CN107030344B - Method for laser brazing of single-layer cubic boron nitride tool - Google Patents
Method for laser brazing of single-layer cubic boron nitride tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN107030344B CN107030344B CN201710398647.8A CN201710398647A CN107030344B CN 107030344 B CN107030344 B CN 107030344B CN 201710398647 A CN201710398647 A CN 201710398647A CN 107030344 B CN107030344 B CN 107030344B
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- Prior art keywords
- boron nitride
- cubic boron
- laser
- abrasive grain
- spray gun
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- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 158
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
- B23K1/0056—Soldering by means of radiant energy soldering by means of beams, e.g. lasers, E.B.
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for laser brazing a single layer Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) tool, comprising the steps of: providing a substrate of a CBN tool; coating brazing filler metal on the surface of the CBN tool substrate to obtain a CBN tool blank; providing a spraying system, wherein the spraying system comprises a hopper and a spray gun connected with the hopper; providing CBN grinding particles, and placing the CBN grinding particles in a hopper; providing a laser brazing system, wherein the laser brazing system comprises a laser generator and a laser brazing working head; aligning a laser brazing working head and a spray gun to the surface of the tool blank; starting the laser brazing system and the injection system, and synchronously moving the laser brazing working head and the spray gun, so that a focused laser beam generated by the laser brazing working head directly irradiates the surface of the preset brazing filler metal in front to melt the brazing filler metal, and injecting CBN abrasive particles into a brazing molten pool by the spray gun behind a laser spot. The laser brazing method adopts the paraxial CBN abrasive particles to perform laser brazing, and avoids the burning loss and oxidation of the CBN abrasive particles during brazing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing methods of cubic boron nitride tool more particularly to a kind of laser to be brazed simple cuboidal nitrogen
Change the method for boron tool.
Background technique
Though being lower than cubic boron nitride in the hardness of square boron nitride abrasive materials, and thermal stability is better than cubic boron nitride, has very well
Wear-resisting, corrosion resistance.Importantly, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain has biggish chemical inertness to iron family element, it is particularly suitable for
The grinding of the difficult-to-machine materials such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy.
Single layer soldering cubic boron nitride grinding wheel is unanimously had an optimistic view of to be the certain best regeneration product of single layer electroplating abrasion wheel,
It is more spoken highly of by authoritative expert in the industry to be that a most revolution of grinding tool industry especially super hard abrasive tool-making is anticipated
The innovation achievement of justice.Compared with traditional single layer plating tool, doctor is in abrasive grain proud exposure, grinding force, life tools
Etc. have apparent advantage.
Currently, the manufacturing method of single layer soldering cubic boron nitride tool mainly have vacuum drying oven soldering, high-frequency induction brazing and
Laser soldering.Vacuum furnace brazing is for larger-size cubic boron nitride tool, its deflection is difficult when matrix integrally heats
Control, and the production cycle is long, time cost and energy consumption cost are higher, and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is in higher temperature environment for a long time
In, the increased risk of thermal damage.High-frequency induction brazing, equipment cost is low, and heating, cooling velocity are fast, can make soldering week
Phase shortens dramatically, but its heating rate, heated perimeter are influenced by coil shape, especially for large-scale, Special-Shaped Surface abrasive material tools,
Design, the production of its induction coil are also more complex.
As recent high brightness, large spot laser are succeeded in developing, so that laser soldering tech is widely used,
Laser braze-welding cubic boron nitride tool becomes research hotspot.Laser soldering is a kind of welding side quickly heated and be quickly cooled down
Method can effectively control heat distortion amount of the matrix in brazing process, be conducive to single layer soldering cubic boron nitride tool application in
Efficient precise grinding processing, greatly shortens the fabrication cycle of cubic boron nitride tool, and laser soldering makes up vacuum furnace brazing
The problem of with high-frequency induction brazing technique.
However when laser braze-welding cubic boron nitride tool, usually preset cubic boron nitride is in solder, laser scanning pricker
Material and cubic boron nitride mixed layer, this will lead to cubic boron nitride thermal damage even burn, seriously affect brazing layer with cube
Bond strength between boron nitride.Also, preset cubic boron nitride is in solder, laser scanning solder and cubic boron nitride mixing
Layer, it is difficult to realize the ordered arrangement of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method of laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool, can nitrogenize in laser braze-welding cubic
Cubic boron nitride thermal damage is avoided during boron tool, improves solder and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain interface bond strength.
