CN107032931A - One kind changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner and its application - Google Patents

One kind changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107032931A
CN107032931A CN201710398720.1A CN201710398720A CN107032931A CN 107032931 A CN107032931 A CN 107032931A CN 201710398720 A CN201710398720 A CN 201710398720A CN 107032931 A CN107032931 A CN 107032931A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
soil
soil conditioner
composite
composite soil
present
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CN201710398720.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐明岗
文石林
周海燕
周世伟
孙楠
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
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Priority to CN201710398720.1A priority Critical patent/CN107032931A/en
Publication of CN107032931A publication Critical patent/CN107032931A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Change sour auxotype composite soil conditioner and its application the invention discloses one kind.The mass percent composition of the composite soil conditioner is as follows:Urea 20%;Calcium phosphate 21%;Potassium sulfate 20%;Magnesia 9%;Sepiolite 20%;Perlite 10%;The sepiolite is in granular form, and its particle diameter is 1.0~2.0mm;The perlite is in granular form, and its particle diameter is 1.0~2.0mm.The composite soil conditioner can significantly improve soil nutrient content, enable in particular to significantly improve the content of the readily available nutrients of soil such as soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium;Composite soil conditioner of the present invention being capable of improved soil acidity;Composite soil conditioner of the present invention can increase crop yield;Therefore composite soil conditioner of the present invention can be widely applicable for red soil farmland crop system, and popularizing application prospect is wide.

