CN107014173B - Direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system - Google Patents
Direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107014173B CN107014173B CN201710391481.7A CN201710391481A CN107014173B CN 107014173 B CN107014173 B CN 107014173B CN 201710391481 A CN201710391481 A CN 201710391481A CN 107014173 B CN107014173 B CN 107014173B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
- F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump drying, in particular to a direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit type heat pump drying system. The closed-circuit heat pump drying system comprises a solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem; according to the invention, the solar heat collector, the dehumidification evaporator and the auxiliary path adjusting system are matched on the basis of the heat pump drying system, so that the outstanding technical problems of serious environmental pollution, high operation cost, low drying speed, low dehumidification energy consumption and the like in the existing drying process are solved, the efficiency of drying materials by the heat pump is obviously improved, and the layer color, the quality and the fragrance of the dried materials are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump drying, in particular to a direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system.
Background
In the face of the increasing prominence of the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the traditional drying technologies such as fuel oil, gas, coal or wood burning and the like are gradually eliminated, and the current commonly used environment-friendly drying technologies mainly comprise two technologies, namely the technology of directly heating by adopting an electric heating tube, the operation is simple, but the efficiency is too low, the operation cost is higher, and the method is opposite to the national energy-saving policy; the other method adopts a heat pump drying technology, particularly an air source heat pump technology, has simple structure, convenient installation and use, energy conservation and environmental protection, and is put into use by some enterprises. But the prior conventional air source heat pump drying technology has the following defects: when outdoor air temperature is too high in summer, the condensing pressure of the air source heat pump is too high, the compression ratio of the compressor is too large, the exhaust temperature is too high, the heating capacity and the energy efficiency ratio of the air source heat pump are rapidly reduced, and even the compressor can be frequently and protectively shut down; similarly, when the outdoor air temperature is too low in winter, the evaporation temperature of the air source heat pump is too low, the surface of the evaporator is frosted seriously, the compression ratio of the compressor is too large, the exhaust temperature is too high, the heating capacity and the energy efficiency ratio of the air source heat pump are reduced sharply, and even the device can not run normally. In a word, when the outdoor temperature is too high or too low, the conventional air source heat pump has outstanding technical problems, and the popularization and the application of the air source heat pump in the drying field are seriously influenced. In addition, when dangerous materials, peculiar smell materials, materials with high water content and heat-sensitive materials are dried, the open-circuit type circulating drying medium mode cannot meet the requirements of a drying process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system, which aims to solve the prominent technical problems of serious environmental pollution, low dehumidification energy consumption, high operation cost, low drying speed and difficult temperature change regulation in the conventional drying process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system, which comprises a solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem; the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem comprises a main path compressor, a main path oil separator, a main path condenser, a recooler, a drying filter, an observation mirror, a first expansion valve, a middle pressure gas-liquid separator, a second expansion valve, a dehumidification evaporator, a solar heat collector, a low pressure gas-liquid separator, an evaporation pressure regulating valve, an auxiliary path compressor, an auxiliary path oil separator, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a first electric regulating valve, a second electric regulating valve and a connecting pipeline; the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem comprises an auxiliary PTC electric heater, a circulating fan, a drying material chamber, a material, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dehumidification chamber, a condensed water outlet, a medium heating chamber and a connecting air channel; the main compressor is characterized in that an exhaust port of the main compressor is connected with a main oil separator, the main oil separator is connected with a first one-way valve, the first one-way valve is respectively connected with an inlet of a main condenser and an outlet of a second one-way valve, an outlet of the main condenser is connected with a main inlet of a recooler, a main outlet of the recooler is connected with an inlet of a medium pressure gas-liquid separator, and a connecting pipeline between the main outlet and the inlet of the recooler is sequentially provided with a drying filter, an observation mirror and a first expansion valve; two outlets of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator are respectively connected with an auxiliary inlet of the recooler and an inlet of a second expansion valve, an