CN107015277B - The focus variable depth sensor that drills detects rock parameter method - Google Patents

The focus variable depth sensor that drills detects rock parameter method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107015277B
CN107015277B CN201710371773.4A CN201710371773A CN107015277B CN 107015277 B CN107015277 B CN 107015277B CN 201710371773 A CN201710371773 A CN 201710371773A CN 107015277 B CN107015277 B CN 107015277B
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component sensor
drill bit
wave
sensor
jth
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CN107015277A (en
Inventor
吴燕清
郑万波
胡运兵
何昭友
秦伟
马代辉
阎家光
张碧勇
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CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V1/44—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators and receivers in the same well
    • G01V1/48—Processing data
    • G01V1/50—Analysing data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/12—Signal generation
    • G01V2210/121—Active source
    • G01V2210/1216—Drilling-related
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/16—Survey configurations
    • G01V2210/163—Cross-well
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/60—Analysis
    • G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
    • G01V2210/616—Data from specific type of measurement
    • G01V2210/6169—Data from specific type of measurement using well-logging

Abstract

The invention discloses drilling focus variable depth sensors to detect rock parameter method, characterized by the following steps: step 1: being arranged wave detector in drill string tail end, for receiving drill bit transmitted wave；Step 2: being arranged three component sensor group in tunnel lateral wall, three component sensor can detect direct wave and back wave simultaneously；Step 3: starting drilling machine；Step 4: the vibration signal that drill bit source is transmitted by drill string is sent to explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host by wireless transmitter module by wave detector；The direct wave received and/or back wave are sent to explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host by wireless transmitter module by three component sensor group；Step 5: explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host is analyzed and processed the data received, detection conclusion is obtained；The present invention can predict the details of drill bit earth layer in front construction in real time, can be widely applied to the fields such as coal mine, field oil-gas exploration, tunnel construction and seismic survey.

