CN107023435A - A kind of driftage optimization method of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions - Google Patents
A kind of driftage optimization method of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN107023435A CN107023435A CN201710286907.2A CN201710286907A CN107023435A CN 107023435 A CN107023435 A CN 107023435A CN 201710286907 A CN201710286907 A CN 201710286907A CN 107023435 A CN107023435 A CN 107023435A
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of driftage optimization method of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions, its step：Using automatically to wind strategy, wind speed is divided into strong wind driftage wind speed and small windage yaw is navigated wind speed two-stage；For strong wind driftage wind speed, using strong wind to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ2|；For small windage yaw boat wind speed, using small wind to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ1|；Wherein, | ξ1| ＞ | ξ2|；When wind error ξ is met start driftage condition after, perform driftage tracking wind direction and carry out to wind, determined according to wind error ξ to wind yaw direction；When cabin rotates, when cabin is rotated up to predetermined angle, then causes the cable in tower to turn round cable, now carry out optimization of untying the mooring rope, make unit is during small wind to go off course more, few driftage during strong wind generates electricity more.The present invention can reduce unit strong wind during due to untying the mooring rope caused by downtime, be prevented effectively from loss generated energy, can be widely applied in wind-powered electricity generation industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of field of renewable energy, especially with regard to a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines in high wind conditions
Under driftage optimization method.
Background technology
Wind Power In China increases 23,370,000 kilowatts of installation amount newly within 2016, and accumulative installation amount reaches 1.69 hundred million kilowatts；It is wherein marine
Newly-increased 590,000 kilowatts of the installation of wind-powered electricity generation, accumulation installed capacity is 1,630,000 kilowatts.Wind-powered electricity generation surmounted nuclear power turn into after coal electricity and water power it
The third-largest main force's power supply afterwards.How with the section section promotion of wind-powered electricity generation adding new capacity, generated energy is improved under the limited conditions
It is the target that wind-powered electricity generation industry designer pursues diligently.
The wind wheel of wind power generating set is converted wind energy into electricity by gear-box and generator on wind drive driving-chain
Energy.The major function of set yaw system be head just to wind direction, windward, the energy now captured can be maximum in wind wheel front.Wind
Electric industry practices well is to set one to wind error, when the angle of nacelle position and wind direction reaches certain numerical value, is started inclined
Navigate real-time tracking change to wind function.Yet with reasons, cabin such as yawing velocity slow, wind direction changes at random, measurement errors
Inevitably there is certain angle in position (head) and wind direction.Due to the presence of the angle, unit can not capture most strong wind
Can, generated energy to a certain degree will be brought to lose, when nacelle position and wind direction reach 10 °, power loss is about 5%.Therefore,
Reduction is the direct and effective approach of a generated energy to wind error.
Because cabin is needed according to wind vector ceaselessly to wind, so that head just makes Wind energy extraction maximum to wind direction.When
When cabin rotates, the tower of Wind turbines is fixed, when cabin is rotated up to certain angle, is then caused in tower
Cable turn round cable, will challenge tower cable the cable of resistance to torsion attribute.Practices well is by increasing the side of conducting slip ring in industry
Method, to solve the problem of cable turns round cable, such as wind wheel rotates the torsion cable problem thereby resulted in relative to cabin, generally solved by slip ring
Certainly turn round cable problem；Because the wind direction short time will not be mutated, driftage torsion cable number of times is so frequent unlike wind wheel torsion cable, therefore wind-powered electricity generation row
The problem of generally solving to turn round cable with the method untied the mooring rope in industry.When tower cable turns round cable to a certain extent, compressor emergency shutdown driftage is performed
Untie the mooring rope action, unit is recovered tower inner cable to original straight state using yaw system rotation cabin by shutting down
Process is referred to as untying the mooring rope.Very slow yet with yawing velocity, about 12~20min is enclosed in usually 0.3~0.5 °/s, driftage one, if
Frequent shutdown is untied the mooring rope during strong wind, and larger generated energy will be caused to lose.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the driftage it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions
Optimization method, this method can reduce unit strong wind during due to untying the mooring rope caused by downtime, be prevented effectively from loss generated energy.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme：A kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines are in high wind conditions
Under driftage optimization method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：1) strong wind driftage is divided into by wind speed to wind strategy using automatic
Wind speed and small windage yaw boat wind speed two-stage；2) for strong wind driftage wind speed, using strong wind to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ2|；For small wind
Driftage wind speed, using small wind to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ1|；Wherein, | ξ1| ＞ | ξ2|；ξ be to wind error, | ξ1| for small wind to wind
When maximum to wind error, | ξ2| maximum during for strong wind to wind is to wind error, absolute value | | symbol represents not differentiate between herein suitable
Hour hands are counterclockwise to wind error；3) after driftage condition is started to wind error ξ satisfactions, driftage tracking wind direction progress pair is performed
Wind, is determined to wind yaw direction according to wind error ξ；4) when cabin rotates, when cabin is rotated up to predetermined angle, then cause
Cable in tower turns round cable, now carries out optimization of untying the mooring rope, and makes unit is during small wind to go off course more, is gone off course less during strong wind multiple
Electricity.