The technical scheme is that a kind of method of laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool, includes the following steps.
Step 1, the matrix of cubic boron nitride tool is provided.
Step 2, in the surface coating solder of the cubic boron nitride tool matrix, cubic boron nitride tool blank is made.
Step 3, spraying system is provided, spraying system includes hopper and the spray gun that is connected with hopper.
Step 4, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is provided, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is placed in hopper.
Step 5, laser soldering system is provided, laser soldering system includes that laser generator interconnected and laser are brazed
Work head.
Step 6, by laser soldering work head and spray gun alignment tools blank surface.
Step 7, starting laser soldering system and spraying system, and laser beam and spray gun synchronizing moving, are brazed laser
The focusing laser beam that work head generates melts solder to preset solder surface in preceding direct irradiation, behind laser facula
It using lance ejection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain into soldering molten bath, is then quickly cooled down, forms solder joint.
Preferably, in step 1, further include after being derusted, polished to the surface of matrix, being polished, then clear with organic solvent
It washes.
Preferably, in step 4, before cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is placed in hopper, using organic solvent to a cube nitridation
Boron abrasive grain clean and is dried after being rinsed with deionized water.
Preferably, in step 6, laser is brazed work head tilt arrangement, is 10 ° ~ 30 ° with vertical direction angle α, spray
Rifle and tool blank surface angle β are 30 ° ~ 75 °.
Preferably, in step 6, spray gun is connected with laser soldering work head, so that need to only control one of them can make two
Person's synchronizing moving.
Preferably, the spraying system provided in step 3 is equipped with the feed appliance being sequentially connected, negative pressure between hopper and spray gun
Room, delivery pipe, wherein negative pressure chamber is further connected with vacuum generator, and vacuum generator is additionally provided with conveying gas access, and spray gun is additionally provided with
Atomization gas entrance, after step 7 starts the feed appliance of spraying system, hopper cubic boron nitride abrasive grain inputs feed appliance, conveying
Gas enters vacuum generator by conveying gas access, makes to generate cube nitrogen that negative pressure will suck feed appliance and be inputted in negative pressure chamber
Change boron, while cubic boron nitride is delivered to spray gun by delivery pipe, atomized spray gas passes through atomization gas under the action of air-flow
Body entrance enters spray gun, generates positive pressure in spray gun and sprays cubic boron nitride.
Preferably, in step 7, laser is brazed system and scans solder using rectangular light spot, and spraying system configures multiple injections
The spray gun of cubic boron nitride, by controlling the timing of each lance ejection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, so that cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is arranged
Specific position of the cloth to cubic boron nitride tool surface.
Preferably, the control of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain injection time-sequence is realized by numerical control device.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods of laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool, include the following steps.
Step 1, the matrix that cubic boron nitride tool is prepared using the method for machining removes the surface of matrix
Rust is polished, after polishing, then is cleaned with organic solvent.
Step 2, in the surface coating solder of the cubic boron nitride tool matrix, cubic boron nitride tool blank is made.
Step 3, spraying system is provided, spraying system includes the hopper being sequentially connected, feed appliance, negative pressure chamber, delivery pipe, spray
Rifle, wherein negative pressure chamber is further connected with vacuum generator, and vacuum generator is additionally provided with conveying gas access and control delivers gases into
The conveying gas valve of gas access is conveyed, spray gun is additionally provided with atomization gas entrance and control atomization gas enters atomization gas and enters
The atomization gas valve of mouth.
Step 4, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is provided, cleaned using organic solvent cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and spend from
It is dried after sub- water rinsing, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is placed in hopper.
Step 5, laser soldering system is provided, laser soldering system includes that laser generator interconnected and laser are brazed
Work head.
Step 6, by laser soldering work head and spray gun alignment tools blank surface, laser is brazed work head tilt arrangement,
It is 10 ° ~ 30 ° with vertical direction angle α, spray gun is connected with laser soldering work head, with tool blank surface angle β
It is 30 ° ~ 75 °.
