CN107015415B - A kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle generation device - Google Patents
A kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107015415B CN107015415B CN201710240963.2A CN201710240963A CN107015415B CN 107015415 B CN107015415 B CN 107015415B CN 201710240963 A CN201710240963 A CN 201710240963A CN 107015415 B CN107015415 B CN 107015415B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/3526—Non-linear optics using two-photon emission or absorption processes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F3/00—Optical logic elements; Optical bistable devices
Abstract
A kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle generation device and method, are related to a kind of generation technology that photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle, in order to widen the application range of quantum entanglement.The pulse laser of laser emitting is incident to bbo crystal, one photon of the polarization state entangled photons centering of bbo crystal outgoing is incident to the first orbital angular momentum modulating system, another photon is incident to the second orbital angular momentum modulating system, and the photon of the first orbital angular momentum modulating system outgoing and the photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system outgoing tangle.The present invention is suitable for preparing High Dimensional Quantum States entangled photon pairs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generation technologies that photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle.
Background technique
Quantum entanglement is a kind of typical non-classical effects of microscopic fields, has important application in quantum information science field
Value.Such as the Technique on Quantum Communication based on quantum entanglement is known as the communication technology that can not be ravesdropping that is perfectly safe.At present compared with
Generating scheme for mature quantum entanglement is to prepare tangling for two orthogonal polarisation states of photon with optical instrument.This two dimension quantum
Tangling for state is only applicable to binary-coded information.It will greatly be widened if can prepare and generate tangling for High Dimensional Quantum States
The application range of quantum entanglement.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to widen the application range of quantum entanglement, to provide a kind of photon trajectory angular momentum sheet
Sign state tangles generation device and method.
A kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates of the present invention tangle generation device, including laser, bbo crystal,
First orbital angular momentum modulating system and the second orbital angular momentum modulating system；
The pulse laser of laser emitting is incident to bbo crystal, and the one of the polarization state entangled photons centering of bbo crystal outgoing
A photon is incident to the first orbital angular momentum modulating system, another photon is incident to the second orbital angular momentum modulating system, the
The photon of one orbital angular momentum modulating system outgoing and the photon trajectory angular momentum sheet of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system outgoing
Sign state is tangled.
Preferably, the first orbital angular momentum modulating system includes the first polarization splitting prism, the first reflecting mirror, the
One spatial light modulator, second space optical modulator, the second reflecting mirror, the second polarization splitting prism and the first polarizing film；
One photon is incident to the first polarization splitting prism；If the polarization direction of the photon is vertical direction, the
The photon is reflexed to the first spatial light modulator by one polarization splitting prism, and the photon through the transmission of the first spatial light modulator is incident
To the second reflecting mirror, photon is reflexed to the second polarization splitting prism by the second reflecting mirror；If the polarization direction of the photon is level
Direction, then the photon is transmitted through second space optical modulator by the first polarization splitting prism, is transmitted through second space optical modulator
Incident second polarization splitting prism of photon；Second polarization splitting prism is by the light that incident polarization direction is vertical direction and partially
Vibration direction is that the light of horizontal direction carries out conjunction beam, and is transmitted through the first polarizing film.
Preferably, the second orbital angular momentum modulating system includes third polarization splitting prism, third reflecting mirror,
Three spatial light modulators, the 4th spatial light modulator, the 4th reflecting mirror, the 4th polarization splitting prism and the second polarizing film；
Another described photon is incident to third polarization splitting prism；If the polarization direction of the photon is vertical direction,
The photon is reflexed to third spatial light modulator by third polarization splitting prism, and the photon transmitted through third spatial light modulator enters
It is incident upon the 4th reflecting mirror, photon is reflexed to the 4th polarization splitting prism by the 4th reflecting mirror；If the polarization direction of the photon is water
Square to then the photon is transmitted through the 4th spatial light modulator by third polarization splitting prism, saturating through the 4th spatial light modulator
Incident 4th polarization splitting prism of the photon penetrated；4th polarization splitting prism by the light that incident polarization direction is vertical direction and
Polarization direction is that the light of horizontal direction carries out conjunction beam, and is transmitted through the second polarizing film.
Preferably, the first spatial light modulator is identical as the modulation pattern that third spatial light modulator is loaded, and second
Spatial light modulator is identical as the modulation pattern that the 4th spatial light modulator is loaded, and different from the first spatial light modulator and
The modulation pattern that three spatial light modulators are loaded.
Preferably, the saturating vibration direction of the first polarizing film and the second polarizing film is identical, is diagonal.
A kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates of the invention tangle production method, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the pulse laser of laser emitting is incident to bbo crystal, polarization state entangled photon pairs are generated；
Step 2: a photon of the polarization state entangled photons centering of bbo crystal outgoing is incident to the first orbital angular momentum
Modulating system；Another photon of the polarization state entangled photons centering of bbo crystal outgoing is incident to the modulation of the second orbital angular momentum
System, the photon of the first orbital angular momentum modulating system outgoing and the photon trajectory angle of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system outgoing
Momentum eigenstate tangles.
The present invention is tangled using the generation of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates.Photon has infinite multiple orbital angular momentums intrinsic
State, and the device and method theoretically can arbitrarily choose different orbital angular momentum eigenstate combination generations and tangle.By by light
The entanglement swapping of sub- polarization state is tangling for orbital angular momentum eigenstate, and the present invention can be in most 600 orbital angular momentum sheets
Any two generation is chosen in sign state to tangle.This is of great significance to quantum information science field, such as quantum can be improved and lead to
The service efficiency of channel during letter.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of structure that photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle generation device described in specific embodiment one is shown
It is intended to；
When Fig. 2 is the orbital angular momentum of photon 10 quantum numbers of acquisition in specific embodiment one added by spatial light modulator
The modulation pattern of load；
Fig. 3 is spatial light modulator institute when the photon in specific embodiment one obtains the orbital angular momentum of 100 quantum numbers
The modulation pattern of load；
Fig. 4 is spatial light modulator institute when the photon in specific embodiment one obtains the orbital angular momentum of 300 quantum numbers
The modulation pattern of load.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1: illustrating present embodiment, a kind of light described in present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 4
Sub-track Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle generation device, including laser 1, the 2, first track angle of bbo crystal (BBO Crystal)
Momentum modulating system 17 and the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18；
The continuous pulse laser that laser 1 is emitted is incident to bbo crystal 2 and causes parametric down conversion process, generates polarization
One photon of state entangled photon pairs, the polarization state entangled photons centering that bbo crystal 2 is emitted is incident to the first orbital angular momentum tune
System 17 processed obtains orbital angular momentum and erases original polarization information after modulation, another photon is incident to the second track angular motion
Modulating system 18 is measured, orbital angular momentum is obtained after modulation and erases original polarization information, the first orbital angular momentum modulating system 17
The photon of outgoing and the photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18 outgoing tangle.
First orbital angular momentum modulating system 17 includes the first polarization splitting prism 3, the first reflecting mirror 4, the first spatial light
Modulator 5, second space optical modulator 6, the second reflecting mirror 7, the second polarization splitting prism 8 and the first polarizing film 9；
In present embodiment, one photon is incident to the first polarization splitting prism 3；Into the first Polarization Modulation system
17 photon is possibly into clockwise horizontal polarization optical path or square counterclockwise after the light splitting of the first polarization splitting prism 3
To vertical polarization optical path.Photon into vertical polarization optical path successively passes through the first spatial light modulator 5 and the second reflecting mirror 7
And obtain orbital angular momentum.Photon into horizontal polarization optical path successively pass through reflecting mirror 4 and second space optical modulator 6 and
Obtain orbital angular momentum.Photon through two paths successively passes through the second polarization splitting prism 8 and the first polarizing film 9 carries out
Polarization and routing information are erased after mixing and interference.
In present embodiment, the photon into the second Polarization Modulation system 18 is divided possibility through third polarization splitting prism 10
Into clockwise vertical polarization optical path or anticlockwise horizontal polarization optical path.Into the photon of vertical polarization optical path
Successively orbital angular momentum is obtained by third spatial light modulator 12 and the 4th reflecting mirror 14.Into the light of horizontal polarization optical path
Son successively obtains orbital angular momentum by third reflecting mirror 11 and the 4th spatial light modulator 13.Photon through two paths
Successively polarization and routing information are erased after the 4th polarization splitting prism 15 and the second polarizing film 16 are mixed and are interfered.
In order to realize that polarization state tangles the conversion tangled to orbital angular momentum eigenstate, in present embodiment, the first space
Optical modulator 5 is identical as the modulation pattern that third spatial light modulator 12 is loaded, second space optical modulator 6 and the 4th space
The modulation pattern that optical modulator 13 is loaded is identical, and different from the first spatial light modulator 5 and 12 institute of third spatial light modulator
The modulation pattern of load.
In present embodiment, it is diagonal that the first polarizing film 9 is identical with the saturating vibration direction of the second polarizing film 16.
It is 45 ° with the angle of horizontal direction and vertical direction.