outlet of the second expansion valve is respectively connected with a first electric regulating valve and a second electric regulating valve, the first electric regulating valve is connected with the dehumidification evaporator, and the second electric regulating valve is connected with an inlet of the solar heat collector; the outlets of the dehumidification evaporator and the solar heat collector are connected with the inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator, and the outlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator is connected with the air suction port of the main path compressor; an auxiliary outlet of the recooler is connected with an air suction port of an auxiliary compressor after passing through an evaporation pressure regulating valve, an exhaust port of the auxiliary compressor is connected with an auxiliary oil separator, the auxiliary oil separator is connected with a second one-way valve, and an outlet of the second one-way valve is connected with an inlet of the main condenser after being converged with an outlet of the first one-way valve; a main path condenser and an auxiliary PTC electric heater are installed in the medium heating chamber, an air outlet of the medium heating chamber is connected with an air inlet of a circulating fan through a connecting air duct, and an air outlet of the circulating fan is connected with an air inlet of a material drying room; the drying device is characterized in that a storage rack for laying materials is arranged in the drying material room, an air outlet of the drying material room is connected with an air inlet of the dehumidifying chamber through a connecting air channel, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged in the connecting air channel between the drying material room and the dehumidifying chamber, a dehumidifying evaporator and a condensed water discharging port are arranged in the dehumidifying chamber, and an air outlet of the dehumidifying chamber is connected with an air inlet of the medium heating chamber through a connecting air channel.
The structures of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem are connected through connecting pipelines; the structures of the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem are connected through connecting air ducts.
The main road compressor and the auxiliary road compressor are any one of a fixed-frequency scroll compressor, a fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressor, a variable-frequency scroll compressor and a variable-frequency rolling rotor compressor. The main path condenser and the dehumidifying evaporator are in any structural form of a finned tube heat exchanger, a stacked heat exchanger and a parallel flow heat exchanger. The first expansion valve and the second expansion valve are in the form of any one of a manual expansion valve, a choke type expansion valve, a floating ball type expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve and an electronic expansion valve. The circulating fan is any one of a variable frequency fan, a fixed frequency fan and a gear shifting fan. The evaporation pressure regulating valve is in the form of any one of a proportional regulating valve, a proportional integral regulating valve, a proportional differential regulating valve and a proportional integral differential regulating valve which are controlled by the pressure (namely evaporation pressure) before the valve. The recooler is in any structural form of a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger and a flash tank.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system, which is novel in concept and ingenious in unit design, and is matched with a solar heat collector, a dehumidification evaporator and an auxiliary circuit adjusting system (mainly comprising an auxiliary circuit compressor, an auxiliary circuit oil separator, an auxiliary circuit condenser, a recooler, an evaporation pressure adjusting valve and the like) on the basis of a conventional heat pump drying system, so that the system has the following main advantages:
(1) through the auxiliary adjustment of the auxiliary path adjusting system, the air-cooled heat pump drying system can solve the outstanding problems of overhigh condensation pressure, overlarge compression ratio of a compressor, overhigh exhaust temperature and frequent protective shutdown of the compressor in a high-temperature refrigeration working mode in summer, and can also solve the outstanding problems of overlow evaporation temperature, serious frosting on the surface of an evaporator, overlarge compression ratio of the compressor, overhigh exhaust temperature and sharp reduction of heating capacity and energy efficiency ratio in a low-temperature heating working mode in winter, the reliability, the stability and the economical efficiency of the year-round operation of the air-cooled heat pump drying system are improved, and the application field of the air-cooled heat pump drying system is widened.
(2) Through the auxiliary adjustment of the auxiliary path adjusting system, the heating capacity of the air-cooled heat pump drying system can be rapidly changed along with the requirements of the material drying process, the dehumidification energy consumption ratio of the dried material is obviously improved, and the layer color, the quality and the fragrance of the dried material are ensured.
(3) Solar energy is as a clean energy of big, abundant and green of resource volume, when adopting solar collector as heat pump drying system evaporimeter, and heat pump drying unit's evaporating temperature is showing and is improving for heat pump compressor's power consumption reduces, has reduced air-cooled evaporimeter's fan operation simultaneously, consequently saves heat pump drying system's total operating cost.
