CN101315428B - High resolution prospecting method of large-ventage clastic rock deposition stratum based on horizontal wave velocity - Google Patents
High resolution prospecting method of large-ventage clastic rock deposition stratum based on horizontal wave velocity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-resolution exploration method for high-porosity clastic rock sedimentary pile based on transverse wave velocity in geophysical exploration. The method adopts the following steps: the longitudinal wave velocity and the transverse wave velocity of a logged well are intersected with the natural gamma-logging curve of the logged well; the high natural gamma value section and the low natural gamma value section are determined; straight lines are distributed at the intersection point of the high natural gamma value section and the low natural gamma value section, and according to the intercept and the gradient of the straight lines and the intersection points and the inclination angles between the straight lines and the coordinate axis, the relational expression between the longitudinal wave velocity and the transverse wave velocity of the sandstone section and the relational expression between the longitudinal wave velocity and the transverse wave velocity of the mudstone section are obtained; the transverse wave velocity of the high and the low natural gamma value sections is calculated, and the initial model of the longitudinal wave velocity and the initial model of the transverse wave velocity of the seismic working area are built; and wave impedance inversion is performed to the seismic working area by using the initial model of the longitudinal wave velocity and the initial model of the transverse wave velocity and by adopting a conventional method, so as to obtain the ratio of the longitudinal wave velocity to the transverse wave velocity of the seismic working area and to divide the lithologic characters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical exploration technology, be a kind of under the situation that lacks full wave train log and vertical seismic profile log method (VSP) data the high resolution prospecting method based on the high hole petroclastic rock of shear wave velocity.
Background technology
Three-dimensional 3-component earthquake exploration relates to the seismic event of types such as compressional wave, shear wave and transformed wave.Three-dimensional 3-component earthquake exploration is not only relevant with geological data, and needs the cooperation of full wave train log or VSP well-log information, obtaining higher stratum recognition capability in the vertical, and main formation at target locations is demarcated.Because the geological data that three-dimensional 3-component earthquake exploration is obtained has three or more components, therefore in three-dimensional 3-component earthquake DATA PROCESSING and interpretation process, not only need conventional logging data (based on the velocity of longitudinal wave logging trace), and need SWAL data (based on the Shear Wave Velocity Well Logging curve).
Logging technology is called the geophysical well logging technology again, is a kind of important means of downhole oil gas exploration, is the various physical messages of using the apparatus measures stratum of physical propertys such as reflect heat, sound, electricity, light, magnetic and nuclear activity in the probing well; By these information are carried out data processing and explanation by connecting each other between separately physical principle and they, distinguish porosity, perviousness and fluid properties and the distribution thereof of subsurface rock, be used to find hydrocarbon-bearing pool, assessment oil and gas reserves and output thereof.Logging technology also has been widely used in oil-gas field development and drilling engineering.Logging technology is still explored the important method and the effective means of mineral resources such as coal, salt, sulphur, gypsum, metal, underground heat, underground water, radioactivity, and expands to the application in fields such as engineering geology, disaster geology, ecologic environment.Logging technology is geology man and hydrocarbon-bearing pool Developmental Engineer " eyes " in the reservoir exploration exploitation, and the well-log information that obtains by well logging is the scientific basis of logging evaluation, geological research and hydrocarbon-bearing pool exploitation.
Logging technology commonly used at present comprises acoustic logging, electrical log, radioactivity well logging, imaging logging etc.The logging technology relevant with formation velocity comprises conventional acoustic logging, sound wave full wave train log, vertical seismic profile log (VSP) etc.
Because there are factors such as complicated operation, cost height, production cycle length in sound wave full wave train log or VSP well logging, the shear wave velocity data is difficult for obtaining, and causes utilizing the compressional wave well-log information that the shear wave earthquake data is demarcated.Therefore, estimating shear wave velocity information exactly from the compressional wave well-log information of routine, is significant for the three-dimensional 3-component earthquake exploration work area that lacks the SWAL data.
Present most widely used shear wave velocity evaluation method is the method that Castanga proposes.The core of this method is the Castanga formula.This method hypothesis velocity of longitudinal wave is not influenced by fluid and hydrocarbon saturation, and has linear relationship between velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity.But actual conditions are velocity of longitudinal waves, and influenced by pore fluid in the stratum very big, and shear wave velocity is influenced by it hardly, and therefore the relation of utilizing linear relationship to describe velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity can cause very big error.The Castanga formula is only applicable to estimate shear wave velocity in low hole clastic deposited sediments stratum, when factor of porosity increases and the shear wave velocity of in the understressed sand reservoir, being asked on the low side.