It uses diode laser to generate the blue continuous laser that peak power is 405nm for 35mW, wavelength and pumps II type
Bbo crystal causes parametric down conversion process, per second to obtain about 1,300,000 pairs of polarization state entangled photon pairs.Polarization state is entangled
It twines photon and obtains track angle to the first orbital angular momentum modulating system 17 and the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18 is respectively enterd
Momentum.The modulation pattern that Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 is loaded for first to fourth spatial light modulator as primary modulation device, in figure,
0, π, 2 π are the size of phase, will obtain 10 times of (Fig. 2), (Fig. 3) of 2 π after the modulation of the modulation pattern shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 respectively
100 times, (Fig. 4) 300 times of azimuthal phases respectively correspond the orbital angular momentum that quantum number is 10,100 and 300.It can be seen that being
Make the photon to obtain higher orbital angular momentum and need to load more complicated modulation pattern, using high-resolution (1920 ×
1080,8 μm of pixel dimension) spatial light modulator highest can allow incident photon to obtain the orbital angular momentums of 300 quantum numbers.
It can be prepared using the device of present embodiment and generate High Dimensional Quantum States entangled photon pairs.Compared to existing two-dimentional quantum
The entangled photon pairs of state, High Dimensional Quantum States entangled photon pairs can widen quantum entanglement and apply model in quantum information science field
It encloses, improves the channel service efficiency of Technique on Quantum Communication.
Specific embodiment 2: tangling production based on a kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates described in specific embodiment one
A kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates of generating apparatus tangle production method, in present embodiment, a kind of photon trajectory angular momentum
Eigenstate tangles production method, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the pulse laser that laser 1 is emitted is incident to bbo crystal 2, polarization state entangled photon pairs are generated；
The wave function of polarization state entangled photon pairs | ψin> it is polarization freedom degree and orbital angular momentum freedom degree respectively wave function
Direct product, expression formula are as follows:
Wherein α, β andFor real number and meet normalizing condition α2+β2=1, α and β be respectively | ψin> to | H > | V > and | V
> | H > projection complex amplitude,For relative phase, | H >, | V > it is respectively horizontal and polarization and vertical polarization wave function, | 0 > represent track
Angular Momentum Eigenstates wave function, number 0 represent orbital angular momentum quantum number as 0.
Step 2: a photon of the polarization state entangled photons centering that bbo crystal 2 is emitted is incident to the first orbital angular momentum
Modulating system 17 obtains orbital angular momentum and erases original polarization information；The polarization state entangled photons centering that bbo crystal 2 is emitted
Another photon be incident to the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18, obtain orbital angular momentum and simultaneously erase original polarization information,
The photon of first orbital angular momentum modulating system 17 outgoing and the photon trajectory angle of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18 outgoing
Momentum eigenstate tangles.
According to formula (1), the photon with orbital angular momentum of acquisition is to wave function | ψout> be
Wherein D represents the saturating vibration direction of the first polarizing film 9 and the second polarizing film 16, | the first track angular motion is passed through in D > representative
The photon for measuring modulating system 17 and the modulation of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18 polarizes freedom degree wave function, and l and k are track angle
Momentum quantum number, | l >, | the first orbital angular momentum modulating system 17 and the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18 are passed through in k > representative
Modulated photon trajectory angular momentum freedom degree wave function.
The detailed process with the photon of orbital angular momentum is obtained in step 2 are as follows:
If along the vertical direction into the photon polarization direction of the first interference formula orbital angular momentum modulating system 17, by the
The first spatial light modulator of optical routing 5 counterclockwise will be entered after one polarization splitting prism 3 to modulate, the first spatial light modulator 5
Modulation pattern is programmed so that incident photon has the orbital angular momentum of+l.Into the first orbital angular momentum modulating system 17
If photon polarization direction is in the horizontal direction, optical routing second space clockwise will be entered after the first polarization splitting prism 3
Optical modulator 6 is modulated, and the modulation pattern of second space optical modulator 6 is programmed so that incident photon has the track angular motion of+k
Amount.The photon of photon or paths counterclockwise either through paths clockwise, all through the second polarization splitting prism 8
First polarizing film 9 of the incident direction of vibration thoroughly diagonally (D) erases original polarization information afterwards, and the photon of two-way light is first
It is interfered at polarizing film 9.
If along the vertical direction into the photon polarization direction of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18, being polarized by third
Optical routing third spatial light modulator 12 clockwise will be entered after Amici prism 10 to modulate, the modulation of third spatial light modulator 12
Pattern is programmed so that incident photon has the orbital angular momentum of+l.Into the photon of the second orbital angular momentum modulating system 18
If polarization direction is in the horizontal direction, the 4th spatial light tune of optical routing counterclockwise will be entered after third polarization splitting prism 10
Device 13 processed is modulated, and the modulation pattern of the 4th spatial light modulator 13 is programmed so that incident photon has the track angular motion of+k
Amount.The photon of photon or paths counterclockwise either through paths clockwise, all through the 4th polarization splitting prism
Second polarizing film 16 of the incident direction of vibration thoroughly diagonally (D) erases original polarization information after 15, and the photon of two-way light exists
It is interfered at first polarizing film 9.