(4) Through the rapid dehumidification function of the dehumidification evaporator and the closed-circuit type circulation drying medium mode, the air-cooled heat pump drying system achieves efficient drying of dangerous materials, peculiar smell materials, materials with high water content and heat-sensitive materials.
(5) The direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system provided by the invention overcomes the defects of the existing heat pump drying technology, and has the characteristics of high drying efficiency, energy conservation, good quality of dried materials, sanitation and the like, so that the direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system has wide market application prospect and huge market potential, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a drying working mode of the direct expansion type solar heat pump.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a single-stage compression + PTC + dehumidification drying operation mode.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a direct expansion type solar energy and three-pressure drying working mode.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a three-pressure + dehumidifying and drying operation mode.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the auxiliary road + PTC drying operation mode.
Sequence numbers in the figure: 1 is a main path compressor, 2 is a main path oil separator, 3 is a main path condenser, 4 is a recooler, 5 is a drying filter, 6 is an observation mirror, 7 is a first expansion valve, 8 is a middle pressure gas-liquid separator, 9 is a second expansion valve, 10 is a dehumidifying evaporator, 11 is a solar heat collector, 12 is a low pressure gas-liquid separator, 13 is an evaporation pressure regulating valve, 14 is an auxiliary path compressor, 15 is an auxiliary path oil separator, 16 is a first check valve, 17 is a second check valve, 18 is a first electric regulating valve, 19 is a second electric regulating valve, 20 is an auxiliary PTC electric heater, 21 is a circulating fan, 22 is a drying material compartment, 23 is a material, 24 is a temperature sensor, 25 is a humidity sensor, 26 is a dehumidifying compartment, 27 is a condensed water discharge port, and 28 is a medium heating compartment.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to examples (figures) without limiting the invention thereto.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system, which is characterized by mainly comprising a solar-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem. The solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem is composed of a main path compressor 1, a main path oil separator 2, a main path condenser 3, a recooler 4, a drying filter 5, an observation mirror 6, a first expansion valve 7, a medium pressure gas-liquid separator 8, a second expansion valve 9, a dehumidification evaporator 10, a solar heat collector 11, a low pressure gas-liquid separator 12, an evaporation pressure regulating valve 13, an auxiliary path compressor 14, an auxiliary path oil separator 15, a first one-way valve 16, a second one-way valve 17, a first electric regulating valve 18, a second electric regulating valve 19 and connecting pipelines. The specific connection relation is as follows: an exhaust port of the main path compressor 1 is respectively connected with an inlet of the main path condenser 3 and an outlet of the second check valve 17 through the main path oil separator 2 and the first check valve 16 in sequence; the outlet of the main path condenser 3 is connected with the main path inlet of the recooler 4; the main path outlet of the recooler 4 is connected with the inlet of a medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 through a drying filter 5, an observation mirror 6 and a first expansion valve 7 in sequence; two outlets of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 are respectively connected with a bypass inlet of the recooler 4 and an inlet of the second expansion valve 9; the outlet of the second expansion valve 9 is respectively connected with the inlets of the dehumidification evaporator 10 and the solar heat collector 11 through a first electric regulating valve 18 and a second electric regulating valve 19; the outlets of the dehumidification evaporator 10 and the solar heat collector 11 are connected with the inlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12; the outlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12 is connected with the air suction port of the main-path compressor 1; the auxiliary outlet of the recooler 4 is connected with the air suction port of an auxiliary compressor 14 through an evaporation pressure regulating valve 13; and an exhaust port of the auxiliary compressor 14 is respectively connected with an inlet of the main condenser 3 and an outlet of the first check valve 16 through an auxiliary oil separator 15 and a second check valve 17 in sequence. The closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem is composed of an auxiliary PTC electric heater 20, a circulating fan 21, a drying material room 22, materials 23, a temperature sensor 24, a humidity sensor 25, a dehumidifying chamber 26, a condensed water outlet 27, a medium heating chamber 28 and a connecting air channel. The specific installation and connection relation is as follows: the medium heating chamber 28 is internally provided with a main path condenser 3 and an auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 in sequence, and an air outlet of the main path condenser and the auxiliary PTC electric heater is connected with an air inlet of a circulating fan 21 through an air duct; an air outlet of the circulating fan 21 is connected with an air inlet of the material drying room 22; a shelf for laying the materials 23 is arranged in the drying material room 22, and an air outlet of the shelf is connected with an air inlet of a dehumidifying chamber 26 through an air duct provided with a temperature sensor 24 and a humidity sensor 25; the dehumidification chamber 26 is provided with a dehumidification evaporator 10 and a condensed water outlet 27, and the air outlet is connected with the air inlet of a medium heating chamber 28 through an air duct. The structures of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem are connected through connecting pipelines; the structures of the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem are connected through connecting air ducts.
