CN108375787B - Near-bit seismic source nipple for detection before gas drilling - Google Patents
Near-bit seismic source nipple for detection before gas drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN108375787B CN108375787B CN201810174629.6A CN201810174629A CN108375787B CN 108375787 B CN108375787 B CN 108375787B CN 201810174629 A CN201810174629 A CN 201810174629A CN 108375787 B CN108375787 B CN 108375787B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/143—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/02—Generating seismic energy
- G01V1/143—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft
- G01V1/155—Generating seismic energy using mechanical driving means, e.g. motor driven shaft using reciprocating masses
Abstract
The invention relates to a near-bit focus nipple for detecting before gas drilling, which comprises a shell, an upper joint, a gas distribution disc, a cylinder body, an impact hammer, a cutting board and a damping device, wherein the cylinder body is arranged in the shell in a matched manner, the cylinder body comprises an inner wall of the cylinder body, an outer wall of the cylinder body and a magnetic base plate, the impact hammer is arranged between the outer wall of the cylinder body and the inner wall of the cylinder body in a matched manner, the gas distribution disc is arranged on the upper part of the magnetic base plate in a matched manner, and the damping device comprises a first reset spring, a second reset spring, a push rod and a viscoelastic damper and can be used for damping vibration of the cutting board. The vibration source pup joint can generate stable single impact, has small aftershock, can control the impact interval between the front and the rear times and generate continuous impact signals with variable intervals, thereby improving vibration source energy and suppressing noise.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling equipment, in particular to a near-bit seismic source nipple for detecting before gas drilling.
Background
The gas drilling has remarkable advantages in the fields of deep well acceleration and tight sandstone reservoir protection, but the gas drilling has more severe requirements on geological conditions, and stratum instability, water production, drilling tool failure, underground blasting and the like can possibly lead to gas drilling failure, so that the method has extremely important significance in predicting stratum information in front of the drill bit and the distance from the drill bit to the stratum at risk to be drilled in advance. Near-wellbore data obtained based on logging methods, although high resolution formation information is available, the detection range is typically only a few meters. Seismic while drilling techniques may provide a forensic function by identifying reflections caused by pre-drilling geologic formations, deriving acoustic or elastic properties of the formation being drilled and the formation to be drilled. If the miniature controllable seismic source on the seismic exploration is used at the position near a drill bit in the pit, the excitation frequency is high, the energy is strong, the detection range can reach hundreds of meters, and the pre-drilling detection capability is greatly improved.
The existing underground seismic source nipple (ZL 201220125165.8) is a seismic wave generator while drilling, and the seismic source nipple uses a slurry driving impactor to generate a seismic wave signal, so that the seismic source nipple is not suitable for gas drilling. The underground while-drilling seismic source nipple is characterized in that a near-drill bit continuous impact seismic source nipple at the bottom of a gas drilling well (patent number: ZL 201520985386.6), the seismic source nipple can be applied to gas drilling well, but the nipple has a complex structure and a control system, high power consumption, difficulty in adapting to underground special environments, and complex seismic wave signals generated by the nipple are unfavorable for extracting effective reflected wave signals. The underground vibroseis nipple (patent number: CN201711065956. X) for gas drilling underground controllable vibroseis nipple, which uses an electromagnetic valve to control the reciprocating motion of a plunger, has high performance requirement on the electromagnetic valve, and generates complex seismic wave signals, which is unfavorable for extracting effective reflected wave signals. The near-bit seismic source nipple of the gas drilling well can not generate stable single impact signals, and secondary impact phenomenon exists, so that the seismic wave signals are complex and the tail wavelength is not beneficial to identifying effective interface reflected wave signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a near-bit seismic source nipple for detection before gas drilling.
The near-bit seismic source nipple for detection before gas drilling comprises a shell and an upper connector which are connected together, wherein the shell and the upper connector are respectively provided with a cavity A and a cavity B, the cavity A is communicated with the cavity B, and a motor is arranged in the upper connector; the air distribution device comprises a shell, an air distribution disc, an air cylinder body, an impact hammer, a cutting board and a damping device, wherein the air cylinder body comprises an air cylinder body outer wall, an air cylinder body inner wall and a magnetic base plate;
the damping device comprises a first reset spring, a second reset spring, a push rod and a viscoelastic damper, wherein the protruding part is arranged on the inner side of the lower portion of the outer wall of the cylinder body, the viscoelastic damper is arranged on the lower portion of the shell and is connected with the inner wall of the lower portion of the shell through the first reset spring, the upper end face of the viscoelastic damper is fixedly connected with the push rod, the push rod penetrates through the protruding part and is fixedly connected with the middle portion of the second reset spring, one end of the second reset spring is contacted with the upper surface of the protruding part, the second reset spring can stretch out and draw back in a gap between the hammer body and the outer wall of the cylinder body, the upper portion of the viscoelastic damper is provided with a cutting board, the cutting board is connected with the inner wall of the lower portion of the shell through an elastic rod, the elastic rod is at least provided with two holes for the elastic rod to penetrate through, the magnetic substrate is provided with a runner air inlet A and an air cylinder air inlet A, and a runner air cylinder air inlet B are arranged on an air distribution disc.