Description

One kind changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner and its application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil conditioner and its application, and in particular to one kind changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner And its application.
Background technology
Red Soils in Southern China land area accounts for the 22.7% of the national soil gross area up to 2,180,000 square kilometres, is China's weight The Foodgrain and oilseed production base wanted.In terms of soil genesis angle, red soil is highly developed under the effect of Perenniporia martius weather A kind of soil, sour, thin, glutinous, plate is the basic primary characteristic of red soil.However, due to management factors such as long-term unreasonable fertilisings, closely Red soil acidifying is serious over 30 years so that originally fragile red soil acidity is further exacerbated by, and the nutrient dificiency such as barren and calcium, magnesium enters one Step is highlighted, and seriously threatens the grain-production safety and the sustainable development of agricultural of China.
Soil conditioner is to add in soil to be used to improve the material of soil physics and chemical property and its bioactivity.Apply It is the easy and effective measure of a red soil of effectively repairing and foster and apply fertilizer with soil conditioner, but the soil conditioning of current agricultural materials market Agent is based on the alkaline matters such as lime, dolomite dust, and these alkaline matters poor mobility in the soil body, chronic administration can cause soil Earth is hardened, causes the leaching loss of the nutrients such as potassium in soil, magnesium, so as to accelerate the nutrient of soil uneven.
The content of the invention
Change sour auxotype composite soil conditioner it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, the composite soil conditioner has Red soil Poor structure, chesson are improved, improves nutrient supply, reduce the multi-functional of soil acidity.
What the present invention was provided changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner, and its mass percent composition is as follows:
Urea 20%;
Calcium phosphate 21%;
Potassium sulfate 20%;
Magnesia 9%;
Sepiolite 20%;
Perlite 10%.
The weight/mass percentage composition of N element is 46% in the urea;
The weight/mass percentage composition of P element is with P in the calcium phosphate2O5It is calculated as 24%;
The weight/mass percentage composition of K element is with K in the potassium sulfate2O is calculated as 50%.
In composite soil conditioner of the present invention, the sepiolite is a kind of rich magnesium silicate clay mineral, wherein SiO2Contain 54~60%, MgO 21~25% is measured, specific surface area is larger, mainly originates in the ground such as Hunan, Jiangxi.The present invention use particle diameter for 1.0~2.0mm graininess sepiolite.
In composite soil conditioner of the present invention, the pearl series of rocks high-temperature roasting is formed, in cell foams shape grain structure, With countless irregular closed apertures, two or three of apertures, which are connected, forms larger space;This structure has gas permeability, absorption, protected The good characteristics such as moisture in the soil fertilizer conservation.In addition, the perlite is in itself also containing nutrients such as potassium, phosphorus, silicon, calcium.The present invention uses grain Footpath is 1.0~2.0mm graininess perlite.
The present invention uses the graininess that particle diameter is 1.0~2.0mm for 1.0~2.0mm graininess sepiolite and particle diameter precious Zhu Yan, is easier that the composite soil conditioner is made with the mixing of other particulate components;And field, when applying, running into has The weather of wind, can effectively avoid flying away loss.
Composite soil conditioner of the present invention can be prepared as follows:, will according to the mass percent The urea, the calcium phosphate, the potassium sulfate, the magnesia, the sepiolite and the perlite are mixed evenly Produce.
The method for improving red soil using composite soil conditioner of the present invention comprises the following steps:The composite soil is nursed one's health Agent is applied in red soil as base manure;
The amount of application of the composite soil conditioner can be 120kg/ mus.
Need to plough the crop of soil before sowing for day lily, peanut and herbage etc., time of application is ploughed for spring soil One-time use before ground, method of application earth's surface is ploughed after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields.
For the zero tillage system such as tea place, citrus orchard, time of application is spring, usually mid or late March, citrus orchard Method of application is dripped in tree crown to spread manuer in holes and locates to dig cave, radial 4, digging cave, cave deep 20~30cm, the wide 8~10cm in cave, cave length 20 ~40cm, symmetrical rotation carries out rotation every year.The method of application of soil conditioner is ditch spread in tea place, is vertically thrown in tree crown Deep 10~12 centimetres, wide 8~10 centimetres flat ditch is opened on the outside of the edge of shadow, soil conditioner is imposed in ditch, blinding leveling.Often Secondary application position should should not be coincided with one for each time in tea row both sides alternately.
Composite soil conditioner of the present invention can be applied to improve in red soil, specifically can behave as following aspects:
1) nutrient content of red soil is improved;
The field test (plantation day lily) of the specific embodiment of the invention shows that composite soil conditioner of the present invention can Soil nutrient content is improved comprehensively, and the content of the readily available nutrient of soil such as soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium is compared to N P and K Fertile increase rate respectively reaches 37.3%, 14.4% and 4.0%.
2) pH value of red soil is improved;
The field test (plantation day lily) of the specific embodiment of the invention shows that composite soil conditioner of the present invention can Improved soil is acid, improves soil pH, and 0.81 unit is up to compared to azophoska increase rate, and Soil building effect shows Write.
3) yield of red soil long-term cropping is improved;
The field test of the specific embodiment of the invention shows, compared with applying azophoska, and composite soil of the present invention is adjusted Reason agent can significantly improve the yield of crops, and the output increased amplitude of such as day lily, peanut and herbage crops is 21.1%~29.8%;
The field test of the specific embodiment of the invention shows, compared with applying azophoska, and composite soil of the present invention is adjusted Reason agent can significantly improve the yield of field crop, and such as output increased amplitude of tealeaves, citrus field crop is 20.3%~ 22.9%.
Compared with prior art, composite soil conditioner of the present invention has advantages below:
The present invention, which changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner, can significantly improve soil nutrient content, enable in particular to significantly carry The field examination of the content of the readily available nutrients of soil such as high soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, such as specific embodiment of the invention Test middle soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, the content ratio of available potassium and 37.3%, 14.4% and has been respectively increased using azophoska 4.0%.The present invention changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner being capable of improved soil acidity, the field of such as specific embodiment of the invention Between test in the pH value ratio of soil improve 0.81 unit using azophoska.The present invention changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioning Agent can increase crop yield, and the field test of such as specific embodiment of the invention shows, the present invention changes sour auxotype composite earth Earth conditioner can significantly improve the yield of the field such as tealeaves, citrus crop, and increase rate is up to 20.3%~22.9%;The present invention The yield of the crops such as day lily, peanut and herbage, increase rate can be significantly improved by changing sour auxotype composite soil conditioner For 21.1%~29.8%;Therefore composite soil conditioner of the present invention can be widely applicable for red soil farmland crop system, promote Have a extensive future.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material, reagent used etc., unless otherwise specified, are commercially obtained in following embodiments.
Embodiment 1, the composite soil conditioner for preparing the present invention
Each component is weighed by following mass percents:
Urea (N 46%) 20%, calcium phosphate (P2O524%) 21%, potassium sulfate (K2O 50%) 20%, magnesia (MgO) 9%, graininess sepiolite (particle diameter is 1.0~2.0mm) 20%, graininess perlite (particle diameter is 1.0~2.0mm) 10%.
Above-mentioned each component is well mixed and obtains composite soil conditioner of the present invention.
The performance test of embodiment 2, composite soil conditioner of the present invention
The present embodiment provides the contrast test data for evaluating composite soil conditioner of the present invention and azophoska:
Soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 1 is used for following contrast tests, and the present embodiment is tested in Hunan Province Qiyang County The farmland of large plantation family carry out, the soil parent material of the red soil on the ground is Quaternary Red Soil.Space management (CK) is place of not applying fertilizer Reason, test group applies fertilizer to the subsoil as the soil conditioner of the preparation of the embodiment of the present invention 1, and control group (NPK) applies fertilizer to the subsoil as N P and K (N, P and K content are respectively N 15%, P to fertilizer2O515% and K2O 15%).
Experimental field:Hunan Province Qiyang County;
, day lily, peanut, herbage, tealeaves and citrus, field test in 2015;
Blank group:Not fertilizer treatment;
Control group:Base fertilizer applies 50kg/ mus of azophoska;
Test group:Base fertilizer applies 120kg/ mus of composite soil conditioner.
Need to plough the crop of soil before sowing for day lily, peanut and herbage etc., time of application is ploughed for spring soil One-time use before ground, method of application earth's surface is ploughed after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields.
For the zero tillage system such as tea place, citrus orchard, time of application is spring, usually mid or late March, citrus orchard Method of application is dripped in tree crown to spread manuer in holes and locates to dig cave, radial 4, digging cave, cave deep 20~30cm, the wide 8~10cm in cave, cave length 20 ~40cm, symmetrical rotation carries out rotation every year.The method of application of soil conditioner is ditch spread in tea place, is vertically thrown in tree crown Deep 10~12 centimetres, wide 8~10 centimetres flat ditch is opened on the outside of the edge of shadow, soil conditioner is imposed in ditch, blinding leveling.Often Secondary application position should should not be coincided with one for each time in tea row both sides alternately
The area each handled is 200m2More than, it is repeated 3 times, December carries out the collection of pedotheque, in trial zone The soil of multipoint acquisition top layer (0~20cm) is carried out according to serpentine line, collection, preparation, detection and the preservation of pedotheque are pressed According to《Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry》The third edition (Bao Shidan is edited, 2005) is carried out.
First, influence of the composite soil conditioner of the present invention to red soil chemical property
After 1 year, the chemical property of the red soil of each treatment group is as shown in table 1.
The present invention, which changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner, it can be seen from the data in table 1 can improve soil comprehensively Nutrient content, compared to azophoska is applied, the content of the readily available nutrient of soil such as soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium is carried High-amplitude respectively reaches 37.3%, 14.4% and 4.0%.After composite soil conditioner of the present invention, additionally it is possible to improved soil Acidity, improves soil pH, and increase rate is up to 0.81 unit, and Soil building effect is notable.
Influence of the different disposal of table 1 to red soil chemical property
2nd, influence of the composite soil conditioner of the present invention to crop yield
Influence of the different disposal of table 2 to crop yield
Note:The rate of growth of crop is compared with using NPK fertilizer.
It can be seen from the data in table 2 change sour auxotype composite soil conditioner using the present invention, day lily is averaged Per mu yield is 266 ± 20 kilograms, and the average yield per mu of peanut is 132 ± 14 kilograms, and the average yield per mu of herbage is 576 ± 34 kilograms, point Not than applying about 21 kilograms, 23 kilograms and 126 kilograms of nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer processing volume increase, rate of growth is respectively 29.8%, 21.1% and 28.0%.Prove that the present invention changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner and can significantly improve the farmings such as day lily, peanut and herbage The yield of thing, increase rate is 21.1%~29.8%.
3rd, influence of the composite soil conditioner of the present invention to crop yield
Influence of the different disposal of table 3 to field crop yield
Note:The rate of growth of crop is compared with using NPK fertilizer.
Change sour auxotype composite soil conditioner, the average mu of tealeaves using the present invention it can be seen from the data in table 3 Produce as 71 ± 6 kilograms, the average yield per mu of citrus is 617 ± 45 kilograms, respectively than apply about 12 kilograms of nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer processing volume increase and 115 kilograms, rate of growth is respectively 20.3% and 22.9%.The proof present invention changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner can be obvious Improve tealeaves, the yield of the field crop such as citrus, increase rate is up to 20.3%~22.9%.