Step 7, starting laser is brazed system, and laser beam inclination irradiation cubic boron nitride tool blank surface starts feeding
Device opens conveying gas valve, opens atomization gas valve, and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is brazed molten bath through lance ejection to laser,
Laser beam and spray gun synchronizing moving, the focusing laser beam for generating laser soldering work head is in preceding direct irradiation to preset solder
Pricker is completed into soldering molten bath using lance ejection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain behind laser facula to melt solder in surface
Weldering process.
Preferably, in step 7, laser is brazed system and scans solder using rectangular light spot, and spraying system configures multiple injections
The spray gun of cubic boron nitride controls the timing of each lance ejection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain by numerical control device, so that cube nitridation
Specific position of the boron abrasive grain placement to cubic boron nitride tool surface.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are.
(1) in technical solution of the present invention, carrying out laser soldering using paraxonic injection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, (laser beam exists
Preceding direct irradiation melts solder to preset solder surface, is ground behind laser facula using lance ejection cubic boron nitride
Grain is into soldering molten bath), avoid the direct suction of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain or its brazing filler metal on surface preset when soldering to laser beam
The serious scaling loss oxidation of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, improves solder and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain interface bond strength caused by receipts.
(2) in technical solution of the present invention, laser soldering is carried out using paraxonic injection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, it is pre- with routine
Cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is set to compare with brazing powder, under conditions of same solder and cubic boron nitride supply, laser beam fusing
Material thickness greatly reduces, and therefore, required laser beam energy greatly reduces, and laser soldering heat input also greatly reduces, and reduces
The thermal damage of brazing process cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and tool base.
(3) in technical solution of the present invention, irradiation cubic boron nitride tool blank surface, Ke Yizeng are tilted using laser beam
Big soldering molten bath increases the operating distance of laser beam high-energy area and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, makes in the length of welding direction
The stimulated light irradiation influence for obtaining cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is smaller.
(4) in technical solution of the present invention, cooperated using laser soldering system and numerical control device, can easily be controlled vertical
Square boron nitride abrasive grain injection time-sequence, so that specific position of the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain arrangement to cubic boron nitride tool surface, from
And easily realize the ordered arrangement of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain.
(5) in technical solution of the present invention, laser soldering is heated using laser so that metal solder bonding agent is in a cube nitrogen
Change and diffusion, metallurgical combination reaction occur between boron abrasive grain, parent metal, obtains transition zone, thus compared to nonmetallic bonding agent,
Laser brazing metal solder bonding agent improves the holding power of matrix cubic boron nitride particle, fundamentally improve abrasive material,
The triangular bond strength of bonding agent, matrix.
(6) it in the technical solution invented, employs nitrogen as and conveys gas for atomized spray gas and cubic boron nitride particle,
There is preferable cooling effect to soldering molten bath, further decrease the thermal damage of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain.
(7) in technical solution of the present invention, laser soldering system is easily matched with modern numerical control device, and full side may be implemented
Position automatic flexible soldering processing, greatly improves production efficiency.Cubic boron nitride tool method for welding is not necessarily to brazing flux, to environment friend
It is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of equipment and tool blank used in first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is brazing area laser beam shown in Fig. 1 and Burners Positions relation schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of brazing area in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is spray gun and rectangular light spot position view in second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is lance ejection time diagram in second embodiment of the invention.
In figure:
1-matrix, 2-cubic boron nitride abrasive grains, 3-preset solders.
4-spraying systems:
401-hoppers, 402-feed appliances, 403-negative pressure chamber, 404-vacuum generators, 405-conveying gas accesses,
406-delivery pipes, 407-atomization gas entrances, 5-spray guns.
5-spray guns:
501-No. 1 spray gun, 502-No. 2 spray guns, 503-No. 3 spray guns.
6-soldering molten baths:
601-soldering 1 regions of molten bath, 602-soldering 2 regions of molten bath, 603-soldering 3 regions of molten bath, 604-solderings are molten
4 region of pond, 605-soldering 5 regions of molten bath.
The solder joint of 7-solidifications, 8-laser are brazed work head, 9-laser beams, 10-rectangular light spots, 11-coaxial protections
Gas, 12-laser beams and spray gun synchronizing moving direction, the ordered arrangement of 13-cubic boron nitride abrasive grains.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to attached drawing 1-5 and specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1.