Preferably, the magnetic substrate is provided with a plurality of flow channel air inlets A and air cylinder air inlets A which are distributed in an annular mode, the distance between the air cylinder air inlets A and the center of the magnetic substrate is larger than the distance between the air channel air inlets A and the center of the magnetic substrate, the air distribution plate is provided with a plurality of flow channel air inlets B and air cylinder air inlets B which are distributed in an annular mode, the distance between the air cylinder air inlets B and the center of the air distribution plate is larger than the distance between the air channel air inlets B and the center of the air distribution plate, the number of the flow channel air inlets A and the number of the air channel air inlets B are equal, the number of the air cylinder air inlets A and the number of the air cylinder air inlets B are equal, the shape of the air channel air inlets A and the air cylinder air inlets B are equal, the distance between the air cylinder air inlets A and the center of the magnetic substrate is equal to the distance between the air cylinder air inlets B and the center of the air distribution plate, and when the flow channel air inlets B and the air channel air inlets A overlap.
The flow passage air inlet A and the flow passage air inlet B are fan-shaped openings, and the air cylinder air inlet A and the air cylinder air inlet B are arc-shaped openings.
The central axis of the magnetic substrate and the central axis of the air distribution disc are on the same straight line.
The middle part of the magnetic substrate is provided with a round bearing hole and is fixedly provided with a round bearing, the middle part of the air distribution disc is provided with a square bearing hole and is fixedly provided with a square bearing, and an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the round bearing and an inner ring of the square bearing respectively.
The inner wall and the outer wall of the cylinder body are made of metal damping materials; the magnetic substrate adopts rare earth permanent magnetic material and metal damping material, and the chopping board adopts high-strength damping material.
The end face of the hammer head of the impact hammer is an arc face, the hammer head is made of high-strength elastic materials, the hammer body is made of metal damping materials, and the magnet is made of rare earth permanent magnet materials.
The inner wall of the shell is provided with an annular groove, and the outer wall of the cylinder body is fixedly arranged in the annular groove.
The viscoelastic damper is a plate-shaped piece, the side wall of the chopping block is contacted with the outer wall of the cylinder body, and openings are formed in the middles of the viscoelastic damper and the chopping block.
The hammer body is of a cylindrical structure, an inner hole is formed in the middle of the hammer body, the inner hole surface is contacted with the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the outer surface of the hammer body is contacted with the outer wall of the cylinder body; the sum of the lengths of the hammer body and the inner wall of the cylinder body is smaller than the length of the outer wall of the cylinder body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the valve disc adopted by the focus nipple is simple to operate, has low power consumption and can be suitable for the underground complex environment of gas drilling.
2. The vibration source nipple adopts the damping device, and when the vibration source nipple impacts, vibration waves are transmitted to the drill bit through the elastic rod, and after the impact is finished, aftershocks generated by the chopping board are attenuated, so that a seismic wave signal with shorter wake waves is generated.
3. The vibration source pup joint adopts the magnet and the reset spring device, the impact hammer can be adsorbed on the magnetic substrate again under the action of the reset spring and the magnet after the impact is finished, the operation is simple and controllable, and the impact repeatability is good; in addition, the reset spring can shorten the impact contact time and prevent secondary impact, so that a stable high-frequency seismic wave signal is generated.
4. The inner wall, the outer wall and the magnetic base plate of the seismic source pup joint cylinder body are made of metal damping materials, vibration generated by the impact of the impact hammer and the magnetic base plate can be remarkably attenuated, and interference on seismic wave signals is reduced.
5. The source nipple can generate single impact and continuous multiple impact. The seismic wave signals generated by single impact are stable, high in frequency and short in wake wave, so that effective interface reflected wave signals can be extracted, and stratum information in front of a drill bit and the distance between the drill bit and a stratum interface can be predicted more accurately; the continuous multiple impacts can generate pulse coding signals with variable intervals, so that the energy of a seismic source is improved, noise is suppressed, and interference is avoided.