The main compressor 1 and the auxiliary compressor 14 are fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressors; the main path condenser 3 is a finned tube heat exchanger, and the dehumidifying evaporator 10 is a stacked heat exchanger; the first expansion valve 7 is a manual expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a choke type expansion valve; the circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional-integral regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e. evaporation pressure); the recooler 4 is a plate heat exchanger.
Example 2
The main compressor 1 is a fixed-frequency scroll compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressor; the main path condenser 3 is a finned tube heat exchanger, and the dehumidification evaporator 10 is a parallel flow heat exchanger; the first expansion valve 7 is a floating ball type expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a choking type expansion valve; the circulating fan 21 is a fixed frequency fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional-differential regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e., evaporation pressure); the sub-cooler 4 is a flash tank. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 3
The main road compressor 1 of the invention is a frequency conversion rolling rotor compressor, and the auxiliary road compressor 14 is a frequency conversion scroll compressor; the main path condenser 3 is a stacked heat exchanger, and the dehumidifying evaporator 10 is a parallel flow heat exchanger; the first expansion valve 7 is a floating ball type expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a thermostatic expansion valve; the circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional-integral-derivative regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e. evaporation pressure); the subcooler 4 is a double-pipe heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 4
The main compressor 1 and the auxiliary compressor 14 are frequency conversion scroll compressors; the main path condenser 3 is a stacked heat exchanger, and the dehumidifying evaporator 10 is a stacked heat exchanger; the first expansion valve 7 and the second expansion valve 9 are thermal expansion valves; the circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional-differential regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e., evaporation pressure); the subcooler 4 is a double-pipe heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 5
The main compressor 1 is a variable frequency scroll compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a constant frequency rolling rotor compressor; the main condenser 3 and the dehumidification evaporator 10 are fin-tube heat exchangers, the first expansion valve 7 is a floating ball type expansion valve, the second expansion valve 9 is an electronic expansion valve, the circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan, the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional differential regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (namely, evaporation pressure), and the recooler 4 is a flash evaporator. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 6
The main compressor 1 is a variable frequency scroll compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a constant frequency rolling rotor compressor; the main path condenser 3 is a parallel flow type heat exchanger, the dehumidification evaporator 10 is a finned tube type heat exchanger, the first expansion valve 7 is a floating ball type expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is an electronic expansion valve; the circulating fan 21 is a gear shifting fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional-integral regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e. evaporation pressure); the recooler 4 is a plate heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 7
The main compressor 1 is a fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a variable-frequency scroll compressor; the main path condenser 3 and the dehumidifying evaporator 10 are stacked heat exchangers; the first expansion valve 7 and the second expansion valve 9 are floating ball type expansion valves; the circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e. evaporation pressure); the subcooler 4 is a double-pipe heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
Example 8
The main compressor 1 is a fixed-frequency scroll compressor, and the auxiliary compressor 14 is a fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressor; the main path condenser 3 is a finned tube heat exchanger, and the dehumidifying evaporator 10 is a stacked heat exchanger; the first expansion valve 7 is a manual expansion valve, and the second expansion valve 9 is a floating ball type expansion valve; the circulating fan 21 is a variable frequency fan; the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 is a proportional regulating valve controlled by the pressure before the valve (i.e. evaporation pressure); the recooler 4 is a plate heat exchanger. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: through the optimized matching combination of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem and the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem and the PLC intelligent adjustment, the invention can realize five working modes:
(1) direct-expansion type solar heat pump drying working mode
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a drying working mode of a direct expansion type solar heat pump, and when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is very high, and the material drying operation is started at the beginning, and the system does not need energy and humidity adjustment, the working mode can be adopted. At this time, the main compressor 1, the second electric control valve 19, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the sub compressor 14, the first electric control valve 18, and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are turned off. The working process of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the main path compressor 1 enters a main path condenser 3 through a main path oil separator 2 and a first one-way valve 16 in sequence, releases heat to heat a circulating drying medium introduced by a circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, then enters a first expansion valve 7 through a recooler 4, a drying filter 5 and an observation mirror 6 in sequence, is changed into a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7, enters a medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 for gas-liquid separation, then the liquid refrigerant at the lower part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by a second expansion valve 9, enters a solar heat collector 11 through a second electric adjusting valve 19, absorbs energy radiated by solar energy, is evaporated into low-pressure superheated refrigerant steam, then enters an air suction port of the main path compressor 1 after being subjected to gas-liquid separation by a low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12, after being compressed by the main-circuit compressor 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, releases heat to cool after heating the material 23, absorbs moisture of the material at the same time, becomes a low-temperature and high-humidity drying medium, then enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, rises the temperature after absorbing the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant entering the main path condenser 3, becomes a high-temperature low-humidity drying medium, and starts the next cycle.