Fig. 1-3 is the schematic diagram of first embodiment of the invention.The equipment that the present embodiment is related to include laser soldering system with
Spraying system 4.
Laser soldering system includes that laser generator interconnected (not shown) and laser are brazed work head 8.
As shown in Figure 1, spraying system 4 includes hopper 401, feed appliance 402, negative pressure chamber 403, vacuum generator 404, conveying
Gas access 405, delivery pipe 406, spray gun 5, atomization gas entrance 407.Start feed appliance, cube nitrogen in hopper 401 when work
Change boron abrasive grain 2 and input feed appliance 402, conveying gas enters vacuum generator 404 by conveying gas access 405, makes negative pressure chamber 403
The middle cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 for generating negative pressure and being inputted sucking feed appliance 402, while cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 is in air-flow
Under effect, spray gun 5 is delivered to by delivery pipe 406, atomization gas enters spray gun 5 by atomization gas entrance 407, in spray gun 5
It generates positive pressure and sprays cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2.
The present embodiment sprays cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 by paraxonic to carry out laser soldering, and laser beam 9 and spray gun 5 are along figure
Movement is irradiated simultaneously in direction 12 shown in middle arrow.Specifically, laser beam 9 as Figure 2-3 arrives preset in preceding directly irradiation
3 surface of solder to melting solder, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 is sprayed to soldering molten bath 6 using spray gun 5 behind laser facula
In, it is then quickly cooled down, forms solder joint 7.For the thermal damage for reducing cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, it is ejected into cube in soldering molten bath
Boron nitride abrasive grain and laser beam center keep certain distance δ.
A kind of method for present embodiments providing laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool, step include.
Step 1, the matrix 1 that cubic boron nitride tool is prepared using the method for machining, remove the surface of matrix 1
Rust is polished, after polishing, then is cleaned with alcohol or acetone.
In the step: 45 steel of basic material.
Cubic boron nitride tool blank is made in step 2, the surface coating solder 3 in described matrix 1.
In the step: solder is nickel-based solder, and solder layer is with a thickness of 0.25-0.3mm.
Step 3 provides above-mentioned spraying system.
Step 4 carries out cleaning using organic solvent cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 and dries after being rinsed with deionized water, and
The cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 is placed in hopper 401.
In the step: cubic boron nitride abrasive grain specification is 25 ~ 55 mesh.
Step 5 provides above-mentioned laser soldering system.
Step 6, laser soldering work head 8 are in tilted layout, and are 10 ° ~ 30 ° with vertical direction angle α；Spray gun 5 and swash
Light is brazed work head 8 and is connected, and is 30 ° ~ 75 ° with tool blank surface angle β.
Step 7, starting laser are brazed system, and laser beam inclination irradiation cubic boron nitride tool blank surface starts feeding
Device opens the conveying gas valve that control delivers gases into conveying gas access, opens control atomization gas and enters atomization gas
The atomization gas valve of body entrance, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 are ejected into laser soldering molten bath 6, laser beam 9 and spray gun 5 through spray gun 5
Synchronizing moving completes welding process.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 shows the process of this paraxonic injection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain laser soldering,
In figure, laser beam 9 and spray gun 5 12 move simultaneously along the direction of arrow in the figure and are irradiated and sprayed, and make laser beam 9 preceding
Directly irradiation melts solder to preset 3 surface of solder, sprays cubic boron nitride mill using spray gun 5 behind laser facula
Then grain 2 is quickly cooled down into soldering molten bath 6, form solder joint 7.Coaxial shielding gas 11 is injected with along 9 surrounding of laser beam.
In the step.
The laser beam is optical-fiber laser, disc laser, Nd:YAG laser or semiconductor laser.
Laser average output power is 800 ~ 1200W, and pulse recurrence frequency fl is 50 ~ 300 Hz, laser beam flying speed
Spend v be 0.1~5 m/min, the big rectangular light spot that hot spot is 5 ~ 10mm, laser beam focus mirror focal length be 200 ~ 400
Mm, defocusing amount are [- 10 mm, 0) and (0 ,+10 mm].