6. The focus nipple is not only suitable for roller bit, but also suitable for PDC bit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general assembly structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the impact hammer of the present invention when it strikes the anvil;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the impact hammer according to the present invention after the impact hammer is separated from the magnetic base plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the magnetic substrate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the distribution plate of the present invention;
in the figure, the upper joint, the 2-cylinder air inlet B, the 3-air distribution disc, the 4-magnetic base plate, the 5-hammer body, the 6-second reset spring, the 7-push rod, the 8-cylinder outer wall, the 9-chopping board, the 10-viscoelastic damper, the 11-first reset spring, the 12-elastic rod, the 13-shell, the 14-hammer head, the 15-cylinder inner wall, the 16-magnet, the 17-cylinder air inlet A, the 18-runner air inlet A, the 19-gap, the 20-conical threads, the 21-motor, the 22-runner air inlet B, the 23-round bearing hole, the 24-square bearing hole and the 25-protruding part are arranged.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a near-bit seismic source nipple for detecting before gas drilling comprises a shell 13 and an upper joint 1 which are connected together, wherein the shell 13 and the upper joint 1 are respectively provided with a cavity A and a cavity B which are communicated with each other and are communicated with each other, the section of the cavity A is circular, a gas distribution disc 3, a cylinder body, an impact hammer, a chopping block 9 and a damping device are arranged in the cavity A of the shell 13, the shell 13 is connected with the upper joint 1 through a conical thread 20, and the sealing performance is good by utilizing the conical thread connection, so that gas leakage can be effectively prevented.
The cylinder block is installed in shell 1, the cylinder block includes cylinder block outer wall 8, cylinder block inner wall 15 and magnetic force base plate 4, on cylinder block outer wall 8 and cavity A cooperation and fixed shell 13, magnetic force base plate 4 fixed connection is on cylinder block outer wall 8 upper portion, and the direction of magnetic force base plate 4 is perpendicular with the direction of cylinder block outer wall 8, cylinder block inner wall 15 is fixed in one side of magnetic force base plate 4, the jump bit cooperation is installed between cylinder block outer wall 8 and cylinder block inner wall 15, the jump bit can make reciprocating motion in the cylinder block under the effect of gas, first reset spring 11 and second reset spring 6. The inner wall of the shell 13 is provided with an annular groove, and the outer wall 8 of the cylinder body is fixedly arranged in the annular groove.
The impact hammer comprises a hammer body 5, a hammer head 14 and a magnet 16, wherein the magnet 16 is embedded at one end of the hammer body 5, which is close to the magnetic base plate 4, the hammer head 14 is fixed at the other end of the hammer body 5, a step is arranged on the outer side of the hammer body 5, a gap 19 is formed between the hammer body 5 and the outer wall 8 of the cylinder body, the end face of the hammer head 14 of the impact hammer is an arc face, and the hammer body 5 is made of a metal damping material and can remarkably attenuate vibration generated by impact of the hammer head. The hammer head 14 is made of arc-shaped high-strength elastic material, the contact area of the impact is fixed, the contact time of the impact is short, and the stable high-frequency earthquake wave signal can be generated; the hammer body 5 is made of metal damping materials, the magnet 16 is made of rare earth permanent magnet materials, and the attraction of the magnet 16 is ensured to be larger than the gravity of the impact hammer; the magnetic substrate 4 adopts a metal damping material and a rare earth permanent magnet material, and the magnetic substrate 4 can be formed by mixing the two materials or by combining the two materials singly.