(2) Single-stage compression + PTC + dehumidification drying working mode
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a single-stage compression + PTC + dehumidification drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is weak, or when the humidity of the drying medium detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 is too high during the material drying operation. At this time, the main circuit compressor 1, the first electric control valve 18, the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20, and the circulating fan 21 are started, and the auxiliary circuit compressor 14 and the second electric control valve 19 are closed. The working process of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the main-path compressor 1 enters a main-path condenser 3 through a main-path oil separator 2 and a first one-way valve 16 in sequence, releases heat to heat a circulating drying medium introduced by a circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, then enters a first expansion valve 7 through a recooler 4, a drying filter 5 and an observation mirror 6 in sequence, is changed into a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7, enters a medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 for gas-liquid separation, then the liquid refrigerant at the lower part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 is changed into a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled and adjusted by a second expansion valve 9, enters a dehumidifying evaporator 10 through a first electric adjusting valve 18, absorbs the heat of the circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, and is evaporated into low-pressure superheated refrigerant steam, then, the gas-liquid separation is performed by the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12, and the gas enters the suction port of the main-path compressor 1, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged after being compressed by the main-path compressor 1, and then the refrigerant starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, the heat is released to reduce the temperature after the material 23 is heated, the moisture of the material is absorbed at the same time and is changed into the low-temperature high-humidity drying medium, the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, the heat is released to heat the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant entering the dehumidifying evaporator 10, the water vapor in the drying medium is changed into condensed water to be separated out and is discharged through the condensed water discharge port 27, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the air duct, the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant of the main condenser 3 and the heat of the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are absorbed, the temperature is gradually increased, the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium is changed, and the next cycle is started.
(3) Direct-expansion solar energy and three-pressure drying working mode
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a direct expansion type solar energy and three-pressure drying working mode, and when the outdoor solar energy radiation intensity is high, and the material drying operation is started at the beginning, and the system does not need energy and humidity adjustment, the working mode can be adopted. At this time, the main compressor 1, the sub-compressor 14, the second electric control valve 19, and the circulating fan 21 are started, and the first electric control valve 18 and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are closed. The working process of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the main path compressor 1 sequentially passes through the main path oil separator 2 and the first one-way valve 16 to be mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the second one-way valve 17, then enters the main path condenser 3, releases heat to heat the circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, enters the main path side of the recooler 4, releases heat to heat the medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant passing through the auxiliary path side of the recooler 4, is further supercooled into a liquid refrigerant with a large supercooling degree, then sequentially passes through the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7 to become a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path is the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated liquid refrigerant, the refrigerant is discharged from the lower part of the middle-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, then is subjected to throttling regulation by the second expansion valve 9 to be changed into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the solar heat collector 11 through the second electric regulating valve 19, absorbs energy radiated by solar energy, is evaporated to be changed into low-pressure superheated refrigerant steam, then enters an air suction port of the main-path compressor 1 after being subjected to gas-liquid separation by the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12, is compressed by the main-path compressor 1, discharges a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and starts to enter the next cycle. The other path is separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant, the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the upper part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, enters the auxiliary path side of the sub-cooler 4 to absorb the heat of the supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant passing through the main path side of the sub-cooler 4, is changed into superheated gaseous refrigerant, is throttled and regulated by the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13, enters the air suction port of the auxiliary path compressor 14, is compressed by the auxiliary path compressor 14 to discharge high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the first one-way valve 16 sequentially by the auxiliary path oil separator 15 and the second one-way valve 17, enters the main path condenser 3, and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is the same as the working mode of single-stage compression drying.