It is 0.2 ~ 5 that the cubic boron nitride and laser beam center for being ejected into soldering molten bath, which keep certain distance δ, distance δ,
Mm, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain are 0.1~10 m/min through lance ejection to soldering molten bath with speed.
Coaxial shielding gas 11 is inert gas Ar gas or He gas, and 11 flow of coaxial shielding gas is 10 ~ 30 L/min.
It is nitrogen that cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, which conveys gas, and nitrogen pressure is 0.1 ~ 1 Mpa.Atomization gas is nitrogen, nitrogen
Gas air pressure is 0.5 ~ 1.5 Mpa.
The simple cuboidal boron nitride tool that the technical solution can be used for making has simple cuboidal boron nitride grinding wheel, mill etc..
Embodiment 2.
Another technical solution of the invention is described in detail below with reference to attached drawing 4-5.
The difference is that, in the present embodiment, solder, configuration three are scanned using rectangular light spot 10 with above-mentioned first embodiment
The spray gun of a injection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 forms spray gun group, and laser is brazed system and numerical control device and cooperates, control injection when
The ordered arrangement of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain 2 may be implemented in sequence, and the single layer soldering cubic of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain ordered arrangement is made
Boron nitride tool.
Its concrete mode is as follows: as shown in figure 4, scanning solder using rectangular light spot 10, configuring three injection cube nitridations
The spray gun of boron abrasive grain 2 forms spray gun group, and the spray gun group includes No. 1 spray gun 503 of spray gun 502,3 of spray gun 501,2.Each spray gun
0.2 ~ 0.5 mm of bore is mounted in laser soldering work head 8, with tool blank surface at angle β, angle β is 30 ° ~
75°.As shown in figure 5, laser is brazed, work head 8 is synchronous with spray gun group to be moved along welding direction 12, and spray gun group is according to scheduled timing
Spray cubic boron nitride abrasive grain.Specifically, if cubic boron nitride abrasive grain need to arrange by parallelogram, when laser beam irradiates pricker
When welding 1 region 601 of molten bath, only No. 3 spray guns 503 spray cubic boron nitride abrasive grain；When laser beam irradiates soldering 2 region 602 of molten bath
When, No. 3 spray gun 503 and No. 2 spray guns 502 spray cubic boron nitride abrasive grain simultaneously；When laser beam irradiates soldering 3 region 603 of molten bath
When, 503, No. 2 spray gun 502 and No. 1 spray guns 501 of No. 3 spray guns spray cubic boron nitride abrasive grain simultaneously；When laser beam irradiation soldering is molten
When 4 region 604 of pond, No. 1 spray gun 501 and No. 2 spray gun 502 sprays cubic boron nitride abrasive grain simultaneously；When laser beam irradiation soldering is molten
When 5 region 605 of pond, only No. 1 spray gun 501 sprays cubic boron nitride abrasive grain.In this way, obtaining the ordered arrangement of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain
13。
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1, the matrix of cubic boron nitride tool is provided；
Step 2, in the surface coating solder of the cubic boron nitride tool matrix, cubic boron nitride tool blank is made；
Step 3, spraying system is provided, spraying system includes hopper and the spray gun that is connected with hopper；
Step 4, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is provided, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is placed in hopper；
Step 5, laser soldering system is provided, laser soldering system includes that laser generator interconnected and laser are brazed work
Head；
Step 6, by laser soldering work head and spray gun alignment tools blank surface；
Step 7, starting laser soldering system and spraying system, and laser beam and spray gun synchronizing moving, make laser be brazed work
The focusing laser beam that head generates melts solder to preset solder surface in preceding direct irradiation, uses behind laser facula
Spray gun conveys gas injection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain into soldering molten bath as cubic boron nitride particle by nitrogen, is ejected into pricker
Soldering molten bath is exposed in the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain part for welding molten bath, and keeps certain distance with laser beam center, when avoiding soldering
Preset cubic boron nitride abrasive grain or its brazing filler metal on surface are serious to cubic boron nitride abrasive grain caused by the directly absorption of laser beam
Scaling loss oxidation, is then quickly cooled down, and forms solder joint, and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is fixed on matrix surface and forms cubic boron nitride
Tool, wherein laser is brazed system and scans solder using rectangular light spot, and spraying system configures the spray of multiple injection cubic boron nitrides
Rifle, by controlling the timing of each lance ejection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, so that cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is arranged to cubic boron nitride
The specific position of tool surfaces.