As shown in fig. 4, 4 runner air inlets a18 are formed on the inner circumference of the magnetic substrate 4, 4 cylinder air inlets a17 are formed on the outer circumference, a round bearing hole 23 is formed at the center of the circle, and the impact hammer can be adsorbed on the magnetic substrate 4 under the action of magnetic force. The hammer body 5 is of a cylindrical structure, an inner hole is formed in the middle of the hammer body 5, the inner hole surface is in contact with the inner wall 15 of the cylinder body, and the outer surface of the hammer body 5 is in contact with the outer wall 8 of the cylinder body; the sum of the lengths of the hammer 5 and the cylinder block inner wall 15 is smaller than the length of the cylinder block outer wall 8. In the working process, the hammer body 5 of the impact hammer breaks away from the magnetic base plate 4 due to vibration, but the hammer body 5 is always kept in contact with the inner wall 15 of the cylinder body, so that the top surface of the hammer body 5 is ensured to be above the bottom surface of the inner wall 15 of the cylinder body, the hammer body 5 is ensured to be driven by gas, and the source nipple works normally.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the air distribution disc 3 is arranged on the upper side of the magnetic substrate 4, the side surface of the magnetic substrate 4 is contacted with the side surface of the air distribution disc 3, and the central axis of the magnetic substrate 4 and the central axis of the air distribution disc 3 are on the same straight line. The middle part of the magnetic base plate 4 is provided with a round bearing hole 23 and is fixedly provided with a round bearing, the middle part of the air distribution disc 3 is provided with a square bearing hole 24 and is fixedly provided with a square bearing, and an output shaft of the motor 21 is fixedly connected with the round bearing and an inner ring of the square bearing respectively; the air distribution plate 3 is made of low-carbon alloy steel, 4 flow passage air inlets B22 are formed in the inner circumference of the air distribution plate 3, 4 air cylinder air inlets B2 are formed in the outer circumference of the air distribution plate, square bearing holes 24 are formed in the circle center, the flow passage air inlets B22 in the inner circumference of the air distribution plate 3 are identical in shape and size with the flow passage air inlets A18 in the inner circumference of the magnetic substrate 4, and the air cylinder air inlets B2 in the outer circumference of the air distribution plate 3 are identical in shape and size with the air cylinder air inlets A17 in the outer circumference of the magnetic substrate 4; the distance between the flow passage air inlet A18 and the center of the magnetic substrate 4 is equal to the distance between the flow passage air inlet B22 and the center of the air distribution disc 3, the distance between the cylinder air inlet A17 and the center of the magnetic substrate 4 is equal to the distance between the cylinder air inlet B2 and the center of the air distribution disc 3, and when the flow passage air inlet B22 and the flow passage air inlet A18 are overlapped, the cylinder air inlet A17 and the cylinder air inlet B2 are not overlapped. The flow passage air inlet A18 and the flow passage air inlet B22 are fan-shaped openings, and the cylinder air inlet A17 and the cylinder air inlet B2 are arc-shaped openings.
The motor 21 drives the air distribution disc 3 to rotate for a certain angle through a bearing, so that the flow channel air inlet B22 is aligned with the flow channel air inlet A18 on the magnetic substrate, and the normal circulation of air in the drill rod can be ensured; the motor 21 makes the air cylinder air inlet B2 aligned with the air cylinder air inlet A17 on the magnetic base plate 4 by driving the air distribution plate 3 to rotate for a certain angle, and the air in the drill rod can drive the impact hammer to impact the chopping board 9, so that the chopping board 9 is prevented from deforming when impacted, and the aftershock of the chopping board can be attenuated.
The damping device comprises a first reset spring 11, a second reset spring 6, a push rod 7 and a viscoelastic damper 10, wherein a protruding part 25 is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the outer wall 8 of the cylinder body, the viscoelastic damper 10 is arranged on the lower part of the outer shell 13 and is connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the outer shell 13 through the first reset spring 11, the push rod 7 is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the viscoelastic damper 10, the push rod 7 penetrates through the protruding part 25 and is fixedly connected with the middle part of the second reset spring 6, one end of the second reset spring 6 is contacted with the upper surface of the protruding part 25, the second reset spring 6 can stretch out and draw back at a gap 19 between the hammer body 5 and the outer wall 8 of the cylinder body, the chopping block 9 is arranged on the upper part of the viscoelastic damper 10, the chopping block 9 is connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the outer shell 13 through an elastic rod 12, the elastic rod 12 is at least two holes for the elastic rod 12 to penetrate through, the viscoelastic damper 10 is a plate-shaped piece, the side wall of the chopping block 9 is contacted with the outer wall 8 of the cylinder body, and the middle part of the viscoelastic damper chopping block 10 and 9 is provided with openings. When the impact hammer compresses the return spring 6 to a certain extent, the push rod 7 is driven to separate the viscoelastic damper 10 from the chopping board 9, and the chopping board 9 is impacted to generate vibration waves, the vibration waves are transmitted to the front of the drill bit through the elastic rod 12, then the impact hammer is re-adsorbed onto the magnetic substrate 4 under the action of the first return spring 11 and the second return spring 6, and the viscoelastic damper 10 is re-adsorbed onto the chopping board 9 under the action of the return spring 11, so that the vibration of the chopping board 9 is attenuated.