Claims (7)

1. one kind changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner, its mass percent composition is as follows:
Urea 20%;
Calcium phosphate 21%;
Potassium sulfate 20%;
Magnesia 9%;
Sepiolite 20%;
Perlite 10%.
2. composite soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The sepiolite is in granular form, its particle diameter For 1.0~2.0mm.
3. composite soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The perlite is in granular form, its grain Footpath is 1.0~2.0mm.
Improve the method for red soil 4. a kind of, including regard composite soil conditioner any one of claim 1-3 as base manure It is applied to the step in red soil.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The amount of application of the composite soil conditioner is 120kg/ Mu.
6. application of the composite soil conditioner any one of claim 1-3 in red soil is improved.
7. composite soil conditioner any one of claim 1-3 is following 1) -3) in it is any in application:
1) nutrient content of red soil is improved;
2) pH value of red soil is improved;
3) yield of red soil long-term cropping is improved.
CN201710398720.1A 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 One kind changes sour auxotype composite soil conditioner and its application Pending CN107032931A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN104557242A (en) * 2013-10-27 2015-04-29 史博博 Long-acting compound fertilizer
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CN104761322A (en) * 2015-04-22 2015-07-08 于书强 Alkaline fertilizer
CN105272720A (en) * 2015-09-23 2016-01-27 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 Compound fertilizer capable of restoring soil and reducing crop cadmium absorption and application
CN106146211A (en) * 2016-07-01 2016-11-23 夏国华 A kind of soil conditioner containing rare earth and meerschaum and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20170811