Therefore, the Castanga formula can not satisfy soft formation, fluid-bearing formations and carbonate formation, and only the relation of describing between velocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity with linear relationship is inaccurate.To from conventional acoustic logging data, obtain shear wave velocity as far as possible exactly, need improve the Castanga formula according to geologic condition and stratum sedimentation type, utilize new improvement algorithm to estimate shear wave velocity then, and utilize shear wave velocity to ask for the p-and s-wave velocity ratio in three-dimensional 3-component earthquake work area, utilize velocity ratio to carry out lithology classification at last.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of high resolution prospecting method based on the high hole petroclastic rock of shear wave velocity at soft formation, fluid-bearing formations and carbonate formation lithology classification.
The invention provides following technical scheme:
The present invention includes following concrete steps:
(1) adopts full wave train log or vertical seismic profile log (VSP) record a bite well or many mouthfuls of well velocity of longitudinal waves and shear wave velocity;
(2) the natural gamma curve intersection of velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and the well logging of well logging is arranged;
(3) according to the gathering of plotted point and distribute definite sandstone and the pairing GR value of mud stone separation;
(4) determine high GR value section and low GR value section;
(5) distribute according to high GR value section and low GR value section plotted point and do two straight lines, the velocity of longitudinal wave that obtains the sandstone section according to the intercept and the slope of two straight lines and the velocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity relational expression of shear wave velocity relational expression and mud stone section;
(6) adopt following formula to carry out shear wave velocity calculating respectively in high GR value section and low GR value section:
High GR value section shear wave velocity computing formula is:
V
s＝a1*V
p+a2+a3(γ-γ
0)
In the formula, V
pBe velocity of longitudinal wave, V
S1Be the shear wave velocity of high GR value section, γ is the GR value, and a1, a2, a3 are constant, γ
0Be the GR threshold value;
Low GR value section shear wave velocity computing formula is:
V
s＝b1*V
p+b2+b3(γ-γ
0)
In the formula, V
pBe velocity of longitudinal wave, V
S2Be the shear wave velocity of low GR value section, γ is the GR value, and b1, b2, b3 are constant, γ
0Be the GR threshold value;
(7) utilize above-mentioned shear wave velocity in conjunction with the velocity of longitudinal wave of actual measurement, velocity of longitudinal wave initial model and the shear wave velocity initial model that the density logging data is set up the earthquake work area;
(8) adopt conventional method that wave impedance inversion is carried out in the earthquake work area with velocity of longitudinal wave initial model and shear wave velocity initial model, ask for the p-and s-wave velocity ratio in earthquake work area and divide lithology.
The present invention also provides following technical scheme:
Step (2) intersection arrange be with plotted point with different symbology natural gamma curve values, be aligned to abscissa axis and represent velocity of longitudinal wave, axis of ordinates is represented in the coordinate system of shear wave velocity.
The high value plotted point of the described natural gamma curve of step (2) is that the lithology of sedimentary formation is a mud stone, and the low value plotted point of natural gamma curve is that the lithology of sedimentary formation is a sandstone.
Described definite sandstone of step (3) and mud stone GR value separation are meant along velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity aggregation zone makes straight line, and five equilibrium remakes the 3rd straight line, the GR value of the plotted point of the 3rd straight line process between two straight lines.
The present invention is applicable to the petroclastic rock area, the shear wave velocity curve that is obtained is fine with actual measurement shear wave velocity curves, compare with the castanga formula of standard, reflected the relation between velocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity more realistically, the p-and s-wave velocity specific energy that draws is accurately discerned formation lithology and oily situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the velocity of longitudinal wave (Vp) and shear wave velocity (Vs) graph of a relation of the high GR value interval among the present invention.In the drawings, straight line is represented the regression curve of velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity.
Fig. 2 is the velocity of longitudinal wave (Vp) and shear wave velocity (Vs) graph of a relation of the low GR value interval among the present invention.In the drawings, straight line is represented the regression curve of velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity.
Fig. 3 utilizes formula provided by the present invention shear wave velocity that calculates and the comparison diagram of surveying the Shear Wave Velocity Well Logging curve.In the drawings, the centre is a measured curve, and the left side is a standard castanga formula, and the right is the shear wave velocity that formula of the present invention calculated.
Fig. 4 is enough formation lithology and the oily distribution situations accurately discerned of p-and s-wave velocity specific energy of utilizing the shear wave velocity obtained to obtain.