Further, the step 1) in, when wind speed is more than wind speed setting v ＞ v0When, it is strong wind driftage wind speed；When wind speed is small
In wind speed setting v ＜ v0When, it is small windage yaw boat wind speed；Wherein, v is wheel hub wind speed, v0For air speed value set in advance.
Further, the step 2) in, when the small wind of use is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ1| when, its process is as follows：2.1) judge
It is maximum to wind error when whether being more than small wind to wind to wind error, next step is entered if being more than；2.2) whether wind speed is judged
Less than wind speed setting, if not less than return to step 2.1 if wind speed setting), while carrying out strong wind to wind strategy；If less than setting wind
It is fast then into step 3).
Further, the step 2) in, when use strong wind is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ2| when, its process is as follows：Judge to wind
It is maximum to wind error when whether error is more than strong wind to wind, step 3 is entered if being more than)；Small wind pair is carried out if being not more than
Wind strategy.
Further, the step 3) in, as ξ ＞ 0, driftage clockwise；As ξ ＜ 0, driftage counterclockwise.
Further, the step 4) in, optimization process of untying the mooring rope is as follows：4.1) wind speed is divided into strong wind to untie the mooring rope wind speed and small wind
Untie the mooring rope wind speed two-stage；4.2) wind speed that untied the mooring rope to small wind is untied the mooring rope strategy using small windThe wind speed that untied the mooring rope to strong wind uses strong wind
Untie the mooring rope strategyWherein, To turn round cable angle,Maximum torsion cable angle when being untied the mooring rope for small wind,To be big
Maximum torsion cable angle when wind unties the mooring rope, absolute value | | symbol represents not differentiating between torsion cable angle clockwise or counterclockwise；4.3) torsion is worked as
Cable angleSatisfaction is untied the mooring rope after condition, perform driftage untie the mooring rope tracking by tower turn round cable cable it is straight, according to turn round cable angleCome
Decision is untied the mooring rope direction.
Further, the step 4.1) in, when wind speed is more than wind speed setting v ＞ v0When, it is that strong wind unties the mooring rope wind speed；Work as wind speed
Less than wind speed setting v ＜ v0When, it is that small wind unties the mooring rope wind speed.
Further, the step 4.3) in, whenWhen, untie the mooring rope clockwise；WhenWhen, untie the mooring rope counterclockwise.
Further, the step 4.2) in, untied the mooring rope strategy when using small windWhen, its process is as follows：4.2.1) sentence
The maximum turned round when whether cable angle unties the mooring rope more than small wind of breaking turns round cable angle, and next step is entered if being more than；4.2.2) judge wind speed
Whether wind speed setting is less than, if not less than return to step 4.2.1 if wind speed setting), the strategy while progress strong wind unties the mooring rope；If being less than
Wind speed setting then enters step 4.3).