(4) Three-pressure + dehumidifying and drying working mode
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a three-pressure + dehumidifying and drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the outdoor solar radiation intensity is high and the humidity of the drying medium detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 is too high in the material drying operation process. At this time, the main compressor 1, the sub-compressor 14, the first electric control valve 18, and the circulating fan 21 are started, and the second electric control valve 19 and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 are turned off. The working process of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged by the main path compressor 1 sequentially passes through the main path oil separator 2 and the first one-way valve 16 to be mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the second one-way valve 17, then enters the main path condenser 3, releases heat to heat the circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, enters the main path side of the recooler 4, releases heat to heat the medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant passing through the auxiliary path side of the recooler 4, is further supercooled into a liquid refrigerant with a large supercooling degree, then sequentially passes through the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7 to become a medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path is the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated liquid refrigerant, the refrigerant is discharged from the lower part of the middle-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, then is subjected to throttling regulation by the second expansion valve 9 to be changed into a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the dehumidification evaporator 10 through the first electric regulating valve 18, absorbs the heat of a circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is evaporated into low-pressure superheated refrigerant steam, then is subjected to gas-liquid separation by the low-pressure gas-liquid separator 12, enters an air suction port of the main-path compressor 1, is compressed by the main-path compressor 1, discharges a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, and starts to enter the next cycle. The other path is separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant, the separated medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the upper part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, enters the auxiliary path side of the sub-cooler 4 to absorb the heat of the supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant passing through the main path side of the sub-cooler 4, is changed into superheated gaseous refrigerant, is throttled and regulated by the evaporation pressure regulating valve 13, enters the air suction port of the auxiliary path compressor 14, is compressed by the auxiliary path compressor 14 to discharge high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is mixed with the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passing through the first one-way valve 16 sequentially by the auxiliary path oil separator 15 and the second one-way valve 17, enters the main path condenser 3, and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, the heat is released to cool after the materials 23 are heated, meanwhile, the moisture of the materials is absorbed and changed into the low-temperature high-humidity drying medium, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, the heat is released to heat the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant entering the dehumidifying evaporator 10, the water vapor in the drying medium is changed into condensed water to be separated out and is discharged through the condensed water discharge port 27, then the low-temperature low-humidity drying medium enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the air duct, the phase change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant of the main path condenser 3 is absorbed, the temperature is raised, the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium is changed, and the next cycle is started.
