whereinTFe quality meter;
Described briquet step is: material briquet after mixing, on gained piece, having multiple diameters is 10mm～30mm'sPerforate, perforate cumulative volume be block long-pending 10%～20%, in gained piece called after, join carbon porous block;
Described reduction step is: pack in direct-reduction stove and reduce, thickness of feed layer joining carbon porous block in dried>=80mm, 1200 DEG C～1400 DEG C of reduction temperatures, CO and CO in reducing atmosphere2Volume ratio is minimum is 1 ︰ 5, and the recovery time is15min～60min obtains metal material piece.
2. in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described in be pressed intoIn in piece step, joining carbon porous block is cylinder, cuboid, square, circular cone stage body or truncated rectangular pyramids.
3. in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that:
In described mixing of materials step iron ore concentrate be magnetite concentrate, red iron ore concentrate, brown iron ore concentrate, sefstromite concentrate, ilmenite concentrate,At least one in ilmenite, many metallic irons concentrate, steel scale of steel rolling powder, iron dust containing, sulfate slag.
4. in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described material is mixedThe binding agent closing in step is polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, molasses, calcium lignosulfonate or sodium lignin sulfonate.
5. in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described material is mixedThe iron ore concentrate 50%～85% closing in step is crossed 200 mesh sieves.
6. the preparation method who joins carbon porous block in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described mixed materialThe carbonaceous reducing agent of middle step is the carbon raw material of fixed carbon content >=60%.
7. the preparation method who joins carbon porous block in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described carbonaceous reductionAgent is at least one in coal dust, graphite powder, powdered carbon.
8. in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described material is mixedCarbonaceous reducing agent >=60% closing in step is crossed 100 mesh sieves.
9. in Iron Ore Powder according to claim 1, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described recovery stepIn rapid, thickness of feed layer is 200mm～300mm.
10. according to joining carbon porous block direct-reduction technique in the Iron Ore Powder described in claim 1～9 any one, it is characterized in that:In described briquet step, briquetting pressure is 10MPa～35MPa.
11. according to joining carbon porous block direct-reduction technique in the Iron Ore Powder described in claim 1～9 any one, it is characterized in that:In described reduction step, direct-reduction stove is bed furnace.
In 12. Iron Ore Powder according to claim 11, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described reductionIn step, direct-reduction stove is rotary hearth furnace, tunnel cave, car-bottom furnace or drawer kiln.
In 13. Iron Ore Powder according to claim 10, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described reductionIn step, direct-reduction stove is bed furnace.
In 14. Iron Ore Powder according to claim 13, join carbon porous block direct-reduction technique, it is characterized in that: described reductionIn step, direct-reduction stove is rotary hearth furnace, tunnel cave, car-bottom furnace or drawer kiln.
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| CN105907955A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-08-31 | 武汉钢铁股份有限公司 | Inorganic binder for oxidized pellets and manufacturing method |
| CN106906357A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-30 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The method for preparing bloodstone acid pellet |
| CN108517401A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-11 | 广东北晟益通实业有限公司 | The carbon containing non-sintered forming brick of iron oxide, preparation method and application |
| CN111411221A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-07-14 | 潘良明 | Carbon-containing pellet with optimized structure for rotary hearth furnace |
| CN111411218B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-07-30 | 华北理工大学 | Pore-forming composite additive for dephosphorization of high-phosphorus iron ore pellets, addition method and preparation method thereof |
| CN113088706B (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-07-12 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for recovering valuable elements in fly ash of urban solid waste incinerator |
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