Wave function is that the polarization state entangled photon pairs of (1) formula pass through the modulation of first and second orbital angular momentum modulating system
Afterwards, wave function becomes formula (2).Formula (2) is that orbital angular momentum eigenstate tangles wave function, in formula, orbital angular momentum from
The direct product of the respective orbital angular momentum freedom degree wave function of two photons can not be written as by degree wave function, thus two photons are in track
Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.
Although describing the present invention herein with reference to specific embodiment, it should be understood that, these realities
Apply the example that example is only principles and applications.It should therefore be understood that can be carried out to exemplary embodiment
Many modifications, and can be designed that other arrangements, without departing from spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims
And range.It should be understood that different appurtenances can be combined by being different from mode described in original claim
Benefit requires and feature described herein.It will also be appreciated that the feature in conjunction with described in separate embodiments can be used
In other described embodiments.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates tangle generation device, including laser (1), bbo crystal (2), the first track
Angular momentum modulating system (17) and the second orbital angular momentum modulating system (18)；
The pulse laser of laser (1) outgoing is incident to bbo crystal (2), the polarization state entangled photon pairs of bbo crystal (2) outgoing
In a photon be incident to the first orbital angular momentum modulating system (17), another photon is incident to the second orbital angular momentum tune
System (18) processed, the photon and the second orbital angular momentum modulating system (18) of the first orbital angular momentum modulating system (17) outgoing go out
The photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates penetrated tangle；
It is characterized in that, the first orbital angular momentum modulating system (17) includes the first polarization splitting prism (3), the first reflection
Mirror (4), the first spatial light modulator (5), second space optical modulator (6), the second reflecting mirror (7), the second polarization splitting prism
(8) and the first polarizing film (9)；
One photon is incident to the first polarization splitting prism (3)；If the polarization direction of the photon be vertical direction, first
The photon is reflexed to the first spatial light modulator (5) by polarization splitting prism (3), through the first spatial light modulator (5) transmission
Photon is incident to the second reflecting mirror (7), and photon is reflexed to the second polarization splitting prism (8) by the second reflecting mirror (7)；If the photon
Polarization direction be horizontal direction, then the photon is transmitted through second space optical modulator (6) by the first polarization splitting prism (3),
Incident second polarization splitting prism (8) of photon through second space optical modulator (6) transmission；Second polarization splitting prism (8) will
Incident polarization direction is the light of vertical direction and polarization direction is that the light of horizontal direction carries out conjunction beam, and is transmitted through the first polarization
Piece (9).
2. a kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates according to claim 1 tangle generation device, which is characterized in that described
Second orbital angular momentum modulating system (18) includes third polarization splitting prism (10), third reflecting mirror (11), third spatial light
Modulator (12), the 4th spatial light modulator (13), the 4th reflecting mirror (14), the 4th polarization splitting prism (15) and the second polarization
Piece (16)；
Another described photon is incident to third polarization splitting prism (10)；If the polarization direction of the photon is vertical direction,
The photon is reflexed to third spatial light modulator (12) by third polarization splitting prism (10), through third spatial light modulator (12)
The photon of transmission is incident to the 4th reflecting mirror (14), and photon is reflexed to the 4th polarization splitting prism by the 4th reflecting mirror (14)
(15)；If the polarization direction of the photon is horizontal direction, which is transmitted through the 4th sky by third polarization splitting prism (10)
Between optical modulator (13), incident 4th polarization splitting prism (15) of photon through the transmission of the 4th spatial light modulator (13)；4th
Polarization splitting prism (15) closes the light that the light that incident polarization direction is vertical direction and polarization direction are horizontal direction
Beam, and it is transmitted through the second polarizing film (16).
3. a kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates according to claim 2 tangle generation device, which is characterized in that first
Spatial light modulator (5) is identical as the modulation pattern that third spatial light modulator (12) is loaded, second space optical modulator (6)
It is identical as the modulation pattern that the 4th spatial light modulator (13) is loaded and empty different from the first spatial light modulator (5) and third
Between the modulation pattern that is loaded of optical modulator (12).
4. a kind of photon trajectory Angular Momentum Eigenstates according to claim 3 tangle generation device, which is characterized in that first
Polarizing film (9) is identical with the saturating vibration direction of the second polarizing film (16), is diagonal.
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