As shown in fig. 1, when the impact hammer inside the nipple is not required to move, the motor 21 drives the air distribution disc 3 to rotate by a certain angle, so that the runner air inlet B22 on the ring in the air distribution disc 3 is aligned with the runner air inlet a18 of the magnetic substrate 4, normal circulation of air is ensured, and normal drilling operation is not influenced.
The working process of the invention is as follows: when the drill bit drills into the stratum needing pre-drilling prediction, the drill bit stops drilling and applies enough bit pressure to the drill bit, so that the drill bit is prevented from being decoupled from the stratum under the action of strong impact force of the impact hammer, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The motor 21 drives the air distribution disc 3 to rotate for a certain angle, so that an air cylinder air inlet B2 on an outer circular ring of the air distribution disc 3 is aligned with an air cylinder air inlet A17 on the magnetic substrate 4, when the air inlet pressure is greater than the magnet suction force, the impact hammer rapidly knocks the chopping board 9, the push rod 7 is driven to separate the viscoelastic damper 10 from the chopping board 9, and vibration waves generated by knocking the chopping board 9 are transmitted to the front of the drill bit through the elastic rod 12 for predicting formation information before drilling; the impact hammer is then re-attracted to the magnetic substrate 4 under the action of the first return spring 11 and the second return spring 6, and the viscoelastic damper 10 is re-attracted to the anvil 9 under the action of the return spring 11, damping the vibrations of the anvil 9. If the continuous multiple impact signals are required to be generated, the rotating speed of the air distribution disc 3 can be controlled through the motor 21, so that the impact hammer continuously impacts the chopping board 9 for multiple times, and variable-interval pulse coding signals are generated, thereby improving the energy of a seismic source, suppressing noise and avoiding interference.
As shown in fig. 3, if the impact hammer breaks away from the magnetic substrate 4 due to the vibration in the pit, the motor 21 drives the air distribution disc 3 to rotate by a certain angle, so that the air cylinder air inlet B2 on the outer ring of the air distribution disc 3 is aligned with the air cylinder air inlet a17 on the magnetic substrate 4, the air-driven impact hammer compresses the second return spring 6, and the impact hammer can be adsorbed on the magnetic substrate 4 again under the action of the second return spring 6, thereby ensuring the stability of impact.
In particular, when the invention is used, the near-bit seismic source nipple is connected between the bit and the downhole power drilling tool, and is lowered into the well together with the bit and the downhole drilling tool combination. Before drilling to a section needing exploration while drilling, a near-bit seismic source generator is set to generate seismic wave frequency and amplitude meeting the requirements of seismic exploration according to site data such as well depth, well diameter, stratum pressure, power of an air compressor, gas injection pressure and the like, and lithology of a stratum to be drilled, stratum pressure information and distance information of a drill bit to lithology interface are predicted.
Claims (8)
1. The near-bit focus nipple for detecting before gas drilling is characterized by comprising a shell (13) and an upper joint (1) which are connected together, wherein the shell (13) and the upper joint (1) are respectively provided with a cavity A and a cavity B, the cavity A is communicated with the cavity B, and a motor (21) is arranged in the upper joint (1); an air distribution disc (3), a cylinder body, an impact hammer, a cutting board (9) and a damping device are arranged in a cavity A of the shell (13), the cylinder body comprises a cylinder body outer wall (8), a cylinder body inner wall (15) and a magnetic base plate (4), the cylinder body outer wall (8) is matched with the cavity A and is fixed on the shell (13), the magnetic base plate (4) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the cylinder body outer wall (8), the direction of the magnetic base plate (4) is perpendicular to the direction of the cylinder body outer wall (8), the cylinder body inner wall (15) is fixed on one side of the magnetic base plate (4), the other side of the magnetic base plate (4) is provided with the air distribution disc (3), the side surface of the magnetic base plate (4) is contacted with the side surface of the air distribution disc (3), the air distribution disc (3) is connected with an output shaft of a motor (21) through a bearing, the impact hammer for reciprocating motion is mounted between the cylinder body outer wall (8) and the cylinder body inner wall (15), the impact hammer comprises a hammer body (5), a hammer head (14) and a magnet (16), the magnet (16) is embedded at one end of the hammer body (5) close to the magnetic base plate (4), the other end of the hammer body (5) is fixed on the side of the hammer body (14), a gap (19) is formed between the hammer body (5) and the outer wall (8) of the cylinder body;