Embodiment
Logging technology of the present invention is called the geophysical well logging technology again, is a kind of important means of downhole oil gas exploration, is the various physical messages of using the apparatus measures stratum of physical propertys such as reflect heat, sound, electricity, light, magnetic and nuclear activity in the probing well; By these information are carried out data processing and explanation by connecting each other between separately physical principle and they, distinguish porosity, perviousness and fluid properties and the distribution thereof of subsurface rock, be used to find hydrocarbon-bearing pool, assessment oil and gas reserves and output thereof.
Full wave train log data of the present invention (comprise VSP well logging) is meant the speed of utilizing Mintrop wave and subsequent flows bulk wave in the long space acoustic wave device record well, amplitude, frequency, waveform envelope etc. and the closely-related information of formation properties, therefrom information such as the compressional wave of Ti Quing, shear wave, Stoneley wave.
Castanga formula of the present invention is meant by people such as Castanga and proposes, and is called the ArcpMudrock curve again, description be linear relationship between velocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity, be shown below: Vs=a1Vp+a2, in the formula, a1, a2 are empirical constant, and its value of different regions is different.
X plot of the present invention is meant that two kinds of logging trace values with same depth point or degree of depth section are presented in the planar graph according to certain proportionate relationship, the plotted point of the different logging traces of each the some representative log value on the boring same depth in the planar graph.X plot is used for the characteristic of logging trace is added up.
The high resolution prospecting method of the high hole petroclastic rock based on the shear wave velocity estimating techniques of the present invention, embodiment is:
(1) full wave train log or VSP well logging are carried out in the area that will need, the record material situation is added up, and therefrom selects the higher well of those logging qualities and participates in velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity relation statistics, can select a bite well or many mouthfuls of wells.
(2) velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and the natural gamma curve with the well selected shows with the form of X plot simultaneously.On X plot, abscissa axis is represented velocity of longitudinal wave, and axis of ordinates is represented shear wave velocity, the height of the color showing natural gamma curve value of the plotted point on the X plot.Generally speaking, the high value of red expression natural gamma curve, the lithology of general proxy sedimentary formation is a mud stone, the low value of blue expression natural gamma curve, the lithology of general proxy sedimentary formation is a sandstone.
(3) separation of from X plot, delimiting sandstone and the pairing GR value of mud stone according to the gathering situation and the color distribution situation of plotted point, promptly on two big accumulation area main shafts, draw straight line, the 3rd straight line that draw in the centre of these two straight lines, this straight line the GR value of plotted point of process be exactly the separation of sandstone and mud stone.
(4) determine high GR value section and low GR value section according to the separation of GR value.
(5) obtain the velocity of longitudinal wave of sandstone section and the velocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity relation formula of shear wave velocity relation formula and mud stone section in high GR value section and low GR value section respectively.
(6) adopting different formula to carry out shear wave velocity respectively in high GR value section and low GR value section calculates.
(7) utilize the shear wave velocity, existing velocity of longitudinal wave and the density logging data that calculate to set up the velocity of longitudinal wave initial model and the shear wave velocity initial model in three-dimensional 3-component earthquake work area.
(8) utilize the velocity of longitudinal wave initial model in three-dimensional 3-component earthquake work area and shear wave velocity initial model that three-dimensional 3-component earthquake data is carried out wave impedance inversion, and utilize inversion result to ask for the p-and s-wave velocity ratio in three-dimensional 3-component earthquake work area, utilize velocity ratio to carry out lithology classification then.
The present invention utilizes the full wave train log data (su31-19 well) in E Erduosi basin Soviet Union league (unit of length) gas field to make X plot, and the GR value separation of determining this district is 90 (unit is API).
Utilize the full wave train log data in E Erduosi basin Soviet Union league (unit of length) gas field to determine that two formula in this district are:
(1) velocity of longitudinal wave (Vp) of high GR value interval and shear wave velocity (Vs) relation formula (Fig. 1), V
S1=0.7478*V
p-882.46+1.1 (γ-90), in the formula, V
pBe velocity of longitudinal wave, V
S1Be the shear wave velocity of high GR value interval, γ is the GR value, and a1, a2, a3 are constant, γ
0Be the GR threshold value, it should be noted that b1, b2, b3 and γ under different geologic conditions
0For being different, need to obtain according to full wave train log data or VSP well-log information.
(2) velocity of longitudinal wave (Vp) of low GR value interval and shear wave velocity (Vs) relation formula (Fig. 2), V
S2=0.7639*V
p+ 2540.6+1.1 (γ-90), in the formula, V
pBe velocity of longitudinal wave, V
S2Be the shear wave velocity of low GR value interval, γ is the GR value, and b1, b2, b3 are constant, γ
0Be the GR threshold value, it should be noted that b1, b2, b3 and γ under different geologic conditions
0For being different, need to obtain according to full wave train log data or VSP well-log information.