Further, the step 4.2) in, untied the mooring rope strategy when using strong windWhen, its process is as follows：Judge to turn round cable
Maximum torsion cable angle when whether angle unties the mooring rope more than strong wind, enters step 4.3 if being more than)；Small wind is carried out if being not more than
Untie the mooring rope strategy.
The present invention is due to taking above technical scheme, and it has advantages below：1st, the present invention is generally used to current unit
It is automatic that windage yaw boat strategy is optimized, it is divided into strong wind driftage and small windage yaw two kinds of strategies of boat, while optimizing strong wind driftage and small
Windage yaw boat to wind error selection strategy so that yaw error is as small as possible during unit strong wind.2nd, the present invention is automatically to wind
On policy grounds, the resistance to torsion characteristic of cable is made full use of, the strategy that untied the mooring rope to driftage carries out similar optimization, allows unit in the small wind phase
Between go off course, few driftage during strong wind generates electricity, downtime caused by reducing during unit strong wind due to untying the mooring rope.To sum up institute
State, the present invention is widely used, practicality is relatively strong, can be widely applied in wind-powered electricity generation industry.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to wind error schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is for power attenuation and to wind error graph of a relation；
Fig. 3 a are the present invention to wind error policy optimization schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 3 b are the policy optimization schematic flow sheets that unties the mooring rope of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is torsion cable angle schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Because the power and wind speed of unit are 3 power relations, i.e.,
Wherein, P is the power that wind wheel is captured, and ρ is atmospheric density, and A is swept area of rotor, vpFor the actual reception of wind wheel
Wind speed.When there is deviation between nacelle position and wind direction, the angle of nacelle position and wind direction is referred to as to wind error ξ：
ξ=θm-θn (2)
Wherein, θmFor wind direction, θnFor nacelle position, ξ is to wind error, as shown in Figure 1.
Because generated energy loss will occur for the presence of the angle, at this moment wind wheel is actual receives wind speed vpClosed with wind wheel wind speed v
System is as follows：
vp=v cos ξ (3)
Therefore, wind wheel actual power P is：
It can be seen from above-mentioned formula, when reaching 10 ° to wind error ξ, the power of the assembling unit will lose about 5%, power attenuation and
It is as shown in Figure 2 to wind error relation.Therefore, it is to contradiction that the yaw maneuver frequency and power, which are maximized,.The frequency of going off course is high, to wind direction
Random change with it is tight, will reduce to wind error, and improve the ability that wind wheel captures wind energy, but inherently one consumption of driftage
Motor structure, the driftage frequency is high will also to increase the abrasion of the mechanical parts such as driftage；The frequency of going off course is low, insensitive to wind vector, increases
Big to decline the ability that wind wheel captures wind energy wind error, benefit is to reduce driftage power consumption and reduce driftage abrasion.Therefore,
The invention provides a kind of driftage optimization method of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions, so that during unit strong wind partially
Error of navigating is as small as possible, and the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Driftage optimization method of the Large-scale Wind Turbines of the present invention under high wind conditions comprises the following steps：
1) as shown in Figure 3 a, using automatically to wind strategy, wind speed is divided into strong wind driftage wind speed and small windage yaw is navigated wind speed two
Level：When wind speed is more than wind speed setting v ＞ v0When, it is strong wind driftage wind speed；When wind speed is less than wind speed setting v ＜ v0When, it is small windage yaw
Navigate wind speed；Wherein, v is wheel hub wind speed, v0For air speed value set in advance.
2) for strong wind driftage wind speed, using strong wind to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ2|；For small windage yaw boat wind speed, using small
Wind is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | and ξ1|；Wherein, | ξ1| ＞ | ξ2|；ξ be to wind error, | ξ1| it is maximum to wind mistake during for small wind to wind
Difference, | ξ2| maximum during for strong wind to wind is to wind error, absolute value | | it is right clockwise or counterclockwise that symbol represents not differentiate between herein
Wind error.