the damping device comprises a first reset spring (11), a second reset spring (6), a push rod (7) and a viscoelastic damper (10), wherein a protruding part (25) is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the outer wall (8) of the cylinder body, the viscoelastic damper (10) is arranged on the lower part of the shell (13) and is connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the shell (13) through the first reset spring (11), the push rod (7) is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the viscoelastic damper (10), the push rod (7) penetrates through the protruding part (25) and is fixedly connected with the middle part of the second reset spring (6), one end of the second reset spring (6) is contacted with the upper surface of the protruding part (25), the second reset spring (6) can stretch out and draw back in a gap (19) between the hammer body (5) and the outer wall (8) of the cylinder body, the upper part of the viscoelastic damper (10) is provided with a cutting board (9), the cutting board (9) is connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the shell (13) through an elastic rod (12), the elastic rod (12) is at least provided with two, the elastic rod (12) is provided with a magnetic force for the elastic rod (10) to penetrate through an air inlet (17A) of the air inlet (18), a runner air inlet B (22) and a cylinder air inlet B (2) are arranged on the air distribution disc (3);
the magnetic base plate (4) is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed runner air inlets A (18) and cylinder air inlets A (17), the distance between the centers of the cylinder air inlets A (17) and the magnetic base plate (4) is larger than the distance between the centers of the runner air inlets A (18) and the magnetic base plate (4), the air distribution plate (3) is provided with a plurality of annularly distributed runner air inlets B (22) and cylinder air inlets B (2), the distance between the centers of the cylinder air inlets B (2) and the air distribution plate (3) is larger than the distance between the centers of the runner air inlets B (22) and the air distribution plate (3), the number of the runner air inlets A (18) and the runner air inlets B (22) is equal, the shape of the cylinder air inlets A (17) and the cylinder air inlets B (2) is the same, the distance between the centers of the runner air inlets A (18) and the magnetic base plate (4) is equal to the distance between the centers of the runner air inlets B (22) and the air distribution plate (3), and the distance between the centers of the cylinder air inlets A (17) and the centers of the magnetic base plate (4) is equal to the distance between the air inlets B (2) and the centers of the air inlets B (3) and the air inlets B (22) and the centers of the air inlets B (18) and the air inlets (17) are not coincident with the air inlets A (17). The central axis of the magnetic substrate (4) and the central axis of the air distribution disc (3) are on the same straight line.
2. A near-bit seismic source sub for pre-drilling detection according to claim 1, wherein the runner inlet a (18) and the runner inlet B (22) are fan-shaped openings, and the cylinder inlet a (17) and the cylinder inlet B (2) are circular-arc-shaped openings.
3. The near-bit seismic source nipple for gas drilling pre-drilling detection according to claim 1, wherein a round bearing hole (23) is formed in the middle of the magnetic base plate (4) and fixedly installed with a round bearing, a square bearing hole (24) is formed in the middle of the gas distribution disc (3) and fixedly installed with a square bearing, and an output shaft of the motor (21) is fixedly connected with the round bearing and an inner ring of the square bearing respectively.
4. The near-bit seismic source nipple for pre-drilling detection of gas drilling according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall (15) and the outer wall (8) of the cylinder block are made of metal damping materials; the magnetic substrate (4) adopts rare earth permanent magnet material and metal damping material, and the chopping board (9) adopts high-strength damping material.
5. The near-bit seismic source nipple for gas drilling pre-drilling detection according to claim 1, wherein the end face of a hammer head (14) of the impact hammer is an arc surface, the hammer head (14) is made of high-strength elastic materials, the hammer body (5) is made of metal damping materials, and the magnet (16) is made of rare earth permanent magnet materials.
6. A near-bit seismic source nipple for gas drilling pre-drilling detection according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wall of the housing (13) is provided with an annular groove, and the cylinder outer wall (8) is fixedly mounted in the annular groove.
7. The near-bit seismic source nipple for gas drilling pre-drilling detection according to claim 1, wherein the viscoelastic damper (10) is a plate-shaped piece, the side wall of the chopping block (9) is in contact with the outer wall (8) of the cylinder body, and openings are formed in the viscoelastic damper (10) and the middle of the chopping block (9).
8. The near-bit seismic source nipple for gas drilling pre-drilling detection according to claim 1, wherein the hammer body (5) is of a cylindrical structure, an inner hole is formed in the middle of the hammer body (5), the inner hole surface is in contact with the inner wall (15) of the cylinder body, and the outer surface of the hammer body (5) is in contact with the outer wall (8) of the cylinder body; the sum of the lengths of the hammer body (5) and the cylinder body inner wall (15) is smaller than the length of the cylinder body outer wall (8).
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