2. the method for laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1,
Further include after being derusted, polished to the surface of matrix, being polished, then cleaned with organic solvent.
3. the method for laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4,
Before cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is placed in hopper, is cleaned using organic solvent cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and use deionization
It is dried after water rinsing.
4. the method for laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 6,
Laser is brazed work head tilt arrangement, is 10 ° ~ 30 ° with vertical direction angle α, and spray gun and tool blank surface institute are at folder
Angle beta is 30 ° ~ 75 °.
5. the method for laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 6,
Spray gun is connected with laser soldering work head, so that need to only control one of them can make the two synchronizing moving.
6. the method for laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3
The spraying system of offer is equipped with the feed appliance being sequentially connected, negative pressure chamber, delivery pipe between hopper and spray gun, wherein negative pressure chamber
It is further connected with vacuum generator, vacuum generator is additionally provided with conveying gas access, and spray gun is additionally provided with atomization gas entrance, and step 7 opens
After the feed appliance of dynamic spraying system, hopper cubic boron nitride abrasive grain inputs feed appliance, conveying gas by conveying gas access into
Enter vacuum generator, makes to generate the cubic boron nitride that negative pressure will suck feed appliance and be inputted in negative pressure chamber, while cubic boron nitride
Under the action of air-flow, spray gun is delivered to by delivery pipe, atomized spray gas enters spray gun, spray gun by atomization gas entrance
Interior generation positive pressure sprays cubic boron nitride.
7. the method for laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: cube nitridation
Boron abrasive particle injection timing control is realized by numerical control device.
8. a kind of method of laser soldering simple cuboidal boron nitride tool, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1, the matrix that cubic boron nitride tool is prepared using the method for machining derusts to the surface of matrix, is thrown
After light, polishing, then cleaned with organic solvent；
Step 2, in the surface coating solder of the cubic boron nitride tool matrix, cubic boron nitride tool blank is made；
Step 3, spraying system is provided, spraying system includes the hopper being sequentially connected, feed appliance, negative pressure chamber, delivery pipe, spray gun,
Wherein, negative pressure chamber is further connected with vacuum generator, vacuum generator is additionally provided with conveying gas access and control deliver gases into it is defeated
The conveying gas valve of gas access is sent, spray gun is additionally provided with atomization gas entrance and control atomization gas enters atomization gas entrance
Atomization gas valve, conveying gas and atomization gas be nitrogen；
Step 4, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is provided, cleaned using organic solvent cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and uses deionized water
It is dried after rinsing, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is placed in hopper；
Step 5, laser soldering system is provided, laser soldering system includes that laser generator interconnected and laser are brazed work
Head；
Step 6, by laser soldering work head and spray gun alignment tools blank surface, laser is brazed work head tilt arrangement, and perpendicular
Histogram is 10 ° ~ 30 ° to angle α, and spray gun is connected with laser soldering work head, is with tool blank surface angle β
30°~75°；
Step 7, starting laser is brazed system, and laser beam inclination irradiation cubic boron nitride tool blank surface starts feed appliance, beats
Conveying gas valve is opened, atomization gas valve is opened, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is brazed molten bath through lance ejection to laser, is ejected into
Soldering molten bath, laser beam and spray gun synchronizing moving are exposed in the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain part for being brazed molten bath, and laser is made to be brazed work
The focusing laser beam that head generates melts solder to preset solder surface in preceding direct irradiation, uses behind laser facula
Lance ejection cubic boron nitride abrasive grain is ejected into the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and laser beam center in soldering molten bath into soldering molten bath
Certain distance is kept, cubic boron nitride abrasive grain or its brazing filler metal on surface preset when soldering is avoided to lead the direct absorption of laser beam
The serious scaling loss oxidation of the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain of cause, is then quickly cooled down, completes brazing process, wherein laser soldering system is adopted
Solder is scanned with rectangular light spot, spraying system configures the spray gun of multiple injection cubic boron nitrides, controls each spray by numerical control device
Rifle sprays the timing of cubic boron nitride abrasive grain, so that certain bits of the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain arrangement to cubic boron nitride tool surface
It sets.
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