Above method can obtain shear wave velocity (Fig. 3) from the compressional wave well-log information.In Fig. 3, middle curve is SWAL speed (obtaining from full wave train log), the shear wave velocity of left side curve for being obtained according to the castanga formula, and the right curve is the shear wave velocity that utilizes this method to obtain.From the comparison diagram of above three curves, can see, the shear wave velocity that utilizes shear wave velocity beguine that this method obtains to be obtained according to the castanga formula wants much accurate, enough formation lithology and the oily situations (Fig. 4) accurately discerned of p-and s-wave velocity specific energy of utilizing the shear wave velocity that obtained to obtain thus.
Claims (4)
1. high resolution prospecting method based on the high hole petroclastic rock of shear wave velocity is characterized in that comprising following concrete steps:
(1) adopts full wave train log or vertical seismic profile log (VSP) record a bite well or many mouthfuls of well velocity of longitudinal waves and shear wave velocity;
(2) the natural gamma curve intersection of velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity and the well logging of well logging is arranged;
(3) according to the gathering of plotted point and distribute definite sandstone and the pairing GR value of mud stone separation;
(4) determine high GR value section and low GR value section;
(5) distribute according to high GR value section and low GR value section plotted point and do two straight lines, the velocity of longitudinal wave that obtains the sandstone section according to the intercept and the slope of two straight lines and the velocity of longitudinal wave and the shear wave velocity relational expression of shear wave velocity relational expression and mud stone section;
(6) adopt following formula to carry out shear wave velocity calculating respectively in high GR value section and low GR value section:
High GR value section shear wave velocity computing formula is:
V
s1＝a1*V
p+a2+a3(γ-γ
0)
In the formula, V
pBe velocity of longitudinal wave, V
S1Be the shear wave velocity of high GR value section, γ is the GR value, and a1, a2, a3 are constant, γ
0Be the GR threshold value;
Low GR value section shear wave velocity computing formula is:
V
s2＝b1*V
p+b2+b3(γ-γ
0)
In the formula, V
pBe velocity of longitudinal wave, V
S2Be the shear wave velocity of low GR value section, γ is the GR value, and b1, b2, b3 are constant, γ
0Be the GR threshold value;
(7) utilize above-mentioned shear wave velocity in conjunction with the velocity of longitudinal wave of actual measurement, velocity of longitudinal wave initial model and the shear wave velocity initial model that the density logging data is set up the earthquake work area;
(8) adopt conventional method that wave impedance inversion is carried out in the earthquake work area with velocity of longitudinal wave initial model and shear wave velocity initial model, ask for the p-and s-wave velocity ratio in earthquake work area and divide lithology.
2. the high resolution prospecting method of the high hole petroclastic rock based on shear wave velocity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (2) intersection arrange be with plotted point with different symbology natural gamma curve values, be aligned to abscissa axis and represent that velocity of longitudinal wave, axis of ordinates represent in the coordinate system of shear wave velocity.
3. the high resolution prospecting method of the high hole petroclastic rock based on shear wave velocity according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the high value plotted point of the described natural gamma curve of step (2) represents that the lithology of sedimentary formation is a mud stone, and the low value plotted point of natural gamma curve represents that the lithology of sedimentary formation is a sandstone.
4. the high resolution prospecting method of the high hole petroclastic rock based on shear wave velocity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sandstone that step (3) is determined and mud stone GR value separation are meant along velocity of longitudinal wave and shear wave velocity aggregation zone makes straight line, five equilibrium remakes the 3rd straight line, the GR value of the plotted point of the 3rd straight line process between two straight lines.
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| CN101980053B (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-12-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Complicated reef flat reservoir predicting method |
| CN102426390B (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2013-07-03 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for determining reserve volume of nonhomogeneous sandstone reservoir |
| CN102606150B (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2015-03-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method and system for identifying fragmental rock lithological characters |
| CN103020372A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 西安石油大学 | High-resolution lithologic framework drawing method |
| CN104898161B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Effective sandstone predicting method based on logging response simulator |
| CN104808259A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-07-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Detection method and device of gypsum rock distribution |
| CN113064204B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2022-07-22 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Borehole seismic absorption parameter extraction and stratum lithology detection method |
| CN114961700B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Three-dimensional acoustic logging longitudinal wave velocity radial profile inversion imaging method |
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