Description

The focus variable depth sensor that drills detects rock parameter method
The application is a divisional application, and the applying date of original application is 2015.04.21, and application number is 201510187917.1 invention and created name is " drilling earthquake drill bit lateral wall geological structure detection method ".
Technical field:
The present invention relates to geological structure detection methods, and in particular to drilling focus variable depth sensor detects rock parameter Method.
Technical background:
Nature earthquake includes natural earthquake and artificial earthquake, and wherein artificial earthquake includes active earthquake and passiveseismic, In seismic prospecting, man-made explosion is used to carry useful geological information data；Seismic wave in seismic prospecting is artificial sharp What hair generated, as man-made explosion can be divided into two classes, and one kind is dynamite source, and another kind of is non-explosive source.Dynamite source The seismic wave of excitation has the advantages that good pulse characteristic and energy are high, is the main shake of field oil-gas exploration earthquake-wave-exciting Source non-explosive source falls weight formula focus, gas exploder, spark source, controlled source and drilling earthquake focus etc..
At abroad, early in 1936, weatherby just propose using drill vibration as focus to subsurface structure carry out at The thinking of picture, since the eighties in last century, drilling earthquake (SWD, Seismic While Drilling) is gradually to grow up, Last century the nineties, drilling earthquake, gradually to engineer application transition, form technological package from theory study, and start pair Outer service, these systems are at present still in continuous improve.The vibration that it is generated when drill bit broken rock using in drillng operation as ground Lower focus, the sensor by being mounted on derrick and drilling rod top, which is acquired, transmits the drill vibration signal to come up by drilling rod, and leads to Cross direct wave and back wave figure of the geophone arrangement acquisition through the bit signal on earth-layer propagation on the survey line of ground.It can be real-time Predict drill bit earth layer in front construction details, abnormal stratum pore fluid pressure, reduce drilling risk, determine casing it is best under Depth is put, is had very important significance for improving drilling engineering safety with benefit.Currently, being based on horizontal drill drill bit source Drilling earthquake lateral wall Detection Techniques have not been reported, it is therefore desirable to passively shaken based on the lateral wall of daily production extractive equipment The geological prospecting in source is studied, and is plugged a gap.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide drilling focus variable depth sensors to detect rock parameter method.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme is that, drilling focus variable depth sensor detects rock parameter Method, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: being arranged wave detector in drill string tail end, for receiving drill bit transmitted wave；
Step 2: by the setting of three component sensor group in tunnel lateral wall, three component sensor can be same
When detection direct wave and back wave；
Step 3: starting drilling machine；
Step 4: wave detector vibration signal that drill bit source is transmitted by drill string is sent to by wireless transmitter module it is anti- Quick-fried geology lateral wall survey meter host；The direct wave received and/or back wave are passed through wireless transmitter module by three component sensor group It is sent to explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host；
Step 5: explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host is analyzed and processed the data received,
Obtain detection conclusion；Data Analysis Services carry out as follows:
When direct wave stroke directions isomer-free, first to m three component sensor receives drill bit source signal Direct wave, m+1 to the n-th three component sensor do not receive direct wave；Then: c1, c2, τ1, τ2, Li, can be by equation group 1. It acquires:
Wherein: τ1For the drill bit source signal direct wave hourage that the first three component sensor receives, τ2For m tri- The source signal direct wave hourage that component sensor receives；t1It is the received drill bit source signal of wave detector in drill string Propagation time；Δt1For the first three component sensor received drill bit source signal direct wave hourage and drill bit source signal In the time difference in drill string propagation time, Δ t2For m three component sensor received drill bit source signal direct wave hourage With drill bit source signal in the time difference in the propagation time of drill string, i is the sensor serial number arranged from face to lateral wall, i= 1,2 ... m, LiFor drill bit source with i-th of three component sensor at a distance from vertical direction, L1For drill bit source and the one or three point Distance of the quantity sensor in vertical direction, L0For three component sensor spacing, X1For the three component sensor depth of burying, X2To open Adopt span length；c1For drill bit source to the linear distance of the first three component sensor, c2It is passed for drill bit source to m three-component The linear distance of sensor；First three component sensor is that three-component nearest with drill bit distance in three component sensor group passes Sensor；N-th three component sensor is that three component sensor farthest with drill bit distance in three component sensor group.
The present invention using the vibration generated when drill bit broken rock in drillng operation as subsurface source, by be mounted on derrick and The sensor acquisition on drilling rod top transmits the drill vibration signal to come up, and one by being mounted on tunnel lateral wall group three by drilling rod Component sensor detects the direct wave and back wave of the bit signal through coming on earth-layer propagation simultaneously, can predict in real time in front of drill bit The details of stratigraphic structure, predicted anomaly formation pore fluid pressure reduce drilling risk, determine the best decentralization depth of casing.
The jth three component sensor depth of burying in three component sensor group is become into X3, j≤m；X3> X1；When jth three is divided When quantity sensor receives reflection wave signal, illustrate that effective search coverage has isomers；Then:
Then b3, b4, c5, τ5, τ6, Y0It can 3. be acquired by equation group:
Wherein: Y0For isomers diameter；1≤j≤n；τ5It is the received drill bit source signal of jth three component sensor in γ5 Direction back wave hourage, τ6It is the received drill bit source signal of jth three component sensor in γ4When direction back wave is travelled Between, Δ t5For the received γ of jth three component sensor5Direction back wave hourage and drill bit source signal are when drill string is propagated Between time difference, Δ t6For the received γ of jth three component sensor4Direction back wave hourage is boring with drill bit source signal The time difference in column propagation time, b3For γ5Direction jth three component sensor is to bad isomers interface distance, b4For γ4Direction Jth three component sensor is to bad isomers interface distance, c5For drill bit source to the linear distance of jth three component sensor； γ5For the back wave and horizontal direction angle of the received isomers coboundary of jth three component sensor, γ4For jth three-component biography The back wave and horizontal direction angle of the received isomers lower boundary of sensor.
The beneficial effect of drilling focus variable depth sensor detection rock parameter method of the present invention is: the present invention Using the vibration generated when drill bit broken rock in drillng operation as subsurface source, by the sensing for being mounted on derrick and drilling rod top Device acquisition transmits the drill vibration signal to come up by drilling rod, and one by being mounted on tunnel lateral wall group of three component sensor is simultaneously The direct wave and back wave of bit signal of the detection through coming on earth-layer propagation can predict the thin of drill bit earth layer in front construction in real time Section, abnormal stratum pore fluid pressure reduce drilling risk, determine the best decentralization depth of casing, for improving drilling engineering Safety has very important significance with benefit；The present invention is at low cost, easy to implement, can be widely applied to coal mine, field oil gas The fields such as exploration, tunnel construction and seismic survey.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that drilling focus variable depth sensor of the present invention detects rock parameter method schematic.
Fig. 2 is the detection principle figure when direct wave stroke directions isomer-free.
Fig. 3 is that the jth three component sensor Aj depth of burying in three component sensor group is become X3Detection principle figure.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the focus variable depth sensor that drills detects rock parameter method, includes the following steps:
Step 1: being arranged wave detector B in drill string tail end, for receiving drill bit transmitted wave；
Step 2: by three component sensor group A1, A2 ... ..., Am, Am+1 ... ..., An setting is in tunnel lateral wall, three points Quantity sensor can detect direct wave and back wave simultaneously；
Step 3: starting drilling machine；
Step 4: drill bit source is sent to by the vibration signal that drill string transmits by wireless transmitter module by wave detector B Explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host；Three component sensor group A1, A2 ... ..., Am ... ..., An by the direct wave received and/or Back wave is sent to explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host by wireless transmitter module；
Step 5: explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host is analyzed and processed the data received,
Obtain detection conclusion；Data Analysis Services carry out as follows:
When direct wave stroke directions isomer-free, first to m three component sensor A1~Am receives drill bit source The direct wave of signal, m+1 to n-th three component sensor Am+1~An do not receive direct wave；Then: c1, c2, τ1, τ2, Li, can 1. to be acquired by equation group:
Wherein: τ1For the drill bit source signal direct wave hourage that the first three component sensor A1 is received, τ2For m The source signal direct wave hourage that three component sensor Am is received；t1Exist for the received drill bit source signal of wave detector B The propagation time of drill string；Δt1For the first three component sensor A1 received drill bit source signal direct wave hourage and drill bit Source signal is in the time difference in drill string propagation time, Δ t2It is through for the received drill bit source signal of m three component sensor Am In the time difference in the propagation time of drill string, i is the sensing arranged from face to lateral wall for wave hourage and drill bit source signal Device serial number, i=1,2 ... m, LiFor drill bit source with i-th of three component sensor at a distance from vertical direction, L1For drill bit source With the first three component sensor A1 at a distance from vertical direction, L0For three component sensor spacing, X1It is embedded for three component sensor Depth, X2To exploit span length；c1For drill bit source to the linear distance of the first three component sensor A1, c2For drill bit source To the linear distance of m three component sensor Am；First three component sensor A1 be three component sensor group in drill bit distance That nearest three component sensor；N-th three component sensor An be in three component sensor group with farthest that of drill bit distance A three component sensor.
The jth three component sensor Aj depth of burying in three component sensor group is become into X3, j≤m；X3> X1；When jth three When component sensor Aj receives reflection wave signal, illustrate that effective search coverage has isomers；Then:
Then b3, b4, c5, τ5, τ6, Y0It can 3. be acquired by equation group:
Wherein: Y0For isomers diameter；1≤j≤n；τ5Exist for the received drill bit source signal of jth three component sensor Aj γ5Direction back wave hourage, τ6It is the received drill bit source signal of jth three component sensor Aj in γ4Direction back wave trip Row time, Δ t5For the received γ of jth three component sensor Aj5Direction back wave hourage and drill bit source signal are in drill string The time difference in propagation time, Δ t6For the received γ of jth three component sensor Aj4Direction back wave hourage and drill bit source Time difference of the signal in the drill string propagation time, b3For γ5Direction jth three component sensor Aj is to bad isomers interface distance, b4 For γ4Direction jth three component sensor Aj is to bad isomers interface distance, c5For drill bit source to jth three component sensor Linear distance；γ5For the back wave and horizontal direction angle of the received isomers coboundary jth three component sensor Aj, γ4For The back wave and horizontal direction angle of the received isomers lower boundary of jth three component sensor Aj.