(5) Auxiliary road + PTC drying working mode
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of an auxiliary circuit + PTC drying operation mode, which can be adopted when the humidity of the drying medium detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 is low in the middle and later stages of the material drying operation. At this time, the sub-circuit compressor 14, the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20, and the circulation fan 21 are started, and the main circuit compressor 1, the first electric control valve 18, and the second electric control valve 19 are closed. The working process of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem comprises the following steps: the high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the auxiliary compressor 14 sequentially passes through the auxiliary oil separator 15 and the second one-way valve 17 to enter the main condenser 3, releases heat to heat the circulating drying medium introduced by the circulating fan 21, is condensed into a supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant, enters the main side of the sub-cooler 4, releases heat to heat the medium-pressure medium-temperature saturated gaseous refrigerant passing through the auxiliary side of the sub-cooler 4, is further supercooled into a liquid refrigerant with a large supercooling degree, then sequentially passes through the drying filter 5 and the observation mirror 6 to enter the first expansion valve 7, is throttled and adjusted by the first expansion valve 7 to become medium-temperature medium-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, enters the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, the separated saturated gaseous refrigerant of the medium-pressure medium-temperature liquid separator is discharged through the upper part of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator 8, enters the auxiliary side of the sub-path side of the sub-cooler 4 to absorb the heat of the supercooled or saturated liquid refrigerant passing through the main side of the sub-liquid separator 4, the refrigerant is changed into superheated gaseous refrigerant, enters an air suction port of an auxiliary compressor 14 through an evaporation pressure regulating valve 13 in a throttling and pressure regulating mode, is compressed and discharged through the auxiliary compressor 14, and starts to enter the next cycle. The working process of the drying medium circulation subsystem is as follows: the high-temperature low-humidity drying medium from the medium heating chamber 28 enters the drying material chamber 22 through the circulating fan 21, releases heat to cool after heating the material 23, absorbs moisture of the material at the same time to become a low-temperature high-humidity drying medium, then enters the medium heating chamber 28 through the dehumidifying chamber 26 after being detected by the temperature sensor 24 and the humidity sensor 25 in the air duct, and gradually heats up after absorbing the phase-change latent heat released by the gaseous refrigerant of the main path condenser 3 and the heat of the auxiliary PTC electric heater 20 in sequence to become a high-temperature low-humidity drying medium, and starts the next cycle.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a close circuit formula heat pump drying system that formula of directly expanding solar energy is supplementary which characterized in that: the closed-circuit heat pump drying system comprises a solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem and a closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem; the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem comprises a main path compressor (1), a main path oil separator (2), a main path condenser (3), a recooler (4), a middle pressure gas-liquid separator (8), a dehumidification evaporator (10), a solar heat collector (11), a low pressure gas-liquid separator (12), an auxiliary path compressor (14), an auxiliary path oil separator (15), a first one-way valve (16), a second one-way valve (17) and a connecting pipeline; the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem comprises an auxiliary PTC electric heater (20), a drying material room (22), materials (23), a medium heating chamber (28) and a connecting air channel; the main-path compressor (1) is connected with a main-path oil separator (2) through an exhaust port, the main-path oil separator (2) is connected with a first one-way valve (16), the first one-way valve (16) is respectively connected with an inlet of a main-path condenser (3) and an outlet of a second one-way valve (17), an outlet of the main-path condenser (3) is connected with a main-path inlet of a recooler (4), and a main-path outlet of the recooler (4) is connected with an inlet of a medium-pressure gas-liquid separator (8); two outlets of the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator (8) are respectively connected with a bypass inlet of the recooler (4) and the low-pressure gas-liquid separator (12), and an outlet of the low-pressure gas-liquid separator (12) is connected with an air suction port of the main-path compressor (1); an auxiliary path outlet of the recooler (4) is connected with an air suction port of an auxiliary path compressor (14) through an evaporation pressure regulating valve (13), an air exhaust port of the auxiliary path compressor (14) is connected with an auxiliary path oil separator (15), the auxiliary path oil separator (15) is connected with a second one-way valve (17), and an outlet of the second one-way valve (17) is connected with an inlet of the main path condenser (3) after being converged with an outlet of the first one-way valve (16); a main path condenser (3) and an auxiliary PTC electric heater (20) are arranged in the medium heating chamber (28), and an air outlet of the medium heating chamber (28) is connected with an air inlet of the drying material room (22) through a connecting air channel; a shelf for laying the materials (23) is installed in the drying material room (22), an air outlet of the drying material room (22) is connected with an air inlet of the dehumidifying chamber (26) through a connecting air channel, a dehumidifying evaporator (10) and a condensed water outlet (27) are installed in the dehumidifying chamber (26), and an air outlet of the dehumidifying chamber (26) is connected with an air inlet of the medium heating chamber (28) through a connecting air channel;
the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem further comprises a drying filter (5), an observation mirror (6), a first expansion valve (7), a second expansion valve (9), an evaporation pressure regulating valve (13), a first electric regulating valve (18) and a second electric regulating valve (19); a connecting pipeline between the recooler (4) and the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator (8) is sequentially provided with a drying filter (5), an observation mirror (6) and a first expansion valve (7), the medium-pressure gas-liquid separator (8) is connected with an inlet of a second expansion valve (9), an outlet of the second expansion valve (9) is respectively connected with a first electric regulating valve (18) and a second electric regulating valve (19), the first electric regulating valve (18) is connected with a dehumidifying evaporator (10), the second electric regulating valve (19) is connected with an inlet of a solar heat collector (11), and outlets of the dehumidifying evaporator (10) and the solar heat collector (11) are connected with an inlet of a low-pressure gas-liquid separator (12);
the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem further comprises a circulating fan (21), a temperature sensor (24), a humidity sensor (25), a dehumidification chamber (26) and a condensed water discharge port (27), the circulating fan (21) is arranged in a connecting air channel between the medium heating chamber (28) and the drying material room (22), and the temperature sensor (24) and the humidity sensor (25) are arranged in the connecting air channel between the drying material room (22) and the dehumidification chamber (26).