3) after startup driftage condition is met to wind error ξ, perform driftage tracking wind direction and carry out to wind, at this moment basis is to wind
Error ξ is determined to wind yaw direction：As ξ ＞ 0, driftage (CW) clockwise；As ξ ＜ 0, driftage (CCW) counterclockwise.
4) when cabin rotates, the towers of Wind turbines be it is fixed, when cabin is rotated up to predetermined angle, then
Cause cable in tower to turn round cable, now need progress to untie the mooring rope optimization.
5) as shown in Figure 3 b, untie the mooring rope the resistance to torsion characteristic (as shown in Figure 4) of Optimum utilization cable, make unit many during small wind
Driftage, few driftage during strong wind generates electricity, with during reducing unit strong wind due to untying the mooring rope caused by downtime.Detailed process
It is as follows：
5.1) wind speed is divided into strong wind unties the mooring rope wind speed and small wind unties the mooring rope wind speed two-stage：When wind speed is more than wind speed setting v ＞ v0
When, it is that strong wind unties the mooring rope wind speed；When wind speed is less than wind speed setting v ＜ v0When, it is that small wind unties the mooring rope wind speed；
5.2) wind speed that untied the mooring rope to small wind is untied the mooring rope strategy using small windThe wind speed that untied the mooring rope to strong wind is untied the mooring rope plan using strong wind
SlightlyWherein, To turn round cable angle,Maximum torsion cable angle when being untied the mooring rope for small wind,Untied the mooring rope for strong wind
When maximum turn round cable angle, absolute value | | symbol represents not differentiating between torsion cable angle clockwise or counterclockwise.
5.3) when torsion cable angleSatisfaction is untied the mooring rope after condition, perform driftage untie the mooring rope tracking by tower turn round cable cable it is straight,
At this moment according to torsion cable angleTo determine direction of untying the mooring rope：WhenWhen, untie the mooring rope clockwise；WhenWhen, untie the mooring rope counterclockwise.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, when the small wind of use is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ1| when, its process is as follows：
2.1) it is maximum to wind error when judging whether to be more than small wind to wind to wind error, next step is entered if being more than；
2.2) judge whether wind speed is less than wind speed setting, if not less than return to step 2.1 if wind speed setting), carry out simultaneously
Strong wind is to wind strategy；Enter step 3 if wind speed setting is less than).
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, when use strong wind is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ2| when, its process is as follows：Judge be to wind error
It is no more than strong wind to wind when it is maximum to wind error, if entering step 3 more than if)；Small wind is carried out to wind strategy if being not more than.
Above-mentioned steps 5.2) in, untied the mooring rope strategy when using small windWhen, its process is as follows：
5.2.1) judge to turn round maximum torsion cable angle when whether cable angle unties the mooring rope more than small wind, enter next if being more than
Step；
5.2.2) judge whether wind speed is less than wind speed setting, if not less than return to step 5.2.1 if wind speed setting), simultaneously
Strong wind is carried out to untie the mooring rope strategy；Enter step 5.3 if wind speed setting is less than).
Above-mentioned steps 5.2) in, untied the mooring rope strategy when using strong windWhen, its process is as follows：Judge whether turn round cable angle
Maximum torsion cable angle when being untied the mooring rope more than strong wind, enters step 5.3 if being more than)；Small wind is carried out if being not more than to untie the mooring rope strategy.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, and structure and size, set location and the shape of each part are all can be with
It is varied from, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all improvement carried out according to the principle of the invention to individual part and waits
With conversion, it should not exclude outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) strong wind driftage wind speed and small windage yaw boat wind speed two-stage are divided into by wind speed to wind strategy using automatic；
2) for strong wind driftage wind speed, using strong wind to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ ξ2|；For small windage yaw boat wind speed, using small wind to wind
Strategy | ξ | ＞ ξ1|；Wherein, | ξ1| ＞ ξ2|；ξ be to wind error, | ξ1| it is maximum to wind error during for small wind to wind, | ξ2| it is big
Maximum when wind is to wind is to wind error, absolute value | | symbol represents not differentiating between herein clockwise or counterclockwise to wind error；
3) when wind error ξ is met start driftage condition after, perform driftage tracking wind direction and carry out to wind, according to wind error ξ come
Determine to wind yaw direction；
4) when cabin rotates, when cabin is rotated up to predetermined angle, then the cable in tower is caused to turn round cable, now progress is untied the mooring rope excellent
Change, make unit is during small wind to go off course more, few driftage during strong wind generates electricity more.
2. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is：The step 1) in, when wind speed is more than wind speed setting v ＞ v0When, it is strong wind driftage wind speed；When wind speed is less than wind speed setting
V ＜ v0When, it is small windage yaw boat wind speed；Wherein, v is wheel hub wind speed, v0For air speed value set in advance.
3. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is：The step 2) in, when the small wind of use is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ ξ1| when, its process is as follows：
2.1) it is maximum to wind error when judging whether to be more than small wind to wind to wind error, next step is entered if being more than；
2.2) judge whether wind speed is less than wind speed setting, if not less than return to step 2.1 if wind speed setting), while carrying out strong wind
To wind strategy；Enter step 3 if wind speed setting is less than).
4. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is：The step 2) in, when use strong wind is to wind strategy | ξ | ＞ | ξ2| when, its process is as follows：Judge whether big to wind error
It is maximum to wind error when strong wind is to wind, step 3 is entered if being more than)；Small wind is carried out to wind strategy if being not more than.
5. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is：The step 3) in, as ξ ＞ 0, driftage clockwise；As ξ ＜ 0, driftage counterclockwise.
6. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is：The step 4) in, optimization process of untying the mooring rope is as follows：
4.1) wind speed is divided into strong wind unties the mooring rope wind speed and small wind unties the mooring rope wind speed two-stage；
4.2) wind speed that untied the mooring rope to small wind is untied the mooring rope strategy using small windThe wind speed that untied the mooring rope to strong wind is untied the mooring rope strategy using strong windWherein, To turn round cable angle,Maximum torsion cable angle when being untied the mooring rope for small wind,When being untied the mooring rope for strong wind
Maximum turn round cable angle, absolute value | | symbol represents not differentiating between torsion cable angle clockwise or counterclockwise；
4.3) when torsion cable angleSatisfaction is untied the mooring rope after condition, perform driftage untie the mooring rope tracking by tower turn round cable cable it is straight, according to
Turn round cable angleTo determine direction of untying the mooring rope.
7. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 6, its feature
It is：The step 4.1) in, when wind speed is more than wind speed setting v ＞ v0When, it is that strong wind unties the mooring rope wind speed；When wind speed is less than setting wind
Fast v ＜ v0When, it is that small wind unties the mooring rope wind speed.
8. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 6, its feature
It is：The step 4.3) in, whenWhen, untie the mooring rope clockwise；WhenWhen, untie the mooring rope counterclockwise.
9. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 6, its feature
It is：The step 4.2) in, untied the mooring rope strategy when using small windWhen, its process is as follows：
4.2.1) judge to turn round maximum torsion cable angle when whether cable angle unties the mooring rope more than small wind, next step is entered if being more than；
4.2.2) judge whether wind speed is less than wind speed setting, if not less than return to step 4.2.1 if wind speed setting), carry out simultaneously
Strong wind unties the mooring rope strategy；Enter step 4.3 if wind speed setting is less than).
10. driftage optimization method of a kind of Large-scale Wind Turbines under high wind conditions as claimed in claim 6, its feature
It is：The step 4.2) in, untied the mooring rope strategy when using strong windWhen, its process is as follows：Judge whether torsion cable angle is big
Maximum torsion cable angle when strong wind unties the mooring rope, enters step 4.3 if being more than)；Small wind is carried out if being not more than to untie the mooring rope strategy.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108194266A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 华润新能源（临武）风能有限公司 | Yaw control method and yaw control device |
| CN112145344A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Cable-releasing control method and device for wind generating set |
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