Claims (1)

1. the focus variable depth sensor that drills detects rock parameter method, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1: being arranged wave detector (B) in drill string tail end, for receiving drill bit transmitted wave；
Step 2: being arranged three component sensor group (A1, A2 ... ..., Am, Am+1 ... ..., An) in tunnel lateral wall, three-component Sensor can detect direct wave and back wave simultaneously；
Step 3: starting drilling machine；
Step 4: wave detector (B) vibration signal that drill bit source is transmitted by drill string is sent to by wireless transmitter module it is anti- Quick-fried geology lateral wall survey meter host；Three component sensor group (A1, A2 ... ..., Am ... ..., An) by the direct wave received and/or Back wave is sent to explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host by wireless transmitter module；
Step 5: explosion-proof geologic lateral wall survey meter host is analyzed and processed the data received, detection conclusion is obtained；Data point Analysis processing carries out as follows:
When direct wave stroke directions isomer-free, first to m three component sensor (A1~Am) receives drill bit source letter Number direct wave, m+1 to the n-th three component sensor (Am+1~An) do not receive direct wave；Then: c1, c2, τ1, τ2, Li, can 1. to be acquired by equation group:
Wherein: τ1For the drill bit source signal direct wave hourage that the first three component sensor (A1) receives, τ2For m tri- The source signal direct wave hourage that component sensor (Am) receives；t1For the received drill bit source signal of wave detector (B) In the propagation time of drill string；Δt1For the first three component sensor (A1) received drill bit source signal direct wave hourage with Drill bit source signal is in the time difference in drill string propagation time, Δ t2For the received drill bit source letter of m three component sensor (Am) In the time difference in the propagation time of drill string, i is to arrange from face to lateral wall for number direct wave hourage and drill bit source signal Sensor serial number, i=1,2 ... m, LiFor drill bit source with i-th of three component sensor at a distance from vertical direction, L1To bore Head focus with the first three component sensor (A1) at a distance from vertical direction, L0For three component sensor spacing, X1For three-component biography The sensor depth of burying, X2To exploit span length；c1For drill bit source to the linear distance of the first three component sensor (A1), c2 For drill bit source to the linear distance of m three component sensor (Am)；First three component sensor (A1) is three component sensor That three component sensor nearest with drill bit distance in group；N-th three component sensor (An) be three component sensor group in That farthest three component sensor of drill bit distance；
Jth three component sensor (Aj) depth of burying in three component sensor group is become into X3, j≤m；X3> X1；When jth three is divided When quantity sensor (Aj) receives reflection wave signal, illustrate that effective search coverage has isomers；Then:
Then b3, b4, c5, τ5, τ6, Y0It can 3. be acquired by equation group:
Wherein: Y0For isomers diameter；1≤j≤n；τ5It is the received drill bit source signal of jth three component sensor (Aj) in γ5 Direction back wave hourage, τ6It is the received drill bit source signal of jth three component sensor (Aj) in γ4Direction back wave trip Row time, Δ t5For jth three component sensor (Aj) received γ5Direction back wave hourage is boring with drill bit source signal The time difference in column propagation time, Δ t6For jth three component sensor (Aj) received γ4Direction back wave hourage and drill bit Time difference of the source signal in the drill string propagation time, b3For γ5Direction jth three component sensor (Aj) arrives bad isomery body interface Distance, b4For γ4Direction jth three component sensor (Aj) arrives bad isomers interface distance, c5Divide for drill bit source to jth three The linear distance of quantity sensor；γ5Back wave and level side for the received isomers coboundary of jth three component sensor (Aj) To angle, γ4For the back wave and horizontal direction angle of the received isomers lower boundary of jth three component sensor (Aj).
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