2. The direct expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system according to claim 1, wherein: the structures of the solar energy-air three-pressure heat pump subsystem are connected through connecting pipelines; the structures of the closed-circuit drying medium circulation subsystem are connected through connecting air ducts; the main path compressor (1) and the auxiliary path compressor (14) are respectively in any one form of a fixed-frequency scroll compressor, a fixed-frequency rolling rotor compressor, a variable-frequency scroll compressor and a variable-frequency rolling rotor compressor.
3. The direct-expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main path condenser (3) and the dehumidifying evaporator (10) are respectively in any structural form of a finned tube type heat exchanger, a stacked type heat exchanger and a parallel flow type heat exchanger; the first expansion valve (7) and the second expansion valve (9) are in the form of any one of a manual expansion valve, a choke expansion valve, a floating ball type expansion valve, a thermal expansion valve and an electronic expansion valve.
4. The direct expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system according to claim 3, wherein: the circulating fan (21) is any one of a variable frequency fan, a fixed frequency fan and a gear shifting fan.
5. The direct expansion solar-assisted closed-circuit heat pump drying system according to claim 1, wherein: the evaporation pressure regulating valve (13) is in the form of any one of a proportional regulating valve, a proportional integral regulating valve, a proportional differential regulating valve and a proportional integral differential regulating valve which are controlled by the pressure before the valve; the recooler (4) is in any structural form of a plate heat exchanger, a double-pipe heat exchanger and a flash tank.
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| CN108168285A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-15 | 天津商业大学 | A kind of solar heat-preservation is in direct contact evaporation high temperature drying system |
| CN209991683U (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-01-24 | 兰州理工大学 | Closed air drying circulation system |
| CN110440530B (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2020-07-07 | 江苏大学 | Industrial waste heat composite solar greenhouse drying system and method |
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| KR101069827B1 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2011-10-04 | 제주특별자치도(농업기술원) | Dryer using heat pump |
| CN103265158B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-07-02 | 南京师范大学 | Method for dehumidifying and drying sludge by use of solar energy-heat pump coupling solution |
| CN203893630U (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-22 | 攀枝花学院 | Solar-energy-and-heat-pump-combined moulded coal drying system |
| CN104949477B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-03-01 | 中原工学院 | A kind of solar energy assists intelligent high temperature heat pump drying system |
| CN104949496B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-03-01 | 中原工学院 | A kind of high-temperature heat pump drying system with Intelligent adjustment function |
| CN206037478U (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2017-03-22 | 宁夏塞上阳光太阳能有限公司 | Air source heat pump system with supplementary evaporation pipeline of solar energy |
| CN106524741B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2022-03-01 | 江苏天舒电器股份有限公司 | Heat pump type double-circulation hot air drying system and control method thereof |
| CN206944605U (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-01-30 | 中原工学院 | The closed type heat pump drying system of direct-expansion type solar energy auxiliary |
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